WO2003016809A1 - Rechauffeur - Google Patents

Rechauffeur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003016809A1
WO2003016809A1 PCT/ZA2001/000116 ZA0100116W WO03016809A1 WO 2003016809 A1 WO2003016809 A1 WO 2003016809A1 ZA 0100116 W ZA0100116 W ZA 0100116W WO 03016809 A1 WO03016809 A1 WO 03016809A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating elements
pipes
heater according
heater
vanes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ZA2001/000116
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce Stclair Moor
Michael John Gibbon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/ZA2001/000116 priority Critical patent/WO2003016809A1/fr
Publication of WO2003016809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003016809A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13B—PRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B25/00—Evaporators or boiling pans specially adapted for sugar juices; Evaporating or boiling sugar juices
    • C13B25/001—Evaporators or boiling pans specially adapted for sugar juices; Evaporating or boiling sugar juices with heating tubes or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heater and in particular a reheater finding application in the sugar industry.
  • the final steps in the recovery and manufacture of sugar from sugar cane or sugar beet are the evaporation of water from clarified juice until a supersaturated concentration of sugar in the juice is attained. At this point the concentrate is seeded with fine sugar crystals to initiate crystal growth. Crystals growth then occurs by absorption of sucrose from the surrounding liquor which is known as molasses. Crystals are finally separated from the molasses by centrifugal separation of the molasses through a finely perforated screen.
  • the mixture of molasses and sugar crystals is called massecuite.
  • the massecuite is then reheated. For every increase in temperature of the massecuite of 6 to 7°C, viscosity is halved and it has been established that centrifugal separation may be used effectively if massecuite temperature is elevated into the range 55 to 60°C. Reheating is however a finely balanced process as care must be taken to ensure that the elevation of temperature does not cause dissolution of the crystals back into the molasses. In order to avoid this re-dissolution, no part of the massecuite should be heated above the saturation temperature (approximately 55°C) of the molasses. This requires that temperature of the heating medium (hot water) be restricted to 5 to 10°C above the saturation temperature, while massecuite flow through the heater must be evenly distributed without the occurrence of short circuits or dead zones. Rapid heating is also required to minimise reheating time.
  • the heating medium hot water
  • Prior art reheaters comprise long horizontal structures having a plurality of heated pipes.
  • the heating ability of the pipes is enhanced by the welding of square metal plates perpendicular to the pipes at intervals along the lengths of the pipes.
  • a heater for flowable material and in particular molasses or massecuite in the sugar industry includes: a housing having an inlet for the substance to be heated and an outlet for the heated substance, a plurality of heating elements extending between the inlet and outlet parallel to the flow-path of the substance from the inlet to the outlet, the heating elements including longitudinal vanes in heat-exchange relationship with the elements, at least in the zone intermediate the inlet and outlet.
  • the heater is preferably vertically orientated with the material to be heated entering at a low level, passing upwards past the heating elements longitudinally, and exiting at a high level.
  • the heating elements preferably do not include vanes in the zones adjacent the inlet and outlet of the heater while a reduced number of vanes may be provided in the lower regions of the heating elements.
  • the longitudinal vanes comprise angle irons of a heat conductive material, for example, steel, the angle irons being welded to the pipes along the apex of the angle.
  • the angle of the angle iron is preferably ninety degrees and the two sections of the angle iron are preferably of equal dimensions. In this fo ⁇ n four vanes are located on each pipe giving the appearance of a cross in section.
  • the heating element typically comprises a bundle of closely-packed pipes supplied with heated water.
  • the pipes are arranged in a grid, all pipes being substantially equidistant from their neighbour in the grid pattern.
  • the distance of separation of the pipes in the grid will depend on a number of factors including the selected diameter of the pipes, the dimensions of the longitudinal vanes, and also on the flow characteristics of the material to be heated.
  • the configuration of the heating elements will permit largely unhindered flow of material along the length thereof, with minimal separation distance between vanes and accordingly substantial reduction or even elimination of dead zones and short circuits.
  • the longitudinal vanes are thermally superior to the conventional radial vanes used in the prior art reheaters in that they have a high proportion of vane area close to the heat source (pipe) and a higher pipe contact area for heat conduction into the vanes.
  • the vane disposition around the pipes efficiently covers the area between the pipes without any wide passages for massecuite to pass through with inadequate heating.
  • the grid pattern of the invention offers a lower total cross-sectional area for the massecuite flow than in conventional designs, which results in a higher massecuite flow velocity and an even velocity distribution across this area.
  • the housing of the heater will be circular in cross-section and as a result the selected grid pattern for disposition will not fit perfectly into this cross-sectional shape.
  • the spaces left by the basic grid pattern are easily filled using vane-less pipes or pipes having one, two, three or even parts of angle irons welded thereto. It will however be appreciated that the basic grid pattern will efficiently cover most of the area.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a heater according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heating element
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a heater illustrating the preferred disposition of heating elements in the main heating zone of the heater.
  • a heater 10 and in particular a reheater for massecuite for use in the process of production of sugar comprises a cylindrical housing 12 with a massecuite inlet 14 at a low level and an outlet 16 at the top of the reheater.
  • the massecuite enters the bottom of reheater radially and flows upwards in contact with heating elements 18 ( Figure 2) arranged in the grid pattern shown in Figure 3.
  • the massecuite is heated by contact with the heating elements which, comprises pipes 20 having longitudinal vanes 22 to increase the surface area for heating.
  • the heated massecuite exits at 16.
  • Heating water is circulated through the pipes via headers 24 at each end of the reheater.
  • the hot water enters at 26 and exits at 28.
  • the headers may be configured for either single or multiple water passes.
  • reheater units of the invention may be arranged in series for lower massecuite flows or in parallel (higher flows), with the water circuits appropriately configured.
  • the heating elements 18 comprise pipes 20 having in the preferred form, four longitudinal vanes 22 in the form of right-angled angle irons.
  • the vanes are arranged equidistantly spaced apart around the circumference of each pipe giving the appearance of a cross (see Figure 2).
  • the vanes are welded along the apex 32 to the pipes.
  • the sections 34 and 36 of the vanes are the same size.
  • the heating elements 18 are disposed such that the pipes form a grid pattern.
  • the distance 38 between each pipe and each of its neighbours 40 is equal, forming an even distribution of pipes throughout the majority of the circular cross-section of the heater.
  • the separation distance 38 is variable according to pipe diameter, viscosity of material to be heated and dimensions of the vanes.
  • the pipes are devoid of the longitudinal vanes. This permits free distribution of massecuite across the full cross-sectional area of the heater. Adjacent the entry zone, the pipes are provided with vanes, but these may be fewer than is illustrated in Figure 3 which shows a high vane density in what is the main heating zone of the heater. This eases the flow of the still cold and viscous massecuite.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un réchauffeur (10) de masse cuite destiné à l'industrie du sucre et comportant un logement cylindrique (12) à orientation verticale, comportant une grille d'éléments chauffants parallèles (18) comprenant des tuyaux (20) dotés d'ailettes longitudinales (22) qui accroissent l'aire de surface de chauffage et permettent une répartition équitable du flux ainsi qu'une minimisation du temps de réchauffage. La masse cuite pénètre dans le réchauffeur par un orifice d'entrée de niveau inférieur (14) et en ressort par un orifice de sortie (16) situé au niveau supérieur du réchauffeur.
PCT/ZA2001/000116 2001-08-14 2001-08-14 Rechauffeur Ceased WO2003016809A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2001/000116 WO2003016809A1 (fr) 2001-08-14 2001-08-14 Rechauffeur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ZA2001/000116 WO2003016809A1 (fr) 2001-08-14 2001-08-14 Rechauffeur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003016809A1 true WO2003016809A1 (fr) 2003-02-27

Family

ID=25560128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2001/000116 Ceased WO2003016809A1 (fr) 2001-08-14 2001-08-14 Rechauffeur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2003016809A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR688568A (fr) * 1930-09-20
GB371347A (en) * 1930-01-20 1932-04-19 Henry Dieterlen Improvements relating to tubulous boilers economisers, and like heat exchange apparatus
US3264751A (en) * 1960-07-11 1966-08-09 Frank J Mcentee Jr Heat-exchange method and apparatus
GB1186298A (en) * 1967-08-01 1970-04-02 Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa Apparatus and Method for Preparing Unsaturated Aliphatic Nitriles.
FR2208103A1 (en) * 1972-11-28 1974-06-21 Usines Metal Ste Expl Vertical tube-in-shell heat-exchanger - with separate shell compartments for low and high pressure steam
US5060716A (en) * 1989-03-31 1991-10-29 Heine William F Heat dissipating device and combination including same
JPH06207794A (ja) * 1992-08-06 1994-07-26 Ebara Res Co Ltd 伝熱管
US5472047A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-12-05 Brown Fintube Mixed finned tube and bare tube heat exchanger tube bundle

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR688568A (fr) * 1930-09-20
GB371347A (en) * 1930-01-20 1932-04-19 Henry Dieterlen Improvements relating to tubulous boilers economisers, and like heat exchange apparatus
US3264751A (en) * 1960-07-11 1966-08-09 Frank J Mcentee Jr Heat-exchange method and apparatus
GB1186298A (en) * 1967-08-01 1970-04-02 Sir Soc Italiana Resine Spa Apparatus and Method for Preparing Unsaturated Aliphatic Nitriles.
FR2208103A1 (en) * 1972-11-28 1974-06-21 Usines Metal Ste Expl Vertical tube-in-shell heat-exchanger - with separate shell compartments for low and high pressure steam
US5060716A (en) * 1989-03-31 1991-10-29 Heine William F Heat dissipating device and combination including same
JPH06207794A (ja) * 1992-08-06 1994-07-26 Ebara Res Co Ltd 伝熱管
US5472047A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-12-05 Brown Fintube Mixed finned tube and bare tube heat exchanger tube bundle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 572 (M - 1696) 2 November 1994 (1994-11-02) *

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