WO2003083301A1 - Recuperation d'huile de fuite dans un ensemble piston libre a double effet - Google Patents

Recuperation d'huile de fuite dans un ensemble piston libre a double effet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003083301A1
WO2003083301A1 PCT/CA2003/000440 CA0300440W WO03083301A1 WO 2003083301 A1 WO2003083301 A1 WO 2003083301A1 CA 0300440 W CA0300440 W CA 0300440W WO 03083301 A1 WO03083301 A1 WO 03083301A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
fluid
pair
ring seals
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2003/000440
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English (en)
Inventor
Anker Gram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westport Research Inc
Original Assignee
Westport Research Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westport Research Inc filed Critical Westport Research Inc
Priority to AU2003212176A priority Critical patent/AU2003212176A1/en
Publication of WO2003083301A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003083301A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/109Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers
    • F04B9/111Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members
    • F04B9/115Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having plural pumping chambers with two mechanically connected pumping members reciprocating movement of the pumping members being obtained by two single-acting liquid motors, each acting in one direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving a double acting reciprocating piston assembly. More particularly, the reciprocating piston is a free-floating piston assembly and the method and apparatus can be employed to recover fluid that leaks by the piston ring seals.
  • a reciprocating piston assembly that is a free-floating piston divides a cylinder into a drive chamber and a compression chamber. Fluid pressure in the drive chamber is controlled to provide a differential pressure between the drive chamber and the compression chamber to cause reciprocating movement of the piston assembly. That is, to cause a compression stroke, fluid pressure within the drive chamber is higher than the fluid pressure in the compression chamber. To reverse the direction of piston movement, fluid pressure within the drive chamber is reduced so that fluid pressure within the compression chamber is higher than fluid pressure within the drive chamber.
  • An apparatus comprising a double acting free-floating piston assembly can be employed to compress a gas or to pump a liquid.
  • the drive fluid can be a gas or a liquid.
  • an apparatus that employs an oil as the drive fluid is commonly referred to as being hydraulically driven, whereas an assembly that employs pressurized air as the drive fluid is commonly referred to as being pneumatically driven.
  • an apparatus comprising a double-acting reciprocating piston assembly
  • a free-floating piston When a free-floating piston is employed, there are two drive chambers with one drive chamber powering the compression stroke in one compression chamber and the other drive chamber powering the compression stroke in the other compression chamber.
  • the apparatus operates by alternating between compression and intake strokes for each compression chamber with the operation of one compression chamber offset from the other compression chamber by 180 degrees.
  • conventional apparatus 100 employs a double acting free-floating piston assembly.
  • Cylinders 101 and 102 are welded to central flange 105 to define a hollow cylindrical body. End plates 107 and 108 are screwed into and seal respective ends of cylinders 101 and 102.
  • a free-floating piston assembly comprises two pistons 110 and 112, which are connected to each other by solid rod 114.
  • first compression chamber 120 between piston 110 and end plate 107
  • first drive chamber 122 between piston 110 and central flange 105.
  • second compression chamber 124 between piston 112 and end plate 108 and second drive chamber 126 between piston 112 and central flange 105.
  • Fluid flows into first and second compression chambers 120 and 124 through respective one-way valves 132 and 136 and out of the same compression chambers 120 and 124 through respective one-way valves 134 and 138.
  • Drive fluid flows into and out of first and second drive chambers 122 and 126 through respective fluid passages 140 and 142.
  • Double acting reciprocating piston apparatus 100 operates as described in the following paragraphs.
  • piston 110 When the free-floating piston assembly moves to the left in FIG. 1, piston 110 is in the midst of a compression stroke. Fluid within first compression chamber 120 is compressed and expelled therefrom through one-way valve 134 when pressure within first compression chamber 120 is greater than the pressure within the pipe connected to one-way valve 134. Drive fluid is directed to first drive chamber 122 through fluid passage 140 to propel first piston 110 towards end plate 107. Simultaneously, piston 112 is in the midst of an intake stroke, as drive fluid flows out from second drive chamber 126 through fluid passage 142, and new fluid fills expanding second compression chamber 124 through one-way valve 136. When piston 110 completes its compression stroke, the free-floating piston assembly reverses direction, and piston 110 begins an intake stroke and piston 112 begins a compression stroke.
  • the free-floating piston assembly begins to move to the right, when drive fluid is directed to second drive chamber 126 and flows out from first drive chamber 122. Fluid within second compression chamber 124 is compressed and eventually expelled therefrom through one-way valve 138 when pressure within second compression chamber 124 is higher than pressure within the pipe connected to one-way valve 138. Meanwhile, fluid flowing through one-way valve 132 fills expanding first compression chamber 120. Dynamic seals are employed to guard against fluid leakage between the compression and drive chambers around the moving components of the free-floating piston assembly. For example, pistons 110 and 112 have respective ring seals 150 and 160 and seals 170 are provided within central flange 105 around rod 114 to guard against leakage between the drive chambers.
  • a problem with a conventional apparatus such as the one shown in FIG. 1 is that a dynamic seal has not yet been developed that can guarantee completely effective sealing. Over the course of time, a ring seal can wear out and allow some fluid to leak by it. A ring seal can also have manufacturing or material defects that can also result in leakage. Accordingly, there is a need for a method and apparatus for recovering fluid that leaks by dynamic seals between compression and drive chambers, and guarding against contamination of one fluid with the other fluid.
  • a double-acting free-floating piston apparatus comprises: (a) a first chamber wherein a first fluid is introducable and removable;
  • a free floating piston assembly comprising: a first piston defining a dynamic boundary to the first chamber; a second piston defining a dynamic boundary to the second chamber; and an elongated body disposed between and attached to each one of the first and second pistons; and (d) a fluid recovery system comprising: a first pair of ring seals spaced apart from each other and disposed around the circumference of the first piston; a first one-way fluid conduit through which fluid is flowable from a space between the first pair of ring seals to the second chamber; a second pair of ring seals spaced apart from each other and disposed around the circumference of the second piston; and a second one-way fluid conduit through which fluid is flowable from a space between the second pair of ring seals to the first chamber.
  • the double-acting free-floating piston apparatus comprises:
  • a free-floating piston assembly that comprises: a first piston having a first diameter; a second piston having a second diameter; an elongated body disposed between and attached to each one of the first and second pistons, the body having a longitunal portion with a length that is at least as long as a full piston stroke, the longitudinal portion having a third diameter that is less than the first and second diameters;
  • a cylinder comprising a bore within which the free-floating piston assembly is reciprocable, wherein the bore comprises: a first section with a diameter that is a matched fit with the first diameter; a second section that is a matched fit with the second diameter; and a divider section that is disposed between the first and second sections that is a matched fit with the third diameter; and (c) a fluid recovery system that comprises: a first pair of ring seals spaced apart from each other and disposed around the circumference of the first piston; a second pair of ring seals spaced apart from each other and disposed around the circumference of the second piston; a first one-way fluid conduit disposed within the free-floating piston through which a fluid can flow from a space between the first pair of ring seals to a second chamber defined by a space between the divider section and the second piston; and a second one-way fluid conduit disposed within the free- floating piston through which the fluid can flow from a space between the second pair of ring seals to
  • the first and second one-way fluid conduits can be formed by boring into the solid body of the free-floating piston assembly.
  • the elongated body is hollow, and the fluid conduits are formed, at least in part, by pipes disposed within the hollow interior of the elongated body.
  • Such pipes preferably each comprise an inlet end that is connected to a fluid passage that passes through one of the first and second cylinder heads.
  • the fluid passage communicates with a space between a respective one of the spaced ring seals.
  • the pipe further comprises an outlet end that is connected to a port opening into a respective one of the first and second chambers, as described above.
  • the first and second one-way fluid conduits extend substantially from one end of the elongated body associated with the first piston to an opposite end of the elongated body associated with the second piston.
  • the outlet end of the pipe is always in communication with the chamber with which it is associated, regardless of the position of the free- floating piston assembly.
  • Each one of the one-way fluid conduits preferably comprises a check valve for controlling the direction of flow to allow flow only in the desired direction.
  • the check valves are located proximate to respective outlet ends of the fluid conduits to prevent a significant amount of fluid from filling the conduit between the outlet and the check valve when the associated chamber is undergoing a compression stroke.
  • the apparatus is suitable for recovering a gas or a liquid, although, as described herein, when the fluid is a gas, piping may not be required, and the hollow interior of the elongated body can be employed to convey the recovered gas.
  • the first and second pistons have equal diameters, but the apparatus can also be employed with two pistons that have different diameters.
  • a method for recovering a fluid that leaks within an apparatus comprising a reciprocable double-acting free-floating piston assembly comprises: defining a dynamic boundary to a first chamber with a first piston of the piston assembly; defining a dynamic boundary to a second chamber with a second piston of the piston assembly; capturing the fluid in a first recovery space between a first pair of spaced ring seals that are disposed around the circumference of the first piston, when the fluid leaks from the first chamber; directing the fluid from the first recovery space through a first fluid conduit disposed within the free-floating piston assembly to the second chamber; capturing the fluid in a second recovery space between a second pair of spaced ring seals that are disposed around the circumference of the second piston, when the fluid leaks from the second chamber; and directing the drive fluid from the second recovery space through a fluid conduit disposed within the free-floating piston assembly to the first drive chamber.
  • the method can further comprise: defining a dynamic boundary to a third chamber with the first piston; defining a dynamic boundary to a fourth chamber with the second piston; capturing a second fluid, which leaks from the third chamber, in a third recovery space between a third pair of spaced ring seals that are disposed around the circumference of the first piston; directing the second fluid from the third recovery space through a fluid conduit disposed within the free-floating piston to the fourth chamber; capturing the second fluid, which leaks from a fourth chamber, in a fourth recovery space between a fourth pair of spaced ring seals that are disposed around the circumference of the second piston; and directing the second fluid from the fourth recovery space through a fluid conduit disposed within the free-floating piston assembly to the third chamber.
  • the first fluid is a liquid and the second fluid is a gas.
  • FIG. 1 is a section view of a prior art double acting reciprocating piston apparatus with a free-floating piston
  • FIG. 2 is a section view of an embodiment of an improved double acting reciprocating piston apparatus with a free-floating piston assembly.
  • the apparatus comprises features for recovering fluid that leaks by the piston ring seals. More specifically, the apparatus comprises fluid passages provided within the body of the piston assembly for recovering fluid that leaks from two of the fluid chambers within the apparatus;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial section view of the embodiment of FIG. 2 showing details of the fluid recovery features;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial section view of another embodiment of a double-acting free-floating piston assembly that comprises fluid passages provided within the body of the piston assembly for recovering fluid that leaks from the outer fluid chambers that are between the pistons and respective end flanges.
  • FIGS. 2 through 4 illustrates specific embodiments of the invention, it should not be considered as restricting the spirit or scope of the invention in any way.
  • apparatus 200 comprises a double-acting free-floating piston assembly that is reciprocable within a hollow cylindrical body.
  • the hollow cylindrical body is defined by coaxial cylinders 201 and 202 which each have respective open flanged ends 203 and 204, and closed ends covered by respective end plates 207 and 208.
  • Flanges 203 and 204 are employed to join and align the open ends of cylinders 201 and 202.
  • the free-floating piston assembly comprises pistons 210 and 212 and elongated body 214.
  • Elongated body 214 is disposed between and attached to each one of pistons 210 and 212.
  • Elongated body 214 has a diameter that is less than the diameters of pistons 210 and 212.
  • the length of elongated body 214 is at least as long as a full stroke of the piston assembly.
  • Piston 210 is reciprocable within a bore of cylinder 201 and piston 212 is reciprocable within a bore of cylinder 202.
  • the longitudinal axis of cylinders 201 and 202 and their respective bores are aligned with each other in addition to being aligned with the longitudinal axis of the free-floating piston assembly.
  • Apparatus 200 comprises a pair of drive chambers and a pair of compression chambers.
  • One pair of chambers is outer chambers 220 and 224 defined by spaces within respective cylinders 201 and 202 between respective pistons 210 and 212 and respective end plates 207 and 208.
  • the other pair of chambers is inner chambers
  • inner chambers 222 and 226 defined by the respective annular spaces between elongated body 214 and respective cylinders 201 and 202, between divider 205 and the back sides of respective pistons 210 and 212.
  • the pair of chambers that act as drive chambers depends upon the function of the apparatus.
  • inner chambers 222 and 226 are preferably filled with liquid and outer chambers 220 and 224 are filled with a gas.
  • Apparatus 200 is operable as a pump or compressor in a manner similar to known apparatuses with double-acting free-floating piston assemblies.
  • a sealing arrangement within apparatus 200 provides a method and apparatus for recovering fluid that leaks by a piston ring seal, and returning the recovered fluid to an appropriate chamber within the apparatus. That is, the fluids from the drive and compression chambers are kept apart and recovered liquid is returned to a liquid-filled chamber while recovered gas is returned to a gas-filled chamber.
  • a pair of ring seals disposed around the circumference of piston 210 provides a dynamic seal for containing fluid within inner chamber 222. Ring seal 250 is spaced apart from ring seal 251. During operation, fluid that leaks by ring seal 250 is captured in the space between ring seals 250 and 251. Fluid conduit 252 fluidly connects the space between rings seals 250 and 251 with inner chamber 226.
  • a one-way flow controller such as check valve 253 allows fluid to flow through conduit 252 only in the direction of inner chamber 226.
  • Fluid conduit 252 and check valve 253 are disposed within the body of the free-floating piston assembly.
  • a similar arrangement is provided for recovering fluid that leaks from inner chamber 226.
  • a pair of ring seals disposed around the circumference of piston 212 provides a dynamic seal for containing fluid within inner chamber 226.
  • Ring seal 260 is spaced apart from ring seal 261. During operation, fluid that leaks by ring seal 260 is captured in the space between ring seals 260 and 261.
  • Fluid conduit 262 fluidly connects the space between rings seals 260 and 261 with inner chamber 222.
  • a one-way flow controller, such as check valve 263 allows fluid to flow through conduit 262 only in the direction of inner chamber 222.
  • Pressure alternates between inner chambers 222 and 226.
  • the pressure of the fluid within conduit 252 is higher than the pressure of the fluid within inner chamber 226, and the fluid that leaked from inner chamber 222 is recovered within inner chamber 226.
  • the pressure within inner chamber 226 is higher than the pressure within inner chamber 222, the pressure of the fluid within conduit 262 is higher than the pressure of the fluid within inner chamber 222, and the fluid that leaked from inner chamber 226 is recovered within inner chamber 222.
  • elongated body 214 is hollow, reducing weight and material costs, while also providing a convenient space for conduits 252 and 262.
  • An additional feature shown in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 is a sealing arrangement for recovering gas that leaks from outer chambers 220 and 224.
  • a pair of ring seals disposed around the circumference of piston 210 provides a dynamic seal for containing the gas within outer chamber 220.
  • Ring seal 255 is spaced apart from ring seal 256.
  • Fluid conduit 257 fluidly connects the space between rings seals 255 and 256 with the hollow interior of elongated body 214.
  • Ring seal 265 is spaced apart from ring seal 266. During operation, fluid that leaks by ring seal 265 is caught in the space between ring seals 265 and 266. Fluid conduit 267 fluidly connects the space between rings seals 265 and 266 with the hollow interior of elongated body 214.
  • One-way fluid passage 258 allows gas to flow from the interior of elongated body 214 into outer chamber 220.
  • One-way fluid passage 258 preferably comprises check valve 259 disposed within the piston head of piston 210.
  • One-way fluid passage 268 allows gas to flow from the interior of elongated body 214 into outer chamber 224.
  • One-way fluid passage 268 preferably comprises check valve 269 disposed within the piston head of piston 212. Accordingly, gas that leaks from outer chambers 220 and 224 collects within the interior of elongated body 214 until the gas pressure therein is higher than the gas pressure within one of outer chambers 220 and 224, at which point the gas is recovered within the outer chamber with the lower pressure.
  • FIG. 4 is suitable for an apparatus that fills outer chambers 420 and 424 with a liquid, and inner chamber 422 and 426 with a gas.
  • An example of an apparatus that employs this configuration would be a gas intensifier.
  • a gas intensifier is employed to raise the pressure of a gas to a very high pressure, and so apparatus 400 utilizes the piston surface area differential in favor of the drive fluid. That is, by applying hydraulic fluid pressure to the side of the piston with the larger surface area, the gas can be compressed to higher pressures without raising the pressure of the hydraulic fluid to the same high pressure.
  • Apparatus 400 operates on the same principal as apparatus 200, except that instead of connecting inner chambers 422 and 426, the fluid recovery systems connect outer chambers 420 and 424.
  • Ring seals 455 and 456 are spaced apart from each other and provide dynamic seal between piston 410 and cylinder 401 to contain a fluid within outer chamber 420.
  • Fluid conduit 457 fluidly connects the space between rings seals 455 and 456 with outer chamber 424.
  • a one-way flow controller, such as check valve 458 allows fluid to flow through conduit 457 only in the direction of outer chamber 424.
  • Fluid conduit 457 and check valve 458 are disposed within the body of the free-floating piston assembly. Ring seals 465 and 466, fluid conduit 467, and check valve 468 function in the same manner, but to capture fluid that leaks from outer chamber 424 and direct it to outer chamber 420.
  • Check valves 458 and 468 are preferably disposed within the piston heads of respective pistons 412 and 410.
  • Illustrated apparatus 400 is suitable for filling inner chambers 422 and 426 with a gas.
  • Gas that leaks from inner chamber 422 by ring seal 450 is captured between ring seal 450 and 451 and then directed to the interior of the free-floating piston assembly.
  • gas that leaks from inner chamber 426 by ring seal 460 is captured between ring seal 460 and 461 and then directed to the interior of the free-floating piston assembly.
  • gas pressure within the interior of the free- floating piston assembly is greater than the gas pressure within one of inner chambers 422 and 426, gas is returned to the inner chambers through respective one-way fluid passages 463 or 453.
  • an apparatus can incorporate both fluid passages 252 and 262 of FIGS.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à piston flottant à double effet comprenant deux chambres permettant l'introduction et l'expulsion d'un fluide. L'ensemble piston flottant comprend deux pistons, chaque piston définissant une frontière dynamique avec une chambre respective de la première et de la seconde chambre, ainsi qu'un corps allongé disposé entre les deux pistons et fixé à chacun d'entre eux. Un système de récupération de fluide comprend une première paire de joints annulaires espacés l'un de l'autre et disposés autour de la circonférence du premier piston, un conduit de fluide à écoulement unidirectionnel à travers lequel un fluide peut s'écouler depuis un espace situé entre la première paire de joints annulaires jusqu'à la seconde chambre, une seconde paire de joints annulaires espacés l'un de l'autre et disposés autour de la circonférence du seconde piston, ainsi qu'un conduit de fluide à écoulement unidirectionnel à travers lequel le fluide peut s'écouler depuis un espace situé entre la seconde paire de joints annulaires jusqu'à la première chambre. L'invention concerne également un procédé destiné à capturer un fluide s'échappant d'une première chambre, à diriger ce fluide à travers le corps d'un ensemble piston alternatif, et à récupérer ce fluide dans une seconde chambre.
PCT/CA2003/000440 2002-03-28 2003-03-26 Recuperation d'huile de fuite dans un ensemble piston libre a double effet Ceased WO2003083301A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003212176A AU2003212176A1 (en) 2002-03-28 2003-03-26 Leak oil recovery in a double acting free piston assembly

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2379447 CA2379447A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2002-03-28 Methode et appareil d alignement pour piston a mouvement alternatif a double action
CA2,379,447 2002-03-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003083301A1 true WO2003083301A1 (fr) 2003-10-09

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PCT/CA2003/000440 Ceased WO2003083301A1 (fr) 2002-03-28 2003-03-26 Recuperation d'huile de fuite dans un ensemble piston libre a double effet

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AU (1) AU2003212176A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2379447A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003083301A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005119145A1 (fr) * 2004-05-17 2005-12-15 Hera Usa Inc. Conditionneur d'air a hydrure mecanique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390322A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-06-28 Tadeusz Budzich Lubrication and sealing of a free floating piston of hydraulically driven gas compressor
DE3439458A1 (de) * 1984-01-28 1985-08-08 Carl Still Gmbh & Co Kg, 4350 Recklinghausen Hydraulisch angetriebene hochdruck-kolbenpumpe
US5993170A (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-11-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method for compressing high purity gas

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390322A (en) * 1981-02-10 1983-06-28 Tadeusz Budzich Lubrication and sealing of a free floating piston of hydraulically driven gas compressor
DE3439458A1 (de) * 1984-01-28 1985-08-08 Carl Still Gmbh & Co Kg, 4350 Recklinghausen Hydraulisch angetriebene hochdruck-kolbenpumpe
US5993170A (en) * 1998-04-09 1999-11-30 Applied Materials, Inc. Apparatus and method for compressing high purity gas

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Publication number Publication date
AU2003212176A1 (en) 2003-10-13
CA2379447A1 (fr) 2002-07-31

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