WO2003106909A2 - Echangeur thermique - Google Patents

Echangeur thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003106909A2
WO2003106909A2 PCT/IB2003/002594 IB0302594W WO03106909A2 WO 2003106909 A2 WO2003106909 A2 WO 2003106909A2 IB 0302594 W IB0302594 W IB 0302594W WO 03106909 A2 WO03106909 A2 WO 03106909A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
modular
modular element
depressions
raised parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2003/002594
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2003106909A3 (fr
Inventor
Massimo Gilioli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beckett Thermal Solutions SRL
Original Assignee
Worgas Bruciatori SRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Worgas Bruciatori SRL filed Critical Worgas Bruciatori SRL
Priority to EP03732902A priority Critical patent/EP1511968A2/fr
Priority to AU2003239714A priority patent/AU2003239714A1/en
Publication of WO2003106909A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003106909A2/fr
Publication of WO2003106909A3 publication Critical patent/WO2003106909A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/30—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections
    • F24H1/32—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections with vertical sections arranged side by side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0012—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the apparatus having an annular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a heat exchanger, in particular a gas/liquid heat exchanger for heating appliances consisting of a plurality of modular elements that can be connected to one another serially or in parallel, .that are equipped with an opening wherein a burner can be inserted.
  • each modular element consists of a tubular element wherein a liquid such as water is circulated; the tubular element is equipped at either end with an inlet and an outlet opening respectively and is wound in a configuration with the shape of a cylindrical helix comprising a set number of coils.
  • an opening with a circular shape is defined, through which a burner body can be inserted.
  • a heat exchanger of this type generally consists of a plurality of said modular elements, arranged one after the other along the axis of the cylindrical helix and inserted in a containing element, wherein the connections are made for connecting together the inlet and outlet openings of the tubular elements.
  • the tubular elements can be serially connected together by connecting, by means of connection elements, the outlet opening of each element with the inlet opening of the next element or they can be parallel connected by connecting together the inlet and outlet openings of all the tubular elements.
  • the containing element is also used to guide the fumes produced during burner operation between the coils of the tubular element to maximise heat exchange between said fumes and the liquid that is circulated within the tubular element.
  • each modular element normally comprises a plurality of coils, generally at least three.
  • One aim of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger of the type mentioned above that is cheaper to make, that can have extremely compact transversal dimensions, that enables modular elements to be connected together in an extremely simple and rapid manner, wherein the minimum increase in the power of the exchanger, which can be obtained by adding a modular element, can be reduced to very low values, and which can be made by means of geometries that may even be different from a cylindrical geometry.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a plurality of modular elements that can be connected to one another serially or in parallel, that are equipped with an opening wherein a burner can be inserted, characterised in that each modular element comprises two half shells that are identical to one another, between which a chamber is defined for the circulation of a liquid, said chamber being equipped with at least one opening serving as an inlet for said liquid and at least one opening serving as an outlet for said liquid.
  • the half-shell • structure of the modular elements enables the half shells themselves to be made by : moulding using the same mould, thus significantly reducing production costs.
  • the axial dimension and the transversal dimension of each modular element can be minimised, which enables extremely compact heat exchangers to be made with extremely reduced dimensions, where necessary.
  • the obtainable increase in power of the exchanger can be minimised by adding a modular element to the exchanger, which enables a wider power range to be obtained for the exchangers according to the . invention.
  • each half shell is equipped with connecting elements suitable for facilitating the reciprocal connection of said modular elements.
  • Said connecting elements being preferably constituted of raised and recessed parts distributed on one face . of the half shell intended to be coupled with a corresponding face of a respective half- shell of an adjacent modular element.
  • the raised and recessed ⁇ parts of each half shell being dimensioned in such a way as to be coupled respectively with the recessed and raised parts of a half shell of a respective adjacent modular element.
  • the dimensions of said raised parts and of said recessed parts have been selected in such a way that when the modular elements are assembled together, between each modular element and an element adjacent to it there is a passage in a radial direction through which the fumes produced by said burner can pass to exchange heat with the liquid that circulates in ' said chambers.
  • the arrangement and the shape of the connecting elements enable very simple and rapid assembly of the modular elements to make up a heat exchanger.
  • the passages for the circulation of the fumes are obtained in an extremely simple manner -during the phase of assembly of the modular elements of the exchanger.
  • At least one of said connecting elements communicates with said chamber.
  • Fig. 1 is a front view of a half shell of a modular element of a heat exchanger according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view like the one in Fig. 1 of a first variation of a half shell of a modular element that can be coupled with the half shell in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the cross-section III-III of the half shell in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is the cross-section IV-IV of the half shell in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 5 is an axial cross-section of a modular element made up of two half shells that are coupled together;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-section like the one in Fig. 5 of a first variation of a modular element that can be coupled with the modular- element in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an axial cross-section of an exchanger according to the invention, consisting of a plurality of modular elements that are serially connected together
  • Fig. 8 is an axial cross-section of an exchanger according to the invention, consisting of a plurality of modular elements that are connected together in parallel;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-section like those in Figs 3 and 4 of a second variation of a half shell of a modular element
  • Fig. 10 is an • axial cross-section of a second variation of a modular element that can be obtained by coupling two half shells like those in Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is an axial cross-section of a heat exchanger that can be obtained by serially coupling together a plurality of modular elements like, the one in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 12 is an axial cross-section of a heat exchanger obtained by coupling together in parallel a plurality of modular elements like the .one in Fig. 10;
  • Fig. 13 . is a cross-section like those in Figs 3 and 4 regarding a third variation of a half shell- of a .modular element;
  • Fig. 14 is an axial cross-section of a third variation of a modular element that can be obtained by coupling together two half shells like the one in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is an axial cross-section of a heat exchanger, that can be obtained by serially coupling together a plurality of modular elements like the one in Fig. 14;
  • Fig. 16 is an axial cross-section of a heat exchanger that can be obtained by coupling together in parallel a plurality of modular elements like the one in Fig. 14; ,
  • Figs 17 and 18 are axial cross-sections of a fourth and fifth variation of a modular element according to the invention
  • Fig. 19, 20 and 21 are front views referring respectively to a fourth, fifth and sixth variation of a modular element according to the invention
  • Fig. ' 22 is an axial cross-section . of a heat exchanger according to the invention, inserted into a containing element that defines a route for the circulation of the fumes produced by a burner inserted in the central opening of the heat exchanger;
  • FIG. 23 is the cross-section XXIII-XXIII in Fig. 22.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention consists of a plurality of modular • elements that can be obtained by joining together two half shells, each of which -constitutes one half of the modular element, as will be explained below-.
  • Fig. 1 shows a half shell 1 of a modular element of a heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • Said half shell 1, having a substantially circular shape, • comprises an annular strip 2 that surrounds a central hole 3, which is also substantially circular.
  • One face of said annular strip 2 is equipped with -an external edge 4 and with ⁇ an internal edge 5, both of which are raised, that define an annular- half chamber 6 between them.
  • said annular strip 2 is equipped with -an external edge 4 and with ⁇ an internal edge 5, both of which are raised, that define an annular- half chamber 6 between them.
  • said annular strip 2 .
  • a plurality of raised parts 7 and depressions 8 is distributed at a preferably constant angle. At least one of said raised parts 7 or at least one of said depressions 8 is equipped with a through opening 9, 9a that communicates with said annular half chamber 6.
  • Figs 1 and 3 show a half shell 1 ⁇ wherein a through opening 9 that communicates with the annular half chamber 6 is made in one of the depressions 8.
  • Figs 2 and 4 show, by contrast, a first variation la of a half shell according to the invention wherein a through opening 9a that communicates with the annular half chamber 6 is made in one of the raised parts 7.
  • Fig. 5 shows a modular element 10 of a heat exchanger according to the invention, which is obtained by joining together two half shells 1.
  • the modular element 10 that is thereby obtained has a central hole 11 that is defined by the central holes- 3 of the two half shells 1 that make it ⁇ up.
  • an annular chamber 12 is defined that is made up of the annular half chambers 6 of the two half shells 1.
  • the arrows F show, purely by way of example, the inlet and outlet in the modular element 10 of the fluid that circulates in a heat exchanger that can be made by using said modular elements 10.
  • Fig. 6 shows another modular element 10a, that is similar the modular element 10, that is obtained by joining together two half shells la.
  • the modular elements 10 and 10a can be. connected together by coupling the raised parts 7 of a half .
  • a heat exchanger 13, 13a (Figs 7 and 8) is obtained with a substantially annular shape with a cylindrical central passage 14 wherein a burner can be inserted, as will be explained below.
  • Fig. 7 shows a heat exchanger 13 that is obtained by serially connecting the modular elements -10, 10a, together, i.e. by connecting, the outlet of each modular element 10, 10a with the inlet of the next modular element 10, 10a.
  • the arrows .FI show the route of the fluid inside the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 8 shows a heat exchanger 13a that is obtained by connecting in parallel the modular elements 10, 10a, i.e. by connecting all the inlets and all the outlets of the modular elements 10, 10a.
  • the arrows F2 show the route • of the fluid inside the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 9 shows a second variation lb of a half shell according to the invention wherein only the raised parts 7 are present., in at least one of which a through opening 9a is made for the passage of the fluid.
  • Fig. 10 shows a modular element 10b that is obtained by joining two half shells lb.
  • the arrows F3 show, by way of example, the inlet and outlet of the fluid in- the modular element 10b.
  • Fig. 11 shows a heat exchanger 13b that is obtained by serially connecting together a plurality of modular elements 10b.
  • the arrows F4 show the route of the fluid inside the heat exchanger 13b.
  • Fig. 12 shows a heat exchanger 13c obtained by connecting together • in parallel a plurality of modular elements 10b.
  • the arrows . F5 show the route of the fluid inside the heat exchanger 13c.
  • Fig. 13 shows a third variation lc of a half . shell according to the invention wherein only the depressions 8 are present, in at least one of .which a through opening 9 is made for the passage of the fluid. .
  • Fig. 14 shows a modular element 10c that, is obtained by joining two half shells lc.
  • the arrows F6. show, . by way of example, the inlet and the outlet of the fluid in the modular element 10b.
  • Fig. 15 shows a heat exchanger 13d that is obtained by serially connecting together a plurality of modular elements 10c.
  • the arrows F7 show the route of the fluid inside the. heat exchanger 13d.
  • Fig. 16 shows a heat exchanger 13e obtained by connecting together in parallel a .plurality of modular elements 10b.
  • the arrows F8 show the route of the fluid inside the heat exchanger 13e.
  • Fig. 17 shows a modular element lOd that is similar to the modular element 10a that has the internal edges 5a of the half shells clinched towards the inside of the annular chamber 12.
  • This arrangement has the advantage of preventing the internal edges 5a of the half shells that make up the modular element lOd from being exposed to the high degree of heat generated by the fumes produced by the burner that is inserted .in the heat exchanger, inasmuch as, following clinching, they are located inside the annular chamber 12 wherein the . fluid • of the exchanger, e.g. water, circulates, which is at a much lower temperature than the fumes produced by the burner. It is thus possible to avoid recourse to materials that are very resistant to temperature.
  • Fig. 18 shows a modular element lOe that is similar to the modular element lOd, from which it differs by the fact that it is the external edges 4a of the half shells that make up the modular element lOe that are clinched in- such - a way as to-be inside the annular chamber 12. It is obviously possible to also make a modular element wherein both the external edges 4 and the internal edges 5 of the half shells ' are clinched towards the. inside of the annular chamber 12.
  • Fig. 19 shows a modular element lOf, wherein at least one of said raised parts 7a and at least one of said depressions 8a may have .
  • an elliptic or anyway oblong shape the dimensions of which are greater than those of the other raised parts 7 or depressions 8.
  • An opening 9b which is also elliptic, in shape or at least oblong, for the entry of the fluid into the modular element lOf is made in at least one .
  • Fig. 20 shows a further embodiment of a modular element lOg according to the invention, wherein the annular chamber 12 is equipped with a baffle 22 that forces fluid that enters the inlet opening 9 to travel through the annular chamber 12 in a single direction as far as the outlet opening 9a; in this case it is advantageous to make the outlet opening 9a at the end of the annular chamber 12 • located in the baffle 22 part opposite the part where the inlet opening 9 is located.
  • This solution- has ' the advantage of allowing greater, circulation speed of the fluid in the modular elements lOg and therefore better heat exchange between said fluid -and the fumes produced by the burner 15. Whilst coupling together the modular elements lOg to make a heat exchanger it is advantageous to coordinate the adjacent elements amongst themselves in such a way that the inlet openings- 9. of each modular element lOg are all in the same part of the respective baffle -22. This enables the fluid to - travel in the same direction . in all the modular elements lOg in such a. way as to minimise load losses during the passage of the fluid from one modular element lOg to the next one. Fig.
  • FIG. 21 shows a yet further variation of a modular element lOh, having an approximately oval shape, with two diametrically opposite expansions 25 wherein, on each face of the modular element lOh a raised part 23 and a depression 23a are respectively created that have greater dimensions than the other raised parts 7 and depressions 8.
  • This • enables, .e.g. in the raised part 23, an opening 24 to be made on the first face of • the modular element lOh that has enlarged dimensions for the entry of the fluid into the modular element and, in the depression 23a on a second face of the modular element lOh opposite said first ⁇ face, an opening 24a with enlarged dimensions for the exit of the fluid to be made.
  • FIGs 22 and 23 show a heat exchanger 13 according to the invention coupled with a burner 15, inserted in the central passage 14 of the exchanger 13.
  • the raised parts 7 and the depressions 8 of the modular elements 1-0, 10a of the exchanger 13 are dimensioned in such a way that during coupling of the modular elements 10, - 10a, passages 16 for the fumes produced by the combustion of a fuel burnt in said burner 15 remain defined between adjacent modular elements .10, 10a. .
  • the heat exchanger 13 is completed by a bulkhead 17 that closes the central passage 14 at the end opposite the end from which the burner 15 is inserted.
  • the exchanger 13 with the burner 15 is inserted into a containing element 18 equipped with an opening 19 for inserting the burner 15 into' the central passage 14, and with an outlet conduit 20 for conveying the fumes produced by the burner 15 outside the heat exchanger.
  • the bulkhead- 17 means that the fumes- produced by the burner 15 have to go through the passages 16 between the modular elements 10, 10a of the exchanger 13 before being conveyed to the outlet conduit 20 of the containing element J. 18, as indicated by the arrows F9, the aim of this being to improve the heat exchange between the fumes and the fluid that flows inside the heat exchanger 13.
  • the half shells 1-lc and -therefore the modular elements 10-lOh • shown in the Figs have the shape of an annular strip with a substantially ⁇ circular central hole.
  • the form of the half shells 1-lc and of the modular elements 10-10h may also be elliptic, .with an elliptic central hole; rectangular or square, with a rectangular or square central hole, or yet again polygonal, with a polygonal central hole.
  • the half shells can be connected together, e.g. by brazing, weld-brazing or welding.
  • a heat exchanger according to the invention can also be- made by assembling the half shells and the modular elements together by means of tie rods, with no welding between- the adjacent half shells.
  • seal washers must- be provided to place between the external 4 and internal 5 edges of the half shells of each modular element.
  • the washers placed between the internal edges 5 of the half shells that, are exposed to the high temperatures of the fumes produced by the burner 15 must be made of a material with high resistance ' to heat. This need can- be eliminated by using .half shells .that are provided with an internal edge 5 clinched towards the annular half chamber .6, as in the modular element lOd shown in Fig. 17.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un échangeur thermique (13, 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e) qui comprend plusieurs éléments modulaires (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) susceptibles d'être reliés entre eux en série ou en parallèle. L'échangeur présente une ouverture (3) dans laquelle on peut placer un brûleur (15). Chaque élément modulaire (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) comprend deux demi-coques (1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) entre lesquelles est définie une chambre (12) pour la circulation d'un fluide. Cette chambre (12) est équipée d'au moins une ouverture (9, 9a, 24) laissant entrer le fluide et d'au moins une ouverture (9, 9a, 24) laissant sortir le fluide.
PCT/IB2003/002594 2002-06-13 2003-06-06 Echangeur thermique Ceased WO2003106909A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03732902A EP1511968A2 (fr) 2002-06-13 2003-06-06 Echangeur thermique
AU2003239714A AU2003239714A1 (en) 2002-06-13 2003-06-06 Heat exchanger

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2002MO000163A ITMO20020163A1 (it) 2002-06-13 2002-06-13 Scambiatore di calore
ITMO2002A000163 2002-06-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003106909A2 true WO2003106909A2 (fr) 2003-12-24
WO2003106909A3 WO2003106909A3 (fr) 2004-02-05

Family

ID=11451076

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2003/002594 Ceased WO2003106909A2 (fr) 2002-06-13 2003-06-06 Echangeur thermique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1511968A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003239714A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMO20020163A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003106909A2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1624270A1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-08 Vaillant GmbH Cellule thermique d'un appareil de chauffage
EP1647793A3 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2007-07-18 Teclab S.C.R.L. Récupérateur pour la condensation de fumées
EP1873465A1 (fr) 2006-06-27 2008-01-02 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Echangeur thermique doté de canaux d'écoulement conçus en forme d'anneau
WO2008107760A3 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2009-09-24 Gas Point S.R.L. Chaudière à condensation
EP2189744A3 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2014-02-19 Robert Bosch GmbH Echangeur thermique et appareil de chauffage doté d'un échangeur thermique
WO2015075672A1 (fr) 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Gas Point S.R.L. Échangeur thermique à plaques, en particulier pour chaudières à condensation
EP3413004A4 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2019-09-18 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1339942A (en) * 1970-06-25 1973-12-05 Junkers & Co Gas-fired water heater
US4449485A (en) * 1982-07-20 1984-05-22 Tan P Lu John Separable combination boiler
US5271376A (en) * 1991-08-12 1993-12-21 Rheem Manufacturing Company Serpentined tubular heat exchanger apparatus for a fuel-fired forced air heating furnace

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1624270A1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-08 Vaillant GmbH Cellule thermique d'un appareil de chauffage
EP1647793A3 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2007-07-18 Teclab S.C.R.L. Récupérateur pour la condensation de fumées
EP1873465A1 (fr) 2006-06-27 2008-01-02 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Echangeur thermique doté de canaux d'écoulement conçus en forme d'anneau
WO2008107760A3 (fr) * 2007-03-02 2009-09-24 Gas Point S.R.L. Chaudière à condensation
EP2189744A3 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2014-02-19 Robert Bosch GmbH Echangeur thermique et appareil de chauffage doté d'un échangeur thermique
WO2015075672A1 (fr) 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Gas Point S.R.L. Échangeur thermique à plaques, en particulier pour chaudières à condensation
US10458679B2 (en) 2013-11-20 2019-10-29 Gas Point S.R.L. Plate heat exchanger, in particular for condensing boilers
EP3413004A4 (fr) * 2016-02-05 2019-09-18 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur
US11215401B2 (en) 2016-02-05 2022-01-04 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003239714A1 (en) 2003-12-31
WO2003106909A3 (fr) 2004-02-05
EP1511968A2 (fr) 2005-03-09
AU2003239714A8 (en) 2003-12-31
ITMO20020163A0 (it) 2002-06-13
ITMO20020163A1 (it) 2003-12-15

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