WO2003106913A1 - Smoke projectile - Google Patents

Smoke projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003106913A1
WO2003106913A1 PCT/EP2003/006147 EP0306147W WO03106913A1 WO 2003106913 A1 WO2003106913 A1 WO 2003106913A1 EP 0306147 W EP0306147 W EP 0306147W WO 03106913 A1 WO03106913 A1 WO 03106913A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charge
projectile according
hollow cylinder
mist
stack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2003/006147
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Koch Ernst
Josef Schneider
Thorsten Kothe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Munitionssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AU2003242677A priority Critical patent/AU2003242677B2/en
Priority to US10/517,288 priority patent/US20060060103A1/en
Priority to EP03759933A priority patent/EP1514072B1/en
Priority to DE50301814T priority patent/DE50301814D1/en
Priority to BRPI0311793-6B1A priority patent/BR0311793B1/en
Publication of WO2003106913A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003106913A1/en
Priority to IL165732A priority patent/IL165732A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke impact body with an active charge made of a pyrotechnic active mass for producing an aerosol that emits in the infrared and is impenetrable in the visual.
  • Armored and unarmored vehicles are protected against detection, detection and target tracking using aerosol curtains and thus against the threat of missiles.
  • DE 199 14 097 AI describes a suitable pyro-technical active substance for producing an aerosol which is highly emissive in the infrared and impenetrable in the visual.
  • This active mass develops a camouflage mist that, in addition to being impenetrable in the visible range, also enables long-lasting coverage in the infrared range.
  • the main constituents of this active mass are red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of Alkali metal nitrates and as secondary components at least one transition metal or a metallic compound or alloy thereof, at least one metalloid and a binder.
  • threatening missiles fly at speeds of 200 to 600 m / s, they must be misted very quickly after they are detected.
  • Known throwing bodies only develop their effect after a flight time and a time delay of, for example, 2 s. The vehicle is unprotected during this time.
  • DE 29 08 217 C2 describes a unit charge for fogging vehicles, which has a sleeve filled with fog bodies.
  • the mist bodies have the shape of cylindrical flat discs lying on top of one another with an open center hole.
  • the mist bodies are ejected from the sleeve without being covered. A cross-fading of the line of sight in the infrared range is not provided.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a simply constructed throwing body which is designed in such a way that when ejecting i ⁇ a solid angle there is a rapid cross-fading of the line of sight in the infrared radiation range and in the visual radiation range.
  • the winding charge stack consisting of the hollow cylinder segments is held by the sheath and ejected from a launcher tube, which ensures aerodynamic stability in the initial phase of the flight. This prevents the stack from unfolding directly on the vehicle. Only after a few meters of flight, for example 5 m to 10 m, do the ignited hollow cylinder segments break up the envelope. Due to the lack of aerodynamic cladding, the incoming air reaches into the stack of hollow cylinder segments. As a result, the segments are immediately dispersed, which leads to a large-scale fanning out of the burning hollow cylinder segments in a wide solid angle.
  • an aerosol mist distribution is created very quickly, for example within 0.25 s, which covers the vehicle both in the infrared radiation range and in the visual radiation range against missiles approaching horizontally and in gliding flight.
  • the vehicle has a long period of time available in order to avoid the time of impact of the approaching missile calculated in the vehicle by driving maneuvers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a smoke ejection body with several layers of hollow cylinder segments in an envelope
  • FIG. 2b shows a side view in the direction of the arrows IIb-IIb in FIG. 2a
  • FIG. 3a shows a single hollow cylinder segment in supervision
  • FIG. 3b shows a single hollow cylinder segment in a perspective view
  • FIG. 4 shows a perforated disk of the casing
  • FIG. 5 a film of the wrapping, unwound
  • FIG. 6 shows the smoke ejection body in an ejection device
  • FIG. 7 shows an aerosol mist generated by the smoke ejection body
  • FIG. 8 shows a time diagram of the development of the aerosol mist.
  • a smoke ejection body 1 consists of a hollow cylindrical active charge 2, an ignition charge 3 and an envelope 4 (cf. FIG. 1).
  • the active charge 2 is a stack of a plurality of layers 5 of hollow cylinder segments 6.
  • Each layer 5 is composed of a plurality of hollow cylinder segments 6; there is a cavity 7 in the interior of the active charge stack.
  • each layer 5 is formed by four hollow cylinder segments 6, the segment angle a being 90 °, the individual hollow cylinder segments 6 abutting one another.
  • the segment angle a can also be smaller than 90 °, in which case there are correspondingly more hollow cylinder segments 6 in one position.
  • the diameter d of the cavity 7 is ⁇ 1/6 D, where D is the outer diameter of the active charge stack (cf. FIGS. 1, 2a, 2b).
  • the winding charge stack 2 has a height H which is, for example,> 20 h, where h is the height of a hollow cylinder segment (cf. FIGS. 1, 2b, 3b).
  • the height h is preferably> 1/15 D.
  • the hollow cylinder segments 6 are compressed from a pyrotechnic heat mass, which produce an aerosol which dampens and emits in the infrared radiation range and is impenetrable in the visual field.
  • a pyrotechnic heat mass which produce an aerosol which dampens and emits in the infrared radiation range and is impenetrable in the visual field.
  • Such an active mass is described in DE 199 14 097 AI. It has red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of alkali metal nitrates as the main constituents and at least one transition metal or a metal-rich compound or alloy thereof and at least one metalloid and a binder as secondary constituents.
  • the ignition charge 3, which is used to ignite the hollow cylinder segments 6 via the cavity 7 and can serve as an ejection charge, is a pyrotechnic ignition charge which contains 50 to 80 percent by mass of black powder, 0 to 20% of an organic binder,
  • a metal powder from the group of metals, magnesium, aluminum, boron, zirconium, titanium and 0 to 20% of a combustion moderator based on a transition metal compound, such as CuO, K [Fe 2 (CN) 6 ], (C 5 H 5 ) 2 Fe).
  • the wrapper 4 has a consumable film 8, which consists, for example, of a paper soaked in paraffin.
  • the film 8 holds initially the active charge stack 2 consisting of the hollow cylinder segments 6 together.
  • the film 8 envelops the Wixkladungs pile 2 on the top and on its circumference U corresponding to the diameter D in the entire height H.
  • FIG. 5 shows the film 8 unwound.
  • the film 8 is connected to a disc 9 which rests on the underside of the active charge 2.
  • the disk 9 consists of a press fiber material and has a central opening 10.
  • the diameter dl of the opening 10 is> the diameter d (cf. FIG. 1, FIG. 4).
  • the described smoke ejection body can be inserted into a metallic ejector tube 11 (cf. FIG. 6).
  • Figure 6 shows the arrangement in an exploded state.
  • an electrical ignition element 13 At the bottom 12 of the ejector tube 11 there is an electrical ignition element 13, the electrical contacts 14 of which can be unlocked via a corresponding switching device of the vehicle.
  • the ignition element 13 ignites the ignition charge 3 upon initiation, which can also act as an exhaust charge.
  • the hollow cylinder segments 6 are ignited and the smoke nozzle 1 is ejected.
  • the hollow cylinder segments 6 remain held together by the film 8 in the range between about 5 to 10 m after the start of the gas evolution of the discharge.
  • the active charge stack 2 fuses, separating the hollow cylinder segments 6, and the individual hollow cylinder segments 6 develop after a distance S at a distance from the one to be protected Vehicle F has a fog curtain N, which shields the vehicle F from both missiles K1 threatening in gliding flight and missiles K2 attacking in horizontal flight (cf. FIG. 7).
  • the protective nebula N is developed, for example, within 0.25 s after the vehicle F has recognized and evaluated the threat posed by the missiles K1 and K2.
  • FIG. 8 shows a comparison of known action times and the action time achievable by the projectile according to the invention.
  • t4 is the point in time at which the threatening missile strikes after the calculation of the vehicle F.
  • the fog development W counteracting the threat is reached along line a at time t3, whereas the level of effectiveness achieved with the device described is already reached in line b at time t2. It shows that the time period between t3 and r4 is significantly shorter than the time period between t2 and t4. This means that between t2 and t4 in the threatened vehicle there is a significantly longer time available for avoiding driving maneuvers than between the prior art, for avoiding driving maneuvers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a smoke projectile comprising a pyrotechnic active charge which emits in the infrared range and is impenetrable in the visible range. The aim of the invention is to create a smoke projectile which has a simple design while resulting in the line of sight quickly fading in the infrared and visible radiation range on impact at a wide solid angle. The active charge (2) forms a hollow cylinder-shaped stack which comprises several layers (5) of hollow cylinder segments (6) and is disposed within a burnable outer coating (4).

Description

Nebelwurfkörper A smoke

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Nebelwurfkörper mit einer Wirkladung aus einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung eines im Infraroten emittierenden und im Visuellen undurchdringlichen Aerosols.The invention relates to a smoke impact body with an active charge made of a pyrotechnic active mass for producing an aerosol that emits in the infrared and is impenetrable in the visual.

Gepanzerte und ungepanzerte Fahrzeuge werden mittels Aerosolvorhängen gegen Entdeckung, Erfassung und Zielverfolgung und damit gegen die Bedrohung durch Flugkörper geschützt.Armored and unarmored vehicles are protected against detection, detection and target tracking using aerosol curtains and thus against the threat of missiles.

In der DE 199 14 097 AI ist eine geeignete pyro echnische Wirk asse zur Erzeugung eines im Infraroten stark emissiven und im Visuellen undurchdringlichen Aerosols beschrieben. Diese Wirkmasse entwickelt einen Tarnnebel, der neben der Undurchdringlichkeit im sichtbaren Bereich auch eine lang anhaltende Deckung im Infrarotbereich ermöglicht. Diese Wirkmasse enthält als Hauptbestandteile roten Phosphor, ein Alkalimetallnitrat oder eine Mischung von Alkalimetallnitraten und als Nebenbestandteile mindestens ein Übergangsmetall bzw. eine metallische Verbindung oder Legierung desselben, mindestens ein Metalloid sowie einen Binder.DE 199 14 097 AI describes a suitable pyro-technical active substance for producing an aerosol which is highly emissive in the infrared and impenetrable in the visual. This active mass develops a camouflage mist that, in addition to being impenetrable in the visible range, also enables long-lasting coverage in the infrared range. The main constituents of this active mass are red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of Alkali metal nitrates and as secondary components at least one transition metal or a metallic compound or alloy thereof, at least one metalloid and a binder.

Da die bedrohenden Flugkörper mit Geschwindigkeiten von 200 bis 600 m/s anfliegen, muss nach ihrer Erkennung eine Vemebelung sehr schnell stattfinden. Bekannte Wurfkörper entfalten ihre Wirkung jedoch erst nach einer Flugzeit und Zeitverzögerung von beispielsweise 2 s. In dieser Zeit ist das Fahrzeug ungeschützt.Since the threatening missiles fly at speeds of 200 to 600 m / s, they must be misted very quickly after they are detected. Known throwing bodies only develop their effect after a flight time and a time delay of, for example, 2 s. The vehicle is unprotected during this time.

In der DE 29 08 217 C2 ist eine Einheitsladung zur Nernebelung von Fahrzeugen beschrieben, welche eine mit Nebelkörpern gefüllte Hülse aufweist. Die Nebelkörper weisen die Form zylindrischer aufeinanderliegender flacher Scheiben mit offenem Mittlloch auf. Die Nebelkörper werden ohne Umhüllung aus der Hülse ausgeworfen. Eine Überblendung der Sichtlinie im infraroten Bereich ist nicht vorgesehen.DE 29 08 217 C2 describes a unit charge for fogging vehicles, which has a sleeve filled with fog bodies. The mist bodies have the shape of cylindrical flat discs lying on top of one another with an open center hole. The mist bodies are ejected from the sleeve without being covered. A cross-fading of the line of sight in the infrared range is not provided.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen einfach aufgebauten Nebeiwurfkörper vorzuschlagen, der so gestaltet ist, dass es beim Ausstoß iα einem Raumwinkel zu einer schnellen Überblendung der Sichtlinie im infraroten Strahlungsbereich und im visuellen Strahlungsbereich kommt.The object of the invention is to propose a simply constructed throwing body which is designed in such a way that when ejecting iα a solid angle there is a rapid cross-fading of the line of sight in the infrared radiation range and in the visual radiation range.

Erfindungsgemäß ist obige Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, the above object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Der aus den Hohizylindersegmenten bestehende Wickladungsstapel wird von der Umhüllung gehalten aus einem Werferrohr ausgeworfen, wodurch in der Anfangsphase des Flugs eine aerodynamische Stabilität gewährleistet ist. Dadurch ist verhindert, dass sich der Stapel schon unmittelbar beim Fahrzeug auffaltet. Erst nach einigen Flugmetem, beispielsweise 5 m bis 10 m, brechen die angezündeten Hohlzylindersegmente die Umhüllung auf. Durch die nun fehlende aerodynamische Verkleidung greift die angeströmte Luft in den Stapel der Hohlzylindersegmente. Dadurch werden die Segmente sofort auseinandergetrieben, was zu einer großflächigen Auffächerung der brennenden Hohlzylindersegmente in einem weiten Raumwinkel fuhrt. Dadurch wird sehr schnell, beispielsweise innerhalb von 0,25 s, eine Aerosolnebelverteilung geschaffen, die das Fahrzeug sowohl gegen horizontal als auch im Gleitflug anfliegende Flugkörper im Infrarotstrahlungsbereich und im visuellen Strahlungsbereich verdeckt. Im Fahrzeug steht damit eine im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik lange Zeit zur Verfugung, um durch Fahrmanöver dem im Fahrzeug errechneten Einschlagzeitpunkt des anfliegenden Flugkörpers auszuweichen.The winding charge stack consisting of the hollow cylinder segments is held by the sheath and ejected from a launcher tube, which ensures aerodynamic stability in the initial phase of the flight. This prevents the stack from unfolding directly on the vehicle. Only after a few meters of flight, for example 5 m to 10 m, do the ignited hollow cylinder segments break up the envelope. Due to the lack of aerodynamic cladding, the incoming air reaches into the stack of hollow cylinder segments. As a result, the segments are immediately dispersed, which leads to a large-scale fanning out of the burning hollow cylinder segments in a wide solid angle. As a result, an aerosol mist distribution is created very quickly, for example within 0.25 s, which covers the vehicle both in the infrared radiation range and in the visual radiation range against missiles approaching horizontally and in gliding flight. In comparison to the prior art, the vehicle has a long period of time available in order to avoid the time of impact of the approaching missile calculated in the vehicle by driving maneuvers.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der folgenden Beschreibung. In der Zeichnung zeigen:Advantageous configurations result from the subclaims and the following description. The drawing shows:

Figur 1 einen Nebelwurfkörper mit mehreren Lagen von Hohlzylindersegmenten in einer Umhüllung,FIG. 1 shows a smoke ejection body with several layers of hollow cylinder segments in an envelope,

Figur 2a eine Lage von vier Hohlzylindersegmenten in Aufsicht,2a shows a position of four hollow cylinder segments in supervision,

Figur 2b eine Seitenansicht in Richtung der Pfeile Ilb-IIb der Fig. 2a,FIG. 2b shows a side view in the direction of the arrows IIb-IIb in FIG. 2a,

Figur 3a ein einzelnes Hohlzylindersegment in Aufsicht, Figur 3b ein einzelnes Hohlzylindersegment in perspektivischer Ansicht,3a shows a single hollow cylinder segment in supervision, FIG. 3b shows a single hollow cylinder segment in a perspective view,

Figur 4 eine gelochte Scheibe der Umhüllung,FIG. 4 shows a perforated disk of the casing,

Figur 5 eine Folie der Umhüllung, abgewickelt,FIG. 5 a film of the wrapping, unwound,

Figur 6 den Nebelwurfkörper in einer Auswerfeinrichtung,FIG. 6 shows the smoke ejection body in an ejection device,

Figur 7 einen von dem Nebelwurfkörper erzeugten Aerosolnebel undFIG. 7 shows an aerosol mist generated by the smoke ejection body and

Figur 8 ein Zeitdiagramm der W kungsentwicklung des Aerosolnebels.FIG. 8 shows a time diagram of the development of the aerosol mist.

Ein Nebelwurfkörper 1 besteht aus einer hohlzylindxischen Wirkladung 2, einer Anzündladung 3 und einer Umhüllung 4 (vgl. Fig. 1). Die Wirkladung 2 ist ein Stapel aus einer Vielzahl von Lagen 5 von Hohlzylindersegmenten 6. Jede Lage 5 ist aus mehreren Hohlzylindersegmenten 6 zusammengesetzt, im Innern des Wirkladungsstapels besteht ein Hohlraum 7.A smoke ejection body 1 consists of a hollow cylindrical active charge 2, an ignition charge 3 and an envelope 4 (cf. FIG. 1). The active charge 2 is a stack of a plurality of layers 5 of hollow cylinder segments 6. Each layer 5 is composed of a plurality of hollow cylinder segments 6; there is a cavity 7 in the interior of the active charge stack.

Nach den Figuren 2a, 2b ist jede Lage 5 von vier Hohlzylindersegmenten 6 gebildet, wobei der Segmentwinkel a 90° beträgt, wobei die einzelnen Hohlzylindersegmente 6 aneinanderstoßen. Der Segmentwinkel a kann auch kleiner als 90° sein, wobei dann entsprechend mehr Hohlzylindersegmente 6 in einer Lage liegen.According to FIGS. 2a, 2b, each layer 5 is formed by four hollow cylinder segments 6, the segment angle a being 90 °, the individual hollow cylinder segments 6 abutting one another. The segment angle a can also be smaller than 90 °, in which case there are correspondingly more hollow cylinder segments 6 in one position.

Der Durchmesser d des Hohlraums 7 ist < 1 /6 D, wobei D der Außendurchmesser des Wirkladungsstapels ist (vgl. Fig. 1, Fig. 2a, 2b). Der Wickladungsstapel 2 hat eine Höhe H, die beispielsweise > 20 h ist, wobei h die Höhe eines Hohlzylindersegments ist (vgl. Fig. 1, 2b, 3b).The diameter d of the cavity 7 is <1/6 D, where D is the outer diameter of the active charge stack (cf. FIGS. 1, 2a, 2b). The winding charge stack 2 has a height H which is, for example,> 20 h, where h is the height of a hollow cylinder segment (cf. FIGS. 1, 2b, 3b).

Die Höhe h ist vorzugsweise > 1 / 15 D.The height h is preferably> 1/15 D.

Die Hohlzylindersegmente 6 sind aus einer pyrotechnischen Wkkmasse gestaucht, die einen im infraroten Strahlungsbereich dämpfenden und emittierenden, sowie im Visuellen undurchdringlichen Aerosol erzeugen. Eine derartige Wirkmasse ist in der DE 199 14 097 AI beschrieben. Sie weist als Hauptbestandteile roten Phosphor, ein Alkalimetallnitrat oder eine Mischung von Alkalimetallnitraten und als Nebenbestandteile mindestens ein Übergangsmetall, bzw. eine metallreiche Verbindung oder Legierung desselben und mindestens ein Metalloid sowie einen Binder auf.The hollow cylinder segments 6 are compressed from a pyrotechnic heat mass, which produce an aerosol which dampens and emits in the infrared radiation range and is impenetrable in the visual field. Such an active mass is described in DE 199 14 097 AI. It has red phosphorus, an alkali metal nitrate or a mixture of alkali metal nitrates as the main constituents and at least one transition metal or a metal-rich compound or alloy thereof and at least one metalloid and a binder as secondary constituents.

Die Anzündladung 3, die zum Anzünden der Hohlzylindersegmente 6 über den Hohlraum 7 dient und als Ausstoßladung dienen kann, ist ein pyrotechnischer Anzündsatz, der enthält 50 bis 80 Massenprozent Schwarzpulver, 0 bis 20 % eines organischen Binders,The ignition charge 3, which is used to ignite the hollow cylinder segments 6 via the cavity 7 and can serve as an ejection charge, is a pyrotechnic ignition charge which contains 50 to 80 percent by mass of black powder, 0 to 20% of an organic binder,

0 bis 20 % eines Metallpulvers aus der Gruppe der Metalle, Magnesium, Aluminium, Bor, Zirconium, Titan und 0 bis 20 % eines Abbrandmoderators auf der Basis einer Übergangsmetallverbindung, wie CuO, K[Fe2( CN)6], (C5H5)2Fe).0 to 20% of a metal powder from the group of metals, magnesium, aluminum, boron, zirconium, titanium and 0 to 20% of a combustion moderator based on a transition metal compound, such as CuO, K [Fe 2 (CN) 6 ], (C 5 H 5 ) 2 Fe).

Die Umhüllung 4 weist eine verbrenrüiche Folie 8 auf, die beispielsweise aus einem mit Parafin getränkten Papier bestehr. Die Folie 8 hält anfänglich den aus den Hohlzylindersegmenten 6 bestehenden Wirkladungsstapel 2 zusammen. Die Folie 8 umhüllt den Wixkladungs Stapel 2 an der Oberseite und an seinem dem Durchmesser D entsprechenden Umfang U in der gesamten Höhe H. Figur 5 zeigt die Folie 8 abgewickelt. Die Folie 8 ist mit einer Scheibe 9 verbunden, die an der Unterseite der Wirkladung 2 anliegt.The wrapper 4 has a consumable film 8, which consists, for example, of a paper soaked in paraffin. The film 8 holds initially the active charge stack 2 consisting of the hollow cylinder segments 6 together. The film 8 envelops the Wixkladungs pile 2 on the top and on its circumference U corresponding to the diameter D in the entire height H. FIG. 5 shows the film 8 unwound. The film 8 is connected to a disc 9 which rests on the underside of the active charge 2.

Die Scheibe 9 besteht aus einem Pressfasermaterial und weist eine zentrale Durchbrechung 10 auf. Der Durchmesser dl der Durchbrechung 10 ist > dem Durchmesser d (vgl. Fig. 1, Fig. 4).The disk 9 consists of a press fiber material and has a central opening 10. The diameter dl of the opening 10 is> the diameter d (cf. FIG. 1, FIG. 4).

Der beschriebene Nebelwurfkörper ist in ein metallisches Auswerferrohr 11 einsetzbar (vgl. Fig. 6). Figur 6 zeigt die Anordnung in auseinandergezogenem Zustand. Am Boden 12 des Auswerferrohres 11 ist ein elektrisches Anzündelement 13 angeordnet, dessen elektrischen Kontakte 14 über eine entsprechende Schalteinrichtung des Fahrzeugs aufschließbar sind. Das Anzündelement 13 zündet bei Initiierung die Anzündladung 3 an, die zugleich als Ausstoßladung wirken kann.The described smoke ejection body can be inserted into a metallic ejector tube 11 (cf. FIG. 6). Figure 6 shows the arrangement in an exploded state. At the bottom 12 of the ejector tube 11 there is an electrical ignition element 13, the electrical contacts 14 of which can be unlocked via a corresponding switching device of the vehicle. The ignition element 13 ignites the ignition charge 3 upon initiation, which can also act as an exhaust charge.

Erfolgt die Anzündung, dann werden die Hohlzylindersegmente 6 angezündet und der Nebelwurfkörper 1 wird ausgeworfen. Im Bereich zwischen etwa 5 bis 10 m nach dem Beginn der Gasentwicklung des Ausstoßes bleiben die Hohlzylindersegmente 6 von der Folie 8 zusammengehalten. Nach Abbrand der Folie 8, etwa 5 bis 10 m nach dem Verlassen des fahrzeuggebundenen Auswerferrohres 11, fächert sich der Wirkladungsstapel 2 unter Vereinzelung der Hohlzylindersegmente 6 auf und die einzelnen Hohlzylindersegmente 6 entwickeln nach einer Strecke S in Abstand von dem zu schützenden Fahrzeug F einen Nebelvorhang N, der das Falirzeug F sowohl gegen im Gleitflug bedrohende Flugkörper Kl als auch im Horizontalflug angreifende Flugkörper K2 abschirmt (vgl. Fig. 7).If the ignition takes place, then the hollow cylinder segments 6 are ignited and the smoke nozzle 1 is ejected. The hollow cylinder segments 6 remain held together by the film 8 in the range between about 5 to 10 m after the start of the gas evolution of the discharge. After the film 8 has burned off, approximately 5 to 10 m after leaving the vehicle-mounted ejector tube 11, the active charge stack 2 fuses, separating the hollow cylinder segments 6, and the individual hollow cylinder segments 6 develop after a distance S at a distance from the one to be protected Vehicle F has a fog curtain N, which shields the vehicle F from both missiles K1 threatening in gliding flight and missiles K2 attacking in horizontal flight (cf. FIG. 7).

Die Entwicklung des schützenden Nebels N erfolgt beispielsweise innerhalb von 0,25 s nachdem das Fahrzeug F die Bedrohung durch die Flugkörper Kl und K2 erkannt und ausgewertet hat.The protective nebula N is developed, for example, within 0.25 s after the vehicle F has recognized and evaluated the threat posed by the missiles K1 and K2.

Figur 8 zeigt einen Vergleich bekannter Wirkungszeiten und der durch den erfindungsgemäßen Wurfkörper erreichbaren Wirkungszeit. Zum Zeitpunkt tO wird vom Fahrzeug F die Bedrohung durch einen anfliegenden Flugkörper erkannt und damit ein Auswurf der Nernebelungsei richtung ausgelöst, der dann zum Zeitpunkt t'l erfolgt. t4 ist der Zeitpunkt, bei dem nach der Berechnung des Fahrzeugs F der bedrohende Flugkörper einschlägt.FIG. 8 shows a comparison of known action times and the action time achievable by the projectile according to the invention. At the time tO the threat from the vehicle F recognized by an approaching missile, triggering an ejection of Nernebelungsei direction, then at time t 'occurs l. t4 is the point in time at which the threatening missile strikes after the calculation of the vehicle F.

Nach dem Stand der Technik wird die der Bedrohung entgegenwirkende Nebelentwicklung W nach der Linie a zum Zeitpunkt t3 erreicht, wogegen das mit der beschriebenen Einrichtung erreichte Wirkungsniveau bereits in der Linie b zum Zeitpunkt t2 erreicht wird. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Zeitspanne zwischen t3 und r4 wesentlich kleiner ist als die Zeitspanne zwischen t2 und t4. Dies besagt, dass zwischen t2 und t4 im bedrohten Fahrzeug eine wesentlich länger Zeit für der Bedrohung ausweichende Fahrmanöver zur Verfügung steht als zwischen dem Stand der Technik, bei dem für ausweichendeAccording to the prior art, the fog development W counteracting the threat is reached along line a at time t3, whereas the level of effectiveness achieved with the device described is already reached in line b at time t2. It shows that the time period between t3 and r4 is significantly shorter than the time period between t2 and t4. This means that between t2 and t4 in the threatened vehicle there is a significantly longer time available for avoiding driving maneuvers than between the prior art, for avoiding driving maneuvers

Fahrmanöver nur die Zeit zwischen t3 und t4 zur Verfügung steht. Driving maneuvers only the time between t3 and t4 is available.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Nebelwurfkörper mit einer Wickladung aus einer pyrotechnischen Wirkmasse zur Erzeugung einer im Infraroten emittierenden und im1. Fog projectile with a winding charge from a pyrotechnic active mass to generate an infrared emitting and in Visuellen undurchdringlichen Aerosols, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wirkladung (2) ein Hohlzyünderstapel ist, dass der Stapel aus mehreren Lagen (5) von Hohlzylindersegmenten (6) zusammengesetzt ist und dass der Stapel in einer abbrennbaren, eineVisual impenetrable aerosol, characterized in that the active charge (2) is a hollow cylinder stack, that the stack is composed of several layers (5) of hollow cylinder segments (6) and that the stack is in a combustible one Anzündladung (3) enthaltenden Umhüllung (4) gehalten ist.Ignition charge (3) containing envelope (4) is held. 2. Nebelwurfkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzündladung (3) die unterste Lage des Stapels bildet.2. Mist projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignition charge (3) forms the lowest layer of the stack. 3. Nebelwurfkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (4) eine verbrennbare Folie (8) aufweist.3. Mist projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the covering (4) has a combustible film (8). 4. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (4) aus einer Folie (8) und aus einer unterhalb des Stapels angeordneten Scheibe (9) besteht.4. smoke missile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the covering (4) consists of a film (8) and a disc (9) arranged below the stack. 5. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folie (8) der Umhüllung (4) die Wirkladung (2) am Umfang und an der Oberseite einschließt.5. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (8) of the envelope (4) includes the active charge (2) on the circumference and on the top. 6. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folie (8) aus einem mit Parafin getränkten Papier besteht.6. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (8) consists of a paper soaked with paraffin. 7. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheibe (9) der Umhüllung (4) eine Scheibe aus7. mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disc (9) of the casing (4) is a disc Pressfasermaterial ist.Press fiber material is. 8. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Scheibe (9) der Umhüllung (4) eine Durchbrechung (10) auf eist.8. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disc (9) of the casing (4) has an opening (10) on it. 9. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein elektrisches Anzündelement (13) in die Anzündladung (3) ragt. 9. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrical ignition element (13) projects into the ignition charge (3). 10. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzündladung (3) auch Ausstoßladung ist.10. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ignition charge (3) is also an exhaust charge. 11. Nebelwurfkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dimensionierung so getroffen ist, dass die Umhüllung (4) etwa 5 bis 10 m nach ihrer Flugbahn aufbricht. 11. Mist projectile according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dimensioning is such that the covering (4) breaks open about 5 to 10 m after its trajectory.
PCT/EP2003/006147 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile Ceased WO2003106913A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003242677A AU2003242677B2 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile
US10/517,288 US20060060103A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile
EP03759933A EP1514072B1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 Smoke projectile
DE50301814T DE50301814D1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 A smoke
BRPI0311793-6B1A BR0311793B1 (en) 2002-06-14 2003-06-12 NEBLINA PROJECTIL
IL165732A IL165732A (en) 2002-06-14 2004-12-12 Smoke projectile particularly for using against infrared radiation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10226507A DE10226507A1 (en) 2002-06-14 2002-06-14 A smoke
DE10226507.0 2002-06-14

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WO2003106913A1 true WO2003106913A1 (en) 2003-12-24

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US (1) US20060060103A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1514072B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003242677B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0311793B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10226507A1 (en)
IL (1) IL165732A (en)
MY (1) MY134363A (en)
WO (1) WO2003106913A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200410264B (en)

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EP2405231A2 (en) 2010-07-09 2012-01-11 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Smoke projectile

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DE102006008309B4 (en) * 2006-02-23 2008-03-27 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg A smoke
DE102008033494A1 (en) 2008-07-16 2010-01-21 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg smoke pot
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DE102011009154A1 (en) 2011-01-22 2012-07-26 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for defensive threat by dispending of camouflage smoke, involves utilizing movement grenades for discharging visual camouflage smoke effective masses before attacking unit
DE102014012657B4 (en) * 2014-08-22 2019-12-19 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Active body with an active mass and a covering
DE102015004306A1 (en) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg A smoke
US10926273B2 (en) 2019-01-31 2021-02-23 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Systems and methods for modifying an infrared signature of a vehicle

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Also Published As

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MY134363A (en) 2007-12-31
EP1514072B1 (en) 2005-11-30
EP1514072A1 (en) 2005-03-16
DE50301814D1 (en) 2006-01-05
BR0311793A (en) 2005-03-15
IL165732A (en) 2010-11-30
BR0311793B1 (en) 2013-12-31
AU2003242677A1 (en) 2003-12-31
IL165732A0 (en) 2006-01-15
ZA200410264B (en) 2007-07-25
DE10226507A1 (en) 2003-12-24
US20060060103A1 (en) 2006-03-23
AU2003242677B2 (en) 2009-03-26

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