WO2003107582A2 - Procede pour decoder des codes espace-temps lineaires dans un systeme de transmission sans fil multi-antennes, et decodeur mettant en oeuvre un tel procede - Google Patents
Procede pour decoder des codes espace-temps lineaires dans un systeme de transmission sans fil multi-antennes, et decodeur mettant en oeuvre un tel procede Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003107582A2 WO2003107582A2 PCT/FR2003/001783 FR0301783W WO03107582A2 WO 2003107582 A2 WO2003107582 A2 WO 2003107582A2 FR 0301783 W FR0301783 W FR 0301783W WO 03107582 A2 WO03107582 A2 WO 03107582A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for decoding linear space-time codes in a multi-antenna wireless transmission system. It also relates to a decoder implementing this method.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of radio transmission or broadcasting of digital data, or of sampled analog data, in particular in the case of transmission with mobiles or even more generally, in the case of a network.
- local wireless or not More specifically, the invention can in particular be applied when it is desired to make high speed wireless transmissions.
- a first category of application relates to cellular communication systems with mobiles such as UMTS for example.
- a second category of application concerns local wireless networks.
- a third category of application is that of future ad hoc networks.
- the present invention aims to develop a new linear space-time decoder achieving a compromise between the interference cancellation technique and the maximum likelihood technique.
- the invention targets performances very close to the maximum likelihood technique with a simplified implementation compared to that of interference cancellation algorithms.
- the above objectives are achieved with an iterative method for decoding a set of N sampled signals in a space-time communication system with M transmit antennas and N receive antennas.
- the N signals are processed at time intervals T corresponding to the time length of the linear space-time code associated with the transmission signals.
- the sampled signals received are represented in the form of a signal matrix Y.
- Y HX + (1) in which X is the space-time code word transmitted and is represented by a rectangular matrix with M rows and T columns, H is the matrix of the channel and is represented by a rectangular matrix with N rows and M columns, and finally W is the noise, represented by a rectangular matrix with N rows and T columns.
- the coefficients of the matrix X depend linearly on the information symbols to be transmitted, i.e. the coefficients of the transmitted matrix, Xj_ j with i going from 1 to M and j going from 1 to T are written in the form MT
- any linear time space code that is to say such that the transmitted words X have their coefficients i j which can be put in the preceding form, can be decoded by the method according to the invention.
- H is a matrix (NT, MT) having on the diagonal T times the matrix H, the other coefficients being zero.
- Equation (2) is then equivalent to equation (1) and constitutes the vectorized version. It is on this version that the decoder of the invention will apply. Now just define the extended channel matrix
- Y is a column vector with NT components
- C is an NTxMT matrix
- S is the column vector of symbols with MT components
- W is the noise column vector with NT components.
- the invention comprises the following steps: - Pre-processing of the vector Y to maximize the signal to noise + interference ratio so as to obtain a signal 7 e , subtraction of the signal 7 e by a signal z £ by means of a subtractor, the signal z e being obtained by a postprocessing of reconstruction of the interference between symbols from the symbols estimated during the previous iteration, detection of the signal generated by the subtractor so as to obtain, for the current iteration , the estimation of the symbols of the signals transmitted.
- the preprocessing step can be carried out by operating a matrix multiplication between the signal vector Y and a matrix B, the matrix B being updated at each iteration.
- the post-processing step can also be carried out by operating a matrix multiplication between the vector of the symbols estimated during the previous iteration and a matrix D, the matrix D being updated at each iteration.
- a normalized correlation coefficient p is calculated, the updating of a matrix being obtained by determining new coefficients of the matrix as a function of the correlation coefficient obtained for the previous iteration.
- the N signals are processed by time intervals T corresponding to the time length of the linear space-time code associated with the transmission signals, and the preprocessing step involves the matrix B to maximize the signal-to-noise + interference ratio whose transfer function is
- l iteration index
- p normalized correlation coefficient between the real symbols and the estimated symbols
- N 0 variance of the noise
- Es average energy of a symbol
- C extended channel matrix.
- the post-processing step can involve a matrix D for the reconstruction of the interference between symbols whose transfer function is:
- the role of matrix B is to maximize the signal / (noise + interference) ratio.
- the vector z is empty.
- a representation of the vector of symbols S can be such that the k th symbol is:
- the matrix B always maximizes the SINR ratio.
- the matrix D will mimic the interference between symbol, ie / j., C (emitted) during the previous iteration at the level of the signal r leaving the matrix B.
- the subtractor makes it possible to subtract this interference.
- the invention is a decoder capable of adapting to linear space-time codes, whatever they may be, that is to say it makes it possible to decode any code such that the transmitted sequences are written as a linear combination information symbols.
- the matrices B and D depend on the correlation coefficient which is different for each iteration. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, to determine the correlation coefficient p e , at each iteration:
- the probability of symbol error Pr is calculated, for example at the input of the threshold detector, from the signal to interference ratio SINR e ; and we then calculate the correlation coefficient ⁇ c from the probability of symbol error Pr.
- SINR e signal to interference ratio
- the correlation coefficient p is thus approximated as precisely as possible.
- linear modulation for example for the system BPSK encoding ("Binary phase Shift Keying") or use tables indicating the probability of error as a function of the signal to noise ratio. Indeed, according to the complexity of the probability of error by symbol it may be interesting to tabulate the formula directly.
- the threshold detector detects one of the closest neighbors of the symbol emitted.
- the signal leaving the subtractor can be introduced into a decoder with flexible inputs.
- the information symbols can be elements of a constellation resulting from an amplitude modulation in quadrature MAQ, or QAM in English.
- a space-time decoder for decoding a signal vector Y obtained from N signals sampled in a space-time communication system with M transmit antennas and N receive antennas, with N greater than or equal to M, in order to obtain an estimation of the symbols of the signals transmitted.
- this decoder comprises: a module for preprocessing the vector Y to maximize the signal to noise + interference ratio so as to obtain a signal r e , a subtractor for subtracting a signal z 1 from the signal a post-processing module for reconstructing the interference between symbols from the symbols estimated during the previous iteration so as to generate the signal z £ , a threshold detector for detecting the signal generated by the subtractor so to obtain, for the current iteration, the estimation of the symbols of the signals transmitted.
- pre-processing and post-processing modules can be matrices, B and D, according to the formulas indicated above.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating some elements of a transmission chain within a transmitter and a receiver, the space-time decoder according to the invention being integrated in the receiver;
- FIG. 2 is a general diagram illustrating the architecture of the space-time decoder according to the invention.
- - Figure 3 is a general block diagram of the decoder according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 a transmitter 1 provided with a plurality of antennas 7.
- the transmitter 1 comprises in particular upstream of the antennas, an error correcting coder 3 followed by a linear space-time coder 4.
- the decoder according to the invention is suitable for applying to any linear space-time code, that is to say codes such that the sequences transmitted are written as a linear combination of the symbols of information.
- the signals transmitted by the antennas 7 are picked up by a plurality of antennas 8 within a receiver 2.
- the signals received are processed within a space-time decoder 5 according to the invention so as to estimate the symbols of the signals transmitted.
- the space-time decoder 5 has a flexible output to which a flexible input decoder is connected to decode error correcting codes such as convolutional codes, turbo-codes, Reed-Solo code on, ...; decoding can be done by a Viterbi algorithm, a MAP algorithm
- FIG. 2 illustrates a general diagram of the architecture of the space-time decoder according to the invention.
- This decoder implements an iterative method making it possible to determine the information symbols S following a firm decision generated by a threshold detector 10.
- the space-time decoder according to the invention also generates information symbols to following a flexible decision able to be injected into the decoder 6 with flexible inputs, the signal injected being the signal obtained during the last iteration.
- the architecture of the decoder according to the invention mainly involves two modules B and D injecting their output signals into a subtractor 9.
- the subtractor 9 generates an information symbol vector following a flexible decision, these symbols being then detected by the threshold detector 10 in order to obtain symbols estimated by firm decision.
- the two modules B and D represent matrix products of their input signals by the matrices B c and D e , the index l reflecting the current iteration.
- the module B receives as an input the signal Y coming from the antennas 8.
- the product of the matrix BL by
- Y is a signal r 'from which we subtract the signal z e from the matrix product of the matrix D e by the signal S rl .
- the detector generates the hard decision S from S which results in iteration l by:
- the first step to be implemented in the iterated decoder consists in determining the matrices B e and D e such that the mean square error at the input of the threshold detector is as small as possible. It is defined in iteration 1 by the quantity:
- the shape of the matrix D e is intuitively satisfactory.
- n i - ⁇ L will be low and consequently a weaker weighting will be applied to the estimator of the inter symbol interference subtracted from r 1 .
- s l ⁇ is an excellent estimate of s, then ⁇ -1 - »let almost all inter-symbol interference is subtracted from ⁇ l .
- ⁇ e denotes the value, at iteration £, of the correlation between the symbols detected at iteration £, s ⁇ and the symbols actually emitted. This correlation is therefore
- the matrix B e is a signal shaping matrix. At the zero iteration, we see that B e is the linear decoder which minimizes the mean square error. When the correlation becomes large (tends towards 1), the role of the matrix B £ becomes marginal.
- the role of the matrix D £ is to subtract from the current information symbol the interference due to the other information symbols. Its role is marginal to zero iteration, but as confidence in the detected symbols â e increases, its role becomes crucial.
- the calculation of the correlation requires the calculation of the signal on interference report at iteration £, SINR £ .
- This signal to interference ratio (“Signal to Interference Noise Ratio" in English) is first calculated according to the correlation in the previous step £ -1.
- the architecture of the decoder according to the invention shows flexible decisions at the output of the subtractor 9. These decisions are used at the final iteration. They can be injected into a decoder with flexible inputs 6. By noting L the final iteration, we can approximate $ by the following equation:
- the decoder with flexible or weighted inputs is a Viterbi algorithm, it will only have to minimize the Euclidean distance between g and KS on all the words of the error correcting code.
- FIG. 3 shows a general block diagram of the decoder according to the invention.
- the decoding module 11 comprises the elements B, D, 9 and 10 of FIG. 2. There is indeed the vector Y at the input, and a flexible output g (output of the subtractor 9) as well as the output s e (output of the threshold detector 10).
- This module 12 receives as input the matrix H (estimation of the transmission channel) and the variance N 0 . It can generate as an output the correlation coefficient which can be used to interrupt the iterations or for any other use.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Noise Elimination (AREA)
- Radio Transmission System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/517,026 US7330519B2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-13 | Method for decoding linear space-time codes in a multiple-antenna wireless transmission system and decoder therefor |
| AU2003260588A AU2003260588A1 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-13 | Method for decoding linear space-time codes in a multiple-antenna wireless transmission system, and decoder therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0207331A FR2841068B1 (fr) | 2002-06-14 | 2002-06-14 | Procede pour decoder des codes espace-temps lineaires dans un systeme de transmission sans fil multi-antennes, et decodeur mettant en oeuvre un tel procede |
| FR02/07331 | 2002-06-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003107582A2 true WO2003107582A2 (fr) | 2003-12-24 |
| WO2003107582A3 WO2003107582A3 (fr) | 2004-04-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2003/001783 Ceased WO2003107582A2 (fr) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-06-13 | Procede pour decoder des codes espace-temps lineaires dans un systeme de transmission sans fil multi-antennes, et decodeur mettant en oeuvre un tel procede |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7330519B2 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2003260588A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2841068B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003107582A2 (fr) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003260588A8 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
| WO2003107582A3 (fr) | 2004-04-15 |
| US20060050804A1 (en) | 2006-03-09 |
| FR2841068A1 (fr) | 2003-12-19 |
| AU2003260588A1 (en) | 2003-12-31 |
| US7330519B2 (en) | 2008-02-12 |
| FR2841068B1 (fr) | 2004-09-24 |
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