WO2004015380A9 - Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. - Google Patents
Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004015380A9 WO2004015380A9 PCT/FR2002/002662 FR0202662W WO2004015380A9 WO 2004015380 A9 WO2004015380 A9 WO 2004015380A9 FR 0202662 W FR0202662 W FR 0202662W WO 2004015380 A9 WO2004015380 A9 WO 2004015380A9
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- color
- volume
- voxellized
- given
- feasibility
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/462—Computing operations in or between colour spaces; Colour management systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/465—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters taking into account the colour perception of the eye; using tristimulus detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of pigment combination (s), in particular for the production of tinting systems.
- a first step consists in making a tinting base, that is to say a finished paint which has the desired appearance, texture, chemical class, etc. characteristics.
- a second step consists in mixing with this tinting base pigment pastes, sometimes called dyes, having a relatively high pigment concentration, so as to add the pigments necessary for achieving the desired shade.
- the quantity of pigment pastes which is added to the base to be tinted must be relatively small, namely of the order of 2 to 24% relative to the total quantity. paint expressed by weight or volume, depending on the bases and pigment pastes.
- the low rate of "authorized" pigment pastes obliges the manufacturer to pre-condition, for a single quality of paint, several bases to tint generally comprising a single pigment. in various quantity and quality.
- the manufacturer will then supply the distributor with several types of pigment pastes that the distributor will mix with the base to be tinted so as to obtain the paint color he wishes.
- Tinting systems have recently been developed which make it possible to color paints of various qualities, conditioned, by using a tinting machine capable of producing, directly on the sales site, mixtures of colored components. More in particular, a tinting system on the sales site consists of a line of paint products, each of which consists of a set of tinting bases, in different packaging, capable of being tinted by adding pigment pastes.
- the tinting machine makes it possible to distribute, by generally volume impulses, sometimes by weight, the pigment pastes in the tinting base according to a given operating mode, called a recipe.
- the manufacturer must therefore provide the distributor, for each quality of his product line, not only the bases to be tinted, calibrated in color and coloring strength, and the pigment pastes, calibrated in the same way, but also the recipes for the different colors referenced in the majority of color charts on the market, that is to say collections of color illustrations.
- the paint manufacturer, owner of the tinting system is required to provide, and therefore to design in the laboratory, the recipes describing the proportions of the components, in order to reproduce a maximum number of colors illustrated on the color charts on the market.
- Each recipe search requires, to date, human intervention which does not meet the demand quantitatively, nor to make the most of the capacity of the tinting machines.
- the result is a deep discrepancy between, on the one hand, the ever increasing needs of distributors and, on the other hand, the small number of color recipes available as a result of the processes currently used by manufacturers.
- computerization and the increase in the number of usable machines have increased production capacity for colors.
- the present invention aims to overcome this lack of the prior art by providing a method for quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of a pigment combination, so as to allow, subsequently, the production of a large number of recipes.
- colorimetric potential is meant all of the possible combinations in a given tinting system between the pigment pastes and the tinting bases. Generally, it is accepted, according to Grasman's law, that a color can be characterized by three values, for example clarity, tone and liveliness, which can be compared to three dimensions. As a result, each color can be represented by a point in a three-dimensional space, a point which will hereinafter be called "color point”.
- a pigment combination can be represented in a three-dimensional space by the "geometric location" defined by the set of color dots capable of being obtained from the pigments composing said combination.
- this place will consist of a curve segment and, in the case of a combination of three pigments, this place will be a surface.
- this place will consist of a volume.
- the present invention provides a method for quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of a pigment combination made up of at least four pigments, including a black and a white, each of which is defined by three values and can thus be represented.
- a point called "primary color point” said pigment combination being, for its part, represented by a volume delimited by faces which are contiguous, two by two, at the level of bounded edges, each, by a couple of primary color dots
- said method comprising a step of splitting said volume, characterized in that said color space is determined by defining the geometric location of each pair of pigments, to unite said locations in a new geometric location and to voxellize said new geometric location, all of the resulting solid voxels corresponding to all of the shades capable of being obtained from said pigment combination, and each full voxel corresponding to a determined proportion between the pigments, by virtue of which said method is a method of quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of the pigment composition.
- the white is generally provided by this support so that the pigment composition constituted "of at least four pigments among which a black and a white "may, in practice, include only three pigments.
- the fractionation of the volume sector in EP 0 619 876 in fact involves several successive fractionations, in particular a fractionation in isoluminance planes (one of which is represented in Figure 3 of EP 0 619 876) then a fractionation into ring sectors ( Figure 4) of each fraction thus obtained.
- a single fractionation is carried out which determines voxels (cubes) full or lit, that is to say totally included in the geometrical place, and voxels which are either completely outside the geometrical place, either partially outside, and called empty or extinct voxels.
- Each full voxel corresponds to a shade and a recipe allowing the corresponding shade to be produced from the chromatic components underlying the definition of the geometric location.
- Each voxel therefore gives not only qualitative information, but also quantitative information.
- EP 0 619 876 only gives qualitative information, however, since each ring sector corresponds to a shade of a color chart, without a corresponding recipe.
- the implementation of the process which is the subject of the present invention supposes that the geometrical location corresponding to the given pigment combination has been defined in a standardized color space. To do this, each of the at least four pigments of said pigment combination is represented in said color space by its own color point called "primary", all of these points defining a volume whose shape of edges and faces remains to be defined.
- the method preferably used consists, after having previously evaluated the factors K and S of the basic pigments, to virtually produce, for each pair of pigments of said pigment combination, a set of mixtures by varying by one step regular the relative concentrations of each of the two pigments, to calculate the values of K and S of each of said mixtures, to deduce therefrom its spectral factor of reflection, to calculate the coordinates tristimulus X, Y and Z and to transpose them into units of said space normalized colorimetric in order to be able to represent each of said mixtures in the form of a point, called "secondary color point", in said standard colorimetric space, and to draw the segment of curve which joins together the primary color points of the pair of pigments concerned with, between them, all the secondary color points obtained, said curve segment constituting the sought edge.
- K and S values correspond respectively to the spectral absorption factor and the spectral diffusion factor.
- K and S obeying the law of Kubel a Munk, we can substitute the Beer-Lambert coefficients when it comes to applications using tinctures.
- the preferred variation step for the production of the various mixtures is between approximately 1/16 and approximately 1/64, and is preferably 1/32.
- the pairs of secondary color points are used which, on each of said edges, correspond to pairs of combinations of pigments having the same concentration relative to this given pigment, and a set of mixtures is made for each of these couples in the same manner as described above.
- the voxellization of a volume, or of a space consists in expressing said volume, or space, in voxels, that is to say in a matrix of cubes which can be visualized in a three-dimensional image. This matrix makes it possible to define the parts included ("full” voxels) and not included ("empty” voxels) in this volume.
- the expression in voxels of a three-dimensional image is analogous to the expression in pixels of a two-dimensional image.
- standard color space any three-dimensional space containing the shades of single pigment materials constituting a collection of basic chromatic components and all the shades achievable by mixing these materials.
- standard color space any three-dimensional space containing the shades of single pigment materials constituting a collection of basic chromatic components and all the shades achievable by mixing these materials.
- the method according to the invention uses the CIELab space as space normalized colorimetric and voxellise said geometrical place in cubes of side ⁇ E 0 , where ⁇ E ⁇ E 0 represents the unit of voxellization.
- the CIELab space is defined by the ISO DIS 7724/3 standard, corresponding to the French standard NF X 08-
- the method which is the subject of the present invention consists in circumscribing said geometric location in a rectangular parallelepiped whose vertices are defined by the points (L * maximum, a * maximum), (L * maximum, b * maximum), (L * maximum, a * minimum), (L * maximum, b * minimum), (L * minimum, a * maximum), (L * minimum, b * maximum), (L * minimum, a * minimal), (L * minimal, b * minimal) of said geometrical location and to voxellize said rectangular parallelepiped so that the edges of the cubes are, as the case may be, parallel or perpendicular to the edges of said parallelepiped.
- this step is carried out in two stages, namely the search for the maxima and minima for the set of points carried by the edges of the geometrical place in two of the three landmarks of the CIELab space, the landmarks a and b for example. .
- the coordinates a * minimum, a * maximum, b * minimum and b * maximum are thus determined which correspond to the vertices of the surface circumscribing the geometrical location in said plane ab.
- the projection of this surface is carried out according to the third dimension, namely the dimension L, which makes it possible to obtain the correspondence L * minimum and L * maximum of the points determined previously. We thus obtain the coordinates of the vertices of the parallelepiped circumscribing the geometrical place in space Lab.
- the present invention relates to the application of the method defined above for evaluation quantitative of the colorimetric potential to the quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of a tinting system capable of achieving a plurality of pigment combinations, application which consists in defining the geometric places of each of said pigment combinations, in uniting said places in a new geometric place and to voxellise said new geometrical place, thus obtaining the voxellized volume of the system to be tinted, all the resulting solid voxels corresponding to all of the tints, to the dimension of the voxel close, capable of being produced by said tinting system .
- the new geometrical place thus defined corresponds, in practice, to the union of the set of all the possible geometrical places between, on the one hand, the bases to tint of the play of bases and, on the other hand, the pigment pastes of the palette that equips the tinting machine.
- the present invention also relates to the application of the method defined above of quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential to the determination of the number of shades separated by a given difference and achievable by a tinting system, which comprises the steps consisting of: ⁇ ) implementation of the method for evaluating the colorimetric potential of the system to be tinted as described above, ⁇ ) determining the desired color difference ⁇ E X between two neighboring colors, and ⁇ ) determining the number of shades distant from this ⁇ E X in the standardized space by applying the following formula:
- N L / [ ⁇ E O / ⁇ E 3
- N is the number of shades sought
- ⁇ E 0 represents the voxellization unit
- L is the geometrical place voxellized in cubes of side ⁇ E 0 , in the normalized space
- ⁇ E JL represents the desired difference between two neighboring colors in the standardized space.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to take these elements into consideration by using the notion of generic system and of client system.
- a generic system is a theoretical system in which all the parameters of the system are taken into account. These parameters are, for example, the nature of the palette of pigment pastes and tinting bases, the volume of the distribution pulse, the intended use for each product, their packaging, the desired opacifying character, etc.
- a client system constitutes a practical system, forming a subset of the generic system, which takes up the specific parameters making it possible to obtain the applications or qualities desired by the client.
- the method according to the invention allows the identification of an optimal recipe corresponding to a given shade, in the sense that, according to one of its aspects, it consists, in a tinting system the quantitative evaluation of which has been made as indicated above, to link each full voxel to a recipe by geometrical place to which said voxel belongs and, in the case where, to the same voxel, correspond several possible recipes, to choose among these recipes the one which is best suited to the field of intended use for said shade.
- the process which is the subject of the present invention by authorizing the creation of a generic system, makes it possible to determine the fundamental parameters of the generic system before having definitively chosen the palette of pigment pastes, or designed the set of bases to be tinted.
- the present invention also relates to the application of the method of quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential which is the subject of it to the evaluation of the feasibility of a shade by a given tinting system, application which consists to determine the coordinates of the color point corresponding to said color in the CIELab space and to check whether the voxel corresponding to said color point thus obtained is included in the voxellized volume of said system to be tinted.
- this evaluation of the feasibility of a given color chart by a given tinting system consists in determining the coordinates in the CIELab space of all the color points corresponding to each shade of said color chart, represent the volume corresponding to all the points thus obtained and to voxellize it, and compare the voxellized volume of the color chart with the voxellized volume of said system to be tinted, and, - if the voxellized volume of the color chart is included in the voxellized volume of the system to tint, to declare the feasibility rate equal to 1;
- voxellized volume of the color chart is not included in the voxellized volume of the system to be tinted, to determine the intersection between said two volumes, and i) if there is no intersection, to declare the rate of feasibility equal to 0, ii) if there is an intersection, to determine the volume resulting from the difference (voxellized volume of the color chart - voxellized volume of the system), and to declare the feasibility rate equal to (voxellized volume of the color chart - voxellized volume of the system) / voxellized volume of the color chart.
- the evaluation of the feasibility of all or part of a color chart given by a given tinting system consists in separately determining the feasibility of each shade or certain shades of said color chart by the shade system of as described above. Compared to the previous process, it is more suited to the needs of distributors who have to determine the feasibility, using a given tinting system, particular shades from a color chart given according to customer requests.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to compare two tinting systems and / or two color charts with each other.
- the first method which is only qualitative, consists in searching in a color chart offered by a given paint manufacturer for the shade corresponding to that which one wishes to reproduce and, from the corresponding references, in mixing the raw materials supplied by the manufacturer in question and according to the recipe also supplied by him.
- this method of proceeding although being the most used today, is not satisfactory because the color charts are not completely reliable. Indeed, the same color chart is printed in multiple copies, and this results for the same color differences depending on whether said color chart was printed at the beginning or at the end of a series, depending on the quality of the ink used, etc.
- this method does not take into account the wear and tear of the color chart, the colors of which change over time.
- a first technique consists in measuring, directly on the sample, the X, Y and Z values characterizing it, using a spectrophotometer for example. This technique is not entirely satisfactory either because it is too dependent on the make and model of the measuring device used.
- a second technique consists in transmitting, no longer measured values, but directly the hue via its X, Y and Z values.
- ICC profiles International Color Consortium
- Such a calibration certainly makes it possible to reduce the dispersion factor between the original image and the transmitted image, but there remains nonetheless an uncontrollable difference between these two images.
- the ICC profile refers to a constant illuminant of the device, or to the white balance which is substituted for it, and therefore does not take into account the drift, always possible over time, of the illuminant of the material, no more than it is not applicable to digital cameras or web cams, the illuminating image varying with each shot.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention aims to remedy the color differences which may appear between the original colors and those obtained after a succession of representations by different devices or peripherals, and to do this, it plans to transmit said shade accompanied, at each stage, by a reference system of which the variations between all the stages of representation are known.
- a correction factor for the same shade of the reference frame between each stage of the representation it is possible to determine a correction factor for the same shade of the reference frame between each stage of the representation and to apply this same factor to the shade that one wishes to transfer.
- this process consists in:
- the correction vector is evaluated from the so-called mathematical definition of the morphisms of vector spaces with convergent sequence (evs), or by any other algorithm applicable to the topology of spaces.
- the process according to the invention is different and more specifies that the one using the ICC profiles for the transfer of a color between various computer peripherals, and becomes compulsory when said peripheral is of the digital camera type because, in this case, not only the nature of the illuminant is unknown, but also the tristimulus X, Y and Z values of the primary colors of the device, required for the determination of the ICC profile, are also indeterminable.
- color chart it is necessary to understand a set of colors of which we know, for a reference illuminant, the values X, Y and Z of each of the colors, thus making it possible to correct them from one device to another, and to extrapolate these corrections to all the colors for the reference illuminant.
- This charter can be assimilated to a working standard within the meaning of quality assurance standards.
- Such a method makes it possible to envisage applications in networks, in which a shade, or simply a colored object, is photographed digitally with a color chart, all the data is then transferred, in any manner whatsoever, to a display screen, and due to the presence of a reproduction of the known color chart, it is easy to determine the X, Y and Z coordinates of the tint, or of the color of the object, which one wish to match.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention comprises the additional steps which consist in: transposing said values X, Y and Z into units L, a and b,
- the present invention contemplates carrying out the steps described above by computer means, such as software sold on CD-ROM or floppy disk (s), or downloaded or distributed. Thanks to all the arrangements proposed by the invention, it becomes possible to obtain a colored product, in accordance with quality assurance procedures, of the color characterizing a sample, by transferring the information over a remote network, in particular for the supply of color paints using a tinting system, according to the following steps:
- the method according to the invention using an identification of colors from a digital photograph, has the advantage of allowing in particular:
- interference reflections for example, pearly objects
- this retrieval comprises the following steps: - the establishment of a measurement file of a repository for each of a first and a second device, thus obtaining a first and a second repository, in X , Y, Z;
- FIG. 1 is a representation, in the CIELab space, of the geometrical location of the possible pigment compositions between four pigments;
- Figure 2 illustrates the voxellization of the geometric location of Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the definition of the shape of the edges and faces of the geometric location of Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 illustrates the schematic diagram of color measurement using a digital camera.
- Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of a pigment combination made up of four pigments, a white W, a black B and two chromatic Cl and C2. These four pigments are represented respectively by the four primary color points W, B, Cl and C2 in the CIELab space, and thus constitute a volume which will be called VCQP (for Volume of a Pigmentary Quaternary Combination).
- W Cl C2 for Volume of a Pigmentary Quaternary Combination
- FIG. 3 One face, W Cl C2, of said VCQP is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 in the form of a triangle flat for simplicity, and for clarity of design and presentation.
- each mixture thus obtained can be represented by a point, called "secondary color point" (W, Cl) S 1/32 , (W, Cl) S 1 / 1S , (, Cl) S 3/32 , etc. , in said standard color space.
- each variation of 1/32 of the respective concentrations of each of the two pigments makes it possible to determine, respectively according to the laws of Kubelka Munk and Beer-Lambert, the values of the coefficients K and S in the case of pigments (paints , inks, plastics, cosmetics, etc.) and the value of the transmission coefficient in the case of textile dyes. From these coefficients, the spectral reflection factor is calculated and then, from this, the X, Y and Z coordinates corresponding to each mixture. It only remains to transpose said coordinates X, Y and Z into coordinates L, a and b.
- the edge, C1 is the curve segment which joins the different secondary color points (W, Cl) Si / 32 , (W, Cl) S 1/16 , (W, Cl) S 332 , etc. thus obtained at the primary color points W and Cl.
- the same operation is then repeated for the other edges, namely, C2, B, C2, B, C1 and C2, C1.
- the next step is to define the areas delimited by said edges.
- the pairs of secondary color points are used, for example ( W, Cl) S 1/32 and (W, C2) S 1/32 which, on each of said edges, correspond to pairs of combinations of pigments having the same relative concentration of this given pigment W and we realize, for each of these couples, a set of mixtures in the same manner as described above.
- Voxellization consists in fragmenting said parallelepiped P into cubes of ⁇ E tolerated from the side.
- some voxels, such as VI are entirely outside of the VCQP and are said to be "empty” or “extinct”.
- Others, such as V2 are fully contained in the VCQP and are said to be "full” or "on”.
- the invention makes it possible to detect and eliminate duplicates within the same tinting system or between two different tinting systems.
- box 1 represents a monitor
- box 2 a measurement step performed by means of an emission spectrophotometer, belonging to a "profiler" system, on the empty screen of said monitor
- box 3 the ICC profile data of the monitor as provided by said profiler.
- a profiler is a set of devices used to calibrate monitors and output the ICC profile.
- Box 4 represents a color reference frame
- box 5 a measurement step performed on each color of said reference frame, using a reflection spectrophotometer
- box 6 the color data of the reference frame in X, Y, Z specific to the device used to measure the colors of the reference frame.
- box 7 By implementing the method according to the invention (box 7), from the data of the ICC profile of the monitor (box 3) and color data from the repository X, Y, Z (box 6), one obtains (box 8) the color data of the frame of reference in R, G, B of the monitor 1, the frame of reference as displayed on the monitor 1 from the data measured and processed by the method according to the invention, appearing in box 9.
- a digital photograph, side by side, of the product presenting the shade (s) to be matched and of the color reference frame is made (box 10).
- the resulting photograph is displayed (box 10) on the monitor 1 and, from the photo of the reference system as displayed (box 12) and of the reference system displayed on the monitor 1 from the measurements processed (box 9), a matrix of correction vectors is calculated (one per color).
- the resulting matrix (box 14) makes it possible to correct (box 15) the colors of the photo as displayed on the screen (11), thus obtaining a corrected photo (box 16). From the ICC profile data of the monitor 1 and the corrected photo 16, using the method 7, the X, Y, Z restitution of all the colors of the photo is obtained (box 17).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002341011A AU2002341011A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Method for the quantitative evaluation of the colorimetric potential of a pigment composition and applications thereof |
| PCT/FR2002/002662 WO2004015380A1 (fr) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. |
| EP02774832A EP1525441A1 (fr) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2002/002662 WO2004015380A1 (fr) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004015380A1 WO2004015380A1 (fr) | 2004-02-19 |
| WO2004015380A9 true WO2004015380A9 (fr) | 2004-04-08 |
Family
ID=31502913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2002/002662 Ceased WO2004015380A1 (fr) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-07-25 | Procede d'evaluation quantitative du potentiel colorimetrique d'une composition pigmentaire et applications. |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1525441A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2002341011A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2004015380A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10613727B2 (en) | 2016-02-19 | 2020-04-07 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Color and texture match ratings for optimal match selection |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2577670B1 (fr) * | 1985-02-15 | 1987-10-16 | Guillemin Jean Pierre | Procede et appareillage permettant de contretyper une teinte a partir d'une collection de teintes de base |
| DE59206940D1 (de) * | 1991-08-07 | 1996-09-26 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Mehrfarbendruck und Herstellung einer Farbmittelmischung |
| FR2685769B1 (fr) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-04-01 | Guillemin Jean Pierre | Procede de realisation d'un nuancier par fractionnement d'un espace colorimetrique, nuancier resultant et applications. |
-
2002
- 2002-07-25 EP EP02774832A patent/EP1525441A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-25 WO PCT/FR2002/002662 patent/WO2004015380A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2002-07-25 AU AU2002341011A patent/AU2002341011A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004015380A1 (fr) | 2004-02-19 |
| EP1525441A1 (fr) | 2005-04-27 |
| AU2002341011A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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