WO2004077041A1 - 核酸濃度定量分析チップ、核酸濃度定量分析装置および核酸濃度定量分析方法 - Google Patents
核酸濃度定量分析チップ、核酸濃度定量分析装置および核酸濃度定量分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004077041A1 WO2004077041A1 PCT/JP2004/002205 JP2004002205W WO2004077041A1 WO 2004077041 A1 WO2004077041 A1 WO 2004077041A1 JP 2004002205 W JP2004002205 W JP 2004002205W WO 2004077041 A1 WO2004077041 A1 WO 2004077041A1
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
- C12M1/34—Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters
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- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502715—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by interfacing components, e.g. fluidic, electrical, optical or mechanical interfaces
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
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- B01J2219/00596—Solid-phase processes
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- B01J2219/00653—Making arrays on substantially continuous surfaces the compounds being bound to electrodes embedded in or on the solid supports
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- B01J2219/00659—Two-dimensional arrays
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- B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
- B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
- B01J2219/0072—Organic compounds
- B01J2219/00722—Nucleotides
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- B01L2200/148—Specific details about calibrations
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- B01L2300/024—Storing results with means integrated into the container
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- B01L2300/0627—Sensor or part of a sensor is integrated
- B01L2300/0636—Integrated biosensor, microarrays
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- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6834—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
- C12Q1/6837—Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase using probe arrays or probe chips
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- C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
- C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
- C40B40/00—Libraries per se, e.g. arrays, mixtures
- C40B40/04—Libraries containing only organic compounds
- C40B40/06—Libraries containing nucleotides or polynucleotides, or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- Nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip Nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device, and nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method
- the present invention relates to a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip, a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device, and a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method for quantitatively analyzing the concentration of a target nucleic acid contained in a sample.
- the A chip did not provide sufficient qualitative and dynamic ranges.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip, a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device, and a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method for measuring a nucleic acid concentration with high accuracy over a wide dynamic range.
- a nucleic acid probe having a target nucleic acid and an S-phase nucleic acid is solidified, and a plurality of nucleic acid sensors each having a different sensor area, and a first detection of a ⁇ m nucleic acid sensor
- a first normalization unit for normalizing a signal with respect to a sensor area, wherein the nucleic acid concentration direct analysis chip is provided.
- a nucleic acid probe having a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid is immobilized, and a plurality of nucleic acid sensors each having a different sensor area are provided.
- the nucleic acid probes are not immobilized, and each has a different sensor area, and the first detection signal of the nucleic acid sensor and the sensor of the nucleic acid sensor of In are added to the sensor volume.
- a first voltage conversion section for converting the first output signal current of the second voltage into a voltage
- a second current-voltage conversion section for converting the voltage of the second output signal of the second normalization section.
- An A / D conversion unit that generates a second digital data by performing A / D conversion, and a subtraction unit that subtracts the second digital data from the first digital data.
- a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer characterized by comprising:
- a nucleic acid probe having a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid is immobilized, and a plurality of nucleic acid sensors each having a different sensor area are provided.
- a back ground level sensor in which one sensor is not fixed and each has a different sensor area, and a normalization of 1 in which the first detection signal of the IU nucleic acid sensor is normalized with respect to the sensor area And the knock signal and the second detection signal of the level sensor.
- a second current-to-voltage converter that converts the output signal current of the second current-to-voltage into a voltage, and subtracts a second output voltage of the second current-to-voltage converter from the first output voltage of the first current-to-voltage converter.
- a nucleic acid concentration quantification analyzer comprising: a subtraction unit; and an A / D conversion unit for A / D converting a third output voltage of the subtraction unit.
- a nucleic acid probe having a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid is immobilized, and a plurality of nucleic acid sensors each having a different sensor area, and the nucleic acid probe is immobilized. And a back ground level sensor, each having a different sensor area, and a second detection signal of the back ground level sensor from a first detection signal of the nucleic acid sensor.
- a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip comprising: a subtraction section for performing subtraction; and a normalization section for normalizing a subtraction output signal of the subtraction section with respect to a sensor area.
- a plurality of nucleic acid sensors on each of which a nucleic acid probe having a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid is immobilized, and each of which has a different sensor area, and detection of the nucleic acid sensor A nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip including: a first normalization unit that normalizes a signal with respect to a sensor area and outputs a normalized signal; and a nucleic acid concentration calculator that calculates a nucleic acid concentration based on the normalized signal.
- a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer characterized by the following.
- a nucleic acid probe having a nucleic acid complementary to a target nucleic acid is immobilized, and detection signals of a plurality of nucleic acid sensors each having a different sensor area are provided for each sensor.
- a nucleic acid concentration is calculated based on the normalized signal, and a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing the entire configuration of a nucleic acid concentration analyzer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a modified example of the external configuration of the nucleic acid detection tip according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a measurement circuit of the nucleic acid detection chip according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a detailed configuration of the module according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of the improved module according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of an element cross-sectional view of the chip for nucleic acid detection according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the electrode area of the working electrode according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a detection result using the public sequence according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of the nucleic acid concentration analyzer according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an example of a specific calibration process according to the embodiment. Search chart.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing details of a current value acquisition process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing details of the measurement processing according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a circuit for performing normalization according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a nucleic acid detection chip according to a modified example of the nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration example of a circuit including the subtraction circuit according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a view showing a modified example of the subtraction circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an analysis process using the chip with electrodes for measuring background according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a detailed flowchart of the current value acquisition operation according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram of a nucleic acid detection chip according to a further modification of the embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart of an analysis process using the tip with a saturation level calibration electrode according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a detailed flowchart of a current value and bit pattern acquisition operation according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a detailed processing flowchart of a measurement process (s 2) using the tip with a saturation level calibration electrode according to the same embodiment.
- Figure 23 shows changes in the electrode arrangement of the three-electrode system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a plan view of a further variation of the electrode arrangement according to the
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a compensation circuit according to the
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a compensation circuit according to the
- Figure 27 is an upper m diagram showing a modified example of the nucleic acid detection chip according to the
- FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a flowchart of an example of a saturation level, knock ground level and threshold decision algorithm according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 30 is a view showing a modified example of the module according to the embodiment.
- Fig. 31 is a conceptual diagram of the ijl flow detection circuit and the normalization circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining the problem of the background current according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit configuration for solving the problem according to the
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of the current-voltage conversion circuit according to the IP] embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of the current-voltage conversion circuit according to the PJ embodiment.
- FIG. 36 shows an example of the current-voltage conversion circuit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 37 shows an example of the current-voltage conversion circuit according to the embodiment.
- 38 is a view showing an example of the configuration of a module according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a view showing an example of a configuration of a module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 2 is a diagram showing an example of configuration of the capacitor C b according to the embodiment
- FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining an overlap factor y according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 44 is a view showing a cross section of a main part of a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip according to the same embodiment.
- FIG. 46 is a view for explaining a nucleic acid concentration range according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 47 is a diagram showing the detection graph according to the embodiment in more detail.
- FIG. 48 is a view showing a graph example in which the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region according to the embodiment is changed.
- FIGS. 49 to 81 show configuration examples of the chip according to the embodiment.
- FIGS. 82 to 85 show examples of functional blocks of the nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of FIG. As shown in Fig. 1, the nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer 1 has an analyzer housing 11 and a nucleic acid detection chip 1
- This nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer 1 is an analyzer housing.
- the analysis garment housing 11 includes a liquid sending Z temperature controller 111, a chip Z housing interface 111, an arithmetic processing unit 113, a control mechanism 114, ' ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 rf
- Liquid transfer / ik R3 ⁇ 4 device 1 1 1 consists of a liquid feeder and a temperature controller.
- the liquid feeder sends a chemical solution such as a buffer and a filler for the nucleic acid detection chip 12 and wastes the chemical solution from the nucleic acid detection chip 12 5.
- the temperature controller 3 ⁇ 4ff includes a heater and a cooler ⁇ for adjusting the temperature of each sensor 12 a of the nucleic acid detection chip 12.
- the temperature control device detects the temperature sensor (not shown).
- the chip / housing interface 111 is a nucleic acid detection chip
- the chip / housing interface 1 1 2 that can be supplied to the electronic circuit in 1 2 is obtained from the chip 12 for nucleic acid detection. That the processing unit 1 1 3 for outputting various electrical signals to the processing location 1 1 3 brother e.g. Nono 0 over Sonanore n emissions Manipulator with Interview one wood printer off E Ichisu 1 1 ⁇ device 1 1 6 and It realizes the same function as one.
- Arithmetic processing 1 13 is a CPU, etc.
- the user interface 1 15 is an arithmetic processing unit consisting of keys, keyboards, mouses, and other input devices and displays.
- the program stored in 113 is read out from the device 116 and executed.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 performs various analysis processes of the measured values and functions as an analysis unit.
- the processing a such as fitting of the measured peak value can be performed.
- the obtained analysis processing data is stored in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a modified example of the external configuration of the nucleic acid detection chip 12 capable of low-noise measurement in which the measurement circuit used in the present embodiment is integrated.
- the sensor 12 a has an array shape.
- the field ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ nucleic acid detection chip 12 of the modification of FIG. 2 has a linear chip shape.
- a linear groove is provided on the surface of the chip body 121. This groove functions as a flow path 1 2 2 for accommodating and flowing chemicals, etc. This flow path 1 2
- the chip body 1 2 1 functions as a cell for generating a gasochemical reaction such as a no reaction or an ionization reaction between the sample solution and the probe nucleic acid.
- the chip body 1 2 1 ⁇ Both the flow path 1 2 2 have an elongated shape along the direction in which the chemical solution flows.
- the length of the chip body 1 2 1 in the longitudinal direction is 25 to 50 mH, and is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, that is, the width in the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the chemical solution or the air flows.
- a plurality of electrolysis electrodes 123 are linearly arranged.
- the four electrolysis electrodes 123 are arranged at approximately equal intervals, for example, at an interval of about 2 mm.
- Each of the plurality of electrodes for electrolysis 123 functions as a sensor for detecting various electrochemical reactions.
- the electrode for electrolysis 123 includes a set of a working electrode, a counter electrode, and a reference electrode as described later.
- one counter electrode or one reference electrode may be arranged for multiple working electrodes, or one working electrode, one counter electrode and one reference electrode may be arranged corresponding to each other.
- the chemical solution layer may flow backward from 22 b to the channel end 1 22 a, but in any case, the chemical solution or air flows from the first to the other end along the longitudinal direction.
- each of the bonding pads 124 provided with the pads 124 is electrically connected to the electrolysis electrodes 123 in the chip main body 122 and laid.
- the chip-to-casing interface 112 is electrically connected to the bonding pad 124 for measurement.
- a DNA chip for detecting nucleic acids For example, a DNA chip for detecting nucleic acids
- the operation of flowing the solution into and out of the electrode surface functioning as the sensor on the chip that is, the solution sending operation, must be performed. If the flow path for this liquid transfer is too large, the total amount of the sample will be large.
- the sensors are arranged on the chip as a secondary 70-shaped array, the flow path is meandered. A wide channel must be provided i%. In the meandering narrow flow path, the fluid resistance applied to the chemical flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side becomes large, and the efficiency of the liquid sending is significantly impaired. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, the chip body
- the solution outlet of the spotting glow pot used to drop the probe nucleic acid onto the chip is also one-dimensionally divided into four aggregates of the decomposition electrodes 1 2 3 in the flow path 1 2 2. Positioning This allows all the probe nucleic acids to be dropped in a single alignment. As a result, the step manufacturing process can be made more efficient.
- two are parallel to the groove 120 a of the chip holding cassette 120 for holding the nucleic acid detection chip 12, for example, as shown in FIG. 28.
- the tip 12 for nucleic acid detection is inserted and fixed in the substrate, and the chip surface is sealed with a glass plate or the like via rubber for solution sealing 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the measurement circuit of the nucleic acid detection chip 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the interface inside chip 12 is 04 002205
- a D / A converter 1334 a D / A converter 1334, a plurality of modules 135, a selector 1336, and a ./D converter 1337 are integrated.
- the interface 13 sends and receives electric signals to and from the outside of the chip.
- the chip control circuit 13 2 is connected to the measurement signal generation circuit 13 3 and the selector 1 based on the measurement start command given from the outside of the chip 12 via the interface 13 1.
- the measurement signal generation circuit 13 3 performs voltage sweep based on the command of the chip control circuit 13 2 More specifically, the measurement signal generation circuit 13 3 generates a digital voltage sweep signal.
- DZA converter 1 DZA converter 1
- the D / A converter 13 4 D / A converts the digital voltage sweep signal into an analog measurement signal and outputs it to a plurality of modules 13 5.
- Various measurement circuits are integrated in the module 13.
- This measurement circuit can be a three-electrode system such as a potentiometer / stat, a circuit that controls the voltage applied to the solution system, a circuit that copies the current output from the probe and converts it to a voltage, Circuit for round signal subtraction. ,
- the configuration of the module 13 can be changed in various ways according to the measurement method and the purpose of the measurement.For example, processing equivalent to subtraction without including the background signal subtraction circuit Arithmetic processing unit 1
- the sensor 13 may be assigned. That is, in this case, the sensor 13 includes a normal sensor, a sensor 12a including a knock ground level detection sensor, and a sensor 12a.
- a normalizing circuit for normalizing the output of the normalizing circuit, and a current-to-voltage converting circuit for current-to-voltage conversion of the normalized output of the normalizing circuit are arranged.
- the measurement data is output to the outside of the nucleic acid detection chip 12 via the DA / D counter 13 7 and the interface 13 1. It is output to the arithmetic processing unit 113 via the chip / body interface 111.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 receives the measurement data from the chip / casing interface 112 from the normal measurement counter from the normal sensor, and outputs the data from the normal sensor. Subtract the ground measurement signal from the sensor for detecting the level
- the detection circuit detects the current resulting from the electrolysis of the intercalating agent.
- the detection circuit performs current-to-voltage conversion, and detects the detection result as a detection signal.
- Director 1 3
- the selector 1336 is connected to the chip control circuit 132. PT / JP2004 / 002205
- the 1337 A / D converts the measurement signal and outputs it as a digital detection signal to the outside of the chip via the interface 13 1.
- the procedure for performing the electrolysis measurement inside the nucleic acid detection chip 12 and sending it out of the chip is shown in FIG. This is performed by the noble air inside the chip 1 2.
- extraction of peaks from data taken out of the chip, comparison with a threshold value, and comparison with a bit number (a zero- turn acquisition number) and comparison with a function table are performed until the diffusion concentration contained in the sample is output, as shown in the figure. This is performed by software in the arithmetic processing unit 1 13 in the analyzer housing 1 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the detailed configuration of the module 135. This module 13 5 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier as.
- This potentiostat is introduced by changing the voltage at the counter electrode 142 so that the voltage at the reference electrode 144 with respect to the working electrode 141 is set to a predetermined characteristic.
- the oxidation current of the agent is measured electrochemically.
- a set of electrodes of the working electrode 14 1, the counter electrode 14 2, and the reference electrode 14 3 will be referred to as a three-electrode system 140.
- the working electrode 141 is an electrode for a sensor on which a probe nucleic acid 100 having a target complementary nucleic acid complementary to the target nucleic acid can be immobilized, and is an electrode for detecting a reaction current in the cell.
- the counter electrode 142 is an electrode that supplies a current to the sensor by applying a voltage between itself and the working electrode 141.
- Reference electrode 1 4 3 is the same as reference electrode 1 4 3 and working electrode
- the electrode potential is used to negatively feed back the electrode potential to the input of the sweep voltage.
- the voltage sweep signal from the D / A converter 13 4 is applied via the wiring 15 2 b to the operational amplifier 15 5 for controlling the reference voltage of the reference electrode 14 3.
- the resistor R s is connected to the wiring 15 2 b. Operational amplification
- the non-inverting input terminal of 1 5 2 is grounded, and the output terminal is wired 1 4
- the wiring 144 a is in contact with the counter electrode 142 on the nucleic acid detection chip 12.
- wirings 142 a are connected in parallel to the respective counter electrodes 142, whereby a plurality of counter electrodes 142 are provided by one voltage pattern.
- a voltage can sometimes be applied to the opposite electrode 14 2.
- a set of feedback circuits consisting of operational amplifiers 15 2 and 15 3 is placed for one working electrode 14 1 for the sensor. . This place ⁇ A
- the reference electrode 1 4 3 is connected to the operational amplifier 1 Connected to inverting input terminal.
- the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 153 is short-circuited by the wiring 153b and the wiring 153a connected to the output terminal.
- a resistor R f is provided on the wiring 15 3 b.
- the wiring 15 3 b is connected between the resistance R s of the wiring 15 2 b and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 2. This ensures that the voltage sweep signal V i n, to input the voltage of the reference electrode 1 4 3 was full I over Dobakku voltage to the operational amplifier 1 5 2.
- the voltage between the reference electrode 144 and the working electrode 141 is controlled based on the output obtained by inverting and amplifying the input voltage.
- the working electrode 141 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 151 via the wiring 141a.
- the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 is grounded.
- the wiring 15 1 c connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 and the wiring 14 1 a are connected by the wiring 15 1 a.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a module 150 obtained by improving the module 135 shown in FIG.
- the same components as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the circuit configuration on the voltage application side consisting of the counter electrode 144 and the reference electrode 144 is the same as in Fig. 4.
- no resistor is used on the working electrode 141 side, and instead of the resistor R w provided on the working electrode 141 side, the operational amplifier 15 1 and 6 transistors are used.
- a Ml to M6 force, a different circuit power, and a different current detection circuit are used.
- M l is a PMOS transistor PT / JP2004 / 002205
- Module 1 35 shown in Fig. 4 contains disadvantageous elements for efficient circuit integration.
- the disadvantage is the resistance R w .
- the trans-impedance amplifier circuit composed of the resistor R w and the operational amplifier 15 1 has an extremely general configuration. In other words, this transimpedance amplifier circuit realizes an operation of keeping the potential of the working electrode 141 constant irrespective of the surrounding conditions such as a solution and a circuit, and generates a current from the working electrode 141.
- This is a circuit that allows the electrode to be taken out freely without changing the potential of the electrode 141, and is generally used for electrolysis measurement.
- this resistor must be selected so that the element itself generates low noise. And its resistance must also be large.
- FIG. 5 a current detection circuit that does not use a resistance element is provided.
- the output terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 is connected to the gates of the transistors M 1 and M 2.
- the wiring 151a connected to the working electrode 1441 is connected to the source of the transistor Ml and the source of the transistor M2.
- the transistors Ml and M2 The wire is entangled with the wiring 15 1 a and the transistor ⁇
- the drain of 1 is connected to the drain and the drain of transistor M3.
- the source of transistor M3 is connected to the negative power supply of 1 Vs, and the gate is connected to the drain of transistor M5 and the drain of transistor ⁇ 3. This short circuit causes the transistors 3 and
- M5 has a current mirror structure
- the source of transistor M5 is connected to the -V source, and the drain is connected to the drain of transistor M6.
- the gate of transistor M6 is shorted to the gate and drain of transistor M4. Also, the h transistors ⁇ 4 and ⁇
- the source of 6 is connected to the positive power supply of + V s, so that the transistor M 4 and the transistor M 6 have a power mirror structure.
- the direction in which the current I flows in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 5, that is, the opening flowing from the working electrode 141 to the current detection circuit side, and the flow flowing to the transistor M5 are extracted to the output side. Conversely, when a current flows from the current detection circuit side to the working electrode 141 side in a direction opposite to the arrow in the figure, a current flowing through the transistor M6 is extracted. The current is measured with an ammeter 154
- each of the transconductances from the ultra-transistor M1 to the ⁇ 6 is respectively] 3! , ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- amplification includes not only amplification at a magnification of 1 ⁇ but also amplification at 1 ⁇ .
- the operation of the circuit shown in Fig. 5 will be explained by taking the observation of the oxidation current as an example.
- Transistor M 1 is turned on. As a result, a current flows through the h transistor M3. The potential of the wiring 15a is subjected to negative feedback and is fixed at the ground potential.
- the current flowing through ⁇ 3 is copied to transistor M5.
- the current flowing through the transistor M5 can be measured with the ammeter 154.
- the current detection circuit on the working electrode 141 side has the opposite characteristic of the oxidation current in the positive and negative directions. That is, the potential of the wiring 1 tJ 1. Side is lower than the potential of the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier cloth 151 by the voltage drop caused by the current.
- the transistor ⁇ 2 is turned on. As a result, a current flows through the transistor M4.
- the current flowing through the transistor 4 is copied to the transistor M6.
- the current flowing through the transistor M6 can be freely extracted by the current meter 154.
- ⁇ ⁇ OS is used in the case of the N-type substrate process
- ⁇ ⁇ OS is completely used in the case of the ⁇ -type substrate process.
- the need to separate elements can be achieved by some processes, but it is not always necessary to completely separate them.
- the poti of transistor ⁇ 1 is directly connected to the positive power supply.
- Equivalent circuit functions are also realized with this circuit.
- the same circuit function is realized even if the pod of h transistor ⁇ 2 is directly connected to the negative source.
- it is desirable to realize the field e 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ as accurately as possible.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a cross-sectional view of the element of the nucleic acid detection chip 12 including the working electrode 14 1. As shown in FIG.
- an I-type circuit has a standard C ⁇ o
- a circuit composed of an insulating film, a semiconductor film, a metal film, and the like is formed on the Si substrate 161. Shen plate 1 6 1 inside
- a phenol oxide film 16 3 for separating the individual elements is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 16 1 having the 62 formed thereon.
- diffusion layers 1666a and 16Db which are shallower than the well 162, are formed.
- a gate oxide film 165 is formed on the entire surface of the Si substrate 161 including the upper surface of the field oxide film 163.
- a gate electrode 167 is formed between the diffusion layers 166a and 166b and on the gate oxide film 165.
- An interlayer insulating film 168 is formed so as to cover the upper surface and side surfaces of 7.
- a first contact plug 169i made of a metal such as A1 or Cu is electrically connected to the gate electrode 167.
- a first layer wiring 169 2 is formed to extend over the interlayer insulating film 168.
- first contour click Prakan grayed 1 6 9 and the first layer wiring 1 6 9 good, including 2 of the top surface and side surface etc.
- a second contact plug 17 1 made of a metal such as A 1 or Cu is connected so as to be electrically connected to the first layer wiring 16 9 2 .
- the second layer wiring 1 7 1 2 is formed by extending to the top of the interlayer insulating film 1 7 0.
- the interlayer insulating film 1 7 2 including a second co pointer click preparative plug 1 7 1 ⁇ Pi second layer wiring 1 7 1 2 of the upper surface ⁇ Pi side, the interlayer insulating film 1 7 2 formed Being done.
- the interlayer insulating film 1 7 2 in earthenware pots by electrically connected to the layer wiring 1 7 1 2, groove (hereinafter, referred to as small groove portion) is formed.
- small groove portion one small groove is not divided by BX, but a plurality of grooves are actually provided with the number of electrodes and the number of electrodes being J-centered.
- a nomination film 1991 is formed so as to cover the interlayer insulating film 172.
- the groove formed by the insulating film 194 (hereinafter referred to as the large groove) is formed on the bottom surface of the small groove from the side surface and outside the small groove. So that it extends to the surface.
- T i electrode 19 and Au electrode 193 are sequentially laminated and embedded and formed.- Probe nucleic acid 1 on Au electrode 193 of ⁇
- a field oxide film 163 having a thickness of, for example, 800 nm is formed on a part of the Si substrate 161 using the LOCOS process.
- a well 162 is formed on the surface of the Si substrate 161 through steps such as impurity ion implantation and diffusion.
- a polysilicon film having a thickness of, for example, 5001 is formed on the good oxide film 165.
- the polysilicon film on the device formation region is selectively removed to selectively leave the HV silicon film on the device formation region. It functions as the gate electrode 16 7.
- the gate electrode 1667 selectively left on the element formation region is used as a mask, and through a process such as impurity ion implantation and diffusion, the diffusion layer 1666a is formed in the well 1662.
- the diffusion layers 1D6a and 1666b and the gate electrode 1667 are used to form the diffusion layers 166a and 166b.
- a transistor is formed.
- an interlayer insulating film 168 such as BPSG having a thickness of, for example, 1550 ⁇ m is formed on the entire surface of the device. And the interlayer insulating film 168 such as BPSG having a thickness of, for example, 1550 ⁇ m is formed on the entire surface of the device. And the interlayer insulating film
- a contact is formed so that it penetrates through the diffusion layer 166a in 168.
- a metal film made of, for example, A 1 —S 1 —CU having a thickness of 800 nm is formed on the interlayer insulating film 168 so that the contact fills the metal film.
- the diffusion layer by selectively removing
- An interlayer insulating film 170 such as TEOS is formed.
- the earthenware pots by penetrating the first layer wiring 1 6 9 2 in the interlayer insulating film 1 7 0 This forms a co pointer click and.
- a metal film having a thickness of, for example, A 1 —Si 1 Cu, having a thickness of 100 nm is formed on the interlayer insulating film 170 so as to fill the contact.
- a second contact plug 17 1 and a second layer wiring 17 12 electrically connected to the first layer wiring 16 9 2 are formed. Is done.
- a contact is formed so as to penetrate the two-layer wiring 1 7 1 2 in 1 7 2 , and the bottom and side surfaces of this contact are covered. To extend to two surfaces, for example
- a second layer covering the wiring 1 7 1 2, and the small groove portion bottom and side ⁇ is found in the the small groove outer Pas Tsu Shibeshi Yo emission film 1 9 to 1 surface e.g. 1 0 0 nm in thickness T of the i membrane and e.g. 20
- the insulating film 194 is formed on the passive 1 to the thin 191 including the side and the side. Then, the insulating film 1994 is selectively removed by being patterned so that the Ti electrode 1992 and the Au electrode 193 are exposed. ⁇ A large groove is formed. In Fig. 6, the insulating film 1 was added to the A / Ti film outside the small groove.
- Turning may be performed to determine the area of the sensor electrode in the remaining portion.
- the Ti electrode 19 and the Au electrode 1993 may be formed in the large groove.
- the shiribe functions as a cell. That is, the sample solution 200 is dropped into the large groove, and further, a buffer, air, a filler, and the like are introduced, so that the electrochemical reaction is performed on the Au electrode 1993. An anti-j heart arises
- a region for introducing the sample solution 200 and the buffer / agent filler may be secured by using a packing ring or the like.
- the chip for nucleic acid detection now has the working electrode 1 4 1
- the counter electrode 14 2 and the reference electrode 14 4 are the same as the working electrode 14 1. And are arranged apart from each other in the same large groove. M 8 ⁇ of the opposite pole 1 4 2 and Yumeaki, pole 1 4 3,
- Fig. 7 shows the working electrode 14 for performing the nucleic acid quantitative analysis of this embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode area of FIG. As shown in Fig. 7, the electrode area of the working electrode 141 for measuring the current from the same nucleic acid or the knock ground current is larger than the area of A 0. Then, A 0 ⁇ ⁇ A 0 ', 2 Ao, hi 3 Ao,... ( ⁇ 1) and form a geometric series
- the electrode area is reduced, the time spent for hybridization is increased, and the absolute value of a specific signal is increased.
- the amount of the electrochemically active labeling substance used as an intercalating agent non-specifically binds to the surface of the electrode, particularly to the region where the nucleic acid is immobilized. . ⁇ >-Thereby, it is possible to increase the ratio of the signal obtained from the simultaneous IJ force that specifically binds to the nucleic acid duplex. In other words, it is possible to increase the signal level against the background and level levels.
- each electrode area A of the working electrode 141 on which one kind of nucleic acid is immobilized forms one set of probe series according to a geometric progression.
- This provides a dynamic range with a wide detection sensitivity.
- a realizable nucleic acid analyzer is realized. It is sufficient that each of the electrode areas A has a relationship that substantially forms a geometric progression. That is, each of the electrode areas A may have a value in the range of ⁇ 10% from the geometric progression.
- Figure 8 shows the results of detection using the probe series shown in Figure 7.
- Figure 8 shows the signal intensity when the probe nucleic acid that hybridizes to the sample solution and the probe nucleic acid were immobilized and hybridized for a predetermined time, and the measurement was performed under the same conditions when no such probe nucleic acid was immobilized.
- the signal strength is shown.
- the signal strength on the vertical axis is normalized by the signal strength obtained when the hybridization occurred on all probes immobilized on the sensor (electrode) surface.
- the normalized signal strength is referred to as a normalized signal strength.
- the absolute value of the signal obtained from the sensor surface and not normalized by the unfilled electrode area is proportional to the electrode area. Therefore, if the electrode area of the sensor surface is reduced by a certain factor ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ 1), the absolute value of the signal will decrease accordingly. If this is to be done with a current detection type nucleic acid detection chip, a more sensitive potentiostat must be used. Therefore, it is desirable to integrate and arrange the measurement circuit on a part closer to the sensor on the same substrate as the sensor.
- the calibration is a process for obtaining a bit pattern before analyzing the nucleic acid concentration contained in the sample solution to be measured.
- the bit pattern is data indicating a condition for determining the concentration of the measurement target.
- FIG. 10 is a flow chart of an example of the specific process of calibration (s1). As shown in Fig. 10, first, the sensor 12a on which the probe nucleic acid is not immobilized, or the probe nucleic acid is immobilized on the solution T containing no nucleic acid, or the solution T is hybridized. Soak the sensor 12a with immobilized probe nucleic acid immobilized (s11). Then, execute the current value acquisition processing.
- the background level (current value) is determined based on the obtained current value.
- the threshold value is set to a current value between the saturation current value I st and the back current value I bg (that is, (saturation current value I st )> (threshold value I th ) > (V V ground current value I bg ).
- the saturation current value An ideal saturation current value is obtained when all the probe nucleic acids on the substrate form a double strand.
- an experiment may be performed in which a signal is obtained from an electrode on which a double-stranded nucleic acid is immobilized in advance.
- the nucleic acid be immobilized at a density equivalent to the areal density on the electrode on which the probe nucleic acid that does not form a double strand is immobilized.
- a plurality of nucleic acid solutions S i are measured with sensors having different areas A j, and the obtained data is analyzed.
- the saturation current value is proportional to the sensor area.
- the current value obtained from each electrode is normalized by the area.When this normalized current value is compared between different areas, the normalization obtained from an electrode with an opening area smaller than a certain area is obtained. The current value is the normalized current of the pack If the value is sufficiently larger than the value and almost constant regardless of the area, it is possible to define this normalized current value as the saturation level at all the electrodes, that is, the normalized signal strength 1. .
- the background level can be estimated by analyzing data obtained from solutions having different nucleic acid concentrations and data obtained from electrodes having different areas.
- the obtained current value is normalized with respect to the area.
- a plurality of normalized current values obtained from an electrode having an opening area larger than a certain area are sufficiently smaller than the saturation level, and Regardless of this, it is possible to define this normalized current value as the back ground level in all the electrodes if the value is almost constant.
- the current peak value I p (i, j) is obtained by the operation shown in (s 13) to (s 16) ( s 8 1).
- the acquisition of this peak value may be executed by a later-stage circuit / software. When peak value acquisition is performed at a later stage In this (s81), current values I at multiple times are acquired. It is good.
- I n (0, 0) is the back ground current (s 8
- the first normalization of (s82) is realized by adjusting the current-to-width ratio of the current mirror circuit in Fig. 13 described later.
- the individual measured current values I For n (i, j) a second normalization process is performed using (saturation current value)-(background current value) for evaluation by the sigmoid function.
- the second normalized current value IQ (i, j) is obtained from the following equation (s84).
- I 0 (i, j) ⁇ I n (i, j) one I n (0, 0) ⁇ Z ⁇ I n (N- 1, M - 1) - I n (0, 0) ⁇
- the data series for the set of electrodes obtained from each concentration measurement is fitted to a sigmoid function (s85).
- a sigmoid function a predetermined value
- the assumed value is changed to the saturation level
- the command level is determined (S88). If the error exceeds a predetermined value, it is assumed that the current value for a different nucleic acid in which either i or j is changed is the saturation level I st and the knock ground level I bg ( s87 ) .
- I 0 (i-J) I awkward(i, j) / In (N — 1, M-
- B is ⁇ B (A 0), B (A. a 1 ), B (A oa 2 ),
- bit data B (hereinafter, referred to as a bit pattern) is obtained for each nucleic acid concentration ci (s18).
- the S bit pattern is replaced with each concentration C! Then, it is compared whether the bit patterns related to the density closest to each other match. If the two match, the threshold I t h a strange Ete again bit in concert, "seek the turn. Both cormorant good comparison and may o ⁇ that if return repeated the bit pattern calculated by the Naruma not match.
- the processing can be performed by the arithmetic processing unit 113. Comparison between bit patterns of adjacent densities, reset of the threshold value I th of ⁇ at which the comparison result does not match, and comparison and reset of these bit patterns Repeat each process until the turns do not match.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 may read and execute this program. Ri by the this good to La and the child to change the threshold I th, to obtain a different bit Bokupa turn for each concentration, o to improve the accuracy of analysis of nucleic acid concentration
- the threshold value I th may take any value as long as it is between the normalized saturation current value I st and the normalized knock ground current value I bg .
- the threshold value I th is used for comparing the magnitude with the current value normalized by the pole area by the first normalization. Because it is, one threshold I t h for electrodes of the electrode area may be set.
- the bit pattern is stored in association with the hybridization time t and the nucleic acid concentration Ci of the solution (s20). Also, threshold values I th , I th 2, ... As the basis of the determination are stored in association with this determination table. As described above, when MXN bit data is obtained for each electrode area A j and nucleic acid concentration C i for each high pre- duction time, the calibration process ends.
- the obtained current value I is normalized by the electrode area (s 3
- each of these current value measurement processes is not necessarily limited to the processes described here.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 including the normalization of the electrode area may be performed, or the peak value calculation processing may be performed in the module 135.
- the peak value Ip may be calculated before the first normalization.
- the solution of the sample to be measured is placed by the sensor 12a. 02205
- the current value is obtained through the processes of (s31) to (s34) (s22).
- the threshold value I th obtained in (s 20) and stored in the storage device 116 is read.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 compares this threshold value I th with the measured current value of (s 22), and obtains the bit data B (s 23).
- This bi Tsu Todeta B is on the this be expressed by the bit where exceeded, for example, threshold I th same manner as (si 8) "1", the case does not exceed the threshold I th "0" More.
- This bit data B is obtained for each electrode area A j to obtain a bit pattern.
- Arithmetic processing unit 113 sets a bit, which matches this bit pattern. The turn is searched for in Table 1, and the nucleic acid concentration C i associated with the bit pattern is determined as the concentration of the sample (s24). Thus, the measurement process is completed.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a circuit for performing normalization in (s33) and (s82).
- the same reference numerals are given to configurations common to other drawings such as FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, and detailed description is omitted.
- each ⁇ . , ⁇ ; ⁇ . , Shed 2 A A module 1 35 having a three-electrode system 140 0, 140 0 and 140 2 having working electrodes 14 1 with different electrode areas of (a ⁇ 1). , 1 3 5 ⁇ , 1 3 5 2 of the signal output is connected to the Selector Address 1 3 6.
- the output circuit is common to the configuration in Fig. 5.
- the gate of the transistor M7 is connected to the current extraction side of the current mirror for positive / negative current via the switch SW.
- the source is connected to the drain of the N-type MOSFET M8 and the selector 1336 of the deformation mode.
- the source of transistor M8 is connected to the gate.
- This is one of the circuit configurations called source followers. Of course, a source such as a source follower or a voltage follower constructed by another method may be used.
- the switch-capacitor is provided comprising a sweep rate Tutsi SW 2 and capacitor C.
- each module '1 35 The flow of 0 1 3 5 2 can be selectively output to selector 13 6.
- switch on and switch S first.
- the ratio of the (gate width) / (gate length) of the gates of the transistors M4i and M6i is the largest electrode A. Set to the inverse ratio of the electrode area to. The same applies to other M 3 i and M 5 i. A in the example of Figure 13. Has the largest electrode area. Therefore, M4. And M6. As well as M3. And M 5 (gate width) Z (gate length) of Q is 1: 1, capital and M 3 i and Micromax [delta], The one-wide) / (gate length) alpha: 1, Micromax 4 2 and Micromax 6 2 and Micromax 3 2 and Micromax 5 2 of (gate width) / (gate length) of alpha 2: Ru 1 der. Where 0! ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 31 is a conceptual diagram of the circuit configuration shown in FIG.
- the detected current is a normalization circuit 3 2 1 in a normalization circuit 3 2 1.
- 3 2 1, 3 2 1 2 Is normalized with respect to the electrode area A j, and output to the selector 1336.
- the conversion ratio of the current-voltage conversion circuit such as the A / D converter, can be shared.
- FIG. 13 illustrates three modules as an example for convenience of description, the present invention is not limited to this.
- Other electrode area ⁇ 3 A.
- a 4 a the module having the above configuration has the same configuration as above.
- FIGS. 14 to 18 relate to modifications of the nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 13.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram of a nucleic acid detection chip 12 of this modified example.
- reference numerals 20 and 12 indicate the voltage applied between the counter electrode 14 2 and the reference electrode 14 3 in FIGS. 4 and 5 and the voltage sweep signal generation means.
- It is a side circuit. 1 6 0 Eoyopi 1 6 0 2 indicated from being in a current detection circuit and normalization circuit which is connected to the working electrode 1 4 1 side in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5.
- the current detection section corresponds to the circuit consisting of the operational amplifier 15 1 and the resistor R w in the example of FIG. 4, and the transistors M 1 to M 6 and the operational amplifier 1 in the example of FIG. It corresponds to a circuit consisting of 5 1.
- 140b is a three-electrode system for background signal measurement (for negative control), and 140d is a three-electrode system for probe (for sample measurement).
- These three-electrode systems 140b and 140d consist of working electrode 141, counter electrode 142 and reference electrode 1443 shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. It is not fixed to the working electrode 141 belonging to the three-electrode system 140b for measuring the background signal.
- a single-stranded probe is immobilized on the working electrode 141 belonging to the three-electrode system 140 d for the probe as in Figs.
- the working electrode 1441 belonging to the three-electrode system 140b for background signal measurement, is complementary to the nucleic acid immobilized on the working electrode 1441, belonging to the three-electrode system 140d for the probe.
- 50% or less of a nucleic acid may be immobilized as a probe.
- the complementarity is the ratio of the number of bases having the same base at the corresponding position to the total number of bases in two nucleic acid fragments to be compared.
- the rate at which the analyte nucleic acid binds to the negative control probe is sufficiently smaller than that of the probe immobilized on the three-electrode probe 140 d, so that the knock ground It is possible to monitor levels at the same time.
- the subtraction circuit 202 subtracts the measurement signal from the three-electrode system 140 d for back ground signal measurement from the measurement signal from the three-electrode system 140 d for probe, and selects the selector 13 6 Output to
- the background level varies depending on the area of the electrode, so electrodes with the same area are used as back ground monitors. Ik is paired for signal and signal measurement.
- the detection signal power from the three-electrode system 140 d for the probe and the detection signal from the three-electrode system 140 b for the ground signal measurement are subtracted. This makes it possible to obtain a net signal obtained by subtracting the signal level from the signal originating from the profile. As a result, changes in packed ground drain due to fluctuations in experimental conditions are constantly monitored, improving measurement accuracy.
- a current-voltage conversion circuit can be appropriately arranged. For example, if you place the current-voltage conversion circuit at the subsequent stage of the subtraction circuit 2 0 2 2, the output signal current of the subtraction circuit 2 0 2 is current-voltage conversion circuit and outputs the voltage conversion in cell Lek motor 1 3 6 .
- For the second subsequent stage may be arranged a current-voltage conversion circuit ⁇ current detection circuit 1 6 O 1 6 0 of the output signal current a current ⁇ conversion circuit to voltage conversion subtracting circuit 2 0 2
- FIG. 15 shows a detailed configuration example of the circuit including the subtraction circuit 202.
- the circuit example in Figure 15 processes current detection, current normalization, current-voltage conversion, subtraction, and A / ⁇ conversion in this order.
- the Remind as in FIG. 1 5 is a row cormorants circuit, FIG 3 will by shown in Do operational amplifier 1 5 1 ⁇ Bok La Njisuta M 1 ⁇ M 6, sweep rate pitch preparative wire carrier Nono 0 Shitagaba click The same configuration is used on the ground side and the probe detection side.
- the output of the sink capacitor is connected to the differential amplifier 204.
- Differential amplifier 204 Differential amplifier
- Reference numeral 204 denotes the subtraction circuit 202 of FIG.
- the transistors Ml to M6 normalize the current. Its to the capacitor C and sweep rate pitch SW x and SW 2 Power et consisting sweep rate Tutsi-capacitor (current-voltage conversion circuit) operates the, bar click Grad ⁇ down de signal 3 electrode system for measuring
- the differential amplifier 204 which outputs a voltage value proportional to the current obtained from the three-electrode system 140d to the dynamic amplification unit 04, outputs the difference between these voltage values to the selector 1336. Output.
- circuit topology shown in Fig. 15 above is just one example, and the above and
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a modified example of the subtraction circuit shown in FIG.
- the configurations of the measurement circuit on the ground side and the measurement circuit on the port side are similar to those in Fig. 15 and
- Output is a PMOS transistor MP3 and NMoS The back ground connected to the gate of the tow transistor MN1 and the working electrode of the three-electrode port 140b for signal measurement.
- NM connected to the source of S transistor and transistor MN 1 and the source of PMOS transistor MP 3
- OS transistor MN 1 The board pole and the source of MN 1 are short-circuited, and the drain is connected to the PMOS transistor MP 1 K 1 and the gate and the PM o S transistor.
- the substrate electrode and the source of MP 1 are short-circuited, and the voltage is maintained at the positive power supply voltage + V s.
- P MOS transistor M P 1 and P M O S transistor A connection of the gate of the transistor M P2 P M O S transistor
- the source of M P 2 and the substrate electrode are entangled, and the voltage is a positive power supply.
- the P MOS transistor MP 1 held at V s and
- PM o S transistor which constitutes a power line and a lane by MP 2 D and lane of MP 2 are NMOS transistor M N 2 Drain and gate of M N 2 N ⁇ o S connected to the transistor MN
- the substrate's electrode and source are grounded, and the gate is a 7 ⁇
- the gate and drain of the PMOS transistor MP3 are the gates of the NMOS transistor MN3.
- the K-lane is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor MN4.
- the substrate electrode and the source of No. 3 are connected to each other.
- the source of the NMOS transistor MN 4 held at V s and the substrate electrode are short-circuited, and the voltage is held at the negative power supply voltage of 1 V s.
- This NMOS transistor MN3 is more powerful than MN4.
- the gate and drain of OS transistor MN 4 are the gate and drain of PMOS transistor MP 4 and the dynamic amplifier 2.
- MP4, MN3 and ⁇ 4 operate when measuring the oxidation current
- the measurement circuit for measuring the nook ground signal and the measurement signal for measuring the pull-up signal have the above-described h circuit configuration, and have the reference symbols for the pink ground and the signal measurement. 0 b, 15 1 b, MP
- Each component indicated by N 4 is a code 1 for measuring a
- the drain of OS transistor MP5 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of differential amplifier 211. Also P M O S Transistor M
- the gate of P7 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of dynamic amplifier 2 1 2
- the output of the differential amplifier 211 is connected to the drain of the OS transistor MN11.
- the gate of the S-transistor MN11 is connected to the gate of the NMOS transistor N12, is taken out at the terminal sE, and is connected to the base of the NMOS transistor MN11.
- the voltage between the plate electrode and the source is V
- the differential amplifier 2 1 2 When an oxidation current is detected, the differential amplifier 2 1 2 is connected to the working electrode of the 3-electrode system 1 4 0 d side for the probe 1 4 1 d from the current detected from the 1 d side. Subtracts the current detected from the working electrode 144b side of the signal measurement 3-electrode system 140b side and outputs it to the NMOS transistor MNil. The voltage V applied to the NMOS transistor MNil by this current. t is the subtraction value.
- the differential amplifier 2 1 1 In the case of reduction current measurement, the differential amplifier 2 1 1
- the current value subtracted by the same operation as 12 is output to the NMOS transistor MN12.
- the voltage V applied to the NMOS transistor MN12 by this current. , T 2 are the subtraction values.
- the calibration process (si) consists of the processes (s41) to (s48) shown in FIG.
- First, the measurement of the solution S 5 containing the nucleic acid as a (s 4 1), an electrode area A] of different nucleic acid solution S i of known concentration C i (j 0, 1 , ⁇ , ⁇ - 1) Is introduced into the cell having the sensor 12a (s42).
- a current value acquisition operation described later is performed (s43).
- For all N nucleic acid solutions S i (i 0, 1, 2,..., N—1), such as obtaining the current value of solution S; + (s 44)
- current values are obtained for the sensors 12 a of all electrode areas A j.
- the threshold value is calculated by the same method as in ( s17 ) ( s45 ).
- the current values I p, I n , and I as the basis of the calculation.
- a current value obtained by subtracting a back ground signal from a probe signal is calculated and used.
- the arithmetic processing unit 1 1 3 compares (s 4 5) is normalized is obtained at each measurement of the obtained threshold I th and the nucleic acid solution si in the the current value I n, respectively.
- the normalized current value I n is exceeds the threshold value I th is "1”, if not exceeded it is determined that "0".
- a set of the determination results obtained by performing this determination processing on the entire electrode sequence is obtained as a bit pattern (s46).
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 determines whether or not the obtained bit pattern and the density correspond one-to-one in the same manner as in (s19) (s47). If so, go to (s48).
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 in the same manner as in (s20), sets the determination table in correspondence with the bit number, "turn" to the hybridization time t and the nucleic acid concentration C i of the solution. and to be stored in the even and the threshold I th. should correspond, returns to the process of setting again the threshold I th.
- Figure 18 is a detailed flowchart of the current value acquisition operation shown in (s43) in Figure 17.
- the hybridization is performed at a constant temperature and for a predetermined time in the manner described in (s11) and (s12) (s431).
- an intercalating agent is applied to each electrode having a different area, and the current value of each of the X ⁇ ground level and the probe current is measured (s4332).
- the obtained current values are, for example, the transistors Mli to M in FIG.
- the electrode area A j is normalized by the current mirror circuit shown by i (s 4 3 3) ⁇
- i ground current value
- s4334 the peak value of the obtained subtraction value is obtained by the fitting process (s434).
- the current component mixed in the signal current when the intercalating agent considered as a noise component is adsorbed to a portion other than the nucleic acid double strand is eliminated. be able to.
- FIG. 19 is a conceptual diagram of a nucleic acid detection chip 12 according to this modification.
- a 3-electrode system 140 s for saturation level calibration is provided.
- the three-electrode system 140s for saturation level calibration uses electrodes with the same area as each other for signal measurement and background ground monitoring. Provide.
- the saturation level is a force that depends on the area of the electrode, etc.
- the background current signal is subtracted from the probe current signal as in Figure 14 and output to the selector 1336, whereas the subtraction circuit 203 at the saturation level
- the knock ground current signal is subtracted from the current signal and output to the selector 1336.
- the threshold value I th can always be adjusted to an appropriate value regardless of fluctuations in the experimental conditions.
- a current-voltage conversion circuit can be appropriately arranged.
- the subtraction circuit 2 0 2 outputs a second output signal current current-voltage conversion circuit is a cell Lek motor 1 3 6 and voltage conversion I do.
- the subtraction circuit 2 0 2 2 of the preceding in may be arranged a current-voltage conversion circuit at the subsequent stage of the current detection circuits 1 6 0 ⁇ 1 6 0 2.
- the current detection circuit 1 6 0, 1 6 0 2 of the output signal current a current-voltage conversion circuit outputs voltage conversion to the subtracting circuit 2 0 2 2.
- Liquid si (1 0, 1, 2, ..., N - 1) the current value for the electrode area Alpha 5 of sensor 1 2 a of Te ⁇ obtain all available Te Nitsu Rere is Ru is obtained.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 stores the bit pattern as a determination table in a manner similar to (s 20), in which the bit pattern is associated with the hybridization time t and the nucleic acid concentration C i of the solution.
- Figure 2 1 is Ni Let 's are shown in ⁇ Figure 2 1 is a detailed full Rochiya one DOO current value and bit Bokuha 0 turns acquisition operation in (s 5 4), Figure 1 1 (sll) and (s Perform a high-priority section at a fixed temperature and time as described in 1 2).
- M 1 i ⁇ ] are normalized by the current mirror circuit represented by M 6 i (s 543), and further, for example, the subtraction circuit 20 shown in FIG.
- Fig. 2 2 shows the measurement process using a saturated tip with a positive electrode.
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 converts the bit pattern of the entire electrode series obtained for the sample solution into the calibration process (s
- a three-electrode system that detects both the saturated level and the back ground and level is shown as an example. It is also possible to omit the three-electrode system for detecting the ground level and to omit only the set of the three-electrode system for saturation level calibration, 140 s, and the three-electrode system for probe, 140 d.
- the configuration for the background level shown in Fig. 14 may be replaced with the configuration for the saturation level calibration, and the sign of the subtraction may be reversed.
- the ratio between the probe measurement signal and the saturation level measurement signal is taken between the paired sensors, and the ratio is obtained from a pair that is not 100 ° / 0.
- the concentration of the target nucleic acid contained in the sample may be determined from the intensity of the signal obtained.
- FIG. 23 is a plan view showing an example of a detailed configuration of the electrode arrangement of the three-electrode system 140 in each embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 13, FIGS. 14 to 18, and FIGS. 19 to 22.
- Counter 1 4 2 i and 1 4 2 the configuration of the reference electrode 1 4 3 and 1 4 3 2 common, the working electrode 1 4 1 and 1 4 1 2 the different areas.
- Working electrodes 1 4 1 i and 1 4 1 2 are 3 electrode systems 1 4 0! , 1 4 0 is disposed at the center position of the second forming region, the shape of the working electrode 1 4 1 i and 1 4 1 counter electrode 1 in earthenware pots by surrounding the three directions 2 4 2 and 1 4 2 2 force S U Provided.
- working electrodes l Ali and 1 4 1 2 force, reference electrodes 1 4 3 i and 1 4 3 2 are placed on the side where counter electrodes 1 4 2 i and 1 4 2 2 are not placed Have been.
- one working electrode 14 1 and 14 1 2 are provided, one for each of the counter electrodes 14 2 and 14 so that the three electrodes can be arranged at almost constant positions at any distance.
- 1 4 2 2 and reference poles 1 4 3 and 1 4 3 2 are arranged. Since the counter electrodes 14 2 and 14 2 2 and the reference electrodes 144 3 i and 144 2 have the same configuration, their positional relationship is equidistant.
- 3 1 2, 3 1 2 2 , 3 1 1! , 3 1 1 2 are contacts for connecting to the lower wiring.
- the peak height analysis after the subtraction is performed.
- the peak position has shifted between the three-electrode system 140k for nook ground measurement, the four-electrode system 140d for the probe, and the three-electrode system 140s for the saturation level calibration.
- the measurement accuracy of the analysis result may be adversely affected. This shift in peak position is often due to the presence of the solution resistance component.
- Figure 24 is a plan view of a different electrode arrangement from Figure 23
- each working electrode 5 4 1 1 to 5 4 1 4 force pole counter electrode 5 4 2 and reference electrode 5 4 3 is almost the same.
- Each electrode is placed symmetrically when viewed from the center of the working electrode 5 4 1 i ⁇ 5 4 1 4, example if A u Kakaranaru.
- Electrode area of 1 5 4 1 4 While shows the case of common in the example of FIG. 2 4, may be different from the electrode area.
- 5 4 4 ⁇ to 5 4 4 ⁇ 5 4 5 and 5 4 6 are contacts for connecting to the lower wiring.
- the structure in which the working electrode is surrounded by the illumination electrode and the counter electrode also has the effect of avoiding external electrostatic and electromagnetic disturbances to the working electrode, and is effective as a measure against noise in measurement.
- the concentration of the electric field is less likely to be concentrated, it is effective in reducing the fluctuation of the measurement.
- FIG. 24 shows the planar electrode arrangement structure, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- each of the electrodes 14 1 to 14 3 can be made to have a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure.
- FIG. 25 shows FIGS. 1 to 13 ⁇ FIGS. 14 to 18, and FIGS. 19 to 22.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a compensation circuit 600 to which a function of compensating for offset and linearity of a sweep voltage in each embodiment is added.
- the same components as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.
- the compensation circuit 600 has a problem in that, for example, the unevenness in the position of the semiconductor manufacturing process and the deviation of the element dimensions from the design value. This is a circuit that compensates for the offset ⁇ linearity of the swept voltage caused by.
- the compensation circuit 600 is provided in the analyzer housing 11 of FIG. 1.
- a nucleic acid detection chip 12 is attached to the analyzer housing 11 and the nucleic acid detection chip 12 and the solution are sent. Physically connect Z temperature controller 1 1 1 to.
- the wiring 1 in each module 1 35 of the chip 12 for nucleic acid detection is automatically set.
- Tutsi SW 4 is consists in earthenware pots by being electrically connected I have.
- the signals from each wiring 14 2 a and wiring 14 3 a of each module 13 5 are selected by the selectors 15 56 and 15 55 and the switches are selected. It is outputted to SW 3 ⁇ Pi SW 4 side.
- the output of the counter electrode 1 4 2 connected operational amplifier 1 5 2 2 5 by through the scan I Tutsi SW 3 resistors R 1 and key catcher Pashita C a is connected to the parallel-connected circuit. Further, the resistors R 1 ⁇ Pi capacitor C a is connected to one end of a resistor R 2. The other end of the resistor R 2 is connected to the noninverting input of the sweep rate pitch SW 4 and the operational amplifier 6 0 1. - these resistors R 1, key catcher Pashita c a ⁇ Pi resistor R 2 is 3 electrodes
- the inverting input and output of the operational amplifier 601 are short-circuited and function as a voltage transformer.
- the output of operational amplifier 6001 is A /
- the compensation bookkeeping circuit 603 determines the offset ⁇ linearity of the sweep voltage generated by each module 135.
- the compensation logic circuit 603 is a circuit having a function of compensating.It may be implemented by a combination of a node and a software, or may be implemented only by hardware.
- the measured value obtained from the module 135 is stored in the memory 603 a.
- the compensation logic circuit 603 performs the offset compensation and the linearity based on the stored measured value. Outputs a signal for compensation to voltage source 607.
- Voltage source 607 applies the voltage specified by compensation logic circuit 603 to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier 152.
- the output of the selector 15 55 is provided on the switch SW 3 and the selector 1 is provided on the switch SW 4. 5 6 outputs are electrically connected.
- the voltage source 607 supplies a predetermined voltage to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 152. Apply V '. As a result , the voltage Vtk is applied to the resistor R 1, the capacitor Ca, and the resistor R 2 simulating the solution system.
- the selection of module 135 is made by selectors 155 and 156, but selectors 155 and 156 are selected.
- the sequential selection operation by 56 is controlled by the circuit on the analyzer housing 11 side.
- the compensation logic circuit 63 calculates, for example, an average value V tav of the output voltages V tk for all the modules 135 .
- Their to compensation logic circuit 6 0 3 the difference between the average value V t av and the output voltage V tk this - determines whether the range (V tk V tav) is predetermined et al. If it is within the predetermined range, the compensation logic circuit 603 indicates that the product is “good” on the display unit.
- the difference between the average value V tav of the output voltage V tk of each module 135 and the average value is offset V k .
- Offset 1 V k of this memory 603 a during actual measurement.
- the measurement error of the obtained measured value can be corrected.
- the sweep power of each module 135 is corrected by the correction value corresponding to the average value V of the output voltage Vtk .
- the pressure can also be corrected.
- the offset V can be compensated for by applying an offset compensation voltage of 1 Vtav from the voltage source 607 at the time of actual measurement.
- the deviation from the predetermined voltage that is, the offset of the output voltage with respect to the input voltage and the offset of the feedback circuit can be known from the inverted output voltage appearing at the illumination electrode 144.
- offset can be eliminated by adjusting the voltage applied to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 152, and the accuracy of feedback can be improved.
- the semiconductor circuit including 135 is arranged in the chip so as to satisfy the translation symmetry. This is a technique to ensure that when non-uniform conditions occur in the conductor manufacturing process, the effects of the non-uniformity appear equally on any element in the array. More specifically, the operational amplifiers 15 and 2 existing inside different modules are all arranged in the same direction, and the same applies to operational amplifiers 15 1 and 15 3. In addition, by reducing the difference that occurs between modules, it is possible to eliminate most of the offset simultaneously by simply applying a common voltage to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 152. And are possible.
- FIG. 26 shows the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 13, FIGS. 14 to 18, and FIGS. 19 to 22.
- the linearity of the measurement circuit is proportional.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a compensation circuit 6100 that compensates for a deviation from a design value such as a coefficient.
- the configurations shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 13 are denoted by
- This compensation circuit 610 is connected to the analyzer housing 11 in FIG. Then, the nucleic acid detection chip 12 is attached to the analyzer housing 11, and the nucleic acid detection chip 12 is physically connected to the liquid sending Z temperature controller 111.
- the A / D converter 13 7 of the chip 12 for nucleic acid detection is automatically connected to the chip 13.
- the compensation logic circuit 6 17 of the compensation circuit 6 10 is electrically connected via the interface 13 1.
- the output of the selector 614 is each module 135.
- 1 3 5 i are connected to the working electrode 1 4 1.
- Module 1 3 5. , 135 are each ⁇ . , ⁇ ⁇ . , And their current amplification factors are 1: 1 and ⁇ : 1.
- two modules 1 35 are used for convenience of explanation using Fig. 26. , 135, but it goes without saying that it is equally applicable to more than two modules.
- the compensation circuit 610 is composed of a memory 612, a compensation logic circuit 617 having a display section 616, a current source 613, a voltage source 615 and a selection circuit. Data 6 14.
- the output of the compensation logic 6 17 is connected to a current source 6 13 and a voltage source 6 15.
- Current source 6 1 3 is connected to the cell Lek motor 6 1 4 inputs and via a sweep rate pitch SW 5.
- the output of voltage source 6 15 is 1 3 5 for each module. , 135, connected to the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier 15 1.
- Each module 1 3 5 connected from current source 6 1 3 to working electrode 1 4 1.
- Switch SW 5 is turned on, and each module 13 5 is selectively supplied from current source 6 13 via selector 6 14.
- a current is applied to the working poles 1 4 1 side of 1 and 3 5.
- no voltage is applied from the voltage source 615.
- This current is output to the compensation logic circuit 617 through the current detection circuit and the normalization circuit, the selector 136, and the A / D converter 137.
- the compensation logic circuit 617 measures the linearity, the proportional coefficient, the offset, and the like from the signal from the AZD converter 137, and stores the measured value in the memory 612.
- each module 13 5 to the input of the current source 6 13 is analyzed, and an appropriate voltage is input from the voltage source 6 15 to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 based on the result.
- an appropriate voltage is input from the voltage source 6 15 to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 based on the result.
- module 1 3 5 D, 1 3 5 the upper limit of the offset defined in the specification for the sensor each ⁇ delta I.
- the sensor of the module that meets the specifications will meet the specifications.
- the manufacturing process of the device can be adapted to the specification, by inputting an appropriate voltage to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 151, +
- the arithmetic processing unit 113 determines that the chip is “defective” because the offset of the measurement circuit does not satisfy the specification.
- FIG. 27 is a view showing a modification of the nucleic acid detection chip.
- the nucleic acid detection chip 700 shown in FIG. 7 has a chip-on-glass structure in which a plurality of Si chips 720 and an array-like three-electrode system 140 are arranged on a glass substrate 706. Each three-electrode system 140 is connected to one of the Si chips 702 by wiring.
- the detection signal in the three-electrode system 140 is processed by the S i chip 70 2 side.
- the flow detection type core is used. Using the acid detection chip 12 to broaden the range of sensitivity to concentration and quantitatively analyze the concentration
- the electrical complexity of the measurement time can be improved while maintaining the synchronization of the measurement time.
- Simultaneity is important in current-measuring chips because of the aging of the kiss.
- the two stranded nucleic acids and the target nucleic acid make up the kiss. Because the signal strength fluctuates due to the time accumulation of signals, it is desirable to increase the synchronism as much as possible, especially when measuring the signals to be compared.
- the nucleic acid detection chip 12 in which a large number of probes are mounted in an array is used.
- module 150 shown in Figure 5 is only one example. Absent.
- a cascaded power controller in which power flow is connected in multiple stages may be used.
- FIG. 30 the same reference numerals as in FIG. 5 denote the same components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. O As shown in FIG. 30, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 5 denote the same components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. O As shown in FIG. 30, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 5 denote the same components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. O As shown in FIG. 30, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 5 denote the same components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. O As shown in FIG.
- the source of M3a is connected to the gate of transistor M3b, the gate of transistor M3b, and the gate of transistor M5b.
- the body of M 3 a and the source of the transistor M 3 b are connected to the negative power supply voltage of 1 Vs. o
- the source of the transistor M 5 a and the source of the transistor M 5 b And lane are twisted, and transistor M
- the body of 5 a and the source of transistor M 5 b are connected to the negative power supply voltage _ V s o
- the power of the stage consisting of the transistors M 3 a and M 5 a The current width ratio of the lent mirror and the two-stage current consisting of the transistors M 3 b and M 5 b- The current amplification factor of the grid is the same.
- the transistors M4a, M4b, M6a and M6b are the same as the transistors M3a, M3b, M5a and M5b except that they have the opposite polarity. Make up the structure o
- the degree of the current mirror may not increase due to the channel modulation effect of the transistor.
- nucleic acid quantitative analyzer and analytical method Not limited to this.
- the target of quantitative analysis is not only nucleic acid but also Novidization reaction. Therefore, the present invention is applicable to quantitative analysis of a base sequence and a method for quantitative analysis of a predetermined sequence. I do.
- the nucleic acid detection chip 12 shown in FIG. 2 is not limited to nucleic acid detection, but can be widely replaced with a nucleotide sequence detection chip for detecting a base sequence to make the present invention applicable.
- the chip configuration shown in FIG. 2 is merely an example, and the present invention is replaced with a chip for detecting nucleic acids, such as a chip, in which electrodes are not arranged linearly and arranged in a linear manner. Applicable ⁇
- the module 1 having the three-electrode system 140 shown in FIG.
- 35 can be used not only as a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analyzer but also as an electrolyzer ⁇
- the function may be read from a recording medium device (not shown) connected to 13 and the arithmetic processing device 113 may execute the function.
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- This embodiment is to reduce the shadow of the background current.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining a problem due to the background flow.
- the electrode diameters are 250, 100, 200, and 500.
- the normalized currents are compared and shown for five examples of 0 ⁇ m.
- the component proportional to the electrode area was / J, which was proportional to the component proportional to the electrode perimeter.
- the signal current which tends to be proportional to the area of the electrode, becomes relatively small, and the accuracy of the measurement decreases.
- Most of the dynamic range of the circuit that measures the signal is background light that is occupied by background components.
- Figure 3 shows the circuit configuration of the module to solve the above problems.
- Figure 3 shows. Area of the sensor area is identical i.e. working electrode the same 3-electrode system 1 4 0 a, 1 4 0 b ⁇ 1 4 0. Mojiyu Norre 3 3 0 0 having, 3 3 0 x., 3 3 0 2 signals output cell Rectifiers data 1 3
- These modules are 330. , 3 3 0, 3 3 0 2 except for the configuration, since common with the configurations described in the first embodiment, the detailed description thereof is omitted.
- Module 330 is also available. , 3 3 0! , 3 3 3 0 2 Oite each positive and negative current for power lens 1, the current up out Shi side mirror, respectively operational amplifier 3 3 1. , 3 3 1 1; 3 3 1 2 Inverting Input terminal is connected and its non-inverting input terminal is grounded. Also, the operational amplifier 3 3 1. , 3 3 1 1; 3 3 1 and the output 2 of the inverting input terminal, the circuit 3 3 2 0 for cormorants row current-voltage conversion or current amplification, 3 3 2! , 3 3 2 2 is connected, the output of which is connected to the Selector Address 1 3 6.
- DOO La Njisu motor M 4 2 of gate is collected by La Njisu motor M 6 2 of gate one bets all Razz, the gate of the other module one Honoré 3 3 0 0 and preparative La Njisu motor M 8 1
- the transistor M82 is connected in parallel to the gate of the transistor M82.
- DOO La Njisu motor M 3 2 of gate includes a gate City La Njisu motor M 5 2 everyone regardless of gate, the 3 3 0 0 and other modules preparative La Njisu motor M 7 1, Mojiyu Nore 3 3 0! Connected in parallel to the gate of the transistor M72. Gate width of each MOSFET, preparative La Njisu motor M 3 2, M 4 2, M 7 2, M 8 2, M 7 1, M 8 1 and preparative La Njisu motor M 5 2, M 6 2 1: Set to B.
- Module 330 At the same time three-electrode system 1 4 0 a to the signal current I s force S flows when in the module 3 3 signal current I s 2 force to 3 electrode system 1 4 0 b in 0 S, module 3 3 0 In its for two to 3 electrode system 1 4 0 c Ba click graph window down de current IB G pixel Re respective flows. Doo-out of this, mosquitoes Ren door Mi, which is formed in the capital La Njisu data M 3 2, M 4 2 and the capital La Njisu data M 7 1, door to La M 8 1 rabbi Njisu data M 7 2, M 8 2 Module 330 depending on the effect of the error. , The back ground current IBG flows from the transistor M81, and the current-voltage conversion circuit b. Has the current I BG —
- nucleic current I S 1 forces et al., Motor-di-menu le 3 3 0 2 at by subtracting the detected bar click grayed La window down de current I B e and outputs, the module 3 3 0 e, 3 from nucleic current I s 2 of electrode system 1 4 0 B, subtracts the Roh click graph window down de current I B e detected by the Modulation Lumpur 3 3 0 2 Output. Then, the current-to-voltage conversion circuit b provided in the subsequent stage. Perform current-voltage conversion in steps b and b.
- FIGS. 34 to 37 show the current-voltage conversion circuit b.
- FIGS. 34 and 35 are suitable when the amplification factor B in FIG. 33 is 1, that is, when current amplification is not required.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram showing an example of the current-voltage conversion circuit.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 340 shown in FIG. 34 is a current-voltage conversion circuit. It applies to ⁇ 13 2.
- the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier 33 1 are short-circuited by the resistor 34 1.
- Voltage V at the output terminal of the operational amplifier 331. UT is proportional to the input current I N.
- Current-voltage conversion circuit b. In the example of the operational amplifier 3 3 1.
- u T i is the input current I s 2 - a value proportional to I B CJ.
- ⁇ is a value proportional to I BG,.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing another example of the current-voltage conversion circuit.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 350 shown in FIG. 35 is a current-voltage conversion circuit b. It is applied to the ⁇ b 2.
- the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 331 is provided with a switch capacitor composed of a switch 3443 and a capacitor 3442.
- the switch capacitor With the switch capacitor, the charge flowing into the capacitor 342 from the previous stage is stored while the switch 343 is open, and the charge is released by closing the switch 343. This is what happens.
- the principle of the current-voltage conversion using the above-mentioned switch capacitor is the same as the operation principle of the switch capacitor in FIG. 13 described above, and therefore the description is omitted.
- the voltage V OUT at the output terminal of the operational amplifier 331 is proportional to the input current I ] N.
- the current-to-voltage conversion circuit b to which the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 350 shown in FIG. 35 is applied. In the example of the operational amplifier 3 3 1.
- the output voltage V OUT 1 of the output terminal of the operational amplifier 3 3 1 1 becomes the input current I S 2 —
- the value is proportional to IBG.
- the output voltage V OUT 2 at the output terminal of 3 3 1 2 is the input current BI
- FIG. 36 and FIG. 37 are diagrams showing still another example of the current-voltage conversion circuit.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 360 shown in FIG. a current amplifier is provided.
- the current-voltage conversion circuit 360 in FIG. 36 is the current-voltage conversion circuit b. And it is applied to a current-voltage conversion circuit 3 7 0 3 7 is applied to the current-voltage conversion circuit b 2. Note that the structure to which the circuitry shown in FIG. 3 7 to a current-voltage conversion circuit b 2, the need to provide an operational amplifier rather name operational amplifier 3 3 1 2 and circuit 3 3 2 2 force, Ranaru Figure 3 3 It made rather than the structure of the current-voltage conversion circuit b 2 of.
- the current amplification function in Fig. 36 is realized by a positive / negative current mirror consisting of the transistors M1 to M6 in Fig. 36. The principle of the current amplification is shown in Fig. 13.
- the gate of the transistor M7 is connected to the current extracting side of the current mirror for positive and negative currents via the switch SWi.
- the source of this transistor M7 is connected to the drain of the N-type MOSFET IVI8 in the depletion mode and to the selector 1336.
- the source of transistor M8 is connected to the gate. This is one of the circuit configurations called source followers. Of course, the source form composed by another method You may use a knocker such as a keynote or a note follower.
- sweep rate Tutsi SW 2 and capacitor C et consisting sweep rate pitch Bok capacitor is provided between the current up out Shi side of mosquitoes Ren preparative mirror for positive and negative current Bok run-Soo motor M 7, the sweep rate pitch Bok calibration Pashita Ri by the force Ren door to the capacitor C with open Sui Tutsi s W 2, to accumulate the charge flowing through the error, vinegar I pitch S
- This charge can be released by closing W 2 .
- the method of controlling the opening and closing of the switches SW i and SW 2 and the current / voltage conversion operation by the method are the same as those described in FIG.
- the area of the electrode is small.
- a three-electrode system that detects the laser level.
- the signal of is also output.
- a current-to-voltage conversion circuit is arranged downstream of the subtraction circuit. This makes it possible to measure only the signal components that tend to be proportional to the pole area using the current-to-voltage conversion circuit and the entire dynamic range of the AZD converter.
- the knock ground and the current are subtracted from the current-to-voltage converter.
- the influence of the background current being relatively reduced as compared to the measurement flow, which is proportional to the electrode tsa product. Mismatch of values can be reduced and high / high quantitative analysis can be performed.
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment relates to another configuration of the module including the current amplifier circuit.
- the present embodiment relates to a simplified configuration of the current width circuit described in the first and second embodiments.
- the current is peaked.
- the transistor fixed to the fixed return circuit and the one-piece operation were actually implemented by using the transistor as a separate function block.
- Sensor electrode power The transistors fixed inside the feedback circuit that fixes the current to the reference position are denoted by M 1 and M 2, and the transistors for the current copy are M 4 M 6 pairs and ⁇ 3 M 5 pairs. Is
- FIG. 38 shows an example of the configuration of a module provided with the current amplification circuit according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 38 shows a module 380 in FIG. Are NM o S transistor M 1 and
- the working electrode of the three-pole system 140 is connected to the drain of the transistor M 1 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1.
- the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 15 1 is grounded.
- the source of the transistor M 1 is connected to the positive power supply of + V s, and the
- the source of the transistor M 2 connected to the negative power supply of V s is connected to the positive power supply of + V s, and the transistor M 1 is connected to the negative power supply of 1 V s And the current width ratio of M 2 is 1:
- Operational amplifier connected to the inverting input terminal of transistor width 3 8 1 and the input and output terminals of transistor 3 Is connected to the gate of transistor 3 and the gate of transistor PM4. ⁇ ⁇
- the pod of the MOS transistor M4 is connected to the positive power supply + Vs.
- Source is connected to a 1 V s negative power supply and the
- the current amplification factor achieved by the transistors ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 connected to the voltage conversion circuit 382 is 1:10.
- the current-to-voltage conversion circuit 3 8 2 is an operational amplifier 3 3 1
- the polarity of the input current is limited to either a single polarity of the oxidation current or the reverse current, and the polarity of the input current is limited to the electrochemical reaction of the intercalating agent. If the polarity of the resulting current is known in advance, this circuit configuration can be used to reduce the offset current caused by the switching of the ⁇ ⁇ OS transistor and ⁇ MOS transistor. It is possible to prevent flowing
- ammeter similar to that shown in FIG. 5 may be used for the sil voltage conversion circuit 382, but it is desirable that the input node of the silo voltage conversion circuit 382 performs virtual grounding realized by the operational amplifier 331.
- the input node of the silo voltage conversion circuit 382 performs virtual grounding realized by the operational amplifier 331.
- the current I i flowing through the transistor # 1 is amplified by a factor of 10 and the current I I flows through the transistor # 2. Also, the current flowing through the transistor M2 from the transistor M2 to the transistor # 3 is amplified by a factor of 1101 by the pair of the transistors # 3 and # 4, and the current is applied to the transistor # 4. As described above, by using the current amplifying circuit of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the flow of the offset current caused by the smear between the PMOS transistor and the NMOS transistor. Can
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- This embodiment relates to an embodiment in which the current is normalized by using the current amplifier circuit shown in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the module according to the present embodiment.
- Sensor area the ⁇ That area of the working electrode is the same 3-electrode system 1 4 O a, 1 4 0 b, 1 4 0 modular Yu Lumpur 3 9 0 with e. , SSC ⁇ -, 3 9 0 2 of the signal output the back Lek data
- Module 3 9 0 2 is module 3 9
- Mojiyunore 3 9 0 2 configurations are common with Mojiyunore 3 8 0 3 8, the operation is the same. The difference is that the current amplification factor realized by the transistors M10 and M20 is 1: B, and the current amplification factor of the transistors M30 and M40 is 1: 1. It is a point.
- Module 390 In three working electrode of the electrode system 1 4 0 a is an operational amplifier 1 5 1. Connected to the drain of NMOS transistor Ml1. Operational amplifier 1 5 1. of The non-inverting input terminal is grounded.
- the source of transistor Ml 1 is connected to a positive power supply of + V s, and the body is connected to a negative power supply of 1 V s.
- the source of transistor ⁇ '/ ⁇ 21 is connected to the positive power supply of + V s, and the body is connected to the negative power supply of 1 V s.
- the drain of transistor ⁇ 21 is operational amplifier 331.
- the inverting input terminal of the circuit 3 3 2. Is connected to the drain of transistor # 31.
- the source of transistor ⁇ 31 is connected to a negative power supply of 1 V s, and the body is connected to a positive power supply of + V s.
- gate of preparative La Njisu motor M 3 1 is connected to the output terminal of the bus click graph window down de electrostatic diversion of the module 3 9 0 2 operational amplifier 3 8 1. This ensures that the current BI BG amplified to B times in the module 3 9 0 2 is output Ri preparative preparative La Njisu motor M 3 1.
- the working electrode of the three-electrode system 140b is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 151 and the drain of the NMOS transistor M12.
- the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier 15 is grounded.
- the source of transistor M12 is connected to a positive power supply of + V s, and the body is connected to a negative power supply of 1 V s.
- the source of the transistor M22 is connected to a positive power supply of + V s, and the body is connected to a negative power supply of 1 V S.
- the drain of the transistor M22 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 331, the circuit 3332, and the drain of the transistor M32.
- the source of transistor M32 is connected to a negative supply of 1 Vs, and the body is connected to a positive supply of + Vs.
- gate of preparative La Njisuta M 3 2 is connected to the output terminal of the bus click graph window down de electrostatic diversion module 3 9 0 2 of the operational amplifier 3 8 1. This ensures that the output Ri preparative module 3 9 0 2 current is amplified to B times the BIB G minable La Njisu motor M 3 2.
- 3 electrode system 1 4 O b current I S 2 that flows through the working electrode is amplified in B times by preparative La Njisu motor M 2 2 side becomes BI s 2. Therefore, the current flowing into the current-voltage conversion circuit b is B (I s
- this module is 390. , 3 9 0, 3 9 0 but the second current amplification factor is B times, the Yo I Do Module 3 9 0. ,
- This embodiment relates to a modification of the first embodiment.
- This embodiment relates to an embodiment in which normalization according to the electrode area is performed using not only a current mirror but also a capacitance element.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the module according to the present embodiment. 4 0 mode di Interview - le 4 0 0 Q ⁇ 4 0 0 2 is 1
- Table 2 shows a list of each parameter of the module given based on the method of determining these parameters.
- the quantitative analysis of the nucleic acid concentration over a wide dynamic range can be performed. It becomes possible.
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- the present embodiment relates to a configuration of a circuit that performs phase compensation of the circuit.
- FIG. 41 shows an example of the configuration of the module 410 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. Configuration of the module 4 1 0 is substantially common with construction of modular Yule 3 3 0 2 3 3, reference numeral common to the configuration of the common, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the large-capacity element required to perform phase compensation in a chemical analyzer using an integrated circuit is realized by a double-layer element generated in a solvent that actually performs gas decomposition.
- the two metal layers 424 are used as electrodes, and are immersed in the solution for which the electrochemical measurement is actually performed.
- the metal layer 424 is connected via the contact plug 423. Connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 151, and the metal layer 424 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier 151 via another contact plug 423.
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- This embodiment relates to an embodiment in which the range of measurable concentration of each electrode that differs depending on the electrode area is overlapped, and the analysis is optimized.
- the minimum nucleic acid concentration that gives the condition for the nucleic acid detection sensor to output a signal at the saturation level is defined as the upper end of the range in which the sensor can measure, and the condition for outputting the signal at the packed ground level is also given;
- the maximum nucleic acid concentration is defined as the lower end of the range where the sensor can measure.
- the number of probes on the sensor surface of N i is N i, and the dyna
- FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining this overlap factor ⁇ .
- the overlap factor ⁇ is desirably set to ⁇ ⁇ 0.85.
- the dynamic range overwrap will be reduced. Conversely, if the change in area is too small, the dynamic range overlap will be too large, and many sensors will be required to increase the dynamic range of the entire sensor series. Therefore, the conditions of the area ratios shown here indicate the appropriate conditions for the trade-off of the equipment.
- the dynamic range depending on each electrode area is made to overlap, thereby enabling an optimal quantitative analysis without measurement omission.
- This embodiment relates to an improvement of the first embodiment.
- This embodiment relates to an embodiment having a more detailed device configuration for quantitative analysis.
- electrodes having different areas are mounted on the same substrate in order to quantitatively analyze the concentration of nucleic acid.
- the target nucleic acid solution supplied to these electrodes is made of a wall or a wall to prevent diffusion between electrodes having different areas. It is desirable to be separated by vesicles. Furthermore, it is preferable that the volume of the separated solution is constant irrespective of the pole iti product, and the number of electrodes immersed in the separated solution is also constant irrespective of the pole area. .
- the configuration of the apparatus in this manner is the gist of the present embodiment. This allows a smaller electrode to increase the absolute number of target nucleic acids with respect to the number of probes, increasing the sensitivity, but providing a sufficiently long reaction time. There is a need.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing a cross section of a main part of a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip prepared based on the principle of the measuring device according to the present embodiment.
- a plurality of electrodes (working electrodes) 4 4 2 a to 4 4 2 e and surfaces of these electrodes 4 4 2 a 4 4 2 e are placed on a single substrate 4 4 1.
- a cell is formed by the combination of the electrode and the insulating film on which the hydrophobic suction films 4443a to 4443e are selectively exposed while leaving a part thereof.
- the formed passivation film 4 ⁇ 3 a 4 4 3 e is the electrode 4 4 2 a ⁇ 4 4
- the number of S3 ⁇ 4i poles immersed in 4444a to 4444e is also constant regardless of the electrode area.
- FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram for explaining another implementation.
- a substrate 450 is provided with vesicles 451a to 451h / HX of the same volume and separated from each other.
- These vesicles 451 a to 451 h are connected to one target nucleic acid inlet 452 by flow channel 453, respectively.
- 51 c and 45 1 h are shown enlarged.
- Vesicles 4 5 1 h have a large area and multiple electrodes 4 5 3 h with the same area
- nucleic acid concentration range for detection in a nucleic acid detection method using a nucleic acid probe immobilized on a substrate surface and performing hybridization with the nucleic acid to be detected is described below.
- nucleic acid concentration range can be rephrased as the range of the number of nucleic acid molecules contained in a solution used for detection when the solution is a fixed amount. In the present embodiment, the nucleic acid concentration range is considered based on the number of nucleic acid molecules.
- Fig. 46 is a diagram for explaining the nucleic acid concentration range of the nucleic acid of interest for detection, which can be detected.
- the upper part shows the nucleic acid concentration, that is, the nucleic acid contained in a fixed volume of solution. The relationship between the number of molecules and the normalized signal normalized to a signal per unit area is shown.
- the middle section schematically shows the reaction between the probe nucleic acid 462 immobilized on the electrode 461 and the target nucleic acid 463 at the large-area electrode 461.
- the probe nucleic acid 46 2 and the target nucleic acid 46 6 immobilized on this electrode 466 at a small area electrode 466 are shown.
- the upper graph 464 schematically showing the reaction with 3 shows the relationship between the target nucleic acid concentration and the normalized signal amount obtained at the middle large-area electrode 461.
- the graph 465 shows the relationship between the concentration of the target nucleic acid applied to the small-sized electrode 466 in the lower stage and the normalized signal amount obtained.
- the upper limit of the number of possible nucleic acid molecules is determined by the number of molecules of the nucleic acid probe immobilized in the nucleic acid probe immobilization region.
- the state in which the nucleic acid probe has hybridized with the target nucleic acid molecule indicates the upper limit of quantification.
- the number of nucleic acid probe molecules is determined by the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region and the nucleic acid probe immobilization density.
- the immobilization density can be set by a number of factors, but the probe concentration that can contribute to the hybrid V Normally set so that the number of children is ft larger. Densities too high or too low are undesirable.
- the immobilization density of the nucleic acid probe is set to a certain value
- the number of immobilized nucleic acid probes is determined by the area of the immobilized region of the nucleic acid probe. That is, the upper limit of the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration range is determined by the area of the nucleic acid probe fixed region.
- the lower limit of the nucleic acid concentration range depends on the variation of the detection signal and the background signal, but it is 1/1/10, 1/1 It can usually be defined as something like 00, 1/1 000.
- the range of the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration is proportional to the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region at both the upper and lower limits.
- Figure 47 shows the graph shown in the upper part of Figure 46 in more detail. It was a failure.
- Graph 471 in FIG. 47 shows the range from the noise level 472 to the saturation level 473. ⁇
- Graph 471 is saturated with the saturation level 473, The signal amount decreases in the quantifiable concentration range.
- the signal becomes constant again in the range below the quantifiable concentration.
- FIG. 48 is a diagram showing an example of a graph in which the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region is changed. O Graphs 48 1 to
- Both the upper and lower limits of the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration range are proportional to the area of the nucleic acid probe immobilization region. Utilizing this property, a device having a small-area nucleic acid probe-immobilized region is used. This reduces the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration, for example, reducing the area by two orders of magnitude reduces the concentration range by two orders of magnitude, and decreasing the area by four orders of magnitude reduces the concentration range by four orders of magnitude. Can be realized.
- the lower limit of the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration range is 1/100 of the upper limit concentration. That is, it is assumed that the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration range is two digits.
- the range of nucleic acid concentration that can be quantified is proportional to the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region at both the upper and lower limits, if the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region is reduced by two orders of magnitude, the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration The range is also reduced by two digits. Conversely, when the area increases by two digits, the concentration range also increases by two digits.
- FIG. 49 and FIG. 50 are schematic diagrams of a configuration for widening the nucleic acid concentration range.
- nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492a to 4992d having different areas are formed.
- the area of each of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492-2a-492d varies continuously by two digits.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region is defined by electrodes for immobilizing the nucleic acid probe.
- each of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492 a to 492 d is placed at a predetermined height from the substrate 491.
- a sample holding frame 493 is arranged so as to be surrounded by a square. This sample holding frame 493 has a cell region 4
- each of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 4994a to 4994d each of which has a continuously different area of two digits at a time.
- a device capable of reacting with the contained sample is formed. This allows quantification in a certain concentration range. Even when it is desired to quantify the sample of unknown concentration, it is necessary to conform to any one of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 4994a4994d and the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration range.
- Fig. 78 A to 78 show another configuration for realizing quantitative analysis of nucleic acid concentration.
- An elongated sample holding frame 783 is formed so as to surround the nucleic acid probe immobilizing region 782.
- the sample holding frame 783 divides the region on the substrate into a plurality.
- a plurality of cell regions having the same area and the same height, that is, the same volume, are connected to each other in a narrow region by connecting adjacent ones of the divided and partitioned regions with a narrow region.
- Fig. 79 shows the upper surface of these cell areas 784a to 784f covered with sample holding frame lid 786.
- the sample holding frame lid 786 functions as a lid for covering the upper surface of the sensor by being supported and fixed on the sample holding frame 783.
- a sample inlet 791a and a sample outlet 791f are provided corresponding to the senor regions 784a and 784f at both ends.
- a device is formed in which the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782 having a concentration region sufficiently lower than the concentration of the target nucleic acid to be quantified as the nucleic acid concentration range that can be quantified are arranged.o 0 Then , as shown in FIG. 78A to FIG. 78D in sequence, a sample solution 785 containing the target nucleic acid is first injected from the sample injection P 791a, and the cell region is 784a, 784b, 784c, 784d
- the movement of 8 5 is performed by, for example, injecting a sample using a pump or the like.
- the movement of the solution in the cell is the same.
- the target nucleic acid molecule undergoes a hybridization reaction and binds to the nucleic acid probe immobilized in the nucleic acid protocol immobilized region 782.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 782 formed on the substrate 781 has a sufficiently low nucleic acid concentration range that can be measured in the sample solution 785 because the target nucleic acid concentration range is sufficiently low.
- the number of nucleic acid molecules is determined by the immobilized nucleic acid probe.
- the number of target nucleic acid molecules in the solution decreases by the number of hybridized molecules.
- a similar phenomenon occurs in the second and subsequent nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions, and the number of target nucleic acid molecules in the solution gradually decreases.
- a gradual decrease in the number of target nucleic acid molecules in the solution indicates a decrease in the concentration of the target nucleic acid in the sample solution.
- a decrease in the concentration of the target nucleic acid in the sample solution indicates that the concentration of the formed nucleic acid probe immobilization region will eventually reach the range of the quantifiable nucleic acid concentration.
- detection is performed.Firstly, the cell region in which the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782 have been formed is counted. Quantitation can be performed by analyzing whether the signal has changed in the region.
- the treated sample solution 785 can be discharged from the sample outlet 791 f.
- FIGS. 80A to 8OD and FIG. 81 are diagrams showing examples of chip configurations used when it is not completely clear which concentration region the target nucleic acid concentration is.
- FIGS. 80A to 8OD show a top view with the sample holding frame lid 786 removed
- FIG. 81 shows a top view with the sample holding frame lid 786 attached.
- the same components as those in FIGS. 78 to 780 and FIG. 79 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted.
- the difference from FIGS. 78A to 78D and FIG. 79 is the configuration of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782b to 782e. In the examples of FIGS. 78A to 78D and FIG.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782 have the same area.
- the cell region 784b has immobilized nucleic acid probe regions of the same area. Region 7 8 2b is formed. Then, a plurality of nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782c having a larger area than the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 782b and the same area are formed in the cell region 7884c.
- nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 780 2d having a larger area than the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 782c is formed in the cell region 7884d.
- a plurality of nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782 e having a larger area than the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 782 d and having the same area are formed in the cell region 784 e. In this way, nucleic acid probe immobilization regions with different areas are arranged for each senor
- the target nucleic acid in the sample solution 785 and the nucleic acid probe undergo a hybridization reaction.
- the hybridization reaction is performed in order from the smaller region of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region to the larger region.
- the concentration of the target nucleic acid in the sample solution 785 decreases little. As the area increases, the decrease in target nucleic acid concentration increases. Using this, quantification over a wider range is possible, though more broadly, than in the previous method.
- Fig. 74, Fig. 75A, 75B, Fig. 76A, 76B 7 4 is a diagram showing an example of the chip configuration of the sample holding frame.
- sample solution is changed. This enables quantitative analysis.
- a nucleic acid immobilized region is formed in a matrix shape on a substrate 741, and the plurality of nucleic acid immobilized regions 742 are formed on the substrate 741. That is, for example, a sample holding frame 743 is formed so as to surround the circumference every six pieces. Multiple areas surrounded by the sample holding frame 7 4 3
- the number of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 742 contained in 744e is the same (six in FIGS. 75A and 75B). Cell area 7 4
- the areas and volumes of 4a to 744e are different from each other, i.e., the cell area 744a force S is the smallest volume, and 4b, 74b
- the volume becomes smaller as 4c, 7444d, and 7444e.
- Each of these cell regions 744a to 744e is filled with the sample solution, and thus the sample solution volume changes depending on the volume of the sensor. If the amount of the sample solution is small, the number of nucleic acid molecules contained in the solution is small. Larger amount of sample solution, more nucleic acid molecules Substrate 7
- the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 7 42 formed on 41 indicates the range of the number of detectable nucleic acid molecules. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the concentration of the target nucleic acid from the amount of the sample solution used for the reaction in the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 742 in which the amount of the detected signal has changed.
- FIG. 74, 75A ⁇ 75B, FIGS. 76A and 76B The quantitative analysis method using the chips of FIGS. 74, 75A ⁇ 75B, FIGS. 76A and 76B can be used in combination with the above-described methods. That is, the method of changing the cell volume is shown in FIG.
- the method of changing the area of the probe immobilization region shown in FIGS. 9 and 50 or the method of moving the solution shown in FIGS. 78A to 78D can be used in combination.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 772 a to 772 g is placed on the plate 770 1 by six HXs. Of the nucleic acid probe immobilization region 772 a to 772 g, a sample holding frame 773 surrounding the same area was formed, and the cell region 774 a
- the cell region 774a to 774d has the same cell volume as the chip example shown in Fig. 50, but the nucleic acid probe immobilization region ⁇ 72a ⁇ s 772 b, 772 c, and 772 d become smaller in order. Meanwhile, until the cell region 7 7 4 d ⁇ 7 7 4 g, Fig 7 5 A, 7
- the area of 7 2 e to 7 72 g is the same, its cross-sectional area and body force s are different. That is, the cell area 774 d has the smallest senor sectional area and volume, and the cell areas 774 e, 774 f, and 7 7
- the probe-immobilized regions 772 a to 772 d are arranged in ascending order of large area, and the area is reduced to the smallest possible area.
- the volume of the snore ie, the amount of the sample solution
- the cell cross-sectional area and volume, i.e., sample solution, of the probe immobilization region 772 e to 772 g that has the same area as the probe immobilization region 772 d with the smallest area formed Gradually increase the volume.
- the liquid volume must be increased, and the device size is large. U. Therefore, a similar method involving drying of the solution may be considered. Instead of gradually increasing the volume of the solution, repeat the steps of drying the initially injected solution and injecting the solution again. As a result, concentration of the target nucleic acid occurs, and the number of nucleic acid molecules in the liquid increases. A plurality of areas with one area for immobilizing the probe were formed. The number of repetitions of the injection is changed stepwise. The concentration of nucleic acid can be calculated from the number of repetitions in the probe immobilization region where the detected signal amount has changed.
- FIGS. 51 to 53 show chips 5 10 of configuration example 1.
- a nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 5 12 a 5 d was formed on 11.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 5 12 a to 5 12 d is a perfect circle and has a diameter of 5 12 a and a force of S 500 ⁇ m, 5 12 b and a force of 200 ⁇ m and 5 1 2 c Force S 100 ⁇ m, 5 12 d Force S has four types of areas, each of which is formed by six. Nucleic acid probes having six different sequences can be immobilized on each area. Therefore, it is possible to quantitatively detect a sample in which target nucleic acids of six different sequences are mixed.
- a sample holding frame 5 13 for holding the sample solution is formed on the substrate.
- the sample holding frame 5 13 divides each of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 5 12 a to 5 12 d into areas, and defines cell regions 5 14 a to 5 14 d. Further, a sample holding frame lid 515 is formed on the sample holding frame 513. In the sample holding frame lid 515, a target nucleic acid sample injection population 516a to 516d and a sample outlet 516e to 516h are formed.
- FIGS. 54 to 63C show modified examples of the configurations of FIGS. 51 to 53. The same components as those of FIGS. 51 to 53 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIGS. 54 to 56 show examples of the configuration of a chip 550 in which nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 5122a to 512d are not arranged in a single line.
- the immobilization regions 512a are arranged two by two in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, and the same applies to the nucleic acid prop immobilization regions 512b to 512d.
- the sample holding frame lids 5 16 a to 5 16 h are separated from each other on the diagonal line of the cell regions 5 14 a to 5 14 d.
- FIGS. 57A and 57B and FIGS. 58A and 58B are configuration examples of the chip 570.
- This is a configuration example in which a sample holding frame portion 581 is formed on the substrate 511 itself.
- a sample holding groove 582 is provided by the sample holding frame portion 581, and defines cell areas 514a to 514d.
- Other configurations are the same as in FIGS. 51 to 53.
- FIGS. 59A and 59B and FIGS. 60A and 60B are configuration examples of a chip 590 in which a sample holding frame and a sample holding frame lid are integrated.
- the sample holding frame 591 shown in FIG. 60B, holds the sample and functions as a lid of the frame for holding the sample.
- Other configurations are the same as in FIGS. 51 to 53 o
- Figures 61A to 61C, 62A to 62C, and Figures 63A to 63C are modifications of the sample holding frame lid.
- FIGS. 61A and 61B show examples using the same sample holding frame 591 as in FIGS. 59 and 1_).
- Sample holding frame 5 In 91 the side wall of the cell region 5114a5114d is formed perpendicular to the substrate 511 and is formed horizontally on the top surface S substrate 511.
- the cross section may be semicircular as shown in Fig. 61C.
- FIGS. 62A62C the sample holding frame 62 1 separates the nucleic acid probe immobilized region in each senor region.
- FIG. 63A 63C is obtained.
- a sample holding frame 622 having a semicircular cross section delimits the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region in each senor region.
- FIGS. 54 to 63C are further applicable to the configurations of FIGS. 64 and 82 below.
- FIGS. 64 to 66 show further modified examples of the chip.
- Fig. 6 4 The basic configuration of tip 64 shown in Fig. 66 is shown in Figs.
- the same components as those shown in FIG. 0 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description is omitted.
- the chip 64 in FIG. 64 the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 49 shown in FIG. 49 and FIG. 50 is used.
- a plurality (6 in the figure) is provided for each of the 2a4992d, and the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 4992a4992d is separated by a sample holding frame 641 one by one.
- a sample holding frame lid 642 is placed on this sample holding frame 641. Is placed.
- the force S 494 a to 494 d is set for each of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 49 2 a to 49 2 d. It can be used when there are many types of test solution samples and they are not mixed.
- Fig. 67 to Fig. 69 are further modified examples of the chip.
- the basic configuration of the chip 670 shown in FIGS. 67 to 69 is the same as the configuration shown in FIGS. 64 to 66, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description is omitted. I do.
- the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492a to 492d are provided close to each other with the same area.
- a meandering groove is formed in the sample holding frame 671.
- the sample holding frame lid 674 provided in 71 defines a meandering single elongated and single cell region 673. At the positions corresponding to both ends of the senor region 673 of the sample holding frame lid 674, the sample inlet 672a and the sample outlet 6
- the sample is distributed to all the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492-2a to 4992d by a single sample injection.
- FIGS. 70A to 70D are modifications of FIGS. 67 to 69.
- 0A is the same top view as FIG. Figure 70B and 7 show the improvement of the bent part of the chip area 700 in the chip 700.
- the cell regions 70 1 a and 70 1 b shown in 0 C are defined by the sample holding frames 70 2 a and 70 2 b. These senor areas 7 0 In 1a and 700b, the meandering flow path does not have a constant cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional areas of the cell regions 700a and 700b decrease in the meandering portion. That is, the flow path becomes narrower
- the sample holding region is partitioned by the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 492a to 492d. Then, the separated cell regions are connected to each other by a thin channel.
- FIGS. 70B and C show the cell areas 70 1a and 7
- the same sample holding frame 671 as in FIG. 68 may be used, and the flow path restricting member 704 may be arranged at the breakpoint to partially restrict the flow of the fluid. .
- the chip 7 10 in FIGS. 71 to 73 is a further modified example.
- the configuration is similar to that of FIGS. 80A to 80D and FIG. 81 described above, and common components are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted. The difference is that the sample exits from the sample inlet 791 side.
- FIGS. 74, 75 A, 75 B, 76 A, and 76 B show the chip 740 of the configuration example 2.
- the basic configuration has been described above and will not be described.
- the cross-sectional areas of the cell regions 744a to 744e formed by the substrate 741, the sample holding frame 743, and the sample holding frame footer 745 are different from each other.
- all the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 742 are in the shape of a perfect circle with a diameter of 50 ⁇ m.
- Sectional area of the cell region 7 4 4 a ⁇ 7 4 4 e is 0.
- the cross-sectional area of the cell region 744 a 74 4 e may be defined by one or both of the base force, the height, the width, or both. This cross-sectional area is, for example, in the example of FIG. 76B, the substrate 741, the sample holding frame 743, and the sample holding frame lid 7
- Figures 77A to 77C show the configuration of chip 51 in Figures 51 to 53 and the configuration of chip 74 in Figures 74, 75A, 75B, and 76A 776B.
- the basic configuration of Figs. 77A to 77C is omitted because it has been described above.
- nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 772 a772 g As the area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 772 a772 g is smaller, a region having a lower nucleic acid concentration is a detectable range as the area is smaller. Furthermore, the larger the amount of sample per area of the nucleic acid probe-immobilized region 7772a to 7772g, the lower the nucleic acid concentration and the range of the detectable range. By combining these, it is possible to analyze nucleic acids over a wider range with a small amount of sample.
- Configuration example 3 a chip configuration example in the case of performing nucleic acid quantitative analysis using a device having a cell region in which a sample solution can be moved between nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions is shown.
- FIGS. 78A to 78D and FIG. 79 are diagrams illustrating an example of the chip 780 of the third configuration example.
- the basic configuration has been described above and will not be described.
- this chip 780 all the nucleic acid probe-immobilized regions 782 are formed as perfect circles with a diameter of 20 m.
- the sample solution is moved to the cell area 784 a and the cell area 784 b after a sufficient time for the nucleic acid probe and the target nucleic acid to undergo the hybridization reaction. Move to Move the sample sequentially and pass it through all the probe immobilization areas 782.
- FIGS. 82 to 85 functional blocks such as sensors, normalization, subtraction, current / voltage conversion, and A / D conversion are arranged as shown in FIGS. 82 to 85 below. It is stopped.
- Fig. 8 2 For simplicity of explanation, two sensors 8 2 2 8 2 3 with different electrode areas for measuring the ground current are different from the electrode areas for measuring the back ground current.
- FIG. 82 is a diagram functionally showing the configuration shown in FIGS. 14 and 19 of the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 82, the nucleic acid detection sensor section 821, the background and level detection sensor section 82
- the nucleic acid detection sensor section 821 with 4 has a sensor 822 having an electrode area A and an electrode area A. ( ⁇ 1) sensor 8 23 is provided.
- the solid ground level detection sensor section 824 has a sensor 825 having an electrode area A and an electrode area HI. Equipped with 8 sensors
- a normalizing unit 827 is arranged on the output side of the nucleic acid detection sensor unit 821.
- the normalizing section 827 includes current width sections 828 and 829.
- the current amplifying section 8 2 8 outputs the output current of the sensor 8 2 2
- the current width section 8 2 9 which amplifies by 1 times and outputs it to the subtraction section 8 3 3 amplifies the output current of the sensor 8 2 3 by 1 / a times, and
- a normalizer 830 is arranged on the output side of the back ground detector / detector 824.
- the normalizing unit 8330 includes a current amplifier 831 and 832.
- the current amplifier 8 3 1 is connected to the sensor
- the output current from 8 25 is multiplied by 1 and output to the subtraction section 8 33.
- the current amplifying section 832 receives the output current from the sensor 826. l Amplify by Za times and output to subtraction section 833.
- the subtractor 833 subtracts the output current of the current amplifier 831 from the output current of the current amplifier 828 and outputs the result to the current-voltage converter 8334. Further, the subtraction unit 833 subtracts the output current of the current amplification unit 832 from the output current of the current amplification unit 829 and outputs the result to the current-voltage conversion unit 8334.
- the current-to-voltage converter 834 includes two current-to-voltage converters 835 and 826.
- the current-voltage converter 8 35 has an electrode area A.
- the power calculated for the sensors 822 and 825 is converted to voltage and output to the selector 1336.
- the current-voltage converter 836 has an electrode area A. Subtract output current to sensors 8 23 and 8 26 of this converter and convert the current to output to selector 13 36
- the functions of the selector 1336 and the AZD connector 1337 are the same as those shown in the above embodiments.
- FIG. 83 is a functional block diagram corresponding to the embodiment in which FIG. 36 is applied to FIG. 33.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in FIG. 82, and the detailed description will be omitted.
- Fig. 8 3 3 Sensor 8 2
- the output it stream of 2, 8, 23, 825, 826 is output to the subtraction section 833.
- the subtraction section 833 subtracts the output current of the sensor 8222 from the output current of the sensor 8225 and outputs the result to the current / width section 8842 of the normalization section 841.
- the subtractor 833 subtracts the output current of the sensor 826 from the output current of the sensor 823, and
- the current amplifying unit 842 amplifies the subtracted output current by a factor of 1 and outputs it to the CT voltage converting unit 835. 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ 4 4 4 04002205
- the current is amplified by lZo; times and output to the current-voltage converter 836.
- the functions subsequent to the current-voltage converter 8334 are the same as those in Fig.82.
- FIG. 84 corresponds to an embodiment in which the subtraction is performed in the arithmetic processing unit 113 outside the nucleic acid detection chip 12 in the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the current-to-voltage converters 852 to 855 convert the voltages of the respective outputs to output to the selector 1336.
- Each output voltage is output to the arithmetic processing unit 113 outside the nucleic acid detection chip 122 via the selector 136 and the A / D converter 137.
- Subtraction unit 1 1 3 a in arithmetic processing unit 1 1 3 is ⁇ sensor 8 2
- the output data of sensor 825 is subtracted from the output data of sensor 2, and the output data of sensor 826 is subtracted from the output data of sensor 823.
- FIG. 85 is a functional block diagram corresponding to the configurations shown in FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. Figure 8 shows the configuration of the nucleic acid detection sensor section 821, the background level detection sensor section 824, the normalization sections 827 and 8330, and the current-voltage conversion section 851. Same as 4 example.
- the subtraction unit 833 subtracts the output voltage of the current-voltage conversion unit 854 from the output voltage of the current-voltage conversion unit 852 and outputs the result to the selector 1336. Also, the subtraction section 8 33 3 converts the output voltage of the current-voltage conversion section 8 5 3 into a current-voltage conversion section 8 5 5 The output voltage of is subtracted and output to the selector 1336.
- FIGS. 82 to 85 are merely examples, and the order of each configuration can be variously changed.
- the nucleic acid concentration can be measured with high accuracy over a wide dynamic range.
- the present invention is effective in the technical field of a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip, a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis device, and a nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method for quantitatively analyzing the concentration of a target nucleic acid contained in a sample. .
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04714496A EP1530043A4 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-25 | ANALYTICAL CHIP, ANALYTICAL DEVICE AND ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR QUANTIFYING THE CONCENTRATION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS |
| US11/082,877 US20050164286A1 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2005-03-18 | Nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip, nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis apparatus, and nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003049614 | 2003-02-26 | ||
| JP2003-049614 | 2003-02-26 | ||
| JP2004044368A JP3917595B2 (ja) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-20 | 核酸濃度定量分析チップ、核酸濃度定量分析装置および核酸濃度定量分析方法 |
| JP2004-044368 | 2004-02-20 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/082,877 Continuation US20050164286A1 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2005-03-18 | Nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis chip, nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis apparatus, and nucleic acid concentration quantitative analysis method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004077041A1 true WO2004077041A1 (ja) | 2004-09-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/002205 Ceased WO2004077041A1 (ja) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-02-25 | 核酸濃度定量分析チップ、核酸濃度定量分析装置および核酸濃度定量分析方法 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050164286A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1530043A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3917595B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100701134B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100437105C (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200427842A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004077041A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20050084832A (ko) | 2005-08-29 |
| CN1701232A (zh) | 2005-11-23 |
| TW200427842A (en) | 2004-12-16 |
| KR100701134B1 (ko) | 2007-03-29 |
| EP1530043A4 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
| JP2004309462A (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
| EP1530043A1 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
| CN100437105C (zh) | 2008-11-26 |
| US20050164286A1 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| JP3917595B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 |
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