WO2004090438A1 - Capteur solaire et procede d'exploitation - Google Patents

Capteur solaire et procede d'exploitation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004090438A1
WO2004090438A1 PCT/DK2004/000257 DK2004000257W WO2004090438A1 WO 2004090438 A1 WO2004090438 A1 WO 2004090438A1 DK 2004000257 W DK2004000257 W DK 2004000257W WO 2004090438 A1 WO2004090438 A1 WO 2004090438A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
medium
solar collector
energy
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK2004/000257
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English (en)
Inventor
Erik Villum Skovbjerg
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP04726096A priority Critical patent/EP1613902A1/fr
Publication of WO2004090438A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004090438A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/30—Solar heat collectors using working fluids with means for exchanging heat between two or more working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/504—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired non-plane plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a solar collector containing a box with sides and a bottom, where the top of the box is formed by glass, where the box includes at least a first panel for absorbing solar energy, where first panel has a front side and a rear side, where the front side of the panel faces the glass of the solar collector, where the panel is flowed through by a first medium, where the first medium is conducting the absorbed energy to a consumer or to an energy store.
  • the invention also concerns a method for utilising solar energy, where a first medium flows through at least a first panel absorbing energy from direct irradiation, where the panel is disposed behind glass in an insulated unit, and where the first medium is conducted to a consumer and back to the panel.
  • DE 43 38 520 Al discloses an evacuated solar collector, built up as a chamber constructed of two curved halves, where an underpressure in the chamber results in com- pressive forces on the outer side of the chamber, pressing the two halves against each other, where one of the chamber sides is formed by glass, and where the chamber contains an absorption plate to which is fastened pipes flowed through by a medium.
  • This solar collector will only operate efficiently where strong direct radiation occurs. With weak or diffused sunlight, the solar collector will be poorly suited for absorbing solar energy.
  • US 4,172,442 concerns a solar collector system with high energy absorption by simultaneously heating a gas and a fluid medium flowing through the solar collector.
  • the gas flows in a narrow passage at the sun side of the duct for the fluid medium.
  • Exposure time for gas and fluid medium is regulated with an independent thermostatic con- trol.
  • the hot gas and the heated fluid medium may be used for energy supply to buildings and heating of tap water. Both the fluid medium and the gas are conducted out from the solar collector through pipes or ducts, and heat exchange occurs outside the solar collector itself.
  • a solar collector of this type is only suitable with the presence of strong incident solar radiation. If the sun is standing low, heating of gas will largely occur by simultaneous cooling of the fluid medium. At the same time, the gas is to flow into and out of the solar collector, where the gas flow will presuppose using means for establishing a gas flow.
  • the solar collector may contain a second medium, where at least the front side of the panel may contain heat exchanger surfaces that can be flowed through by the second medium, where the second medium can flow around heat exchanger surfaces by convection, and where the second medium deposits power on the panel.
  • the heat exchanger surfaces can be heated by solar radiation and that heat exchanger surfaces can deposit some of the their energy in the sec- ond medium which, due to a desired convection flow, passes the heat exchanger surfaces.
  • the second medium absorbs from or releases power to the heat exchanger surfaces.
  • a solar collector will often be coldest, and heat exchanger surfaces can absorb energy from the second medium where the heat exchanger surfaces can give off power to the panel. Absorbing energy from the second medium can result in a considerable increase in the efficiency of the solar collector.
  • the back side of the panel can contain heat exchanger surfaces.
  • the back side of the panel which is to be colder than the front side, can absorb the energy supplied to the heat exchanger surface on the front side of the panel.
  • energy may be utilised at the front side as well as the back side of the panel, and additional amplification of the efficiency of the solar collector may be attained.
  • the panel can be disposed behind an absorption plate where between absorption plate and panel there may be found at least one duct flowed through by the second medium, where the absorption plate on the forward facing side may contain a decoration.
  • absorption plate where the energy of the absorption plate is given off to the surrounding second me- dium which subsequently supplies power to the panel by means of the heat exchanger surfaces.
  • Direct heat conduction from absorption plate to the panel may occur if a number of partitioning surfaces are formed in the duct formed between panel and absorption plate, where the partitioning surfaces have sufficient transverse profile in order to transmit heat.
  • the absorption plate can be designed with a plane surface facing forwards, the surface may be decorated, and the solar collector may appear as a piece of art. Because the solar collector will operate with high efficiency even when mounted vertically, solar collectors may form direct part of building fronts. Front decoration can be solar collectors. In practice, other colours than black will absorb about the same power, however, the use of very light colours should be avoided. Thereby, an artist may colour solar collectors without substantial loss of efficiency.
  • the panel may have heat exchanger surfaces in the form of external ducts having trapezoidal cross-section, where the longest side of the cross-section is common with the panel.
  • closed ducts are formed at the outer sides of the panel, where convection flow can occur in the ducts. If the solar collector is raised to a large angle relative to a horizontal plane, strong convectional flow may occur in the closed ducts.
  • energy may be exchanged between the front side of the ducts that is impinged by the direct solar radiation, and the back side of the ducts which can be formed by the surface of the panel.
  • the second medium can flow up and out of the ducts, after which the second medium can supply further energy to the back side of the panel, where cooling will make the second medium seek towards the bottom of the solar collector.
  • the sides of the cross-section of the ducts can have an angle of at least 30 degrees relative to the surface of the panel. Hereby may be achieved a steep profile where the formed ducts have a large cross-sectional area with limited material consumption.
  • the solar collector can be disposed at an angle of at least 45 degrees relative to horizontal plane.
  • the solar collector becomes more efficient as convectional flow in the second medium in the solar collector requires that the solar collector is upright, where a vertical disposition will be optimal for the convection flow, but a lesser angle may be optimal for direct incident solar radiation.
  • the external ducts of the panel can cover 75% of the panel front side at the most. Hereby may be achieved that direct incident solar radiation can occur directly to the panel, which is heated thereby.
  • the solar collector may contain at least one heat exchanger that cools the second medium of the solar collector, where the heat exchanger may be flowed through by the first medium which may be heated in the heat exchanger, where the first medium from the heat exchanger may be flowing to the inlet of the panel.
  • the second medium can be cooled efficiently, where the cooled medium automatically becomes heavier and will seek towards the bottom of the panel, from which the medium can be reheated, possibly by the passing of a duct, where the medium seeks towards the top of the panel.
  • the inlet of the heat exchanger for the second medium occurs at the top of the solar collector, the internal flow rate for the second medium in the solar collector may be substantially increased, and a further increase of the efficiency of the solar collector can be achieved.
  • the solar collector can contain a first panel for absorbing radiation energy and convection energy from the heated second medium, where the solar collector can contain a second panel that may be disposed behind the first panel, where the second panel contains heat conducting surfaces for absorbing convection energy from the heated second medium, where the second panel is flowed through by the first medium that also flows through the first panel, where the panels are serially connected as to flow with regard to the first medium, where the second panel has connection to an inlet for the first medium, where the second panel has connection to an outlet for the first medium.
  • the second medium can supply heat to the second panel which may be colder than the first panel. Cooling of the second medium will make the medium heavier, and the internal flow of the second medium is increased, whereby the efficiency of the solar collector is increased.
  • the panel may be disposed behind an absorption plate, where between absorption plate and panel there is provided at least one duct which is flowed through by the second medium, which absorption plate on the forward facing side contains electric solar panels. In this way electric power can be collected and simultaneously the first and the second medium is heated.
  • electric solar panels By placing electric solar panels on the front surface of the absorption plate heat generated in the electric solar panels are conducted to the panel by the flowing second medium and by direct heat transmission through the sidewalls of the ducts. This leads to a lower operating temperature for the electric solar power panels and to a higher electric energy production.
  • the top of the box might be formed by a glass pane, which glass pane comprises at leas one film, which film is converting solar energy into electric energy.
  • a glass pane which glass pane comprises at leas one film, which film is converting solar energy into electric energy.
  • the electric solar panel does only reduce the heating of the panels below a little, but the circulating media under the pane and in the panels reduce the temperature at the electrical solar power elements.
  • the invention may also include a method as the one described in the introduction, if the method includes that at least the first panel may contain means for absorbing energy from a convection flow in a second medium that may surround the panel, where the convection flow may occur in a closed circuit delimited by the solar collector, where the panel may contain heat conducting surfaces at least at the front side of the of the panel for absorbing energy from the second medium.
  • the method is particularly efficient for utilising weak and diffuse solar radiation often appearing at high latitudes.
  • Absorbing energy from the second medium may occur in a heat exchanger, where the energy of the second medium is transferred to the first medium.
  • a very efficient cooling of the second medium where the first medium is simultaneously heated.
  • preheating of the first medium can be achieved before the medium is further heated in the panel.
  • the second medium will, after cooling in the heat exchanger, increase its weight and seek towards the bottom of the solar collector, whereby the internal flow in the solar collector is increased.
  • the heat exchanger may advantageously have access to the second medium at the up- per side of the panel. Hereby may be achieved that the second medium is applied where the medium temperature is highest. Thereby, a heat exchanger can be disposed arbitrarily relative to the panel. If the outlet of the heat exchanger has connection to a volume behind the panel, the medium will flow towards the bottom and be reheated. Hereby, the natural flow in a solar collector may be increased.
  • Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of a solar collector seen from the front
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the same solar collector
  • Fig. 3 shows a transverse section of the same solar collector
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a first alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows a transverse section through the first alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a second alternative embodiment of a solar collector
  • Fig. 7 shows a transverse section through the second alternative embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 8 shows a detail of a fourth alternative embodiment of a solar collector
  • Fig. 9 shows a detail of the lower part of Fig. 7,
  • Fig. 10 shows a section through a third alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 11 shows a section through an embodiment of the invention comprising electric solar panels.
  • Fig 12 shows a front view of a solar collector comprising electric solar panels.
  • Fig. 1 shows a possible embodiment of a solar collector 1 as seen from the front where the solar collector contains a box 2 in which panels 2 and 3 are found.
  • the panels 2 and 3 are connected by connections 5 and 6 so that panels 2 and 3 are built together, where the panels are communicating with a not shown inlet and outlet.
  • the panels 2 and 3 contain heat conducting surfaces in the form of ducts 7.
  • the solar collector 1 has two inlets 21 for the first medium and has two outlets 22 for the first medium.
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the solar collector 1, where the panels 3 and 4 are found. The panels are shown with ducts 7.
  • the solar collector 1 has a top plate 8 and a glass plate 9, where the solar collector 1 has rear plate 10 and a bottom plate 13.
  • the solar collector 1 contains an insulation material 11, where a reflector 12 is disposed between insulation 11 and panels 3 or 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the solar collector 1.
  • the panel 4 with ducts 7 is shown under the glass plate 9, where the solar collector contains insulation 11 under a reflector 12, and where the solar collector has sides 14 and 15.
  • Solar collectors 1 shown in Figs. 1 - 3 operate in that sun rays pass through the glass plate 9 and impinge on the panels 3 and 4, which are thereby heated.
  • the sun rays also impinge on the ducts 7 at the outer side of the ducts 7.
  • the ducts 7 are heated, and the ducts 7 yield heat by radiation and by heating the ambient second medium.
  • the second medium becomes lighter by heating, and the medium rises up under continuing heating until the second medium reaches the top of the panel.
  • the medium will here, due to continued convection flow, be forced to the rear side of the panel, where the second medium is cooled by contact with the panel 3, whereby the second medium becomes heavier during continuous cooling, and the medium sinks down to the bottom 13 of the solar collector, where the second medium may repeat its flow.
  • the solar collector can attain a very high efficiency, also in diffuse sun radiation with the sun standing low.
  • Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the solar collector 101, where panels 103 and 104 are provided. The panels are shown with ducts 107.
  • the solar collector 101 has a top plate 108 and a glass plate 109, where the solar collector 101 has a rear plate 110 and a bottom plate 113.
  • the solar collector 101 contains an insulation material
  • Panels 103 and 104 contain ducts 116 at their rear sides.
  • Fig. 5 shows a second possible embodiment of the solar collector, where Fig. 5 shows a cross-section through the solar collector 101.
  • the panel 104 with ducts 107 are shown under the glass plate 109, where the solar collector contains insulation 111 under a reflector 112, where the solar collector has sides 114 and 115.
  • the solar collector differs from the solar collector shown on Figs. 1 - 3 by containing ducts 116 at the rear sides of the panels 103 and 104.
  • ducts 116 at the rear side of the panels means that the heated second medium is provided access to a far larger area that may conduct heat into the panels. Thereby, the efficiency is further increased.
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the solar collector 201, where the panels 203 and 204 are provided.
  • the panels are shown with ducts 207.
  • the solar collector 201 has a top plate 208 and a glass plate 209, where the solar collector 201 has a rear plate 210 and a bottom plate 213.
  • the solar collector 201 contains an insulation material 211 where a reflector 212 is disposed between insulation 211 and panels 203 and 204.
  • the panels 203 and 204 contain ducts 216 at their rear sides.
  • the solar collector contains the second panel 217 containing ducts 218 and 219, where the panel 204 con- tains heat conducting surfaces 220.
  • the panel 217 is shown with a possible inlet for the first medium 211, where the panel 203 is shown with a possible outlet 222 for the first medium.
  • An internal connection 223 for the first medium is shown between the panels 217 and 204.
  • Fig. 7 shows a third possible embodiment of the solar collector, where Fig. 7 shows a cross-section through the solar collector 201.
  • the panel 204 with ducts 207 is shown under the glass plate 209, where the solar collector contains insulation 211 under a reflector 212, where the solar collector has sides 214 and 215.
  • the solar collector contains ducts 116 at the rear sides of the panels 103 and 104.
  • the solar collector contains a second panel 217 disposed behind the first panel 204.
  • the second panel 217 contains ducts 218 and 219.
  • the second medium By flowing towards the top of the panels, the second medium, which is heated at the front side of the panels 203 and 204, will come into contact with the panel 217 that is receiving cooled first medium through inlet 221. The second medium is cooled while the first medium is heated. Due to cooling by contact with panel 217 or ducts 218 and 219, the second medium sinks down against heat conducting surfaces which are con- nected to the panel 204, whereby heat conduction occurs from the second medium to the panel 204.
  • Fig. 8 shows a section through a third possible embodiment of the solar collector, where there is shown a glass plate 309 and a panel 303 which is surrounded by ducts 317 and 318, where between glass plate 309 and ducts 317 there is provided an adsorption plate 321.
  • Solar radiation will impinge on the plane adsorption plate 321, where the sides of the ducts 317 are conducting heat to the panel 303.
  • the second medium will flow in and between the ducts 317 where the second medium can exchange heat with the panels as previously described.
  • FIG. 9 shows a detailed section through the second embodiment of the invention.
  • a glass plate 209 lies in front of a panel 204 containing ducts 207 at the front side, where the panel 204 contains heat conducting surfaces 220 at the rear side.
  • Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section through the solar collector 401, where the panels 403 and 404 are found. The panels are shown with ducts 407.
  • the solar collector 401 has a top plate 408 and a glass plate 409, where the solar collector 401 has a rear plate
  • the solar collector 401 contains an insulation material 411, where a reflector 412 is disposed between insulation 411 and panels 403 and 404.
  • the panels 403 and 404 contain ducts 416 at their rear side.
  • the solar collector contains a heat exchanger 424 where the panel 404 contains heat conducting surfaces 420.
  • the heat exchanger 424 is shown with a possible inlet for the first medium 421, where the panel 403 is shown with a possible outlet 422 for the first medium.
  • An internal connection 423 for the first medium is shown between the panels 417 and 404.
  • heat exchanger 424 implies very effective cooling of the second medium which may leave the heat exchanger at a temperature which is only few degrees over the inlet temperature for the first medium.
  • the energy content in the second medium is utilised optimally, and the internal convection flow in the solar collector is considerably increased. Thereby is achieved a very high efficiency for the invention.
  • the heat exchanger can be disposed outside the solar collector itself, and the second medium can be conducted through ducts back and forth to the heat exchanger.
  • Fig. 11 shows a section through an embodiment of the invention comprising electric solar panels.
  • a panel 503 which is surrounded by ducts 517 and 518, where in front of the ducts 517 there is provided an adsorption plate 521.
  • the adsorption plate contains on the front side electric solar panel 525 for production of electric power.
  • the adsorption plate is cooled by the circulating second media and the temperature of the electric solar panels is reduced. Increasing temperature of electric solar power elements leads to decreasing power production. In this way cooling of the electric panels is increasing the power production.
  • Fig 12 shows a front view of a solar collector comprising electric solar panels 525.
  • the heat exchanger may be cooled a second medium circuit for the first medium, particularly the heat exchanger can be suited for heating tap water, where the tape water is to be further heated subsequently, which either can occur with the normal circuit of the solar collector, or with other known means for heating.
  • a pump for increasing through flow of the second medium through the heat exchanger.
  • a solar collector with glass and a water-filled cooling element operates by incident sun light passing through the glass without appreciable energy loss, and the light also passes through air almost without loss
  • the heated surface emits light with considerably lower wavelength, a wavelength with only can pass the glass to a lesser extent, the glass partly acting as a mirror.
  • Heating of the ambient air occurs simultaneously with the hot surfaces emit- ting light. Heated air rises, so an air flow will be initiated.
  • Utilisation of the heated air can result in a substantial increase of the efficiency of a solar collector.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'utilisation de l'énergie solaire et un capteur solaire comportant une boîte (1) avec des côtés (14, 15) et un fond (13). Le haut de la boîte (2) est en verre (9), et la boîte (2) comprend au moins un premier panneau (3) absorbant l'énergie solaire. Ce panneau (3) comporte un côté avant et un côté arrière. Le côté avant fait face au verre (9) du capteur, et le panneau (3) est traversé par un premier milieu qui conduit l'énergie absorbée vers l'utilisateur ou vers une unité de stockage d'énergie. Le capteur renferme un second milieu, et au moins le côté avant du panneau (3) comporte des surfaces d'échange thermique (7) traversées par ce second milieu, par convection, sachant que ledit second milieu transfère de la puissance au panneau.
PCT/DK2004/000257 2003-04-09 2004-04-07 Capteur solaire et procede d'exploitation Ceased WO2004090438A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04726096A EP1613902A1 (fr) 2003-04-09 2004-04-07 Capteur solaire et procede d'exploitation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200300543 2003-04-09
DKPA200300543 2003-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004090438A1 true WO2004090438A1 (fr) 2004-10-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2004/000257 Ceased WO2004090438A1 (fr) 2003-04-09 2004-04-07 Capteur solaire et procede d'exploitation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1613902A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004090438A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875925A (en) * 1974-01-08 1975-04-08 John G Johnston Solar heater
US4172442A (en) 1978-05-15 1979-10-30 Bio Gas Systems, Inc. Solar energy collector system and method
US4282860A (en) * 1976-12-23 1981-08-11 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Hot air type solar heat-collecting apparatus
US4309983A (en) * 1979-07-27 1982-01-12 Robert Brill Solar heat collector
US4400577A (en) * 1981-07-16 1983-08-23 Spear Reginald G Thin solar cells
US4423718A (en) 1982-02-24 1984-01-03 Garrison John D Solar collector panel and energy shield
FR2679019A1 (fr) * 1991-07-10 1993-01-15 Chen De Shen Capteur solaire.
DE4338520A1 (de) 1993-11-11 1995-05-18 Saechsische Landesgewerbefoerd Evakuierter Solarkollektor
DE19824027A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Michael Loeffler Flüssigkeitskollektor mit Grenzschichtabsaugung
US6147295A (en) * 1996-02-07 2000-11-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Sunlight energy conversion apparatus, and air circulation system

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3875925A (en) * 1974-01-08 1975-04-08 John G Johnston Solar heater
US4282860A (en) * 1976-12-23 1981-08-11 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Hot air type solar heat-collecting apparatus
US4172442A (en) 1978-05-15 1979-10-30 Bio Gas Systems, Inc. Solar energy collector system and method
US4309983A (en) * 1979-07-27 1982-01-12 Robert Brill Solar heat collector
US4400577A (en) * 1981-07-16 1983-08-23 Spear Reginald G Thin solar cells
US4423718A (en) 1982-02-24 1984-01-03 Garrison John D Solar collector panel and energy shield
FR2679019A1 (fr) * 1991-07-10 1993-01-15 Chen De Shen Capteur solaire.
DE4338520A1 (de) 1993-11-11 1995-05-18 Saechsische Landesgewerbefoerd Evakuierter Solarkollektor
US6147295A (en) * 1996-02-07 2000-11-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Sunlight energy conversion apparatus, and air circulation system
DE19824027A1 (de) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-02 Michael Loeffler Flüssigkeitskollektor mit Grenzschichtabsaugung

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