WO2004101896A1 - Digue modulaire de protection des cotes - Google Patents

Digue modulaire de protection des cotes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004101896A1
WO2004101896A1 PCT/ES2004/000215 ES2004000215W WO2004101896A1 WO 2004101896 A1 WO2004101896 A1 WO 2004101896A1 ES 2004000215 W ES2004000215 W ES 2004000215W WO 2004101896 A1 WO2004101896 A1 WO 2004101896A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
modules
dike
prismatic
module
modular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2004/000215
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Josep Ramón MEDINA FOLGADO
Joaquín RODRÍGUEZ MAS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
Original Assignee
Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad Politecnica de Valencia filed Critical Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
Priority to EP04733002A priority Critical patent/EP1624114A1/fr
Priority to US10/556,868 priority patent/US20060275081A1/en
Publication of WO2004101896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004101896A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the field of coastal maritime works, levees and coastal breakwaters, intended to reduce the energy of the waves that reach the coast to improve the stability of the beaches or reduce the overflow and improve the conditions of coastal flooding by effect of the storms.
  • the object of the invention is to define modular units that allow the construction of coastal maritime works, dikes or breakwaters of various shapes and sizes that can be installed on the coast in a very short time and can be easily dismantled and with an environmental impact reduced.
  • the invention is especially suitable for coastal protection works in emergency situations after major storms, when it is necessary to protect the coastline from the waves without having the usual time and information to be able to build a conventional work that is effective and safe from the point of view. environmental.
  • the beaches and low coastal areas are spaces especially sensitive to the elevation of the average sea level and the intensification of the storms.
  • these spaces are the fundamental basis of the most important economic sector in many regions: sun and beach tourism.
  • the beach is the critical factor of production of the tourism industry and its erosion, even temporarily, can cause devastating economic effects. That is why there have long been different types of conventional maritime works based on loose materials that are used in coastal protection such as the usual breakwaters and exempt dikes that cover various areas of coastline with various shapes and sections.
  • Other types of less frequent coast protection levees are used, mainly based on concrete with special shapes, generally designed to save money on construction or increase the efficiency in the stabilization of the nearby beach.
  • the "Prefabricated erosion prevention wall” proposes a dike consisting of prefabricated units of an almost triangular shape but with the concave face to the sea to cause the breakage of the waves and the deposition of sediments in the posterior area; This exempt dike is permanently placed in the area of breakers to attenuate and partly reflect the energy of the waves, stand on the beach and serve to improve its stability conditions.
  • Type y Similar behavior has the "Wave dissipation submerged dike” (JP2112512, 1990).
  • the "Submerged breakwater and barrier reef '(patent US5120156, 1992) proposes the construction of submerged reef dikes joining concrete units concavely towards the seabed and convex towards the sea and the coast with a few holes in the coronation to dissipate and reflect energy protecting the coast; the proposal includes tongue and groove systems to join the units in series forming a compact longitudinal dike, there are some similar variants of this patent.
  • the "Submerged breakwater and barrier reef '(US5238326, 1993) proposes a scheme triangular prismatic similar to the "Shoreline breakwater” but with a special submerged boot type coronation designed to reduce wave energy and keep sediments in the back area.
  • the object of the invention is to define modular elements. Small, smaller in section than that of the dike that is intended to be built, and that allow the construction, reconstruction, relocation and / or dismantling of maritime works and coastal protection dams of various sections and sizes very quickly.
  • several types of basic modules are proposed, which can be prefabricated and stored remotely to be used in a timely manner.
  • These modules are designed so that they can be easily handled, stored and transported by the intermodal container transport chain (trucks, container ships , railway, container cranes, transtainers, etc.).
  • the design and geometry of the modules allows the construction of; dikes of various shapes and sizes to adapt to the specific characteristics of the site (depth, maritime climate, etc.).
  • the invention also makes it possible to change with relative ease the shape and location of modular dikes already built with these modules and also allows a rapid and efficient dismantling to recover and "reuse the elements thereof subsequently without leaving undesirable remains in the sea.
  • the modular elements have hitch systems to be manipulated by cranes, flotation balloons and other equipment and to be attached to other elements with rigid or elastic systems that are resistant and can be broken or cut for a quick and clean dismantling.
  • the typical application of the invention is to install the dike without auxiliary elements that cannot be easily removed, using techniques such as vibroflotation that allow soil liquefaction and prior settlement of the structure before the arrival of storms; In this way, the dismantling becomes a very simple operation to perform and with minimal environmental impact.
  • the proposed invention is fundamentally oriented to have a quick intervention coastal tool that allows the installation of works maritime and coastal protection dams in a very short time, with the least environmental impact and with an easy dismantling, reuse and change of location if circumstances so advise.
  • the invention is especially suitable for emergency actions after major storms, when it is imperative to protect nearby beaches or coastal areas from waves and there is neither the time nor the technical and environmental information necessary to carry out a coastal protection project. conventional.
  • the invention makes it possible to build dikes quickly using modules previously prefabricated and stored in a distant place and to dismantle, reuse or modify the dikes already built with minimal effort and global environmental impact.
  • the fundamental advantage of the invention lies in being able to industrialize the construction of a large part of the dike and to optimize the logistic aspects of the construction of the dike on land and at sea.
  • By being able to build a wide variety of dikes with a few basic modules it is possible to optimize and industrialize the module manufacturing process in suitable places prepared for this purpose (prefabrication plants), avoiding the environmental impact and cost overruns involved in on-site construction and / or "custom" construction of the site.
  • the dismantling of a modular dike allows the reuse of modules in the construction of other dikes, reusing and avoiding the production of waste with the consequent long-term economic and environmental advantage.
  • the basic modules have similar standardized weights and dimensions or compatible with that of containers (8x8 feet of section and 20 and 40 feet long) and being able to use the intermodal container transport network for transport, it is possible to efficiently manage large centralized warehouses of basic modules that can be transported with little time, great flexibility and little cost to the place of the coast where the construction of the breakwater or dike of protection is required. In this way, environmental impacts and prefabrication costs can be reduced, installation and commissioning times of the dike can be minimized, it can be easily dismantled and the elements resulting from dismantling can be reused producing a minimum overall environmental impact.
  • the invention allows changing the way in which coastal protection is currently managed. Since different types and sizes of coastal protection dikes can be constructed with a few basic elements, the previous production of many basic modules that would be stored in certain tanks for later distribution could be industrialized. Both industrial production and transport and storage would be very efficient processes from an economic and environmental point of view since it would be the execution of repetitive tasks, programmed and continued in time and not conditioned in space. Once the need for rapid intervention was established (for example, after a long storm), a construction project adapted to the site (type of bottom, depth and maritime climate) would be defined quickly to transport the necessary modules from the distribution tanks. Construction at the site would be simple and, later, the structure could be easily modified or dismantled by reusing the basic elements.
  • the invention makes it possible to make the management of the coast more flexible, reduce global environmental risks and reduce intervention times in coastal protection.
  • modular dikes allow the prefabrication process of the installation process to be completely separated in space and time, accumulating reserve modules that can be used in crisis situations (large storms that affect large stretches of coast simultaneously).
  • the intervention times on the coast are significantly reduced, since it is only necessary to transport the modules from the deposits to the site of the dike with the efficient intermodal container network and dispose of the maritime equipment for the assembly of the dike and its stabilization.
  • the invention allows the construction of emergent or submerged modular dikes with a large number of holes that can be exploited by a multitude of marine species, as is the case with artificial reefs.
  • these modular dikes will be installed within the zone of breakers (up to 7 meters deep) to support beaches or mitigate the waves that reach the coasts. In their wave attenuation function, these dikes could be used to signal the boundary of the bathing area and thus take advantage of the danger signaling to the boats and also protect the bathers.
  • the gaps with different luminosity that defines the modular dike allow the installation and shelter of different marine species that will benefit from this new space ecological.
  • these dikes can serve to improve productivity and increase the stability of marine ecosystems.
  • the invention proposes to build the dikes based on a series of basic modules that are fundamentally prismatic and have varied sections.
  • four prisms of different sections are defined to illustrate the invention, specifically a quadrangular prism, a rectangular triangular prism of little disproportion between legs, a rectangular prism of considerable disproportion between legs and a straight trapecial prism, presenting all these modules a width which corresponds approximately to that of a conventional container (8 feet), a height that must also correspond directly or in combination with that of a conventional container, although less strict, so that it can be transported by a semi-trailer without clearance problems, and the length of the modules can be variable but the most appropriate one is also the one that also corresponds to the most common in the field of conventional containers, to facilitate its transport with the usual means for the latter.
  • the weight of a basic module must not exceed 30 tons so that they can be easily handled by port cranes.
  • modular dams can be constituted from 4 to 24 feet in height with inclined vertical slopes of 1/1 to 2/1 that cover most of the needs of the coastal protection works.
  • the invention consists in constructing modular dikes with few types of basic modules of container-type width.
  • the modular dike concept allows a wide variety of dikes and breakwaters with a few types of basic modules that can be manufactured and stored long before the dike is projected and can be easily reused by dismantling the structure.
  • the environmental and logistical advantages of the modular dike concept object of the invention are evident.
  • the modular dike object of the invention can have a function similar to that of conventional and concrete dikes, since with a few basic modules a wide variety of sections and shapes of coastal dikes can be constructed.
  • the energy of the waves will be partly reflected in the modular structure, partly dissipated by friction and also by turbulence and breakage.
  • Modular dykes can not only reduce the energy of the waves that attack the coast but can change the regime of currents and deposition of sediments as conventional levees do.
  • the modular dike described here can be emerged or submerged and completed with special elements such as botaolas, concave or convex pieces of special shapes to provide the modular dike with greater hydraulic or sedimentary efficiency or superstructures to take advantage of coronation in other uses.
  • Modular dikes can also be used in marine-like environments, for similar functions, such as in lakes and river areas; likewise, modular dikes can be used empty or then filled with non-polluting loose elements such as the sand of the natural environment itself or to fill with other materials then acting as a container of loose materials or lost formwork if concrete is used.
  • Figure 1 shows an axial view of a quadrangular section module intended to participate in the dike of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a side elevation view of the same module.
  • Figure 3. Shows a cross section of the module of the previous figures, duly coupled to another module of identical characteristics.
  • Figure 5. Shows a representation similar to Figure 1, but corresponding to a different type of module, specifically a triangular section module.
  • Figure 6 shows the module of Figure 5, according to a sectional perspective similar to Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 shows, also according to a representation similar to Figure 1, a third type of module, also of triangular section but with markedly more uneven legs.
  • Figure 8. Shows another detail in section similar to the previous figure but corresponding to a straight trapezoidal section module.
  • Figures 9 and 10. Show respective assemblies between modules for obtaining levees of maximum simplicity.
  • FIGs 11 and 12. show similar representations to those of figures 9 and 10, in the first case with the modules provided with inner filling material that increases their stability and in the second case with the incorporation of flotation balloons. to facilitate the handling of the modules in the water.
  • Figure 13 Finally shows another example of a practical embodiment of the modular dike of the invention, in which it is also used as a formwork lost on a seafront.
  • a prismatic-quadrangular module (1) a prismatic-triangular module (2) with little disproportion between legs
  • other prismatic-triangular modules (3) with marked disproportion between legs
  • a prismatic-trapecial module (4) which as straight triangular modules mentioned above is straight.
  • the dimensions of these modules will be adequate to facilitate their transport by road with the collaboration of vehicles commonly used in the transport of containers, and in this sense their width will preferably be of the order of 2.5 meters, Its height will be close to its width, and its length is also equivalent to that of conventional containers, that is, 6 to 12 meters long.
  • these modules are hollow, with a suitable wall thickness to maintain optimum mechanical strength with a minimum weight, such as a thickness of 20 cm, which facilitates their transport and handling, also incorporating in any case a plurality of heels (5) in the lower base, intended to contribute to the stability of the module and the structure as a whole against possible landslides with respect to the ground and between modules located in overlapping layers, heels that are logically designed in accordance with projections (6 ) located in the opposite area and with the obvious purpose of determining a tongue and groove coupling between modules.
  • the heels (5) and the projections (6) can adopt multiple configurations and arrangements, as can be seen from the observation of the figures, with the proviso that in the case of those module walls (2-3-4 ) intended to adopt an inclined plane, specifically its upper bases, the heels (7-7 ') are properly configured to allow inverted mounting of one module over another, as shown in Figures 5 and 8, to achieve with two of them a prismatic block of greater height.
  • Each module (1), (2), (3), (4) also incorporates in its bases wide holes (8) that reduce its weight, facilitate its manipulation and also facilitate penetration into the seabed, also incorporating its walls side openings (9) with a crossbar or intermediate tie bar
  • clamping bars (10) are laterally adjacent to carry out the fixing between modules with the collaboration of joining elements (11) that they can be rigid but preferably have some elasticity to allow relative displacement between modules like the one shown for example figure 11.
  • the possibilities of combination between the different modules are practically unlimited in order to achieve dikes of any opening and width, which can even participate as a formwork lost in the conformation of a walk Maritime (12), as shown in Figure 13.
  • the different modules after assembly, have been filled with sand (13) to increase their weight and stability, but when they are dikes for which provides for subsequent disassembly, the modules will receive sacks (14) of a geotextile nature, filled with sand, as shown in Figure 11, so that such bags will provide the modules with greater stability but will allow the dike to be constituted and dismantled with ease.
  • modules (1), (2), (3), (4) different As can be deduced from the above, with a small number of modules (1), (2), (3), (4) different, a very wide range of shapes and sections for the dike is achieved, and based on modules which are easily transportable by road, which are easily interactable with each other to form the dike or breakwater with the required shape that can also be easily removable when necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nombre réduit de différents modules (1, 2, 3, 4) prismatiques tubulaires, un à section quadrangulaire, deux à section triangulaire et un autre à section trapézoïdale-droite, pourvus de moyens (5-6) de couplage à languette et rainure dans leur empilement et de moyens (10-11) de fixation latérale, et permettant d'obtenir n'importe quelle digue de largeur, hauteur et section quelconques. Lesdits modules présentent une largeur de l'ordre de 2,5 mètres, une hauteur semblable et une longueur de 6 ou 12 mètres, de manière à s'adapter par leurs dimensions aux conteneurs classiques utilisés dans le transport routier de marchandises, et plus spécifiquement de manière à permettre de transporter par la route les modules constitutifs de la digue sur le réseau de transport classique utilisé pour ledits conteneurs. Les modules sont pourvus de larges ouvertures (8) d'allègement et peuvent, après leur installation, être stabilisés au moyen, entre autres, de sacs géotextiles (14) remplis de sable situés à l'intérieur desdits modules.
PCT/ES2004/000215 2003-05-15 2004-05-14 Digue modulaire de protection des cotes Ceased WO2004101896A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04733002A EP1624114A1 (fr) 2003-05-15 2004-05-14 Digue modulaire de protection des cotes
US10/556,868 US20060275081A1 (en) 2003-05-15 2004-05-14 Modular dike for shore protection

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP200301244 2003-05-15
ES200301244A ES2222087B1 (es) 2003-05-15 2003-05-15 Dique modular para la proteccion de costas.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004101896A1 true WO2004101896A1 (fr) 2004-11-25

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PCT/ES2004/000215 Ceased WO2004101896A1 (fr) 2003-05-15 2004-05-14 Digue modulaire de protection des cotes

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US (1) US20060275081A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1624114A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2222087B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004101896A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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CN113638359A (zh) * 2021-08-13 2021-11-12 清华珠三角研究院 一种防止海岸侵蚀的防护装置及其建造工艺

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KR100650501B1 (ko) * 2005-03-11 2006-11-29 주식회사 한길 환경친화형 친수호안블록 및 그 시공방법
US7708495B1 (en) 2007-11-20 2010-05-04 Chris Antee Levee system
US20110033242A1 (en) * 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Steele Flood Stop System Llc Modular-unit floodwall system
WO2013081352A1 (fr) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 Kim Ji-Nam Bloc de digue brise-lame submergé pour protection contre l'érosion côtière et procédé de construction l'utilisant
KR101268235B1 (ko) 2013-03-28 2013-05-31 주식회사 대영엔지니어링 격벽형 흙주머니를 이용한 호안 시설물 및 이 시공 공법
US9144228B1 (en) * 2014-03-24 2015-09-29 Ora Technologies, Llc Mature modular reef
US11479930B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2022-10-25 Gary E. Abeles Mudslide erosion inhibitor
US11149393B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2021-10-19 Gary E. Abeles Beach erosion inhibitor
WO2018140219A1 (fr) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-02 Abeles Gary E Inhibiteur d'érosion de plage
US10954641B2 (en) * 2017-01-27 2021-03-23 Gary E. Abeles Beach erosion inhibitor
US11795644B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2023-10-24 Gary E. Abeles Flood barrier
USD954999S1 (en) 2020-06-04 2022-06-14 Vandenberg Brothers, Inc. Erosion barrier
USD948751S1 (en) 2020-06-04 2022-04-12 Vandenberg Brothers, Inc. Erosion barrier
USD954998S1 (en) 2020-06-04 2022-06-14 Vandenberg Brothers, Inc. Erosion barrier
US11603636B2 (en) * 2021-07-13 2023-03-14 Pepsy M. Kettavong Interlocking modular smart seawall diversion and recreation system and method of installation
US12577746B1 (en) * 2021-08-27 2026-03-17 Shoreline Erosion Control Solutions, Llc Modular sea wall system
US11718969B1 (en) * 2021-08-27 2023-08-08 Shoreline Erosion Control Solutions, Llc Modular sea wall system
CN119221519B (zh) * 2024-11-05 2025-12-19 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种堤防挡墙结构

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113638359A (zh) * 2021-08-13 2021-11-12 清华珠三角研究院 一种防止海岸侵蚀的防护装置及其建造工艺
CN113638359B (zh) * 2021-08-13 2023-01-17 清华珠三角研究院 一种防止海岸侵蚀的防护装置及其建造工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1624114A1 (fr) 2006-02-08
ES2222087A1 (es) 2005-01-16
ES2222087B1 (es) 2005-12-16
US20060275081A1 (en) 2006-12-07

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