WO2004108446A2 - Procede et systeme permettant de reguler des elements chauffants de dispositifs de confort thermique - Google Patents

Procede et systeme permettant de reguler des elements chauffants de dispositifs de confort thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004108446A2
WO2004108446A2 PCT/US2004/017132 US2004017132W WO2004108446A2 WO 2004108446 A2 WO2004108446 A2 WO 2004108446A2 US 2004017132 W US2004017132 W US 2004017132W WO 2004108446 A2 WO2004108446 A2 WO 2004108446A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
comfort device
current
pwm
desired temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2004/017132
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2004108446A3 (fr
Inventor
Jesus Graterol
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carter Group Inc
Original Assignee
Carter Group Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carter Group Inc filed Critical Carter Group Inc
Publication of WO2004108446A2 publication Critical patent/WO2004108446A2/fr
Publication of WO2004108446A3 publication Critical patent/WO2004108446A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H05B1/0238—For seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2218—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices the heat source being other than the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters controlling the operation of electric heaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
    • B60N2/5685—Resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56—Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5678—Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
    • B60N2/5692—Refrigerating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/06—Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers
    • B62D1/065—Steering wheels with heating and ventilating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of, and system for, controlling the temperature in heated seats, steering wheels or any in-vehicle temperature comfort device. Specifically, the present invention is directed to a method and system of continuous, proportional, closed- loop control of pulse width modulation output for control of heating elements.
  • An Appendix is attached hereto includes 3 pages of computer program listing.
  • Control of electric heaters such as those used in heated seats, steering wheels, or other in-vehicle temperature comfort device has mainly been achieved by turning a fixed power supply on or off as needed to control the heater.
  • Systems using this approach have a disadvantage of transmitting to the user the sensation of warming up and cooling down at or near the set-point temperature. This is often not a comfortable or desirable sensation.
  • Systems employing the on/off switching of the heater power supply have been developed that use extensive tables and/or curves requiring non-volatile storage to maintain data concerning the timing of the on/off switching. This is disadvantageous for several reasons. First, the non-volatile memory consumed by such systems is expensive and requires additional space and power.
  • Pulse width modulation is used in the method and system of the present invention.
  • PWM works by modulating the timing of the lead and trail edges of the power signal to the heater.
  • PWM results in a relatively accurate control of a heater.
  • PWM has been used for heater control in fixed-location equipment, such as in the chemical industry for controlling heaters used in chemical process control. It is especially useful where precise control of temperature is desired. As yet, it has not been considered useful for controlling in-vehicle temperature comfort devices, i.e., for mobile operation. Thus, it is still desired to design a suitable heater control circuit, apparatus, and system that is capable of accurate operation in a mobile environment.
  • the invention relates to a method of controlling temperature in a mobile comfort device which comprises: selecting a desired temperature setting for the mobile comfort device; determining a current temperature of the comfort device; comparing the desired temperature to the current temperature to detect any difference; and modifying a pulsed width modulation (PWM) signal to the comfort device based on the detected difference by an amount sufficient to change the temperature of the comfort device to the desired temperature, thus providing accurate temperature control to the device.
  • PWM pulsed width modulation
  • the mobile comfort device comprises an in-vehicle comfort device, such as a temperature modifiable seat or steering wheel.
  • the steps of obtaining the current temperature from the comfort device, comparing the desired temperature to the current temperature, and modifying the PWM signal may be repeated periodically for optimum temperature control. Also, the step of obtaining from the user the desired temperature setting for the comfort device preferably occurs asynchronously.
  • a default temperature setting may be provided for the comfort device and can be initially used as the desired temperature.
  • This default temperature setting can be the last temperature previously selected for the comfort device.
  • the modifying of the PWM signal can be determined by multiphcatively combining the difference between the desired temperature and the current temperature of the comfort device with a numeric calibration factor.
  • This numeric calibration factor is preferably a composite of two or more numeric calibration factors.
  • the modifying of the PWM signal can be determined by combining the difference between the desired temperature and the current temperature of the comfort device with a numeric calibration factor. This can be accomplished by subtracting the current temperature from the desired temperature to obtain a numeric temperature difference; and multiplying the temperature difference by a numeric calibration factor to produce the PWM signal. These adjustments are made such that the temperature is sufficiently responsive so that a user does not notice when the comfort device is incorrectly controlled.
  • the temperature controller can include one or more systems for heating, for cooling, or both.
  • the invention also relates to a system for controlling a mobile temperature- modifying comfort device comprising: a comfort device; a microprocessor operatively connected to associated memory, a user interface and a power interface, each being electronically interconnected, with the power interface being further connected to the comfort device; and a temperature sensor and analog-digital converter (ADC) connected to the comfort device, with the ADC further connected to the microprocessor.
  • a comfort device comprising: a comfort device; a microprocessor operatively connected to associated memory, a user interface and a power interface, each being electronically interconnected, with the power interface being further connected to the comfort device; and a temperature sensor and analog-digital converter (ADC) connected to the comfort device, with the ADC further connected to the microprocessor.
  • ADC analog-digital converter
  • the microprocessor and associated memory are configured so as to obtain from the user interface a desired temperature setting for the comfort device; obtain a current temperature of the comfort device from the temperature sensor and ADC; compare the desired temperature to the current temperature to determine the difference; and modify the pulsed width modulation (PWM) signal to the comfort device based on the difference so as to provide sufficient control of the temperature of the comfort device.
  • PWM pulsed width modulation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a controller in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart depicting a temperature-setting algorithm in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) depict a flowchart of the interrupt service routine controlling the PWM synchronization and over-undercurrent check of an embodiment of the invention.
  • a method, circuit, and system are provided to control the temperature in heated seats, steering wheels or any mobile temperature comfort device, preferably in an in-vehicle temperature control system.
  • PWM allows more accurate control of the temperature of the comfort device.
  • another embodiment of the invention involves allowing the PWM control of the comfort device to be very finely calibrated using a single calibration constant K.
  • Use of a single calibration constant replaces the extensive tables and heating curves used in prior art comfort device controllers. This results in a great savings of potentially expensive non- volatile memory, as well as simplified recalibration.
  • the use of PWM to control the heating process for comfort devices greatly reduces or eliminates transmittal to the user of the sensation of heating and cooling at or near the desired temperature due to the turning on and off of the heater in the prior art.
  • PWM approach described herein once the desired temperature is reached, the user will not be subjected to the constant on/off switching of existing heater controllers.
  • the accuracy of a system employing the present invention is approximately +/- 0.1°C, which is surprisingly about ten times better than conventional on/off systems.
  • FIG. 1 depicts the control process according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • This embodiment described below is for a seat heater, but this is for example purposes and not a limitation.
  • Another embodiment includes a seat cooler, i.e., air conditioning.
  • Yet another embodiment encompasses a single control process capable of heating or cooling, as desired, to help maintain the same or at least substantially the same temperature depending on the season or any other form of temperature variation. Any temperature comfort device may be used.
  • the controller includes software 1 and hardware 2.
  • the processor and associated memory, and data communication and control lines, on which the software is configured and run are not shown in FIG. 1. Any processor and associated components may be for executing the algorithm and interfacing the controller components depicted in accord with the invention.
  • a user initiates the control process by opting to select a temperature "set point" 3 to which the comfort device is to be heated.
  • the selection of the set point may involve additional steps. For example, the user may be required to turn on the comfort device at the console of the vehicle prior to setting the desired temperature.
  • the set point 3 is selected by the user in a preferred embodiment by the manipulation of a physical selector switch (not depicted). It is also possible in another embodiment that the physical selector switch is replaced by any user interface capable of allowing the user to select a set point 3.
  • the set point 3 is automatically set to a suitable default value at the time the controller is initialized. In one embodiment, this default value for the temperature of the comfort device is fixed in the controller at the factory. In another embodiment, the default value for the temperature of the comfort device is variable and can be set by the user. In yet another embodiment, the default value for the set point 3 is automatically set to the last temperature selected by the user. In a preferred embodiment, the set point is a temperature in degrees (Fahrenheit or
  • the set point 3 is then compared 4 to a current temperature reading obtained from the temperature sensor 10 via an analog-digital converter (ADC) 11.
  • ADC analog-digital converter
  • the comparison operation 4 is performed by subtracting the current temperature of the comfort device from the set point 3.
  • the result is a temperature difference, referred to as an "error” or "e” in a preferred embodiment.
  • a numeric calibration factor "K” 5 is then used in combination with the error to calculate a PWM signal 6 to send to the power interface 7. In this way, the PWM determines the duty cycle for the power interface 7 used for the comfort device heater 8 (depicted as "seat heater” in FIG. 1.)
  • the numeric calibration factor is multiplied by the error to determine the value of the PWM signal. It is not intended as a limitation that the numeric calibration factor 5 be combined with the error multiphcatively to calculate the PWM signal. Indeed, any suitable algorithm may be used to determine the PWM signal. It is not even mandatory that one numeric calibration factor be employed. For example, another embodiment may use two numeric calibration factors to achieve the same result.
  • the choice of the particular algorithm and the use of a single numeric calibration factor in a preferred embodiment does not limit other embodiments from using other algorithms and calibration factors.
  • the use of a single calibration factor, which may be modified in software, is advantageous over using relatively large tables and curves in non- volatile memory.
  • FIG. 2 A flowchart depicting a temperature setting algorithm in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 2. This algorithm is executed whenever a user changes the temperature set point for the comfort device. The user first enters the new set point into the temperature control user interface 20 (referred to as "temp_control” in FIG. 2.) The current PWM is saved in memory (in the "w registry") 21.
  • the current temperature of the comfort device is complemented to obtain a direct relationship between the temperature and the ADC reading 22.
  • This step places the current temperature measurement on an even scale with the temperature set point for comparison.
  • the complemented temperature reading (henceforth, "current temperature”) is then subtracted from the set point temperature, to obtain the "error" 23.
  • the PWM signal in the w registry is set to zero, and execution proceeds to the step of moving the result of the multiplication stored in the w registry to the "loop_error" registry 33.
  • the "constant control counter" is loaded with the numeric calibration constant K 25.
  • the w registry is cleared 26.
  • the error and the numeric calibration constant can be multiplied by the optionally repetitive steps of: checking if the control constant counter is zero 27; adding the value in w registry to the loop error registry, storing the result in the w registry 29; checking if the addition generates a numeric overflow 30, and if so, setting the w registry to maximal value and the PWM signal to 100% 31 and proceeding to the step of moving the result of the multiplication stored in the w registry to the loop_error registry 33; and otherwise decrementing the control constant counter 32 and repeating the steps above.
  • the result of the multiplication stored in the w registry is moved to the loop_error registry 33, where it determines the PWM signal duty cycle to control the comfort device heater. Finally, the w registry is restored to the set point temperature 34, and the procedure is exited 35.
  • FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b) depict a flowchart of the interrupt service routine controlling the PWM synchronization and over-undercurrent check of an embodiment of the current invention.
  • a timer interrupt is used to periodically perform an over-undercurrent check, check the temperature of the comfort device and synchronize the PWM signal controlling the duty cycle for the heater.
  • the precise algorithm depicted in the flowcharts herein described may be modified or even substantially different while still accomplishing the same function.
  • the flowcharts included and described herein are not intended to exclude other equivalent algorithms.
  • the interrupt service routine intreq 40 is initiated to handle the interrupt.
  • the w registry and status registry are backed up 42, and the TM 0 register is loaded with the PWM value from the PWM registry 43.
  • the system is then checked to determine if the voltage is out of range 44. If so, execution proceeds to the turn the heater off step 50. Otherwise, the system is checked for an over- or undercurrent condition. If either exists, execution proceeds to the turn the heater off subroutine 50.
  • the temperature loop error is checked to see if it is zero 46, indicating that the set point temperature has been reached. If the loop error is zero, execution proceeds to the turn the heater off subroutine 50. If the loop error is not zero, the PWM registry is subtracted from the loop error 47, and if the result is not positive 48, execution proceeds to the turn the heater off subroutine 50. Otherwise, the heater is turned on 49.
  • the next step is to check if the PWM period has started 51. If it has not, execution proceeds to the increment the PMW registry step 75. If the PWM period has started, it is then determined whether the heater is turned on or off 52. If the heater is off, execution proceeds to the step of determining if the system is in an over-undercurrent off cycle 60. If the heater is on, a delay of approximately 200 milliseconds can be performed 53, to accommodate the current sensing transient. Other suitable time frames can be selected or preselected. For example, a suitable delay can be from about 100 ms to 1000 ms, preferably about 150 ms to 500 ms.
  • the current sensing ADC channel is then selected 54, and the ADC conversion subroutine is called 55.
  • ADC conversion subroutines are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the result of the ADC conversion, the "current value,” is then stored in the current registry 56.
  • the current value is then compared with the maximum allowed value 57. If the current value exceeds the maximum allowed value, execution proceeds to the step of incrementing the current fail cycles counter 64. Otherwise, the current value is compared with the minimum allowed value 58. If the current value is lower than the minimum allowed value, execution again proceeds to the step of incrementing the current fail cycles counter 64.
  • the current fail cycles counter is reset to zero 59, and execution proceeds to the step of incrementing the PWM registry 75. If it was detected that the PWM period had not started, execution had proceeded to the check for the over-undercurrent off cycle step 60. If the system is not in the over- undercurrent off cycle condition, execution proceeds to the step of incrementing the PWM registry 75. If the system is in the over-undercurrent off cycle condition, the over- undercurrent off cycle counter is decremented 61. The over-undercurrent off cycle counter is then checked for a value of zero 62. If it is zero, the over-undercurrent fault flag is cleared. Whether it is zero or not, execution then proceeds to the step of incrementing the PWM registry 75.
  • the current fail cycles counter 64 is next checked for an overflow condition 65. If an overflow has occurred, the current fail cycles counter is set to its maximum value. Whether or not the overflow occurred, the number of current fail cycles is compared with the maximal allowed number 67. If the number of current fail cycles does not exceed the maximal allowed number, execution then proceeds to the step of incrementing the PWM registry 75. Otherwise , the over-undercurrent recovery trials counter is decremented 68, and compared to zero 69. If the over-undercurrent recovery trials counter is zero, the system is turned off 73, and the overcurrent fault flag is cleared 74.
  • TtfsS O -FAUUT is the system in the overcurrent off cycle? goto pwn end No, decfsz i l im_,off_pe Yes, decrement the off cycles counter, is it zero? oto pw ⁇ end No,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé et à un système permettant de réguler un élément chauffant d'un dispositif de confort thermique, intérieur à un véhicule, qui consiste à obtenir d'un utilisateur un réglage de la température souhaitée pour le dispositif de confort et à obtenir la température courante du dispositif de confort, à soustraire la température courante de la température souhaitée aux fins de l'obtention d'une différence de température, et à multiplier cette différence de température par un facteur d'étalonnage numérique pour produire un signal PWM permettant de réguler le cycle de travail de l'élément chauffant du dispositif de confort.
PCT/US2004/017132 2003-06-02 2004-06-02 Procede et systeme permettant de reguler des elements chauffants de dispositifs de confort thermique Ceased WO2004108446A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47459403P 2003-06-02 2003-06-02
US60/474,594 2003-06-02
US85852304A 2004-06-02 2004-06-02
US10/858,523 2004-06-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004108446A2 true WO2004108446A2 (fr) 2004-12-16
WO2004108446A3 WO2004108446A3 (fr) 2005-09-29

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PCT/US2004/017132 Ceased WO2004108446A2 (fr) 2003-06-02 2004-06-02 Procede et systeme permettant de reguler des elements chauffants de dispositifs de confort thermique

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2891216A1 (fr) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Procede de regulation de la temperature de l'air diffuse par l'intermediaire d'un siege de vehicule automobile.
EP1950084A1 (fr) * 2007-01-23 2008-07-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Procédé de commande d'un système de climatisation du siège, et module de commande de climatisation du siège
FR2967093A1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-11 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif et procede de commande d'un radiateur electrique d'un systeme de ventilation, chauffage et/ou climatisation automobile
WO2012084341A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Renault Sas Système et procédé de commande d'un organe de chauffage électrique équipant un véhicule automobile
DE112011103760T5 (de) 2010-12-10 2013-10-02 Scania Cv Ab Konfortwärmesteuersystem

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3711582B2 (ja) * 1995-03-31 2005-11-02 株式会社デンソー 酸素濃度検出装置
US5894207A (en) * 1996-05-14 1999-04-13 Trw Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a seat position motor and a seat heater
JP3796333B2 (ja) * 1996-12-20 2006-07-12 日本碍子株式会社 ガスセンサ
JP3843880B2 (ja) * 2001-05-31 2006-11-08 株式会社デンソー ガス濃度センサのヒータ制御装置

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2891216A1 (fr) * 2005-09-28 2007-03-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Procede de regulation de la temperature de l'air diffuse par l'intermediaire d'un siege de vehicule automobile.
EP1950084A1 (fr) * 2007-01-23 2008-07-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Procédé de commande d'un système de climatisation du siège, et module de commande de climatisation du siège
FR2967093A1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-11 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif et procede de commande d'un radiateur electrique d'un systeme de ventilation, chauffage et/ou climatisation automobile
WO2012062788A1 (fr) * 2010-11-09 2012-05-18 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Dispositif et procédé de commande d'un radiateur électrique d'un système de ventilation, chauffage et/ou climatisation automobile
US9517682B2 (en) 2010-11-09 2016-12-13 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Device and method for controlling an electric radiator of an automotive ventilating, heating and/or air-conditioning system
DE112011103760T5 (de) 2010-12-10 2013-10-02 Scania Cv Ab Konfortwärmesteuersystem
WO2012084341A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Renault Sas Système et procédé de commande d'un organe de chauffage électrique équipant un véhicule automobile
FR2969537A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-29 Renault Sa Systeme et procede de commande d'un organe de chauffage electrique equipant un vehicule automobile
CN103384606A (zh) * 2010-12-22 2013-11-06 雷诺股份公司 用于控制机动车辆所装备的电加热元件的系统和方法
CN103384606B (zh) * 2010-12-22 2016-08-10 雷诺股份公司 用于控制机动车辆所装备的电加热元件的系统和方法

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