WO2004109065A1 - ロッカーアーム及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ロッカーアーム及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004109065A1 WO2004109065A1 PCT/JP2004/007494 JP2004007494W WO2004109065A1 WO 2004109065 A1 WO2004109065 A1 WO 2004109065A1 JP 2004007494 W JP2004007494 W JP 2004007494W WO 2004109065 A1 WO2004109065 A1 WO 2004109065A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rocker arm
- intermediate material
- cold forging
- side walls
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
- B21K1/205—Making machine elements valve parts rocker arms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
- F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S29/00—Metal working
- Y10S29/018—Method or apparatus with forging
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S29/00—Metal working
- Y10S29/047—Extruding with other step
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49295—Push rod or rocker arm making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20576—Elements
- Y10T74/20882—Rocker arms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/21—Elements
- Y10T74/2101—Cams
- Y10T74/2107—Follower
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rocker arm that is incorporated in a valve operating mechanism of an engine and that constitutes a cam follower for converting rotation of a camshaft into reciprocating motion of a valve body (an intake valve and an exhaust valve), and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a reciprocating engine (reciprocating piston engine) is provided with an intake valve and an exhaust valve that open and close in synchronization with the rotation of a crankshaft, except for some two-cycle engines.
- the movement of the camshaft which rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft (at a rotation speed of 1/2 in the case of a four-cycle engine) is controlled by the rocker arm using the intake valve and the exhaust valve.
- the intake and exhaust valves may reciprocate in their respective axial directions.
- rocker arm As a rocker arm to be incorporated into such a valve train of an engine, a structure (a steel product or an aluminum die-cast product) has conventionally been generally used. In recent years, it has been considered that the rocker arm is made by pressing a metal plate such as a steel plate, and this has been partially implemented. However, in the case of such a rocker arm made of a product or a rocker arm made of a metal plate, it is said that the cost is increased due to a longer time required for the manufacturing operation and a large amount of wasted material. There is a problem.
- the rocker arm 1 has a pair of side walls 2 that are substantially parallel to each other, and a first connecting portion 3 and a second connecting portion 3 that connect both ends of the side walls 2 in the longitudinal direction. And a connecting portion 4.
- the first connecting portion 3 includes a first engaging portion 6 for abutting a base end portion of the valve body and a second connecting portion. 4 has a second engaging portion 7 for abutting the tip of a swing support member such as a lash adjuster.
- the operation of manufacturing the rocker arm 1 as described above is performed as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 23, the end of the metal wire 9 wound in a coil shape around the rotation supporting device 8 is pulled out by a roller type wire feeding mechanism 11 provided in a cold forging machine 10, and this cold Introduced into the cold forging machine 10.
- the metal wire 9 has a rectangular cross section.
- a lubricating film layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the metal wire 9 by previously immersing the metal wire 9 in a lubricating liquid tank such as zinc phosphate. Then, as a first step, as shown in FIG.
- the metal wire 9 is cut into a predetermined length by a cutting mechanism 12 provided in the cold forging machine 10 so as to obtain a rectangular parallelepiped material. (Blank) Build 13.
- the cold forging machine 10 is a so-called horizontal multi-stage forging machine.
- the cold forging machine 10 is provided with a die block 14 fixed on the inside and moving close to or away from the die block 14 (moving far and near).
- a ram 15 that reciprocates horizontally.
- a plurality of fixed dies 16a and 16d are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction.
- a plurality of movable dies 17a to 17d are arranged on a part of the ram 15 at positions facing these fixed dies 16a to 16d via mold holders 18a to 18d, respectively. Then, in a portion where the fixed dies 16a-16d and the movable dies 17a-17d are arranged, a first forging station 19, a first punching station 20, a second forging station 21, and a second punching station. Station 22 is provided.
- the rectangular parallelepiped material 13 obtained in the first step is the material turning provided in the cold forging machine 10.
- the supply mechanism 23 supplies the material 13 to the first forging station 19 while changing the direction of the material 13 by 90 degrees.
- the above-mentioned material 13 is horizontally driven into a fixed die 16a by a movable die 17a.
- the first intermediate material 24 having the rough shape and dimensions of the rocker arm 1 is manufactured by cold forging.
- the first intermediate material 24 has an H-shaped cross section including a pair of side walls 2 (FIG. 22) and a base 51 connecting the widthwise intermediate portions of the side walls 2 to each other. Further, a burr 25 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first intermediate material 24 in the thickness direction intermediate portion over the entire circumference.
- the first intermediate material 24 obtained in such a second step is taken out from between the fixed mold 16a and the movable mold 17a and supplied to a first punching station 20 as shown in detail in FIG. .
- the tip end surface of a cylindrical extruding member 27 provided in the through hole 26 of the fixed die 16b As a third step, as shown in Fig. 26, the tip end surface of a cylindrical extruding member 27 provided in the through hole 26 of the fixed die 16b, The main body portion of the first intermediate material 24 excluding the burrs 25 is sandwiched between the tip end surface of the mold 17b. The burrs 25 are removed at the peripheral edge of the opening of the through hole 26 by pushing the main body into the through hole 26. At the same time, an intermediate portion of the base 51 (FIG. 25) provided in the first intermediate material 24 is punched out by a punch 28 for punching provided inside the pushing member 27, and a second intermediate portion having a through hole 29 is formed. Make the material 30.
- the second intermediate material 30 has a pair of side walls 2 (FIG. 22). 4 is formed.
- the second intermediate material 30 obtained in such a third step is taken out from between the fixed die 16b and the movable die 17b, and transferred to a second forging station 21 as shown in detail in FIG. Supply.
- the second intermediate material 30 is horizontally driven into the fixed die 16c by the movable die 17c, so that the second intermediate material 30 is cold-formed.
- Forging is performed to produce a third intermediate material 31 having dimensions and shapes close to the finished product .
- burrs 25a and 25b are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the third intermediate material 31 in the thickness direction intermediate portion and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 29, respectively. Since a lubricating film layer is formed in advance on the outer surface of the second intermediate material 30 to be subjected to such cold forging, the inner surface of the fixed die 16c and the movable die 17c and the outer surface of the second intermediate material 30 The friction acting between them can be kept small.
- the molding workability and the shape accuracy of the third intermediate material 31 can be improved.
- the force between the fixed mold 16c and the movable mold 17c is removed.
- the third intermediate material 31 is taken out, and the third intermediate material 31 is shown in detail in FIG. To the second punching station 22.
- a burr formed on the outer peripheral surface of the third intermediate material 31 is formed. 2 Remove 5a. At the same time, the burr 25b formed on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 29 of the third intermediate material 31 is also removed to obtain a completed rocker arm 1.
- the rocker arm 1 is taken out from between the fixed die 16d and the movable die 17d of the second punching station 22 to a predetermined position by, for example, a take-out chuck (not shown).
- a take-out chuck not shown.
- another rocking arm is used to separate each other at the intermediate portion of each side wall 2 (FIG. 22). Drill holes to form a pair of circular holes at matching positions.
- each movable mold 17a-17d is moved in the horizontal direction, so that each movable mold 17a-17d is reciprocated in comparison with the case where forging work is performed by moving the movable mold in the vertical direction.
- the load applied to the driving mechanism for causing this to occur can be reduced. Therefore, the speed of the cold forging operation for obtaining the rocker arm 1 can be easily increased.
- a through hole 29 formed by punching the first intermediate material 24 to provide the first and second connecting portions 3 and 4 has a width of a pair of side wall portions 2. Almost in the center in the direction It is location. Further, since this through hole 29 is formed by punching, the inner peripheral surface has a rough shear surface (fracture surface). For this reason, in a state where the roller is assembled to the rocker arm 1 to form a cam follower, there is a possibility that both end surfaces of the roller and the above-mentioned shear surface (fracture surface) come into contact with each other. If the end surfaces of the roller and the shear surface (fracture surface) come into contact in this way, it becomes difficult to rotate this roller smoothly, which may hinder the performance improvement of the engine incorporating the rocker arm 1. .
- both ends of the roller come into contact with the shear surface (fracture surface)
- the both ends of the roller may be abnormally worn, or the abrasion powder generated by the abrasion at the contact portion may cause engine component members.
- the engine may get into the gap between them and deteriorate the performance of the engine.
- the rectangular parallelepiped material 13 (or the second intermediate material 30) is in the same direction as each other.
- This material 13 (or the second intermediate material 30) is cold-pressed from both sides in the direction (base 51 or the thickness direction of each connecting part 3 and 4) perpendicular to the axial direction (length direction).
- excessive stress tends to concentrate on a part of the material 13 and the second intermediate material 30 corresponding to the same part of the obtained rocker arm 1, and the obtained rocker It is difficult to secure sufficient strength with the unit 1.
- the material 13 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a uniform cross-sectional area in the axial direction (length direction).
- the cross-sectional area of the second intermediate material 30 is not uniform in the axial direction (is largely changed). Therefore, the second intermediate material 30 cannot be immediately obtained from the material 13 by cold forging, and the first intermediate material 24 with the burr 25 is formed by cold forging, and The burrs 25 must be removed in a subsequent punching step to produce the second intermediate material 30.
- the burrs (outer burrs) 25, 25a generated on the outer peripheral side are formed around the periphery, and therefore have a large volume. . For this reason, it is remarkable that the amount of material loss increases as compared with the burr (inner burr) 25b generated on the inner peripheral side.
- the inner burr 25b is preferably not generated, but if it is unavoidable, it must be provided in a portion where the use of the finished product of the rocker arm 1 is less affected.
- first and second engaging portions 6 and 7 (FIG. 22) for abutting a valve body or a swing support member at the second forging station 21 or the like.
- a part of the second intermediate material 30, etc. should be provided with a relief part for the excess thickness of the material near each of the first and second engagement parts 6, 7.
- I don't know it is not possible to effectively escape the excess portion of the second intermediate material 30 or the like in order to form the first and second engagement portions 6 and 7, and the first and second engagement portions 6 and 7 cannot be effectively removed.
- the shape accuracy and dimensional accuracy of each of the engaging portions 6 and 7 cannot be improved. For this reason, it is difficult to accurately engage the valve element or the lash adjuster at a predetermined position of the rocker arm 1.
- the rocker arm and the method of manufacturing the rocker arm described in JP-A-10-328778 have room for improving the performance and durability of an engine incorporating the obtained rocker arm.
- the rocker arm and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention improve the performance of an engine incorporating the rocker arm when the rocker arm is manufactured by cold forging a metal wire material. Let's do it for the purpose.
- burrs 25, 25a, and 25b are formed on a part of the first intermediate material 24 and the third intermediate material 31. Is done. For this reason, material costs increase due to the burrs 25, 25a and 25b.
- the volume of the burrs 25, 25a, 25b increases. Next, the reason will be described.
- H10-328778 has a pair of side wall portions 2 formed in a substantially rhombic shape.
- the first intermediate material 24 produced in the second step at the first forging station 19 is formed into an H-shaped cross section in the width direction of a portion to become each side wall 2 (see FIG. 18).
- cold forging was performed in the second step.
- the material 13 to be formed has a rectangular parallelepiped shape that does not change over the entire length in the axial direction, in the area perpendicular to the axial direction (length direction).
- the cross-sectional area of the first intermediate material 24 to be obtained by cold forging varies in the length direction.
- the material 13 to be subjected to the cold forging has a rectangular parallelepiped shape whose cross-sectional area does not change over the entire length in the axial direction.
- the method for manufacturing a rocker arm according to the present invention can be performed by cold forging by setting a process so as not to generate burrs or to minimize the generation of burrs even when burrs are generated.
- the purpose is to obtain the rocker arm to be manufactured at low cost.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-10-328778
- the rocker arm of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same are both manufactured by cold forging a material obtained by cutting a metal wire into a predetermined length.
- a pair of side walls provided at an interval, first and second connecting portions connecting the side portions closer to both ends in the longitudinal direction, and positions where the side walls are aligned with each other.
- a roller is supported at an intermediate portion of a support shaft that supports both ends in each of the through holes.
- the rocker arm of the present invention has a shear surface (fracture surface) formed on the inner surface of each of the side wall portions by a punching process for forming the first and second connection portions. ) Should not be opposed to both ends of the roller. In some cases, a chamfer is formed at the continuous portion between the both end surfaces of the roller and the outer peripheral surface. However, the “end surface of the roller” is a portion excluding this chamfer (closer to the center than the inner peripheral edge of the chamfer). It is.
- the rocker arm of the present invention is characterized in that each of the side walls located on one surface of each of the first and second connecting portions opposite to the first engaging portion.
- the lengthwise ends of the second engaging portion are moved from the portion of the first engaging portion to which the center of the base end face of the valve body is to be abutted with respect to the longitudinal direction.
- the center of the tip end surface of the swing support member is to be abutted or a center of a screw hole for screwing a male screw portion provided on the swing support member.
- the manufacturing method for manufacturing a rocker arm according to the first aspect is characterized in that the intermediate material having the pair of side walls and a base connecting a part of these side walls is punched into the base.
- the rocker arm of the present invention configured as described above and the mouth arm obtained by the method of manufacturing the same, the rocker arm is obtained by cold forging a metal wire material. Improves the performance of the engine incorporating the arm.
- the rocker arm according to the first aspect it is possible to prevent the sheared surface and the broken surface formed by punching the inner surface of each side wall from coming into contact with both end surfaces of the roller. Therefore, the roller is smoothly rotated by the rocker arm on which the roller is assembled. Can do things. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal wear on both end surfaces of the roller and to suppress the generation of wear powder due to the wear at the contact portion. Therefore, the performance such as the output performance of the engine incorporating the rocker arm can be improved. Further, in the step after the punching process, it is not necessary to perform a troublesome operation of smoothing the sheared surface (fracture surface) by pressing the surface.
- Each of the rocker arms according to the following aspects of the present invention is manufactured by performing cold forging on a material obtained by cutting a metal wire into a predetermined length, and is provided with an interval therebetween.
- a pair of through holes, and each of the first and second connecting portions has an engaging portion that engages with the valve body or the swing support member.
- the first intermediate material is subjected to cold forging by pressing the intermediate material from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the length direction to produce a second intermediate material.
- the first engaging portion or the second engaging portion is formed by cold forging the material or an intermediate material obtained from the material.
- a part of this intermediate material or another intermediate material that has deviated inward in the width direction from the pair of side walls, with respect to the length direction At least a part of the same position as the part where the first engagement part or the second engagement part is to be formed is a relief part that does not come into contact with the mold used for the cold forging.
- the flow which is the flow of the internal fibrous tissue is performed.
- Iber flow force Flows in the entire length direction of the rocker arm, and the fiber flow is formed at least between the both end edges in the length direction and the first and second connection portions.
- the inner peripheral surface of the hole is removed, and it is cut at the part where it was cut.
- the manufacturing method for manufacturing the rocker arm according to the third aspect includes a step of cold forging the material by pressing the material from both sides in a longitudinal direction to form a first intermediate material. Pressing the first intermediate material from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the length direction to subject the first intermediate material to cold forging to produce a second intermediate material.
- the method for manufacturing a rocker arm according to the third aspect is characterized in that the material is cold forged by pressing the material from both sides in the longitudinal direction to obtain a rocker arm to be obtained in the longitudinal direction.
- the first intermediate material is subjected to cold forging by applying pressure from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the direction to prevent burrs on the outer peripheral side.
- the manufacturing method for manufacturing the rocker arm according to the fifth aspect is characterized in that the material or the intermediate material obtained is subjected to cold forging to thereby form the first engaging portion or the second engaging portion.
- a part of this intermediate material or another intermediate material that deviates inward in the width direction from a pair of side walls is a relief portion that does not contact a mold used for the cold forging.
- the rocker arm is manufactured by cold forging a metal wire material, and the engine incorporating the rocker arm is manufactured. Performance can be improved.
- the pressing direction at the time of the cold forging of the raw material and the first intermediate material is different by 90 degrees. For this reason, it is possible to suppress concentration of excessive stress on a part of the obtained rocker arm as compared with a case where the material and the intermediate material are pressed from both sides in the same direction in all the cold forging processes. .
- Extrusion of metal wire When it is made, the fibrous flow of the tissue inside the material (fiber flow) almost coincides with the length direction of the material. Most of the fiber flow of the first intermediate material obtained from this material can be made almost parallel to or nearly parallel to the length direction of this first intermediate material.
- the first intermediate material is cold forged by pressing such a first intermediate material in a direction orthogonal to the length direction.
- the fiber flow of the obtained rocker arm can be made smoother corresponding to the overall shape of this rocker arm, as compared to the case where cold forging is performed on this first intermediate material. It can be a simple flow.
- the strength of the obtained rocker arm can be improved, and the durability of the engine incorporating the rocker arm can be improved.
- burr (outer burr) is not generated on the outer peripheral side.
- a fiber flow is not created in the outer sheath portion. For this reason, the fiber flow is not disturbed by the outer burrs, and the fiber flow is not divided by the removal of the outer burrs. Therefore, the strength of the finished product (product) of the rocker arm can be improved.
- both ends of the support shaft for supporting the rollers are plastically deformed (radially deformed outwardly) around the outer opening end of the through hole formed in each side wall.
- the swaged portion and the chamfered portion can be swaged and fixed. Therefore, both ends of the support shaft can be connected and fixed with sufficient bonding strength to the side walls by using a cam follower with a rocker arm and rollers, and the durability of the engine incorporating the rocker arm is improved. Can be achieved.
- the rocker arm according to the fifth aspect when the intermediate material or another intermediate material in which the first engagement portion or the second engagement portion is formed by cold forging, In the intermediate material, a surplus portion existing at a position near the portion where the first engagement portion or the second engagement portion is to be formed can be smoothly released. For this reason, the shape accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the first engagement portion or the second engagement portion can be improved, and when the obtained rocker arm is used, a valve body or a swing support is provided at a predetermined position of the rocker arm. The members can be accurately engaged. Therefore, the performance of the engine incorporating the rocker arm can be improved. Further, an excessive load can be prevented from being applied to the mold used for the cold forging, and the durability of the mold can be improved. For this reason, the cost of the rocker arm in mass production can be reduced.
- the molding workability can be improved, and the strength and the shape accuracy can be improved.
- a material obtained by cutting a metal wire having a circular cross section into a predetermined length is manufactured by performing cold forging, and is separated from each other.
- a rocker arm having an engaging portion to be manufactured is manufactured.
- the first material is subjected to the first cold forging, so that the cross-sectional area in the length direction of the rocker arm to be obtained is obtained.
- Forming a first intermediate material whose cross-sectional area is changed in the axial direction in accordance with the change of the first intermediate material, and subjecting the first intermediate material to at least a second cold forging, thereby forming the side wall portions and the respective A step of producing a second intermediate material provided with a base connecting a part of the side wall portion, and performing a drilling process to form a through hole in a longitudinal middle portion of the base of the second intermediate material; Perforating a third intermediate material provided with the pair of connecting portions.
- the first intermediate material produced by subjecting the material to first cold forging has a barrel whose diameter is the largest at an intermediate portion in the axial direction. It is preferably in the form.
- the cross-sectional area on a virtual plane orthogonal to the axial direction at the largest diameter portion of the first intermediate material having the largest diameter should be S.
- the total cross-sectional area of a virtual plane orthogonal to the length direction is calculated. s in the hole making process.
- the cross-sectional area on the imaginary plane orthogonal to this length direction is s.
- the length in the length direction of the pair of side walls constituting the rocker arm to obtain the diameter at the maximum diameter portion of the first intermediate material is obtained. It is preferable that the distance between the outer surfaces of the side wall portions at the position corresponding to the maximum diameter portion is substantially the same.
- the entire length of the first intermediate material in the axial direction and the total length of the rocker arm to be obtained are substantially the same.
- the shape of the raw material and the intermediate material and the first cold forging are determined according to the shape of the product of the rocker arm to be obtained.
- the first intermediate material produced by subjecting the material to the first cold forging has a barrel shape having the maximum diameter at the axially intermediate portion
- the shape is set, it is necessary to construct a rocker arm in which each side wall has a shape such as a roughly rhombic shape, a substantially triangular shape, etc., in which the width dimension decreases toward the center in the length direction and decreases toward both ends in the length direction.
- the rocker arm has a width dimension from the center in the length direction to both ends in the length direction.
- the weight of the rocker arm can be reduced. Since the amount of plastic deformation of the first intermediate material in the second cold forging can be reduced, excessive force can be prevented from being applied to the mold used for cold forging, and the durability of this mold can be reduced. Improve it. For this reason, the cost of the rocker arm in mass production can be reduced. Further, since the first intermediate material can be formed into a barrel shape by being compressed in the axial direction, a metal wire having a small diameter can be used as a metal wire for obtaining the rocker arm. As a result, a lightweight rocker arm can be made at low cost.
- the first intermediate material has a symmetrical shape with respect to the central axis, there is no need to regulate the phase of the first intermediate material in the rotational direction with respect to the central axis during forging.
- a horizontal multi-stage cold forging machine which is a well-known manufacturing machine, is used, manufacturing can be easily automated, workability can be improved, and manufacturing time can be shortened, resulting in significant reduction in manufacturing cost. . If burrs can be eliminated, material costs can be further reduced, and glue can be removed. * Eliminating the need for a discharge mechanism eliminates the need for a simple cold forging machine. Can be. Further, the dimensional accuracy and surface accuracy of the obtained rocker arm can be improved.
- the shape and dimensions of the first intermediate material satisfy S ⁇ S + S
- the diameter of the first intermediate material at the maximum diameter portion is determined at a position corresponding to the maximum diameter portion in the length direction of the pair of side walls constituting the rocker arm to be obtained.
- the amount of plastic deformation of the first intermediate material in the second cold forging can be reduced. It is possible to more effectively prevent an excessive load from being applied to the mold used for the mold, and to further improve the durability of the mold. Therefore, the cost of the rocker arm in mass production can be further reduced.
- the position of the first intermediate material 33 can be regulated in the thickness direction of both side walls, so that the shape accuracy can be improved.
- the first cold forging in the second cold forging is performed.
- positioning in the axial direction can be easily performed, it is possible to more effectively prevent an excessive load or an unbalanced load from being applied to a mold used for cold forging, and to further improve the durability of the mold. Also, the shape accuracy of the mouth arm can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a partially completed rocker arm product according to an embodiment of the present invention, with a part thereof omitted.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram viewed from the right side of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a rocker arm.
- FIG. 6 shows a material obtained by the first step of the rocker arm manufacturing method.
- (A) is a front view
- (b) is a view seen from the side of (a).
- FIG. 7 shows a first intermediate material obtained in the second step, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of (a).
- FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the direction of the first intermediate material is changed by 90 degrees when the first intermediate material is moved from the first forging station to the second forging station.
- FIG. 9 shows a second intermediate material obtained in the third step, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a view seen from the right side of (a).
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 9 (a).
- FIG. 11 shows a second intermediate material obtained in the fourth step, (a) is a cross-sectional view, and (b) is a view seen from the right side of (a).
- FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line EE of FIG. 11 (a).
- FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 11 (a).
- FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion F in FIG. 12.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a state in the middle of the forging operation in the fourth step, taken along the line GG in FIG. 11 (a).
- FIG. 16 shows a third intermediate material obtained by the fifth step, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a view seen from the right side of (a).
- FIG. 17 is a view showing the third intermediate material and small pieces generated during the punching process in the fifth step, taken along the line HH in FIG. 16 (a).
- FIG. 18 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 16 (a).
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion I in FIG. 17.
- FIG. 20 shows a fourth intermediate material obtained by the sixth step, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a view seen from the right side of (a).
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a state in the middle of the forging operation in the sixth step by a cross section taken along the line JJ in FIG. 20 (a).
- FIG. 22 shows a rocker arm obtained by a conventionally known method of manufacturing a rocker arm, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a view seen from the left side of (a). It is.
- FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view showing a state where a rocker arm is manufactured by a conventionally known rocker arm manufacturing method.
- FIG. 24 is a partial cross-sectional view of a cold forging machine used in a conventionally known method of manufacturing a rocker arm.
- FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 24 showing the first forging station of the cold forging machine.
- FIG. 26 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 24 showing the first punching station of the cold forging machine.
- FIG. 27 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 24 showing a second forging station of the cold forging machine.
- FIG. 28 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 24 showing the second punching station of the cold forging machine.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a first example of another manufacturing method for obtaining a rocker arm in which a shear surface and a fracture surface do not face both end surfaces of the roller by a section taken along the line HH of FIG. .
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a second example of another manufacturing method for obtaining a rocker arm whose shear surface and fracture surface do not face both end surfaces of the roller by a section taken along line HH of FIG. .
- FIG. 121 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- the feature of this example is a rocker arm 1a obtained by cold forging a material made of a metal wire, and a second intermediate material 34b (for improving the performance of an engine incorporating the rocker arm la).
- the positional relationship between the shear surface and the fracture surface generated by punching out a part of Fig. 11-15) and the roller 35, and the position of the pair of side walls 2, 2 in the longitudinal direction are regulated respectively. That is the point.
- the feature of this example is that when the rocker arm la (FIG. 14) is formed by cold forging a metal wire material 32 (FIG. 6), the obtained rocker arm la is incorporated.
- the direction of pressing when cold forging the above material 32 and the first intermediate material 33 (Fig. 7) obtained from this material 32 to improve the performance of the engine The punching operation at the time of forming the hole 5 and the cold forging operation at the time of forming the first and second concave portions 36 and 40, which are the first and second engaging portions, respectively, are devised. It is in the point which did.
- the rocker arm la of the present example has a pair of side walls 2a substantially parallel to each other and formed in a substantially triangular shape, and a longitudinal direction of these side walls 2a (FIG. , 2) (a first connecting portion 3a and a second connecting portion 4a connecting both ends). Also, a pair of circular holes 5 are formed concentrically with each other at the longitudinally intermediate portion of the both side wall portions 2, and a roller 35 engaged with a cam is rotatably mounted at the intermediate portion between the circular holes 5. Both ends of a supporting shaft (not shown) for supporting are fixedly supported.
- a first concave portion 36 which is a first engaging portion is formed on the front side surface of the second). Also, in order to abut the tip of the lash adjuster, one side of the second connecting portion 4a (the right side surface in FIG. 1 and the front side surface in FIG. 2) is provided with a second engaging portion, a hemispherical second surface. Two concave portions 40 are formed.
- each side wall portion 2 located on the other surface (the left side surface in FIGS. 1 and 3 and the back side surface in FIG. 2) of the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a is described.
- both end edges are moved from the portion of the first recess 36 to which the center of the distal end face of the valve body should be abutted with respect to the length direction.
- the center of the front end surface of the lash adjuster of the lash adjuster is positioned between the part j3 to be abutted. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the outer shape of the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a when viewed in the thickness direction includes a plurality of linear portions 56a, 56c 56e, 56g and 56h. It has a trapezoidal shape with rounded corners.
- a chamfer 37 is formed in a mortar-like shape with a straight bus line.
- the chamfer 37 allows the end of the support shaft to be easily inserted into one of the circular holes 5, and the outer peripheral edges of both ends of the support shaft are formed as described above. It is used for caulking and fixing to the periphery of the opening end of each circular hole 5,5.
- the roller 35 is indicated by two concentric circles of two-dot chain lines, and the outer circle of these concentric circles indicates the outer peripheral surface of the roller 35 (the outer peripheral edge of the chamfer 52) and the inner circle. Circles represent the end faces of the roller 35 (the inner peripheral edge of the chamfer 52) (the same applies to FIGS. 13 and 18 described later).
- the edge of the sheared surface (fractured surface) on the roller 35 side (left side in FIG. 1) that is closest to one side in the width direction (right side in FIG. 1) ( The point Q) is located on one side in the width direction (on the one side (the right side in FIG. 1) of each of the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a) from the portion deviating from the first and second concave portions 36 and 40. (Right side of Fig. 1).
- Each of the side wall portions 2a is formed in a substantially triangular shape.
- the reason for forming each of these side walls 2a in such a shape is to form a circular hole 5 of a predetermined size in the middle of each of these side walls 2a, and to reduce the weight of the rocker arm la. In order to achieve both.
- a circular hole 5 is formed in a part of each of the side wall portions 2a at substantially the same position as the first and second connecting portions 3a, 4a in the width direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1, the front-back direction in FIG. 2).
- the side walls 2a may be formed in a substantially rhombic shape in consideration of weight reduction.
- a rocker arm having a desired shape can be manufactured by appropriately setting the process and the shape of the intermediate material.
- the rocker arm la of the present example configured as described above is manufactured as shown in FIG. Next, a method of manufacturing the rocker arm la will be described in detail.
- the end of the metal wire wound in the form of a coil on the rotation supporting device 8 is subjected to cold forging by a roller type wire feeding mechanism 11 (see FIG. 23) provided in a cold forging machine 10. It is introduced inside the molding machine 10. Further, in the case of this example, the cross section of the metal wire is circular.
- the metal wire is preliminarily immersed in a lubricating solution bath such as zinc phosphate to form a lubricating film layer such as a zinc phosphate film on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- This metal wire is manufactured by extrusion molding. For this reason, the direction of the fibrous flow (fiber flow) of the tissue inside the metal wire substantially coincides with the length direction of the metal wire.
- one fiber flow which is a flow of the fibrous tissue inside the rocker arm la, flows entirely in the length direction of the rocker arm la.
- the fiber flow force S at least the inner peripheral surface of the through-hole 45 formed between the both end edges in the length direction and the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a is removed. It is cut at
- the above-mentioned metal wire is cut into a predetermined length by a cutting mechanism 12 (see FIG. 24) provided in the cold forging machine 10, thereby forming a columnar shape as shown in FIG. Material (blank ) Build 32.
- a cutting mechanism 12 see FIG. 24
- the cold forging machine 10 used to manufacture the rocker arm in this example is substantially the same as that used in the rocker arm manufacturing method conventionally known as shown in FIGS. It is. Therefore, in the following description, the specific structure of the cold forging machine 10 is omitted or simplified. Further, the cold forging machine 10 used in the present embodiment does not generate at least the outer burrs (outside burrs) in the manufacturing process of the rocker arm la, unlike the one shown in FIGS.
- the columnar material 32 obtained in the first step moves to the first forging station provided in the cold forging machine 10 without changing its direction. Then, as a second step, the material 32 is horizontally driven into a fixed mold by a movable mold, and the material 32 is compressed in the axial direction (length direction) while expanding in the radial direction.
- Cold forging preliminary molding
- a first intermediate material 33 having a shape as shown in FIG. That is, in the first cold forging, the material 32 is subjected to a calo-pressure from both sides in the axial direction of the material 32 by a movable mold and a fixed mold.
- the first intermediate material 33 thus obtained has a barrel-like shape having a maximum diameter at the axially intermediate portion.
- the diameter of the first intermediate material 33 decreases as the force from the maximum diameter portion 38 provided at the intermediate portion and having the maximum diameter toward both ends in the axial direction decreases.
- Both end surfaces in the axial direction of the first intermediate material 33 are substantially flat surfaces.
- the axial position of the maximum diameter portion 38 is regulated in accordance with the position of the pair of side wall portions 2a, and is an intermediate portion in the axial direction, but is not necessarily a central portion in the axial direction.
- Each cross-sectional area in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the barrel-shaped first intermediate material 33 substantially corresponds to each cross-sectional area in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the second intermediate material 34b described later. I have.
- the shape of the first intermediate material 33 must be carefully set in consideration of the flow of the material at the time of forging.
- the first intermediate material 33 is formed, subsequently, as shown in Fig. 8, the first intermediate material 33 is rotated by the material turning supply device 23 (see Fig. 24) provided in the cold forging machine 10.
- the first intermediate material 33 is supplied from the first forging station to the second forging station while changing the direction of the intermediate material 33 by 90 degrees.
- the movable die of the second forging station is turned into a fixed die.
- the second intermediate forging (second preforming) is performed by compressing the first intermediate material 33 from both radial sides of the first intermediate material 33 by driving the first intermediate material 33 in the horizontal direction.
- a second intermediate material 34a having a rough shape and dimensions of the rocker arm la (FIGS. 114) as shown in FIGS.
- the second intermediate material 34a includes a pair of side wall portions 2a and a base portion 39 connecting one edge in the width direction (the right edge in FIG. 9A and FIG. 10) of the both side wall portions 2a.
- the middle part in the length direction of the base 39 is slightly protruded on the opposite side (the right side in FIG. 9A and FIG. 10) from each of the side wall parts 2a.
- the width direction of each side wall 2a constituting the second intermediate material 34a (FIG. 9 (a)
- the dimension in the horizontal direction in Fig. 10 is maximized. Since a lubricating film layer is previously formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first intermediate material 33 subjected to such second cold forging, the inner surfaces of the fixed and movable dies and the first intermediate material 33 Friction acting on the outer surface can be reduced. With this configuration, the molding workability and the shape accuracy of the second intermediate material 34a are improved.
- the second intermediate material 34a obtained in the third step is taken out from between the fixed die and the movable die and supplied to the third forging station.
- the second intermediate material 34a is horizontally transferred to the fixed mold 43 (FIG. 15) by the movable mold 44 ⁇ FIG. 11 (a), FIG. 15 ⁇ of the third forging station. Type in. Then, the second intermediate material 34a is subjected to a third cold forging (final molding) to have a shape and dimensions slightly closer to the finished product of the rocker arm la as shown in FIGS.
- the second intermediate material 34b is made.
- the second intermediate material 34b has a lengthwise intermediate portion of the base 39 protruding largely to the side opposite to each side wall 2a. Also, one end of the base 39 (the right side in FIG. 11 (a), the front side in FIG.
- the two ends that deviate in the directions ⁇ front and back in FIG. 11 (a), left and right in FIG. 11 (b), and up and down in FIG. 15 ⁇ are used as the reliefs for the material during the third cold forging.
- a fixed type 43 and a movable type I try not to hit 44.
- each of the relief portions 41 is located at the same position as the first concave portion 36 in the longitudinal direction of the base portion 39, and is provided near the first concave portion 36. Therefore, when the first concave portion 36 is formed, the escape of the excess portion can be smoothly performed, and the first concave portion 36 can be easily processed into a predetermined shape and size with high precision.
- the other end of the base portion 39 in the longitudinal direction (the upper end portion in Fig. 11) (the left side surface in Fig. 11 (a) and the rear side surface in Fig. 11 (b)) are used to fix the lash adjuster.
- a position opposite to the second concave portion 40 for abutting the tip portion is a second escape portion 42 of the material when performing the third cold forging.
- the second concave portion 40 is accurately processed into a predetermined shape and size. Easy to do.
- the roller 35 and the above The shape and dimensions of the second intermediate material 34b are regulated so as not to interfere with the base 39. More specifically, as shown in detail in FIG. 14, the middle part of the inner surface of the second intermediate material 34b is formed by connecting the inner edge of the smooth plane portion 53, which is the inner surface of each of the side walls 2a, to the rear end edge of the base 39.
- the cylindrical surface portion 54 that forms the intermediate portion of the inner surface of the second member has a curved surface portion 55 and is continuous.
- roller 35 is assembled inside the second intermediate material 34b as described above, the roller 35 is attached to any of the flat portion 53, the cylindrical surface portion 54, and the curved surface portion 55.
- the shape and dimensions of the inner surface of the second intermediate material 34b so as not to interfere with Control.
- both end surfaces of the roller 35 except for the chamfer 52 are located outside (the left side in FIG. 14) the rear edge (point R in FIG. 14) of the flat portion 53 constituting the inner surface of each of the side wall portions 2a. I will do it.
- the second intermediate material 34b obtained in the fourth step is taken out from between the fixed die 43 and the movable die 44 of the third forging station, and supplied to the first punching station. I do.
- a length direction of the base 39 of the second intermediate material 34b between the fixed mold and the movable mold is described.
- the intermediate portion is punched by a punching punch provided inside the fixed or movable die while holding a portion other than the intermediate portion.
- the punch for punching is inserted from the side between the side walls 2a, and the waste punching material (cutting material) is discharged to the side opposite to the side walls 2a. The reason for this is to prevent burrs generated during the punching process from facing the side where the roller 35 is arranged.
- a third intermediate material 46 having a through hole 45 penetrating in the thickness direction is formed at an intermediate portion thereof as shown in FIGS. 16-19.
- the formation of the through hole 45 forms both the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a that connect the longitudinal ends of each side wall portion 2a.
- the shape of one end in the width direction of each of the side walls 2a ⁇ the right end in FIG. 16 (a), FIG. 17, the front end in FIG. 16 (b) ⁇ And forging to adjust the dimensions.
- a small piece (cutout material) 50 generated by punching the base 39 by the punching process is also shown.
- the through-hole 45 includes a portion near the widthwise end of each of the side wall portions 2a (a portion near the right end in Figs. 16 (a), 14 and 17-19).
- a shear surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface at the part that was continuous with the outer peripheral edge of the above-mentioned small piece 50 (the part indicated by a satin finish in FIGS. 16 and 18 and the part indicated by the arrow X in FIG. 19).
- the third intermediate material 46 obtained in the fifth step is taken out from between the movable die and the fixed die of the first punching station and supplied to the fourth forging station.
- the movable The third intermediate material 46 is horizontally driven into a fixed die 47 by a mold 48 to perform a fourth cold forging (sizing) on the third intermediate material 46, and the first and second concave portions are formed.
- the third intermediate material 46 is pressed in the same direction as in the case of the second and third cold forgings.
- the shapes of the fixed mold 47, the movable mold 48, the reliefs 41, and the second reliefs 42 are not limited to the shapes shown in this example, and can be changed based on the required product shape. is there.
- the step of horizontally driving the third intermediate material 46 into the fixed die 47 by the movable die 48 is repeated as necessary, whereby the first and second forging stations are repeated.
- the steps of horizontally driving the third intermediate material 46 into the fixed die 47 by the movable die 48 are repeated.
- the steps of horizontally driving the third intermediate material 46 into the fixed die 47 by the movable die 48 are repeated.
- the parallelism of the side walls 2a adjust the parallelism of the side walls 2a, and adjust the distance between the inner surfaces and the distance between the outer surfaces of the side walls 2a. You can do things.
- the burr can be reduced or eliminated by slightly pressing the surface.
- the fourth intermediate material 49 is taken out from between the fixed die 47 and the movable die 48 of the fourth forging station, and the fourth intermediate material 49 is transferred to the second forging station. Supply to the punching station.
- each of the fourth intermediate materials 49 A second punching process is performed on a part of the side wall 2a to produce a finished product of the rocker arm la shown in FIG. 14 described above.
- the second punching is performed inside the cold forging machine 10.
- the fourth intermediate material 49 is supplied from the fourth forging station to the second punching station, the front end surfaces of the fixed die and the movable die of the second punching station are connected.
- a method of changing the direction of the fourth intermediate material 49 by 90 degrees so that the outer surface of each of the side walls 2a faces each other is conceivable.
- the fourth intermediate material 49 is sandwiched between the fixed die and the movable die of the second punching station, and the circular holes are formed by a punch for punching provided inside the fixed die or the movable die. Form 5.
- the fourth intermediate material 49 is directly supplied from the fourth forging station to the second punching station without changing the direction, and the movable molds 44 of the first to fourth forging stations are supplied.
- the movement of the drive mechanism (slide mechanism) for reciprocating the 48 and 48 is changed by a cam type provided on both sides to a direction different from this reciprocating direction by 90 degrees.
- a chamfer 37 (FIG. 4) is formed on the periphery of the opening end on the axially outer side of each of the circular holes 5 by forging at the same time as the drilling of each of the circular holes 5.
- the rocker arm is formed on the inner surface of each side wall 2a by punching to form the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a.
- the rocker arm la is made so that the entire shear surface (fracture surface) does not face the both end surfaces of the roller 35. According to the rocker arm la obtained in this manner, it is possible to prevent the sheared surface (fractured surface) from contacting both end surfaces of the roller 35. Therefore, the roller 35 can be smoothly rotated by the rocker arm la on which the roller 35 is assembled. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of abnormal wear on both end surfaces of the roller 35, and to suppress the generation of wear powder based on the wear at the contact portion.
- the two longitudinal edges of the lash adjuster of the second concave portion 40 are separated from the portion ⁇ of the first concave portion 36 to which the center of the distal end face of the valve body is to be abutted in this longitudinal direction.
- the center of the tip surface is located between the part to be abutted / 3. Therefore, the lengthwise dimension of each of the side walls 2a can be reduced, and the volume of each of the side walls 2a can be reduced, so that the entire rocker arm la can be reduced in weight. Therefore, the performance of the engine incorporating the rocker arm la can be further improved.
- the outer shape of the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a when viewed in the thickness direction is provided with a plurality of linear portions 56a, 56c-56e, 56f, and 56g. It has a trapezoidal shape.
- the first and second connecting portions are different.
- the volume of 3a and 4a can be reduced, and the entire rocker arm la can be made lighter.
- the present invention according to the second aspect can be applied.
- the both longitudinal edges of the side walls 2a located on one surface of the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a opposite to the first concave portion 36 are defined by this length.
- the first concave portion 36 is located between a portion to which the center of the base end face of the valve element is to be abutted and the center of the screw hole.
- the volume of each of the side wall portions 2a can be reduced, so that the weight of the entire rocker arm can be reduced.
- the rocker arm la is formed by cold forging a material 32 made of a metal wire. Improve the performance of the built-in engine.
- the material 32 is subjected to first cold forging by pressing the material 32 from both sides in the axial direction (length direction),
- first and second intermediate materials 33 and 34a obtained from the material 32 are placed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (the thickness direction of the base 39 or the connecting portions 3a and 4a).
- the first and second intermediate materials 33 and 34a are subjected to second and third cold forging.
- the material 32 and the first and second intermediate materials 33 and 34a are pressed from both sides in directions different from each other by 90 degrees, so that all Compared to the case where the material and the intermediate material are pressed in both directions in the same direction by cold forging, the concentration of excessive stress on a part of the obtained rocker arm la can be suppressed.
- the fiber flow of the material 32 substantially coincides with the length direction of the material 32.
- Most of the fiber flow of the first intermediate material 33 obtained from the material 32 can be almost parallel to the length direction of the first intermediate material 33, or can be made nearly parallel.
- the first intermediate material 33 and the like are cold forged into the first intermediate material 33 and the like by pressing the first intermediate material 33 and the like from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the length direction in the third step and the like. Therefore, compared to the case where cold forging is performed on the first intermediate material 33, etc., by pressing the first intermediate material 33, etc., also in the longitudinal direction, the fiber flow of the rocker arm la is obtained.
- a smooth flow corresponding to the entire shape of the rocker arm la can be obtained.
- the strength of the obtained rocker arm la can be sufficiently secured, and the durability of the engine incorporating the rocker arm la can be improved.
- the first, third, and third intermediate materials 33, 34a, and 46 are pressurized from both sides in a direction perpendicular to the length direction in the third, fourth, and sixth steps, so that each of these intermediate materials is pressed.
- cold forging materials 33, 34a and 46 the process is set so that no burrs (outside burrs) are generated on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, unlike the method of manufacturing the rocker arm described in Patent Document 1 described above, no single fiber flow is created in the outer sheath portion.
- the fiber flow is not disturbed by the outer burr portion, and is not interrupted by the removal of the outer burr. Therefore, the strength of the finished product (product) of the rocker arm la can be improved.
- the material loss can be suppressed, and the material cost can be easily reduced.
- the material 32 is pressurized from both sides in the axial direction (length direction), so that the material 32 is subjected to the first cold forging.
- the first intermediate material 33 that can be obtained without increasing the diameter of the metal wire can be easily formed into a barrel shape having a maximum diameter at the axially intermediate portion as in this example.
- the barrel-shaped first intermediate material 33 has a pair of substantially triangular side walls 2a having the maximum width dimension at the middle portion in the length direction, as in the present example. 34a can be easily made. The burrs that occur can be eliminated.
- a lightweight rocker arm la can be manufactured at low cost.
- the fiber flow of the rocker arm la flows in the length direction of the rocker arm la as a whole.
- the fiber flow is a portion excluding at least the both end edges in the length direction and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 45 formed between the first and second connecting portions 3a and 4a. Not disconnected. For this reason, molding workability can be improved, and strength and shape accuracy can be improved.
- both ends of the support shaft supporting the roller 35 are pressed by chamfers 37 (FIG. 4) formed on the outer peripheral edge of the through hole 5 formed in each side wall 2a.
- the chamfer 37 can be engaged with the flange-shaped portion formed by plastically deforming both ends of the support shaft radially outward.
- both ends of the support shaft can be connected and fixed to the through holes 5 with sufficient bonding strength.
- both ends of the support shaft can be connected and fixed with sufficient bonding strength to each side wall 2a with the cam follower in which the rocker arm la is assembled with the roller 35, and the durability of the engine incorporating the rocker arm 1 is improved.
- the end of the support shaft can be inserted into the inside of the four through-holes 5 while being guided by the chamfer 37, the work of inserting the support shaft into the through-hole 5 can be performed. Easy to do. Therefore, this support shaft and roller 35 and rocker arm la are combined. The cost of the cam follower can be reduced.
- the first and second concave portions 36 and 40 are formed by cold forging.
- a material escape portion 41 or a second escape portion 42 is provided.
- the sixth step for obtaining the fourth intermediate material 49 shown in FIG. 20 from the third intermediate material 46 shown in FIG. 16 the first and second concave portions 36 and 40 are cold forged.
- the first and second concave portions 36, in the length direction, of the third intermediate material 46 which are deviated inward in the width direction from the pair of side walls 2a.
- An escape portion 41 or a second escape portion 42 for the material is provided at the same position as the portion where the 40 is to be formed and near the first and second concave portions 36 and 40. Therefore, when forming the first and second concave portions 36 and 40, the excess portions of the second intermediate material 34b and the third intermediate material 46 are smoothly escaped.
- the two concave portions 36 and 40 can be easily processed to predetermined shapes and dimensions with high accuracy.
- the shape accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the first and second concave portions 36 and 40 can be improved, and when the obtained rocker arm la is used, the base end of the valve body is positioned at a predetermined position of the rocker arm la.
- the performance of the engine incorporating this rocker arm la can be improved by accurately engaging the front end of the lash adjuster and the lash adjuster.
- the second escape portion 42 is located on the opposite side of the second recess 40 in the base 39 or the second connecting portion 4a, the second recess 40 is provided at a predetermined position. It can be more easily processed to the shape and dimensions of the above.
- each circular hole 5 provided in each side wall 2a is formed by punching.
- each circular hole 5 is formed by shaving calories instead of this punching. It can also be formed by cutting.
- the cost of the rocker arm la will increase.
- Each circular hole 5 is formed. Also, the intermediate material taken out of the cold forging machine 10 is conveyed to another press working machine, and the above-mentioned circular holes 5 are punched out by the other press working machine.
- a lubricating film layer such as a zinc phosphate film is formed on the metal wire in advance.
- a lubricant to the inner surface of the mold of the cold forging machine 10, or supplying lubricating oil to the inside of the cold forging machine 10, the material 32 and the first to fourth intermediate materials 33 are provided.
- 34a, 34b, 46, 49 can also reduce the friction between the outer surface and the inner surface of the mold.
- the second intermediate material is formed in order to form a rocker arm la in which the entire shear surface (fracture surface) formed on the inner surface of each side wall portion 2a does not face both end surfaces of the roller 35.
- a fourth step of performing a third cold forging on 34a to produce a second intermediate material 34b (FIGS. 11-15)
- the arrangement of the rollers 35 on the rocker arm la to be obtained inside the second intermediate material 34b Even when it is assumed that the roller 35 is arranged at a position corresponding to the position, the shape and dimensions of the second intermediate material 34b are regulated so that the roller 35 and the base 39 do not interfere with each other.
- the manufacturing method for obtaining the rocker arm la in which the entire shear surface (fracture surface) formed on the inner surface of each side wall portion 2a as described above does not face both end surfaces of the roller 35 is limited to the method of this example. Not something.
- a fifth intermediate material 46 (FIG. 16-19) in which the base 39 of the second intermediate material 34b is punched to form a third intermediate material 46 (FIG. 16-19)
- this punching process forms a shear surface (fracture surface) (the portion shown in Fig. 29) on the inner surface at one widthwise end (right end in Fig. 29) of each side wall 2a.
- the forged portion can be cold forged to be bent toward the side of each of the side wall portions 2a (up and down direction in FIG. 29) as indicated by arrows in FIG.
- the roller with the rocker arm la to be obtained is obtained inside the second intermediate material 34b to be punched obtained in the fourth step.
- the roller 35 is arranged at a position corresponding to the arrangement position of the roller 35, even if the roller 35 and the base 39 interfere with each other, the entire shear surface (fracture surface) is formed on both end surfaces of the roller 35.
- a rocker arm la that does not face can be made.
- the maximum diameter portion 38 where the diameter of the first intermediate material 33 (Fig. 7) is the largest is a cross-sectional area with respect to a virtual plane orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the above-mentioned first intermediate material 33 is set so that S satisfies the specified relationship. It is processed to the shape and dimensions. That is, at a position corresponding to the maximum diameter portion 38 of the first intermediate material 33 in the length direction of the pair of side walls 2a constituting the completed product of the rocker arm la to be obtained, the length is orthogonal to the length direction. Let S be the total area of the cross-sectional shape a (Fig. 17) with respect to the virtual plane. In the fifth step, the base 39
- the shape and dimensions of the first intermediate material 33 are adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship of S ⁇ S + S.
- a lightweight rocker arm la can be manufactured at low cost. That is, in the case of this example, a manufacturing process was set up in which the rocker arm la could be manufactured using a multi-stage cold forging machine, so that manufacturing was easy, automation was excellent, and manufacturing time was shortened. Because it can be shortened, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced.
- the first cold forging is performed on the blank 32 having a predetermined length, and the barrel-shaped first intermediate member having the maximum diameter at the intermediate portion in the axial direction is used as the second step. We are making material 33.
- a second cold forging is performed on the barrel-shaped first intermediate material 33 to produce a second intermediate material 34a having a rough force, a suitable shape and dimensions of the rocker arm la. .
- each side wall 2a constituting the rocker arm la is formed into a substantially triangular shape having a shape in which the dimension in the width direction becomes smaller toward the both ends in the length direction from near the center in the length direction.
- the shape of the first intermediate material 33 to be subjected to the second cold forging can be approximated to the shape of the second intermediate material 34a to be obtained by the second cold forging.
- the shape of the first intermediate material 33 is As in the case of a, the cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the length direction can be formed such that the cross-sectional area becomes smaller toward the both ends in the length direction from near the center in the length direction. Further, since each of the side walls 2a is substantially triangular, it is possible to form the circular holes 5 for supporting the both ends of the support shaft, and to achieve a light-weight rocker arm la. Therefore, in the case of this example, a light rocker arm la can be obtained, and the generation of burrs to be removed can be eliminated.
- each process is set to prevent generation of burrs, and the shapes of the material 32 and the intermediate materials 33, 34a, 34b, 46, and 49 are set, so that material costs can be reduced and burrs can be reduced.
- the removing step, the removing mechanism, and the mechanism for discharging the removed glue become unnecessary, and the structure of the mold of the cold forging machine 10 can be simplified.
- the amount of plastic deformation of the first intermediate material 33 in the second cold forging can be reduced, it is possible to prevent an excessive load from being applied to the mold used for the cold forging.
- the durability of the mold can be improved. For this reason, the cost of the rocker arm la during mass production can be reduced.
- the first intermediate material 33 can be formed into a barrel shape by compressing in the axial direction as in this example, a metal wire having a small diameter can be used as a metal wire for obtaining the rocker arm la. .
- a lightweight rocker arm la can be manufactured at low cost.
- the first intermediate material 33 has a symmetrical shape with respect to the central axis, there is no need to regulate the phase (in the rotational direction) of the first intermediate material 33 with respect to the central axis during forging.
- the cross-sectional area of the maximum diameter portion 38 of the first intermediate material 33 obtained in the second step is denoted by S, and a pair of sides constituting the rocker arm la to be obtained.
- S the cross-sectional area of the maximum diameter portion 38 of the first intermediate material 33 obtained in the second step
- each part of the first intermediate material 33 is Can be plastically deformed, and the formability can be improved.
- the cross section of the first intermediate material 33 is regulated as described above, it is possible to prevent a shortage of the material, such as the occurrence of sink marks (underfill) at a part of each of the side wall portions 2a.
- the amount of plastic deformation of the first intermediate material 33 can be reduced, so that an excessive load can be prevented from being applied to the mold used for cold forging, and the durability of the mold can be improved. Therefore, the cost of the rocker arm la during mass production can be further reduced.
- the interval L and the diameter d at the maximum diameter portion are substantially the same, the second cold forging is performed at the time of the second cold forging.
- the first intermediate material 33 can be restricted in the thickness direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 2) of the both side walls 2a, and the shape accuracy can be improved.
- the axial positioning of the first intermediate material 33 in the second cold forging can be easily performed. For this reason, it is possible to more effectively prevent an excessive load or an unbalanced load from being applied to the mold used for cold forging, and it is possible to further improve the durability of the mold. In addition, the shape accuracy of the rocker arm la can be improved.
- the present embodiment is configured and operates as described above, so that a lightweight rocker arm can be obtained at low cost.
- the rocker arm obtained by cold forging a metal wire material is designed to be lightweight, and the performance of an engine incorporating the same is improved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04745459A EP1637705A4 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-05-31 | CULBUTOR AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION |
| US11/294,671 US7152320B2 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2005-12-05 | Rocker arm and method of manufacturing the rocker arm |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003-162655 | 2003-06-06 | ||
| JP2003161583A JP3659961B2 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2003-161583 | 2003-06-06 | ||
| JP2003162655A JP2004358538A (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2003168250A JP2005000960A (ja) | 2003-06-12 | 2003-06-12 | ロッカーアーム及びその製造方法 |
| JP2003-168250 | 2003-06-12 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/294,671 Continuation US7152320B2 (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2005-12-05 | Rocker arm and method of manufacturing the rocker arm |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004109065A1 true WO2004109065A1 (ja) | 2004-12-16 |
Family
ID=33514566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2004/007494 Ceased WO2004109065A1 (ja) | 2003-06-06 | 2004-05-31 | ロッカーアーム及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7152320B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1637705A4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2004109065A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060185636A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-24 | Gen Tek Technologies Marketing, Inc. | Manufacturing a rocker lever using cold forming and welding |
| DE112010002968T5 (de) | 2009-07-17 | 2012-10-25 | Ntn Corp. | Kurvenrolle und Verfahren zum Herstellen der Kurvenrolle |
| DE102012205695A1 (de) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-10 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Nockenfolger |
| JP6769691B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2020-10-14 | 株式会社オティックス | ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| CN113438991A (zh) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-09-24 | 伊顿智能动力有限公司 | 一种冷成形摇臂组件的外臂的方法 |
| CN113494325B (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2026-04-07 | 舍弗勒投资(中国)有限公司 | 气门摇臂组件 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0191931A (ja) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-04-11 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | ロッカアームの製造方法 |
| JPH04214912A (ja) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の動弁機構用ローラ付ロッカアーム |
| JPH05321616A (ja) * | 1991-02-15 | 1993-12-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | ローラ付カムフォロア |
| JPH06159018A (ja) * | 1992-11-21 | 1994-06-07 | Otix:Kk | ローラ付ロッカアームの製造方法 |
| JPH10328778A (ja) * | 1997-05-31 | 1998-12-15 | Saga Tekkosho:Kk | ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2000071046A (ja) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | 段付及び鍔付環状部材の製造方法 |
| JP2000140979A (ja) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-23 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | 段付き軸部品およびその製造方法 |
| JP2001047179A (ja) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-20 | Nsk Ltd | 板金製ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2003001362A (ja) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-01-07 | Nisshin Seisakusho:Kk | ロッカアームの製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4614171A (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1986-09-30 | W H Industries Inc. | Rocker arm construction |
| US4727832A (en) * | 1986-06-13 | 1988-03-01 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Roller rocker arm |
| US5251585A (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 1993-10-12 | Erich Neumayer Gmbh & Co. K.G. | Two-armed lever |
| DE4328375C2 (de) * | 1993-08-24 | 2001-02-15 | Peter Peppler | Rollenhebel |
| DE9400898U1 (de) * | 1994-01-20 | 1994-05-05 | INA Wälzlager Schaeffler KG, 91074 Herzogenaurach | Rollenhebel an einem Gußwerkstoff |
| JPH07269311A (ja) * | 1994-03-29 | 1995-10-17 | Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd | ロッカアームの加工方法 |
| US6199527B1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 2001-03-13 | Nsk Ltd. | Sheet metal rocker arm, manufacturing method thereof, cam follower with said rocker arm, and assembling method thereof |
| EP1357257B1 (de) * | 2002-04-22 | 2010-05-05 | Schaeffler KG | Hebelartiger Nockenfolger aus Blech |
-
2004
- 2004-05-31 EP EP04745459A patent/EP1637705A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-05-31 WO PCT/JP2004/007494 patent/WO2004109065A1/ja not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-12-05 US US11/294,671 patent/US7152320B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0191931A (ja) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-04-11 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | ロッカアームの製造方法 |
| JPH04214912A (ja) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の動弁機構用ローラ付ロッカアーム |
| JPH05321616A (ja) * | 1991-02-15 | 1993-12-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | ローラ付カムフォロア |
| JPH06159018A (ja) * | 1992-11-21 | 1994-06-07 | Otix:Kk | ローラ付ロッカアームの製造方法 |
| JPH10328778A (ja) * | 1997-05-31 | 1998-12-15 | Saga Tekkosho:Kk | ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2000071046A (ja) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | 段付及び鍔付環状部材の製造方法 |
| JP2000140979A (ja) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-05-23 | Nippon Koshuha Steel Co Ltd | 段付き軸部品およびその製造方法 |
| JP2001047179A (ja) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-20 | Nsk Ltd | 板金製ロッカーアームの製造方法 |
| JP2003001362A (ja) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-01-07 | Nisshin Seisakusho:Kk | ロッカアームの製造方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP1637705A4 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7152320B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
| EP1637705A4 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
| US20060137637A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
| EP1637705A1 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
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