WO2005010352A2 - Dispositif d'entrainement pour engin utilise sous l'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif d'entrainement pour engin utilise sous l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005010352A2
WO2005010352A2 PCT/DE2004/001381 DE2004001381W WO2005010352A2 WO 2005010352 A2 WO2005010352 A2 WO 2005010352A2 DE 2004001381 W DE2004001381 W DE 2004001381W WO 2005010352 A2 WO2005010352 A2 WO 2005010352A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drive
buoyancy
energy
rope
output shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2004/001381
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2005010352A3 (fr
Inventor
Jan Wegner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung
Original Assignee
Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung filed Critical Alfred Wegener Insitut fuer Polar und Meeresforschung
Publication of WO2005010352A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005010352A2/fr
Publication of WO2005010352A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005010352A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/02—Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust
    • F03B17/025—Other machines or engines using hydrostatic thrust and reciprocating motion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drive for a work machine in underwater use with a power transmission device with an output shaft and a buoyancy body as an energy source.
  • All layers of the sea from surface to deep into the sediments on the seabed are the subject of measurements, sampling and experiments of all kinds. This includes measuring devices for recording physical, biological and chemical parameters, samplers for taking material for laboratory tests and experiments to investigate the effects targeted influencing of the environment. Energy is required to operate these devices.
  • the main energy consumers are drives of all kinds, e.g. for filling and closing sample vessels, for moving robotic arms, for moving on the sea floor and for penetrating the test material.
  • energy is required for the operation of light sources for the use of imaging processes, sensors, data processing, signal processing, etc.
  • the Archimedean principle of buoyancy states that a body is immersed in the water until the weight of the displaced water corresponds to the total weight of the immersed body. A body with a specific weight greater than water will perish. A floatable body pressed under water will counteract the downward force as the buoyancy force between the weight of the water displaced during swimming and the weight of the water displaced when fully submerged. The buoyancy force is calculated from the volume of the buoyancy body multiplied by the specific weight of water minus the dead weight of the buoyancy body. As long as the result is positive, there is an upward force. If the result is zero, the body floats weakly in every water depth. If the result is negative, the body sinks. These considerations neglect the fact that water is compressible to a small extent and is compressed by approx. 0.45% per 1000 m depth
  • buoyancy drives with buoyancy bodies, or buoyancy drives for short work with little loss, since they only cause frictional resistance and no energetic conversions have overcome.
  • Such buoyancy drives can exist in all such media combinations that have a sufficient difference in specific weights and that allow the necessary movement.
  • the media combination can therefore be two gases, a liquid and a gas or vacuum, two liquids or a liquid and a solid. Solid plastics or possibly expensive syntactic foams can be used.
  • Buoyancy bodies made of composite materials are also conceivable. Naturally, the combination of a liquid and a gas or vacuum achieves the highest buoyancy.
  • buoyancy drives with water as a liquid and air as a gaseous medium are of the greatest importance. The way the buoyancy drive works reverses the weight drive, e.g. an old grandfather clock.
  • the patent specification GB 2 190 965 A (compressed air or gas powered buoyancy machine) describes a continuously operating buoyancy drive.
  • Floating bodies that are open on one side are attached to a belt running over two rollers.
  • the buoyancy drive is in a water tank and one of the rollers is equipped with an output shaft.
  • the belt that runs over the rollers and the output shaft represent the power transmission device.
  • the upward open buoyancy bodies are filled with compressed air from a line protruding into the water tank as they pass through bottom dead center, and drive the belt until they reach top dead center turn its open end up, lose air, and go empty down.
  • the whole buoyancy drive is based on the constant supply of air, e.g. presses from a tank under low pressure through the line under the buoyancy body. The machine only works economically if the air e.g. is available as a waste product from another process.
  • Up and down belts and the coupling elements form the power transmission device. At least one of the axes of the rollers carrying the revolving belts is the output shaft.
  • the buoyancy work is done by coupling the belts from the buoyancy belt to the driven belt, to the mechanisms for translating the buoyancy bodies from the buoyancy belt to the driven belt and to moving the buoyancy bodies from the driven belt to divided the diving chamber and for opening and closing the valves of the diving chamber.
  • the buoyancy work is done by coupling the belts from the buoyancy belt to the driven belt, to the mechanisms for translating the buoyancy bodies from the buoyancy belt to the driven belt and to moving the buoyancy bodies from the driven belt to divided the diving chamber and for opening and closing the valves of the diving chamber.
  • buoyancy drives presented in the literature always work continuously and are dependent on a constant external energy supply. They have open and therefore compressible buoyancy bodies. They can therefore only work in shallow water and are not suitable for scientific use on the seabed, especially at greater or greater depths. It is therefore the object of the present invention to develop the drive described at the outset for a work machine in underwater use with a power transmission device with an output shaft and a buoyancy body as an energy source in such a way that a discontinuously operating drive is produced, each with an amount of energy required for a defined work under water unique can be loaded.
  • the drive should be suitable for everyone, but especially for greater water depths, simple to set up, safe and reliable in operation and easy to handle.
  • the power transmission device consists of a cable pulley firmly connected to the output shaft, a cable that can be unwound from the cable pulley, force-coupling elements non-positively connected to the output shaft, and one when the drive is lowered on a support cable in Water-engaging, controlled releasable latching of the rope pulley and the buoyancy body by a closed, incompressible, with a coiled rope and a latched rope pulley with a body which is chargeable by buoyancy, depth of dive and unwindable rope length certain body with an arrangement at the free rope end, the working machine and / or the drive has a weight that more than compensates for the buoyancy.
  • a reliably working discontinuous drive is made available which automatically absorbs energy into an energy store in the form of a buoyancy body during the lowering into its working depth and then releases it again in a controlled manner during work. Then the energy storage must be recharged by bringing the drive back to the water surface and winding the rope.
  • the drive has a high degree of efficiency because it is without
  • the buoyancy body which in the invention is designed as a non-compressible body, generates in the water depth a buoyancy force which is dependent on its size and which, via a rope and placed a pulley on an output shaft and provided with mechanical control means, can perform a whole range of tasks.
  • the drive according to the invention is charged with potential energy by fastening the buoyancy body to the free end of the rope which is long on the pulley and corresponding to the intended diving depth of the drive, and by lowering it onto the water bed.
  • the entire working machine due to its basic weight, which is required anyway for safe positioning on the bottom of the body of water, with additional ballast, is sufficiently heavy to overcome the lifting force when lowering. Immediately at the start of the lowering, the buoyancy body releases its driving buoyancy.
  • a device which prevents the buoyancy body from unwinding the rope prematurely during the lowering and which only releases the buoyancy body when it reaches the position on the seabed.
  • a latch is suitable for this purpose, which reliably secures the rope pulley during the process of lowering the working machine.
  • the drive according to the invention is activated by a controlled release of the rope pulley and contributes to carrying out correspondingly planned and constructed experiments.
  • the external shape of the buoyancy body is fundamentally not relevant, but it is an advantageous further development of the drive according to the invention if the buoyancy body is formed by at least one commercially available buoyancy ball.
  • Such buoyancy balls are tested for pressure resistance for the required immersion depth of the drive, have an outer protective cover against damage during handling on board and have coupling points for the rope. They are also commercially available in various sizes and are relatively inexpensive.
  • the drive energy that can be implemented depends on the total volume of the buoyancy body, its own weight, the developable cable route from the bottom up to the surface of the water and the cable weight.
  • the buoyancy body can also be formed from several individual bodies arranged in any arrangement on the rope.
  • the rope consists of a largely buoyancy-neutral material
  • the rope weight is only slightly influenced by the resulting buoyancy force and causes hardly any loss of drive energy.
  • an aramid rope can be used here, for example, which has a particularly favorable ratio of resilience to its own weight under water.
  • the force coupling elements are designed as a gearwheel, V-belt pulley, eccentric pulley, cam disk, cam disk or worm wheel.
  • the aforementioned selection of force coupling elements can be connected to the output shaft in a form-fitting manner via generally customary connections such as feather keys, flanges, molded pinions, etc. or by means of pressing or gluing.
  • the specified design options are only examples of any structural combinations of mechanical elements that take into account the requirements of the respective experiment and the conditions under water. In principle, any mechanical task can be mastered, the embodiments are only limited in terms of effort.
  • the output shaft equipped with permanent magnets, the rotor and a bearing of the output shaft equipped with coils can form the stator of an electrical generator.
  • the electrical energy that can be generated by the drive according to the invention of up to a few 100 W can be used by consumers are available that cannot work with mechanical energy, for example devices for data processing and transmission, sensor supply, lighting and image recording devices and / or the control of actuators for mechanical energy distribution.
  • the latch which holds the force transmission device and the associated buoyant body when lowering, is formed by a locking pawl which engages in a ratchet wheel fixed on the output shaft, the latching by a when the drive is placed on a body of water actuated unlocking device is automatically released and that the unlocking device has a delay device operated by a clock spring to release the latch.
  • the latching serves to prevent the rope from unwinding prematurely with the buoyancy device when the machine is lowered onto the water bed. It is therefore necessary to have an unlocking device which functions reliably, for example by being placed on the water bed, and which releases the latching.
  • a mechanical delay device which runs like a clockwork and is spring-actuated, can advantageously be introduced between the unlocking device and the latching device in such a way that the unlocking device triggers the mechanism of the delaying device and, after its expiration, the latching device is released.
  • the unlocking device can also be triggered by a simple electronic device control with minimal electrical energy equipment.
  • the brake device can be designed, for example, in a controllable version as a modified drum brake with brake shoes acting directly on the output shaft, as a disc brake with a brake disc firmly mounted on the output shaft and brake shoes acting on this or as an eddy current brake utilizing the generator.
  • Brake devices that cannot be further controlled, for example impellers that use the water resistance and are arranged on the output shaft or on the pulley, can also be used.
  • a further unlocking device which can be controlled by the force coupling elements or by an electronic control device, is disposed on the power transmission device.
  • the entire working machine can be brought back to the water surface for various reasons. Then it makes sense to use the float to catch up.
  • another unlocking device can be triggered, the neutral ballast from the Machine releases and ensures that the buoyancy outweighs the weight of the machine.
  • the latch engages again and prevents the rope from unrolling further from the rope pulley, provided there is still rope supply.
  • the buoyancy body has reached the surface of the water, the drive machine and thus the experiment with the data obtained can be recovered from the rope of the buoyancy drive.
  • Figure 1 shows a drive according to the invention with a generator, a latch and a braking device in perspective
  • FIGS. 4a-4d a drive according to the invention with a selection of power coupling elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a drive 1 according to the invention schematically in a perspective view.
  • a power transmission device 2 is mounted on a base plate 3 of a work machine, not shown, and is anchored, for example, by its own weight, on the bottom 4 of a sea 5.
  • a cable pulley 7 connected to an output shaft 6 carries the entire intended length of a cable 8, the maximum the depth of the machine can be.
  • the output shaft 6 rests in bearings 9 on the Base plate 3 are fixed.
  • the end of the cable 8 forms a fastening device 10, for example a snap hook, for a buoyancy body 11.
  • buoyancy body 11 has the shape of a commercially available buoyancy ball 12 made of glass with a protective cover 13 with protective ribs 14 and an eyelet 15 for coupling to the fastening device 10 of the cable 8.
  • the output shaft 6 equipped with permanent magnets is the rotor 16 of an electrical generator 17, the stator 18 of which forms the bearing 9 with integrated coils. Magnets and coils are not shown here.
  • the electrical energy is tapped at the connections 19 and is used, for example, to control the force distribution with mechanical actuators, the sensor supply, data transmission devices and other consumers in the experiment that cannot work with mechanical energy.
  • FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b are shown schematically.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a drive 1 with a latch 20 and an unlocking device 21, which is automatically activated when it is placed on the water bed 4.
  • FIG. 2a shows the latched state during the lowering (indicated by two downward-pointing arrows) of the drive 1, mounted on the base plate 3.
  • the rope pulley 7 with the rope 8, on which the buoyancy body 11 (not shown here) pulls upwards, is firmly connected to the output shaft 6.
  • a ratchet wheel 22 On the output shaft 6, a ratchet wheel 22 is fixed, in which a locking pawl 23 engages and thus prevents the pulley 7 from running off.
  • the locking pawl 23 is supported via an axis of rotation 24 and an unlocking lever 25 on a fixed block 26 and is pressed by a return spring 27.
  • the Unlocking lever 25 sits on a further axis of rotation 28 and is in turn pressed against the block 26 by a further return spring 29.
  • FIG. 2b shows the unlocked state after the drive 1 is placed on the floor 4.
  • the unlocking lever 25 is rotated counterclockwise by its placement force about its further axis of rotation 28 into a position flush with the base plate 3.
  • the unlocking lever 25 presses the locking pawl 23 upward and rotates it clockwise about its axis of rotation 24.
  • the locking pawl 23 finally releases the ratchet wheel 22 and the rope pulley 7 can act on the rope due to the buoyancy of the buoyancy body 11 (not shown here) 8 start to spin.
  • FIG. 3 also schematically shows a drive 1 with a latch 20, an unlocking device 21 and a delay device 30.
  • the unlocking device 21 triggers and starts the spring-operated drain mechanism of the delay device 30.
  • the delay device 30 in turn actuates the latch 20 and unlocks drive 1. After loosening the ground contact, the entire actuation chain falls back into its original state and drive 1 is locked again.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4d show a drive 1 according to the invention with various force coupling elements, each with specific tasks for the experiment to be driven.
  • a gear 31 is shown, the can drive another gear 32 or a chain to reverse the direction of rotation.
  • FIG. 4b shows a V-belt pulley 33 with a V-belt 34, for example as a transmission belt with a constant direction of rotation.
  • FIG. 4c shows an eccentric disk 35 on the end face, with which an oscillating movement can be generated via a suitably mounted articulated lever 36.
  • FIG. 4d finally shows a cam disk 37, with the aid of which any control movement can be generated depending on the angle and with a variable stroke by means of a rocker arm 38.
  • Other forwarding elements such as cams, screws, downstream gears, etc. are also possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

Le fonctionnement d'appareils utilisés pour effectuer des mesures et des expériences dans la mer nécessite de l'énergie pour divers consommateurs. Tandis que certains entraînements ne consomment que de l'énergie électrique, des entraînements peuvent également exploiter des forces de poussée verticale (poussée d'Archimède) indépendantes de la profondeur exercées par des corps à poussée verticale (entraînements à poussée verticale). Actuellement, on ne connaît que des entraînements à poussée verticale fonctionnant en continu qui, étant donné qu'ils ont besoin d'une alimentation constante en énergie, ne peuvent être utilisés sous la surface de l'eau que de façon étanche. L'objectif de l'invention est donc de développer un dispositif d'entraînement fonctionnant de façon discontinue et adapté à toutes les profondeurs sous-marines, qui puisse être chargé respectivement, en une seule fois, avec la quantité d'énergie nécessaire. Cet objectif est atteint grâce à un dispositif d'entraînement (1) destiné à un engin utilisé sous l'eau, en particulier sur les grands fonds, dont le dispositif de transfert de forces (2) est constitué d'un arbre de sortie (6), d'un rouleau à câble (7) qui est relié audit arbre de sortie et supporte un câble (8) pouvant être déroulé, d'éléments de couplage de forces et d'un dispositif à cliquet (20), le corps à poussée verticale (11), qui est placé à l'extrémité libre du câble, étant une sphère à poussée verticale (12) fermée incompressible, pouvant être chargée en énergie de poussée verticale. Lors de la descente libre du dispositif d'entraînement (1), de l'énergie potentielle est absorbée par l'intermédiaire du corps à poussée verticale (11) retenu, cette énergie pouvant être, après que le dispositif d'entraînement (1) s'est déposé sur le fond, transformée en travail mécanique par un déverrouillage commandé du dispositif à cliquet (20).
PCT/DE2004/001381 2003-07-17 2004-06-27 Dispositif d'entrainement pour engin utilise sous l'eau Ceased WO2005010352A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003133513 DE10333513B4 (de) 2003-07-17 2003-07-17 Antrieb für eine Arbeitsmaschine im Unterwassereinsatz
DE10333513.7 2003-07-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005010352A2 true WO2005010352A2 (fr) 2005-02-03
WO2005010352A3 WO2005010352A3 (fr) 2005-05-12

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DE (1) DE10333513B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005010352A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1019751A3 (fr) * 2010-07-28 2012-12-04 Ipnesting Sprl Procede pour le stockage d'energie electrique sous forme d'energie potentielle.
CN109209741A (zh) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-15 何斌 一种波浪发电装置用浮子
CN111573541B (zh) * 2020-05-22 2021-10-08 中国海洋大学 一种水下自动收放缆索绞车
GB2607183A (en) * 2021-04-12 2022-11-30 Stewart Paul Apparatus for converting buoyancy forces of a gas in a liquid into mechanical torque

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006059233A1 (de) * 2006-12-13 2008-03-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zur wechselweisen Ein- und Ausspeicherung von Energie sowie Speichervorrichtung hierfür
DE102011055524B3 (de) 2011-11-18 2012-10-18 Thyssenkrupp Transrapid Gmbh Energiespeicherung am Meeresboden
DE102013205475A1 (de) * 2013-03-27 2014-10-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Energiespeichereinrichtung zur temporären reversiblen Speicherung überschüssiger Energie
FR3016930B1 (fr) 2014-01-28 2016-02-05 Christophe Stevens Systeme de stockage et generation d'energie electrique pour milieu aquatique
KR101769761B1 (ko) * 2016-01-13 2017-08-30 성용준 와이어를 포함하는 파력 발전 장치

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NO145353C (no) * 1974-07-04 1982-03-03 Kjell Budal Konstruksjon for omforming av boelgeenergi til annan energi
GB2015657B (en) * 1978-03-01 1982-02-03 Evans D V Davis J P Utilizing wave energy
GB2046846B (en) * 1979-04-12 1983-03-30 Walther K J Closed circuit buoyancy system for driving and electrical generator
GB2190965B (en) * 1986-05-28 1991-01-16 John Corbet Mcqueen Compressed air powered machine
GB8729411D0 (en) * 1987-12-17 1988-02-03 Poderis J Power system
DE3909154A1 (de) * 1989-03-21 1990-10-04 Kurt Dr Rudolph Vorrichtung zum erzeugen einer drehbewegung mittels eines in eine fluessigkeitssaeule untergetauchten und darin aufsteigenden auftriebskoerpers
GB2241990A (en) * 1990-01-23 1991-09-18 Richard John Hampden Lucy Power generation from tides
GB2272026A (en) * 1992-10-29 1994-05-04 William Chilton Electrical power generation from waves
WO1999028623A1 (fr) * 1997-12-03 1999-06-10 William Dick Houlomotrice

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1019751A3 (fr) * 2010-07-28 2012-12-04 Ipnesting Sprl Procede pour le stockage d'energie electrique sous forme d'energie potentielle.
CN109209741A (zh) * 2018-11-12 2019-01-15 何斌 一种波浪发电装置用浮子
CN111573541B (zh) * 2020-05-22 2021-10-08 中国海洋大学 一种水下自动收放缆索绞车
GB2607183A (en) * 2021-04-12 2022-11-30 Stewart Paul Apparatus for converting buoyancy forces of a gas in a liquid into mechanical torque
GB2607183B (en) * 2021-04-12 2025-01-22 Stewart Paul Apparatus for converting buoyancy forces of a gas in a liquid into mechanical torque

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10333513A1 (de) 2005-02-10
DE10333513B4 (de) 2007-06-14
WO2005010352A3 (fr) 2005-05-12

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