WO2005043834A2 - Procede pour determiner un chemin dans un systeme de communication radio ad hoc - Google Patents

Procede pour determiner un chemin dans un systeme de communication radio ad hoc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005043834A2
WO2005043834A2 PCT/EP2004/052583 EP2004052583W WO2005043834A2 WO 2005043834 A2 WO2005043834 A2 WO 2005043834A2 EP 2004052583 W EP2004052583 W EP 2004052583W WO 2005043834 A2 WO2005043834 A2 WO 2005043834A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radio
path
msb
msf
msh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2004/052583
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2005043834A3 (fr
Inventor
Hui Li
Dan Yu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2005043834A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005043834A2/fr
Publication of WO2005043834A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005043834A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
    • H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/04—Terminal devices adapted for relaying to or from another terminal or user

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining a path in a radio communication system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device, a computer program product and a radio station for performing the method.
  • information for example voice, image information, video information, SMS (Short Message Service), MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) or other data
  • information is transmitted with the help of electromagnetic waves via a radio interface between the transmitting and receiving radio station.
  • the radio stations can be different types of subscriber-side radio stations, radio access points or base stations.
  • the electromagnetic waves are emitted at carrier frequencies that lie in the frequency band provided for the respective system.
  • Radio communication systems are often al.s cellular systems, for example according to the standard GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) or UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) with a network infrastructure consisting for example of Basissta ⁇ functions, means abandonedbil for monitoring and controlling the base stations and other network devices - det. Frequencies at 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz are used for the cellular GSM mobile radio system.
  • the cellular mobile radio communication systems essentially transmit voice, fax and short messages.
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • AP Access Point
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • WLANs Wireless Local Area Networks
  • the cells covered by the wireless access points (AP: Access Point) of the WLANs are small with a diameter of up to a few hundred meters in comparison to conventional mobile radio cells.
  • Examples of different standards for WLANs are HiperLAN, DECT, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth and WATM.
  • the unlicensed frequency range around 2.4 GHz is used for WLANs.
  • Data transfer rates are up to 11 Mbit / s.
  • Future WLANs can be operated in the 5 GHz range and achieve data rates of over 50 Mbit / s.
  • This means that the subscribers to the WLANs have data rates that are significantly higher than those offered by the third generation of mobile communications (such as UMTS).
  • This means that access to WLANs for high-bit-rate connections is advantageous for the transmission of large amounts of data, especially in connection with Internet access.
  • the radio stations of the WLAN either communicate directly with a radio access point or, in the case of radio stations which are further away, via other radio stations which transmit the information between the radio station and the radio access point via a path between the radio station and the radio access point.
  • BDN Broadband Data Networks broadband data networks
  • radio stations can communicate with one another via one or more hops (hop, multihop) without the need for intermediary devices such as base stations or radio access points.
  • hop hop, multihop
  • a path must first be determined between the radio station and the recipient of the data.
  • a path runs over one or more radio stations, which before forwarding information during data transmission between sender and receiver. The radio stations on the path are therefore neighboring radio stations which can communicate with one another directly via radio.
  • a path can be determined by various methods for decentralized path determination by radio stations. As a rule, a large number of signaling messages are sent, so that the scarce radio resources are used up considerably by determining the path.
  • a path can also be determined by a centrally supported method for path determination with the involvement of a central facility, which neighborhood relationships between radio stations or the current network topology are known. However, even with complete knowledge of all neighborhood relationships by the path-determining device, it is possible to determine such a path which, due to message transmissions via other paths in the vicinity, has defective transmission properties. These poor transmission properties can e.g. through delays or poor signal quality.
  • the invention is based on the object of demonstrating a centrally supported method for determining a path having positive transmission properties between two radio stations of a radio communication system. Furthermore, a device, a suitable computer program product for such a device and a radio station to support the method are to be presented.
  • the method is used to determine a path for radio transmission between a first and a second radio station of a radio communication system.
  • the radio communication system comprises a plurality of further radio stations.
  • the path runs over one or more of the further radio stations, so that information can be transmitted via radio via the path between the first and the second radio station.
  • the device that determines the path can be part of the same radio communication system that also includes the radio stations, or of another communication system.
  • a path determination request is made to it. This request can be made in particular by the first and / or the second radio station, but it is also possible for another station in the radio communication system or another communication system to make a request for path determination.
  • the request can be sent directly or via other stations that forward the request.
  • the determination of the path in the facility corresponds to a determination of which radio stations the path runs through.
  • a criterion is used to determine the path, which comprises the utilization of radio resources at the location of one or more radio stations.
  • the utilization of the radio resources thus relates to a geographical area, namely the immediate vicinity of one or more radio stations.
  • the radio resources can be, for example, one or more frequency channels.
  • the information about the utilization is advantageous taken into account in such a way that a path with the lowest possible utilization is determined.
  • the device can send information about the specific path in particular to the station which makes the request for the path determination.
  • the information about the utilization of radio resources is a portion of the time during which at least one radio channel is occupied or free.
  • a radio channel is occupied from the perspective of a Funksta ⁇ tion if it can not be used for access or the sending of messages by the radio station as it currently is for example used by another radio station or is reserved for this. However, if the radio channel is free, it is available to the radio station for access.
  • An example of the information about the load is the quantity "Channel busy time", which indicates the proportion of the time during which a radio channel is occupied: for example, a radio station measures the occupancy of a radio channel for five seconds, and is during the five The channel busy time is one-fifth occupied for a total of one second.
  • the device determines the path, taking into account information on the utilization of Funkres ⁇ resources at each location of a plurality of radio stations ⁇ .
  • the utilization of radio resources in the vicinity is taken into account by all or by all active radio stations. It is particularly favorable if the device knows the neighbors and the degree of utilization of the radio resources in relation to all radio stations available for the path to be determined.
  • the device for determining the path minimizes a total utilization of radio resources via radio stations, over which possible paths run.
  • a possible path is one Path between the first and the second radio station, which could be determined by the device as a path, since information can be transmitted from the first to the second radio station. If there are several possible paths, the facility can choose between these alternative paths. For this purpose, it determines the total utilization of radio resources along the path, that is to say it adds up the individual utilization of radio resources for each of the radio stations of the possible path. If there are several possible paths, the path with the lowest total utilization of radio resources is advantageously determined by the base station.
  • the device can determine the path taking into account the number of radio stations over which possible paths run. It is advantageous here to choose a path with a small or as small a number of jumps as possible.
  • the device for determining the path optimizes a variable into which the number of radio stations, over which possible paths run, and the total utilization of radio resources via radio stations, over which possible paths run.
  • the number and the degree of utilization can be weighted differently.
  • a combination of the total utilization of the radio resources along a path with other criteria is also possible.
  • Radio stations advantageously determine information about the utilization of radio resources at their respective location and transmit this to the facility.
  • the determination and transmission can take place upon request by the facility, or by default, for example, in periodic periods.
  • the determination and transmission of the information is advantageously carried out by all radio Stations, or through all radio stations over which a path to be determined can run.
  • the device according to the invention for a radio communication system comprising a plurality of radio stations has means for receiving at least one message with information about the utilization of radio resources at the location of at least one radio station.
  • the device according to the invention can be part of the radio communication system comprising the radio stations or of another communication system. It also preferably has means for processing the at least one received message and for using the received information when determining a path.
  • the means for receiving are designed such that the at least one message with information about the utilization of radio resources at the location of at least one radio station is received by the at least one radio station. Such messages can in particular be received by all radio stations of the radio communication system.
  • the device serves to support the determination of a path for radio transmission between a first and a second radio station of a radio communication system, the radio communication system comprising a plurality of further radio stations in addition to the first and the second radio station.
  • the path runs over one or more of the further radio stations, so that information can be transmitted via radio via the path between the first and the second radio station.
  • the device comprises means for storing adjacent relationships between radio stations of the radio communication system, and means for storing 'of information about the utilization of radio resources at the location of at least one of the other radio stations, and means for determining said path, taking account of the stored information about the utilization of radio resources.
  • the device according to the invention can preferably store the respective neighbors and the utilization of radio resources for each radio station of the radio communication system.
  • the means for determining the path are designed such that a size is optimized for determining the path, into which the number of
  • the two devices according to the invention can be used in particular to carry out a method according to the invention, which also applies to the subclaims. For this purpose, they can have other suitable means. Furthermore, the implementation of a device with the features of the two devices according to claims 8 and 10 is possible. The above-mentioned object with regard to a computer program product is achieved by a computer program product with the features of claim 12.
  • the computer program product is used to support the determination of a path for radio transmission between a first and a second radio station of a radio communication system, the radio communication system comprising a plurality of further radio stations in addition to the first and the second radio station.
  • the path runs over one or more of the further radio stations, so that information can be transmitted via radio via the path between the first and the second radio station.
  • the computer program product has a program step of determining the path, taking into account information about the utilization of
  • Radio resources at the location of at least one of the other radio stations are Radio resources at the location of at least one of the other radio stations.
  • a computer program product includes, in addition to the actual computer program (with its technical effect that goes beyond the normal physical interaction between the program and the computing unit), in particular a recording medium for the computer program, a file collection, a configured computing unit, but also, for example, a storage device or a server on which files belonging to the computer program are stored are understood.
  • the computer program product according to the invention can be used in particular to carry out the method according to the invention in a device according to the invention. For this purpose, it can have further program steps.
  • the above-mentioned object with regard to a radio station is achieved by a radio station with the features of claim 13.
  • the radio station according to the invention has means for determining information about the utilization of radio resources at the location of the radio station, and means for sending the determined information to a network-side device.
  • the network-side device can be part of the same or another radio communication system as the radio station.
  • the determined information can be sent to the network-side device directly or via other radio stations or devices.
  • FIG. 1 three paths between mobile stations of a radio communication system
  • FIG. 2a a first base station according to the invention
  • FIG. 2b a second base station according to the invention
  • Figure 3 a mobile station according to the invention.
  • the radio communication system consists of the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI.
  • the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI are located within the radio cell of a base station BS of a cellular radio communication system. Further components of the cellular radio communication system are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the cellular radio communication system can be the same radio communication system, the components of which are also the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI, or another radio communication system. It is assumed that the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI each have a radio interface for communication with one another and for communication with the base station BS.
  • the mobile station MSS1 intends to send one or more messages to the mobile station MSD1, while the mobile station MSS2 wants to send one or more messages to the mobile station MSD2. Since the mobile stations MSD1 and MSD2 are not within the range of the mobile stations MSSl and MSS2, a path between the mobile stations MSSl and MSDl or MSS2 and MSD2 must be determined before the messages are transmitted. The path determination is not carried out decentrally, but is supported by the base station BS. For this purpose, the mobile stations MSS1 and MSS2 send a request for path determination to the base station BS, which determines a suitable path and sends the result to the mobile stations MSS1 and MSS2.
  • the base station BS knows the topology of the network of the mobile stations. For this purpose, each mobile station determines its neighbors and transmits information about its neighbors to the base station BS. The number of hops or the number of mobile stations over which the path runs can be used as a criterion for a suitable path.
  • a first path P1 runs between the mobile stations MSS1 and MSD1 via the mobile stations MSG, MSH and MSI.
  • a second path P2 between the mobile stations MSS2 and MSD2 runs via the mobile stations MSA, MSB and MSC, while a third path P3 runs between the same mobile stations MSS22 and MSD2 via the mobile stations MSD, MSE and MSF.
  • the course of the paths P1, P2 and P3 is identified in FIG. 1 by simple arrows between adjacent mobile stations of the paths P1, P2 and P3. Since the base station BS determines the course of the paths via which messages are sent, it can determine the paths in such a way that several paths do not run simultaneously via one or more identical mobile stations. Otherwise there would be the problem that there would be a delay in message forwarding due to an overload of the respective mobile stations, which are part of several paths.
  • the base station BS has communicated the path P1 to the mobile station MSS1 in FIG. 1, so that the path P1 is currently used to send messages from the mobile station MSS1 to the mobile station MSD1.
  • the mobile station MSS2 now makes a request to the base station BS to determine a path to the mobile station MSD2.
  • the base station determines that both path P2 and path P3 are available for this. Both paths P2 and P3 each run over three mobile stations, so that the criterion of the number of hops by itself does not allow a sensible decision about the selection of the path.
  • Path P2 and also none of the mobile stations MSD, MSE and MSF of path P3 are used for forwarding messages via another path. There is also no transmission or reception of messages by the mobile stations MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF. Thus, the traffic load of the mobile stations MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE and MSF does not provide a meaningful decision criterion for selecting the suitable path between the mobile stations MSS2 and MSD2.
  • the access of the mobile stations to the radio medium is based on a CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) procedure.
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • each mobile station must listen to the radio resources in order to determine whether they are used at their location or within their radio range. If a mobile station detects that the respective radio resources are not used by another mobile station in their area, so they may access them.
  • the mobile stations MSA, MSB and MSC of path P2 can only forward a message from the mobile station MSS2 to the mobile station MSD2 if they detect that the radio resources required for this are free.
  • the mobile station MSH of the path P1 is in radio range to the mobile station MSB of the path P2, symbolized in FIG.
  • the mobile stations MSD, MSE and MSF of the path P3, on the other hand, are not within the radio range of the mobile stations MSG, MSH and MSI of the path Pl.
  • a message can be transmitted via the two paths Pl and P3 at the same time without mutual interference or interference from the Message routing expires.
  • the base station BS accordingly determines the path P3 as the path to be used for message transmission between the mobile stations MSS2 and MSD2.
  • the base station BS therefore uses the criterion of the utilization of the radio resources at the location or in the vicinity of the mobile stations of the paths P2 and P3 to determine the path.
  • the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI determine the duration Tb of the assignment of the radio nals during a measuring time Tm.
  • the quotient B Tb / Tm denotes the utilization of the radio resources at the respective location of the measuring mobile station, it is referred to as the channel busy time.
  • This load is determined regularly in accordance with IEEE 802.11.
  • the channel busy time includes not only the occupancy of radio resources and thus the traffic load of the respective mobile station, but also the traffic load of the neighboring mobile stations.
  • the result of the determination of the channel busy time is periodically sent by the mobile stations MSSl, MSDl, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI to the base station BS, which determines the specific utilization of the radio - saves resources or updates them.
  • the base station BS thus has a memory in which the respective neighbors and the determined utilization of the radio resources are stored for each mobile station MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI , In the example in FIG.
  • the value for the utilization of the radio resources for the mobile stations MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSC, MSD, MSE and MSF is zero.
  • the mobile station MSB is assigned a value greater than zero, since this registers a temporary occupancy of the channel due to the use of the path P1, which corresponds to the traffic load of the mobile station MSH.
  • the mobile stations MSSl, MSG, MSH, MSI and MSDl are also assigned a value greater than zero, since messages are transmitted from the mobile station MSSl via the path P1 to the mobile station MSDl and these mobile stations thus have their own traffic load.
  • the base station can now form a total utilization of the radio resources for all possible paths between the mobile stations MSS2 and MSD2.
  • the possible paths are the two paths P2 and P3.
  • the total utilization of the radio resources on a path is formed by the for each mobile station of the respective path of the stored utilization of the radio resources is summed up. This results in a value of zero for the path P3, since the mobile stations MSD, MSE and MSF are each assigned a value of zero for the utilization of the radio resources, while a value greater than zero is determined for the path P2 because the mobile station MSB a value greater than zero and a value equal to zero is assigned to the mobile stations MSA and MSC for the utilization of the radio resources.
  • preference is given to the path with the lowest total utilization of the radio resources.
  • a combined criterion consisting of a combination of the criteria of the number of hops and the total utilization of the radio resources along a path is particularly advantageous when determining a path.
  • the two paths P2 and P3 have the same number of hops, while the total utilization of the radio resources along the path P2 is greater.
  • the path P3 for message transmission between the mobile stations MSS2 and MSD2 is thus determined by the base station BS.
  • the two individual criteria of the number of hops on a path on the one hand and the total utilization of radio resources along the path on the other hand can be weighted differently, so that, for example, the total utilization of the radio resources along the path play a greater role than the number of hops or vice versa.
  • further criteria can also be combined with the criterion of the total utilization of the radio resources.
  • the method is also applicable to other constellations in which a path is to be determined.
  • the mobile station MSD2 could be a radio access point of a WLAN, which enables the mobile stations MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH and MSI to be connected to other communication networks.
  • a path must first be determined between the mobile station MSS2 and the radio access point, for which the method according to the invention can be used.
  • FIG. 2a shows a first base station BS1 according to the invention with means M1 for storing the network topology.
  • the means M2 are used to store the information about the utilization of the radio resources sent to them by the mobile stations.
  • the base station BS1 determines a path between mobile stations, the stored information on the utilization of radio resources being used as a criterion.
  • the means M3 also allow the use of combined criteria for determining the path. The determination of the path, taking into account suitable criteria, is preferably carried out using a computer program product.
  • FIG. 2b shows a second base station BS2 according to the invention with means M4 for receiving one or more subsequent judge with information about the utilization of radio resources at the location of at least one mobile station.
  • the messages received originate in particular from the mobile stations in question, the surroundings of which relate to the utilization of radio resources.
  • a combination of the features of the base stations BS1 and BS2 is also possible. Furthermore, the location of the described means in the base stations BS1 and BS2 is a localization of the means in one or more other, with the
  • Base stations BS1 and BS2 connected network-side devices the same.
  • FIG. 3 shows a mobile station MS according to the invention with means MF1 for determining the utilization of the radio resources in its environment.
  • the means MF2 are used to send the determined utilization to a base station or another network-side device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de déterminer un chemin (P1, P2, P3) pour effectuer une transmission radio entre une première (MSS1, MSS2) et une deuxième (MSD1, MSD2) station radio d'un système de communication radio. Ledit système de communication radio comprend, outre la première (MSS1, MSS2) et la deuxième (MSD1, MSD2) station radio, une pluralité d'autres stations radio (MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH, MSI). Le chemin (P1, P2, P3) s'étend entre une ou plusieurs de ces autres stations radio (MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH, MSI) de sorte que des informations puissent être transmises par radio entre la première (MSS1, MSS2) et la deuxième (MSD1, MSD2) station radio par l'intermédiaire dudit chemin (P1, P2, P3). Le procédé selon l'invention fait appel à un dispositif (BS) qui a connaissance de relations de proximité entre des stations radio (MSS1, MSD1, MSS2, MSD2, MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH, MSI) du système de communication radio. Selon l'invention, ce dispositif (BS) détermine sur demande le chemin (P1, P2, P3) en prenant en compte des informations concernant l'utilisation de ressources radio à l'endroit où se trouve au moins une des autres stations radio (MSA, MSB, MSC, MSD, MSE, MSF, MSG, MSH, MSI). L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif côté réseau, un produit programme informatique pour un dispositif côté réseau et une station radio permettant de mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé.
PCT/EP2004/052583 2003-10-31 2004-10-20 Procede pour determiner un chemin dans un systeme de communication radio ad hoc Ceased WO2005043834A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10350889A DE10350889A1 (de) 2003-10-31 2003-10-31 Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Pfades in einem Adhoc-Funkkommunikationssystem
DE10350889.9 2003-10-31

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WO2005043834A2 true WO2005043834A2 (fr) 2005-05-12
WO2005043834A3 WO2005043834A3 (fr) 2005-07-21

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EP1236315A1 (fr) * 1999-12-06 2002-09-04 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Formation de picoreseau basee sur la recherche de voies d'acheminement
EP1455485A1 (fr) * 2003-03-03 2004-09-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour transporter des informations dans un réseau hétérogène comprenant un réseau local sans fil et un réseau radio cellulaire contrôlé par une station de base du réseau radio cellulaire

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WO2005043834A3 (fr) 2005-07-21

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