WO2005106994A1 - 燃料電池用膜-電極接合体、および、これを用いた燃料電池 - Google Patents
燃料電池用膜-電極接合体、および、これを用いた燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005106994A1 WO2005106994A1 PCT/JP2005/007707 JP2005007707W WO2005106994A1 WO 2005106994 A1 WO2005106994 A1 WO 2005106994A1 JP 2005007707 W JP2005007707 W JP 2005007707W WO 2005106994 A1 WO2005106994 A1 WO 2005106994A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- fuel cell
- sword
- electrode assembly
- force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
- H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
- H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
- H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/734—Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc.
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/70—Nanostructure
- Y10S977/734—Fullerenes, i.e. graphene-based structures, such as nanohorns, nanococoons, nanoscrolls or fullerene-like structures, e.g. WS2 or MoS2 chalcogenide nanotubes, planar C3N4, etc.
- Y10S977/742—Carbon nanotubes, CNTs
Definitions
- the carbon black is not particularly limited as long as it is a conventional carbon black, and preferably includes channel black, furnace black, thermal black, Ketjen black, black pearl and the like.
- the carbon black commercially available products can be used.
- oil furnace blacks such as Ketjen Black EC and # 3150 and # 3250 manufactured by Mitsubishi Idani Gakusha
- acetylene blacks such as Denka Black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo.
- the graphite I spoon-treated carbon black is a true density 1. 80-2.
- L lgZcm 3, preferable to use those lattice spacing d is 3. 36-3. 55A.
- the carbon black that has been subjected to the graphitizing treatment by heat treatment or the like has a graphitizing layer having a three-dimensional crystal lattice force similar to the graphite structure formed on the surface, and as the graphitizing proceeds, the fineness between the crystal lattices increases. The number of voids is reduced, and the crystal structure of the conductive carbon material approaches that of graphite. Considering corrosion resistance and the like in addition to water repellency, it is preferable that the conductive carbon material used has a high crystallinity.
- the true density is 1.90-2.l lgZcm 3 and the lattice spacing d is 3.38-3.53A.
- the conductivity of the carbon black subjected to the graphitizing treatment is the same as that of a conventional method. Then, the graphite black-treated carbon black is compression-molded at 14 to 140 MPa, heat-treated at 1000 ° C in a nitrogen atmosphere, and measured at 25 ° C.
- the carbon black that has been subjected to the graphite treatment has a BET surface area power of preferably 100 m 2 Zg or more, more preferably 100 to 300 m 2 Zg, particularly preferably 120 to 250 m 2 Zg. It preferably contains carbon black (A) that has been subjected to a dani processing. According to the graphitized carbon black (A), a power source electrode catalyst excellent in catalytic activity is obtained because of excellent corrosion resistance as well as drainage property, and high dispersibility of the supported power source catalyst. Can be
- the amount of the carbon black (A) that has been subjected to the graphitizing treatment is not particularly limited.
- the supported amount may be determined according to the type of the cathode catalyst, the performance of the membrane-electrode assembly, the type of the carbon black subjected to the graphite treatment, and the like so that the desired power generation characteristics can be obtained.
- the cathode catalyst in the force-sword electrode catalyst (C) is The supported amount is preferably 20 to 80% by mass, and more preferably 40 to 60% by mass, based on the total amount of the above-mentioned force electrode electrocatalyst (C).
- the carbon black (A) subjected to the graphitizing treatment and the carbon black (B) subjected to the graphitizing treatment as the carrier of the force sword catalyst, the carbon black (A) subjected to the graphitizing treatment is used. High catalytic activity can be obtained, and the corrosion resistance can be further improved by the carbon black (B) treated with graphite. Thus, a membrane-electrode assembly having excellent power generation performance and durability can be obtained.
- the average particle size of the power sword catalyst in the graphite black-treated carbon black (A) is 2 to 8 nm, preferably 3 to 6 nm. If the average particle size is less than 2 nm, there is a possibility that catalytic activity cannot be obtained at the beginning of power generation, and if the average particle size exceeds 8 nm, the particle size of the supported power sword catalyst becomes too large. On the other hand, there is a possibility that the catalytic activity is rather lowered by reducing the active surface area. Further, the average particle size of the power sword catalyst in the carbon black (B) subjected to the graphite shading treatment is preferably 4 to: LO nm, and more preferably 4 to 8 nm.
- a force-sword catalyst is supported on the graphite black-treated carbon black (A).
- the moisture generated as the electrode reaction proceeds proceeds easily with the flow of the supplied fuel gas.
- a large amount of generated water stays near the gas discharge part of the force sword catalyst layer and hinders the progress of the electrode reaction. From the upstream to the downstream of the road, there is a tendency for the deterioration of the electrode catalyst to become severe. Therefore, in the case of the power sword catalyst layer, when the power sword electrode catalyst (C) and the power sword electrode catalyst (D) described above are included, the composition of the power sword electrode catalyst is optimized from the upstream to the downstream of the gas flow path. It is preferred that the
- the mass ratio (C) / (D) between (C) and the force-sword electrode catalyst (D) is made smaller than the mass ratio (C) / (D) on the upstream side of the gas flow path of the force-sword catalyst layer. Noyo ⁇ .
- the force-sword electrode catalyst is provided on the upstream side of the gas flow path of the force-sword catalyst layer.
- Zl to 9Zl particularly preferably 3Zl to 6Zl.
- the conductive carbon material of the force sword catalyst layer carbon black that has been further subjected to a hydrophobic treatment using a fluorinated compound may be used.
- the amount of carbon black that has been hydrophobized using a fluorine compound is based on the total mass of the conductive carbon material in the force catalyst layer. On the other hand, it is preferably 1 to 20% by mass. By blending the amount in this range, high power generation performance can be exhibited from the initial stage to after the elapse of a long period of time and from low current density to high current density, durability can be improved, and high life characteristics can be realized.
- the hydrophobic treatment a method of treating carbon black with polytetrafluoroethylene is given.
- a carbon nanotube, a carbon nanofiber, or a carbon nanohorn is further used as the conductive carbon material of the force sword catalyst layer.
- two or three types of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, or carbon nanohorns may be used in combination.
- the amount of carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, or carbon nanohorns used is 1 to 20% by mass based on the total mass of the conductive carbon material in the force sword catalyst layer. By blending the amount in this range, high power generation performance can be exhibited, durability can be improved, and high life characteristics can be realized from the initial stage to after a long period of time and from low current density to high current density.
- the proton-conductive polymer electrolyte used for the force sword catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer enhances the mobility of protons moving between the force sword (air electrode) and anode (fuel electrode) in PEFC power generation. Play a role.
- the polymer electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used in a catalyst layer.
- a perfluorocarbon polymer having a sulfonic acid group such as Nafion TM (manufactured by DuPont), an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid doped with a hydrocarbon polymer compound, and a part thereof
- the polymer electrolyte used for the solid polymer electrolyte membrane and the proton conductive electrolyte used for the electrode catalyst layer may be the same or different, but the adhesion between the electrode catalyst layer and the solid polymer electrolyte membrane may be different. From the viewpoint of improving the properties, it is preferable to use the same.
- the thickness of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane may be appropriately determined in consideration of the characteristics of the obtained MEA, but is preferably not too thin from the viewpoint of the strength at the time of film formation and the durability during use. It is preferable that the thickness is not too thick from the viewpoint of the output characteristics at the time of using the grommet. Specifically, the thickness of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane is preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 200 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 15 to: LOO / zm.
- the anode catalyst layer includes an anode catalyst, a conductive carbon material supporting the anode catalyst, and a proton conductive polymer electrolyte.
- a configuration in which a force catalyst layer, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, and an anode catalyst layer are arranged in this order is preferable.
- a gas diffusion layer is disposed outside one of the force catalyst layer and the anode catalyst layer.
- a gas diffusion layer is arranged outside both of the anode catalyst layers.
- Examples of the water-repellent sheet material preferably used for the gas diffusion layer include a sheet material containing a water-repellent.
- Examples of the water repellent include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyhexafluoropropylene, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer ( Preferred are fluorine-based polymer materials such as FEP), polypropylene, and polyethylene.
- the material of the separator is not particularly limited, and known materials such as dense carbon graphite, a carbon separator such as a carbon plate, and a metal separator such as stainless steel can be used.
- the thickness and size of the separator, the shape of the flow channel, and the like are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined in consideration of the output characteristics of the obtained fuel cell.
- the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure at 85 ° C for 12 hours, pulverized in a mortar, and used as a catalyst for a power source electrode (Pt particles having an average particle size of 4.8 nm and a Pt carrying concentration of 50 mass. %).
- Table 11 summarizes the heat treatment temperature, BET specific surface area, true density, lattice spacing d, and conductivity in the graphitization treatment of the conductive carbon material used for the force-sword electrode catalyst.
- the obtained mixed slurry was dispersed well by an ultrasonic homogenizer, and a catalyst slurry was prepared by performing a vacuum degassing operation.
- a force sword catalyst layer was formed on one surface of a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the catalyst slurry was used, and this was used as an MEA to evaluate. .
- Table 2 shows the composition and results.
- the MEA was used to evaluate the MEA.
- Table 3 shows the composition and results.
- Table 6 summarizes the heat treatment temperature, BET specific surface area, true density, lattice spacing d, and electrical conductivity of the conductive carbon material used for the force-sword electrode catalysts (C) and (D) in the graphite treatment.
- Electrocatalyst C Electrocatalyst D (one)
- the PEFC of the present invention has extremely excellent durability against repeated startup and shutdown.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05734689.2A EP1742282B2 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-22 | Membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell and fuel cell using same |
| DE602005025749T DE602005025749D1 (de) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-22 | Membran-elektroden-baugruppe für eine brennstoffzelle und brennstoffzelle damit |
| US11/587,797 US7648788B2 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-22 | Membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell and fuel cell using same |
| JP2006512762A JP4752762B2 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-22 | 燃料電池用膜−電極接合体、および、これを用いた燃料電池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004134401 | 2004-04-28 | ||
| JP2004-134401 | 2004-04-28 | ||
| JP2005-044451 | 2005-02-21 | ||
| JP2005044451 | 2005-02-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005106994A1 true WO2005106994A1 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
Family
ID=35241961
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/007707 Ceased WO2005106994A1 (ja) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-04-22 | 燃料電池用膜-電極接合体、および、これを用いた燃料電池 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7648788B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1742282B2 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP4752762B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE602005025749D1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005106994A1 (ja) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007139038A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | 電極材料 |
| JP2007329015A (ja) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-20 | Hitachi Ltd | 固体高分子電解質膜,膜電極接合体およびそれを用いた燃料電池 |
| US20080166599A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-10 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Fuel cell and method for reducing electrode degradation during startup and shutdown cycles |
| JP2008258057A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体 |
| JP2010102889A (ja) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用電極触媒 |
| US7846609B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2010-12-07 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Module-type fuel cell system |
| EP1883128A4 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2011-06-29 | Toshiba Kk | FUEL CELL |
| JP2012199016A (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 電極触媒層及びこの製造方法、膜電極接合体及びこの製造方法、固体高分子形燃料電池、並びに複合粒子及びこの製造方法 |
| US8343674B2 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2013-01-01 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and control method of the same |
| DE102015105503A1 (de) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Cataler Corporation | Elektrodenkatalysator für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, und den Elektrodenkatalysator enthaltende Kathode, Anode und Brennstoffzelle |
| JP2016509336A (ja) * | 2012-12-23 | 2016-03-24 | ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイションUnited Technologies Corporation | 黒鉛含有電極およびそれに関連する方法 |
| JP2021180152A (ja) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用の積層体 |
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| WO2021256424A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電解質膜-電極接合体および燃料電池 |
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| FR2973582A1 (fr) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Pile a combustible a membrane d'echange de protons presentant une duree de vie accrue |
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| CZ309118B6 (cs) * | 2018-09-30 | 2022-02-09 | Univerzita Karlova | Způsob výroby membrány s vlákennou strukturou, membrána vyrobená tímto způsobem a její použití |
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| EP1883128A4 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2011-06-29 | Toshiba Kk | FUEL CELL |
| WO2007139038A1 (ja) * | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | 電極材料 |
| JP2008004541A (ja) * | 2006-05-25 | 2008-01-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 電極材料 |
| US8846271B2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2014-09-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Electrode material |
| JP2007329015A (ja) * | 2006-06-08 | 2007-12-20 | Hitachi Ltd | 固体高分子電解質膜,膜電極接合体およびそれを用いた燃料電池 |
| US7846609B2 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2010-12-07 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Module-type fuel cell system |
| US20080166599A1 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-10 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Fuel cell and method for reducing electrode degradation during startup and shutdown cycles |
| JP2008171814A (ja) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations Inc | 燃料電池ならびに起動および停止サイクル中の電極性能低下を軽減する方法 |
| US9401523B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2016-07-26 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell and method for reducing electrode degradation during startup and shutdown cycles |
| JP2013065573A (ja) * | 2007-01-09 | 2013-04-11 | Gm Global Technology Operations Inc | 燃料電池ならびに起動および停止サイクル中の電極性能低下を軽減する方法 |
| US8343674B2 (en) | 2007-01-17 | 2013-01-01 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and control method of the same |
| JP2008258057A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体 |
| JP2010102889A (ja) * | 2008-10-22 | 2010-05-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用電極触媒 |
| JP2012199016A (ja) * | 2011-03-18 | 2012-10-18 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 電極触媒層及びこの製造方法、膜電極接合体及びこの製造方法、固体高分子形燃料電池、並びに複合粒子及びこの製造方法 |
| JP2016509336A (ja) * | 2012-12-23 | 2016-03-24 | ユナイテッド テクノロジーズ コーポレイションUnited Technologies Corporation | 黒鉛含有電極およびそれに関連する方法 |
| DE102015105503A1 (de) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-10-15 | Cataler Corporation | Elektrodenkatalysator für eine Brennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, und den Elektrodenkatalysator enthaltende Kathode, Anode und Brennstoffzelle |
| US10734658B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2020-08-04 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and method of producing the same, and cathode, anode, and fuel cell including electrode catalyst |
| US10938039B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 | 2021-03-02 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrode catalyst for fuel cell and method of producing the same, and cathode, anode, and fuel cell including electrode catalyst |
| JP2021180152A (ja) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-11-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用の積層体 |
| JP7272318B2 (ja) | 2020-05-15 | 2023-05-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用の積層体 |
| JP2021184374A (ja) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-12-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用の積層体 |
| JP7272319B2 (ja) | 2020-05-22 | 2023-05-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池用の積層体 |
| WO2021256424A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-23 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電解質膜-電極接合体および燃料電池 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080063915A1 (en) | 2008-03-13 |
| EP1742282A4 (en) | 2008-11-19 |
| EP1742282A1 (en) | 2007-01-10 |
| EP1742282B1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
| EP1742282B2 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
| DE602005025749D1 (de) | 2011-02-17 |
| JP5182338B2 (ja) | 2013-04-17 |
| US7648788B2 (en) | 2010-01-19 |
| JP4752762B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
| JPWO2005106994A1 (ja) | 2008-03-21 |
| JP2011003552A (ja) | 2011-01-06 |
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