WO2005116446A1 - 垂直軸風車用ブレードおよび垂直軸風車 - Google Patents
垂直軸風車用ブレードおよび垂直軸風車 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005116446A1 WO2005116446A1 PCT/JP2005/009538 JP2005009538W WO2005116446A1 WO 2005116446 A1 WO2005116446 A1 WO 2005116446A1 JP 2005009538 W JP2005009538 W JP 2005009538W WO 2005116446 A1 WO2005116446 A1 WO 2005116446A1
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- Prior art keywords
- blade
- notch
- wind turbine
- vertical axis
- axis wind
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
- F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a starting mechanism of a lift type vertical axis wind turbine having blades of a symmetrical wing shape or an asymmetric wing shape.
- a wind turbine for wind power generation is conventionally known which is an airfoil having a low blade, a high Reynolds number, and a lift coefficient, and a notch is formed at a trailing edge of the lower surface of the blade.
- Non-Patent Document 1 when the flow channel is rapidly expanded by a step (referred to as a backward step flow), separation of the boundary layer occurs due to the step, but the separated boundary layer reattaches after reaching a certain distance. It is known (see Non-Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2, Non-Patent Document 3, Non-Patent Document 4, Non-Patent Document 5).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-108330 (page 1-5, FIG. 1-4)
- Non Patent Literature 1 Chiharu Fukushima, 3 others, “Experimental research on inclined backward step flow (reattachment region) J, Proceedings of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Fluid Engineering Division Lecture Series, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2003 September 19
- Non-patent literature 2 Tohoku Gakuin University homepage "Creation of flow by appropriate visual effect", [online], [Search on April 15, 2004], Internet page http: ⁇ www.mech.tohoku-ga kuin. ac.jp/ simiab / cysim / study / flowvis. html>
- Non-Patent Document 3 Eiji Kuwahara, 2 others, Okayama University Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology homepage "Numerical fluid flow analysis of flow on complex object surface", [online], [April 15, 2004 search], ⁇ Http://www.dvil.okayama-u.ac.jp/ analysis / ga kai / sinohara.pdr
- Non-patent literature 4 “Mechanical Engineering Handbook”, new edition, April 15, 1987 Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers , A5-43 to A5-44
- Non-Patent Document 5 Fuji Research Institute, Inc. HP, “Back-step flow simulation results”, [online], [search on April 15, 2004], Internet page http: ⁇ www.foji-ric.co. jp / prom / fukuzatsu / lga / result / Dsresult.html>
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the flow of air around a conventional blade.
- the notch on the lower surface of the blade is large and the level difference is large, so that a vortex that easily deteriorates the lift-drag ratio is easily generated in the notch when the blade rotates.
- the separated boundary layer becomes difficult to reattach, and it does not become the flow of streamlines necessary for the generation of lift, resulting in the problem that the output performance declines when the wind turbine rotates. Probability is high.
- a thin plate is used as a material of the wing, and the material is bent to be formed into a streamlined wing shape, a defect such as weak in strength occurs.
- the present invention aims to provide a blade for a vertical axis wind turbine with less resistance by reducing the occurrence of eddy currents by minimizing the notches of the blades.
- the distortion of the air flow around the wing due to the occurrence of the separation of the boundary layer is suppressed, so that the self-starting ability when the wind turbine rotates is kept high, even after the rotation start.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis wind turbine capable of generating rotation.
- the present invention is provided with a notch portion on the ventral surface or the back surface of a vertical axis wind turbine blade, and the maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion is outward toward the trailing edge side of the blade. And a boundary layer reattachment portion having a convex shape.
- the present invention provides a notch portion on the ventral surface or the back surface of the blade blade type of a vertical axis wind turbine having the maximum blade thickness t, and sets the maximum notch depth of the notch portion to 0. 0. It is characterized in that the boundary layer reattachment portion having a convex shape is set outward from the maximum depth position force of the notched portion toward the trailing edge side of the blade while being set to 2t to 0.7t.
- the present invention also relates to a blade airfoil type having a chord length C of a vertical axis wind turbine, and a cutaway position from 0.45C to 0.7C from the leading edge of the blade on the ventral surface or back surface.
- a notch portion is provided, and the maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion is characterized by including a boundary layer reattachment portion having an outwardly convex shape toward the trailing edge side of the blade.
- the present invention also provides a blade airfoil type having a chord length C of a vertical axis wind turbine, and cuts off the positions from 0.15 C to 0.35 C from the blade trailing edge on the ventral surface or back surface.
- a notch portion is provided, and a boundary layer reattachment portion having a convex shape is provided outwardly from the maximum notch depth position of the notch portion toward the trailing edge side of the blade.
- a blade for a low-speed blade having a notch on a ventral surface or a back surface of a bladed airfoil and a notch is not provided. It is characterized by comprising a high speed blade portion having an airfoil cross section.
- the present invention provides a blade of a vertical axis wind turbine with a notch on the ventral surface or the back of the blade type and also from the maximum notch depth position of the notch.
- a low-speed blade portion having a boundary layer reattachment portion having an outwardly convex shape toward the trailing edge side, and a high-speed blade portion having a normal airfoil cross section not provided with a notch portion.
- a notch portion is provided on a blade wing type ventral surface or a back surface, and a maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion is directed toward the trailing edge side of the blade and a boundary layer having an outwardly convex shape. Because the reattachment part is provided, the trailing wind from the blade trailing edge is pulled into the notch room at the start of the wind turbine, and the resistance to push the blade is increased, the self-starting ability is enhanced, and the speed ratio after acceleration is higher than 1
- the boundary layer separated at the start of the notch reattaches to the wing surface with a very slow change of flow when the wind flows from the leading edge. As a result, it is possible to obtain lift performance close to a normal airfoil with a notch.
- the notch portion is provided on the ventral surface or the back surface of the blade airfoil type of the vertical axis wind turbine having the maximum blade thickness t, and the maximum notch depth of the notch portion is 0.2t to 0.7t.
- the maximum depth position force of the notched portion also has an outwardly convex boundary layer reattachment portion directed toward the trailing edge side of the blade, the notched portion is subjected to a trailing wind. While generating resistance, it is possible to reduce the decrease of the power coefficient which increases with the size of the notch when the circumferential speed ratio becomes 1 and functions as a lift type wind turbine.
- a notched portion having a position of 0.45 C to 0.7 C from the leading edge of the blade as a notch start point is provided on the blade wing type ventral surface or back surface of the chord length C, Maximum notch depth position force of notched portion Forced to the trailing edge side of the blade and having an outwardly convex boundary layer reattachment portion, so that the blade and the support arm are secured while securing the blade lift-resistance ratio. It can take a wide area to fix the
- a notched portion having a position of 0.15 C to 0.35 C from the trailing edge of the blade as a notch end point is provided on the blade wing type ventral surface or back surface of the chord length C,
- the maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion The force of the blade on the trailing edge side and the outwardly convex boundary layer reattachment portion is provided, so that a regular airfoil surface is left at the blade trailing edge portion.
- Bure The ventral wing flow near the trailing edge of the blade can be brought close to the normal flow condition without the notched part, and can be brought close to the lift performance inherent to the standard airfoil.
- a high-speed blade has a blade for a low-speed blade having a notch on a ventral surface or a rear surface of a vertical-axis wind turbine and a normal wing-shaped cross section not having a notch. Because it is composed of the blade parts, it can be made easy to start up by anti-corrosion that occurs in the notch part of the low speed blade at the time of starting. When the peripheral speed ratio is 1 or more, there is no notch part. The lift generated by the airfoil-shaped air flow can provide a high V-factor vertical-axis wind turbine with a power factor.
- the blade of the vertical axis wind turbine is provided with a notch portion on the ventral surface or the back surface of the blade airfoil, and the maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion is directed toward the trailing edge side of the blade. Since the low speed blade part with the convex boundary layer reattachment part in the convex shape and the high speed blade part with the normal airfoil cross section without the notch part, the notch of the low speed blade at start-up The drag generated on the part can facilitate start-up, and at the circumferential speed ratio of 1 or more, it is possible to reduce the decrease in the output coefficient generated in the notched part. In addition, when the peripheral speed ratio is 1 or more, a vertical axis wind turbine having a high output coefficient can be provided by the lift generated on a blade having a normal airfoil without a notch portion.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a vertical axis wind turbine.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical axis wind turbine.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an airfoil cross section of a low speed blade.
- FIG. 4 This is a view showing how the low-speed blade portion receives a trailing wind Wb from the trailing edge side.
- FIG. 5 A diagram showing the flow of air when the low-speed blade portion receives a head wind Wf from the front edge side.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing the flow of air around the airfoil.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the flow of air around the low speed blades when the head wind Wf has a low wind speed.
- FIG. 8 Headwind FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the flow of air around a low speed blade when the wind speed Wf is high.
- FIG. 9 A diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of blades for low speed and the output coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine and the starting wind speed.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an airfoil cross section of a low speed blade including a straight portion in the boundary layer reattachment portion.
- Fig. 11 is a diagram showing an airfoil cross section of a low-speed blade not including a straight portion in a boundary layer reattachment portion.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a blade in a span direction of the blade including the low speed blade portion.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing the flow of air around a conventional blade.
- FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a vertical axis wind turbine. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical axis wind turbine 10 is provided with a mounting portion 12 for mounting the vertical axis wind turbine 10 to a pole or other pole 8 and an outer ring side rotating body 17 rotating with respect to the mounting portion 12. .
- the outer race side rotor 17 has a blade 18 which converts a wind speed into a lift and generates a rotational torque, and a streamline cross section which holds the blade 18 at three points of upper, middle and lower to generate lift
- the upper, middle, and lower hubs 80, 81, and 82, and the hub 80 are fixed to the support arms 20 which can be connected to the outer ring sleeve 22 serving as the rotation shaft of the outer ring side rotating body 17 to fix each support arm 20.
- And 81 and a torque transfer cap 24 for transferring the rotational torque to the generator 16 (see FIG. 2).
- the number of the blades 18 may be two, three or four.
- the blade 18 has a notch 19 which can generate a high power coefficient by generating wind resistance in a low circumferential speed ratio region on the blade flank or back surface.
- a high output coefficient in the area where the peripheral speed ratio is high and the low speed blade portion 18a having It consists of a high-speed blade section 18b with a possible airfoil section (normal airfoil section without the notch 19).
- the low speed blade portion 18 a capable of functioning as an anti-power wind turbine is provided in the case of a feed wind having a wind speed ratio of 1 or less, the outer ring side rotating body 17 of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 Startability is improved.
- the design with emphasis on low starting wind speed and a large power coefficient It is possible to design with emphasis, and it is possible to easily find and set an optimal structure in which the two characteristics are compatible with an acceptable level or more.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical axis wind turbine.
- the vertical axis wind turbine 10 is provided with a cantilever inner ring side fixed shaft 14 rotatably supporting an outer ring sleeve 22 via bearings 30a, 30b, 30c.
- a generator 16 is installed on the open end side of the fixed inner ring side fixed shaft 14. The wind strikes the blade 18 to generate rotational torque on the blade 18, and the rotational torque is transmitted to the blades 80, 81, 82 via the support arms 20, 20, 20.
- the rotational torque transmitted to the nozzles 80, 81, 82 is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the generator 16 via the torque transmission cap 24, the coupling 28, and the speed increasing gear 26 to generate electric power.
- the coupling 28 is a noncontact type magnetic coupling.
- the inner ring side fixed shaft 14 is fixed to the pole 8 through the mounting portion 12 and has a structure that does not rotate. Therefore, it is possible to easily design the inner ring side fixed shaft 14 in a thick dimension with a small area coefficient with less stagnation, without worrying about the moment of inertia or the like. Since this makes it possible to make the inner ring side fixed shaft 14 into a hollow structure, the power lines 29 connected to the generator 16 and various control lines are wired inside the inner ring side fixed shaft 14. It becomes a good thing.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of the airfoil when a low speed blade portion is provided with a notch for a warped airfoil.
- the low speed blade portion 18a is provided with a notched portion 19 that generates a greater resistance to secondary wind Wb in a region where the peripheral speed ratio is 1 or less. It is desirable that this notched portion 19 open from a position 0.45 C to 0.7 C from the blade leading edge with respect to the chord length C (notched opening A shown in the same figure). Further, it is desirable that the notched portion 19 be opened from the trailing edge of the blade to a position of 0.15 C to 0.35 C (notched end point B shown in the same figure). From the notch end point B onwards to the blade trailing edge, an antinode shape of a regular airfoil cross section is left.
- the inside of the low speed blade portion 18a is lightened for light weight.
- the shape of the notched portion 19 and the lightening portion of the low speed blade portion 18a may be the same shape in the longitudinal direction of the low speed blade portion 18a, so the low speed blade portion 18a can be formed by extrusion processing is there.
- the notched portion 19 in order to smooth the streamlines of the vortex flow in the notched portion 19, the notched portion 19 also exerts a force on the notched start point A toward the inner front edge of the blade cross section. It is cut out so that it has a concave shape on the outside.
- the maximum notch depth h of the notch 19 should be set to 0.2 t ⁇ h ⁇ 0.7 t with respect to the maximum blade thickness t of the blade cross section.
- the maximum notch depth h position force is also re-adhered to the boundary layer with a convex shape toward the trailing edge of blade 18a (toward notch end point B).
- the part 19a is provided.
- the amount of the maximum notch depth h of the notch portion 19 facilitates the start-up of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 In order to control the magnitude of the drag generated by the tailwind Wb in the region below the circumferential velocity specific force ⁇ . If the maximum notch depth h is set deeper, the wind receiving area receiving the secondary wind Wb will increase, so the rotational torque (starting torque) will increase in the area below the circumferential velocity specific force ⁇ , and the outer ring side of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 There is an advantage that the rotor 17 can be easily started.
- the peripheral speed ratio becomes 1 or more, and when acting as a lift-type wind turbine, the drag of the blade 18a increases and the power coefficient as the wind turbine decreases. Then a problem occurs.
- the resistance generated on the blade 18 increases in proportion to the square of the head wind Wf hitting the blade 18, and the lift generated on the blade 18 also increases in proportion to the square of the head wind Wf.
- the reduction is an important issue in increasing the power factor of the vertical axis wind turbine 10.
- the force using approximately 100% of the maximum blade thickness t as a notch portion is used.
- the critical depth h is set to 0.2 t to 0.7 t with respect to the maximum blade thickness t of the blade cross section.
- the blade 18a according to the present invention may have a 30% to 80% reduction in drag as compared to the blade described in Patent Document 1. Therefore, it is possible to significantly improve the rotational torque performance of the blade 18a, which is also caused by the force obtained by subtracting the lift force vector of the blade 18a from the conventional blade.
- the boundary layer peeled at the notch start point A is reattached at a point approximately proportional to the maximum notch depth h, the boundary layer can be surely ensured by making the above-mentioned h shallow. Can be reattached to the surface of the wing before it As a result, since the regular airfoil surface remains after the reattachment point, the air flow after the reattachment point can be brought close to the regular flow condition, and it can be brought close to the regular lift performance. Become.
- the boundary layer separated at the notch start point A may reach the trailing edge of the blade 18a without reattaching to the blade surface. is there.
- the backflow due to the discontinuous vortices or the like generated in the notched portion 19 may disturb the flow from the trailing edge of the blade, which may adversely affect the lift performance of the blade.
- the range of the maximum notch depth h, the notch start point A, and the notch end point B is determined so that the boundary layer reattaches in a wider flow velocity region.
- notch start point A of notch 19 If the position of notch start point A of notch 19 is too close to the leading edge, the flow around the leading edge, which should be called the starting point of the blade flow, will be slightly affected, and the subsequent flow will be greatly affected. Thus, when the low speed blade portion 18a functions as a lift type blade, it reduces the blade's lift characteristics and the wind turbine performance determined by its anti-corrosion characteristics. In addition, when the notch start point A of the notch portion 19 is made too close to the front edge direction, the area for fixing the low speed blade portion 18a and the support arm 20 becomes narrow, and the mounting structure of the support arm 20 Is also disadvantageous
- notch start point A of notch 19 If the position of notch start point A of notch 19 is far enough from the leading edge, the blade for low speed does not affect the flow around the leading edge which should be called the departure point of blade flow.
- the part 18a functions as a lifting blade, it can maintain the blade's inherent lifting characteristics and anti-corrosion characteristics.
- notch start point A of the notch portion 19 is sufficiently far from the front edge, a wide area for fixing the low speed blade portion 18a and the support arm 20 can be provided. It is advantageous in mounting structure.
- the position of the notch end point B is the size of the maximum notch depth h, the velocity of the air flow flowing outside the blade 18, the convex shape from the maximum notch depth h to the notch end point B. It should be decided according to the shape of By setting the notch end point B at a position from 0.15 C to 0. 35 C from the blade trailing edge, leaving the surface of the regular airfoil at the blade trailing edge, the ventral wing flow near the blade trailing edge is normal. Close to the flow conditions of the It becomes possible to approach.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a state in which the low-speed blade portion according to the present invention is additionally swept from the rear edge side and receives wind Wb.
- the low speed blade portion 18a receives the trailing wind force Wb also from the trailing edge side force
- the wind flows into the notched portion 19, so the low speed blade portion 18a is advanced by the generated force here.
- Force Fb is generated.
- This force Fb becomes the rotational force of the outer ring side rotating body 17, and becomes the starting torque in the region where the wind speed ratio is low. Therefore, even when the wind speed is low, the outer race side rotating body 17 is easily rotated, and the startability of the vertical axis wind turbine 10 is improved.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing an air flow when a wind speed Wf is applied to the front edge side when notches are provided in the low speed blade portion of the warped airfoil.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the flow of air around the airfoil for a warped airfoil.
- the lift generated by the airfoil is generated because the air pressure on the blade back surface D is negative than the air pressure on the blade lower surface E.
- the main flow of air flowing on the back and the flank of the wing must draw the actual streamline that determines the wing force.
- Above all near the leading edge The flow near the trailing edge and the force near the trailing edge also greatly affect the circulation around the wing and the static pressure distribution on the wing back surface and ventral surface, so it is possible to cut them into the non-notched flow of the wing shape as much as possible. Closeness is particularly important for maintaining the lift performance at high speed operation.
- the air flow force generated around the low speed blade 18a is low speed. It is conceivable that the difference between the time and the high speed time.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the flow of air around a low speed blade in the case of a bow having a warp, a directionality, a low wind force Wf, and a wind speed.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reattachment occurs at 5.5 times the level difference when the main flow velocity is 12 mZ sec. Since the notched portion 19 of the wing type used for the low-speed blade 18a according to the present invention is not a simple step, it is considered that it reattaches within a distance of 5.5 times the maximum notch depth h. .
- the flow of air on the surface of the airfoil is different from the flow of air generated around an ordinary airfoil having no notched portion, and it is considered that the flow has a somewhat streamlined flow.
- the lift generated on the wing is most effectively generated in the case of a normal airfoil without the notched portion 19. Therefore, like the airfoil used for the low speed blade 18a, some streamlines are generated. If a curved air flow occurs, the mainstream streamlines flowing on the wing flank E will change and deviate from the original streamlines, so it is considered that the lift generated on the wing will be somewhat reduced. In addition, in the notched portion 19, an eddy current is generated due to the flow having a divided main flow force, and the rotation of the blade causes It is thought that it will increase the calories that become eggplant.
- the airfoil used for the low-speed blade 18a according to the present invention has the notch portion 19 on the blade ventral surface
- the reattachment portion at the notch portion 19 is a convex surface Since the attached portion 19a) is used, it is possible to suppress the curving of the streamlines of the air generated on the wing flank surface E less. In addition, since there are few bends in the streamlines, it is also possible to reduce the eddy currents generated in the notched portion 19 !.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the flow of air around a low speed blade in the case of a bow having a warp, a directionality, a high wind speed Wf, and a wind speed.
- the boundary layer exfoliated at the portion C in FIG. 8 reattaches to the aft portion of the wing (the portion shown at F in FIG. 8).
- the air flow is similar to that of a normal wing without a notch. Therefore, it is considered that the same lift force as that of a normal airfoil without the notch 19 is generated, and the loss of lift due to the presence of the notch 19 is small.
- the reattachment point of the boundary layer is made convex (refer to the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a), and the distance until the peeling of the boundary layer occurs and the force reattachment is shortened. There is.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of the low-speed blade portion to the total blade span S, the output coefficient of the vertical axis wind turbine, and the starting wind speed.
- the adaptation range is determined based on the annual average wind speed at the place where the vertical axis wind turbine is installed, and the length of the low speed blade portion 18a and the maximum notch depth so as to fall within the adaptation range. You should decide the depth of h. In the example shown in the figure, the range in which the power coefficient is 16% or more and the starting wind speed is 1.6 m / s or less is defined as the compatible range.
- the airfoil of the low speed blade portion 18a As the airfoil of the low speed blade portion 18a, the maximum notch depth h of the notched portion 19 also has a positional force on the trailing edge side of the blade, and the outwardly projecting boundary layer reattachment portion
- An example is shown in which an example is shown using an airfoil provided with a notch formed in the ventral surface of the wing or the back of the wing as shown in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-108330).
- the airfoil may be used as a low speed blade.
- both low speed blades having a notch on the ventral surface or the back of the blade and a high speed blade having a normal wing cross section not having a notch are cut.
- an airfoil having the same shape except for the notch portion the structure of the joint portion between the low speed blade portion and the high speed blade portion and the joint portion between the support arm 20 can be easily made common, and the shape of the joint portion is Able to design uniform designs that do not interfere with the beauty of the windmill
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show examples of the shape of the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a of the low speed blade portion 18a for a warped airfoil.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the low speed blade portion 18a when the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a includes the straight portion a3.
- the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a includes an arc portion al formed by an arc of radius rl, an arc portion a2 formed by an arc of radius r2, an arc portion al, and an arc portion a2 And the straight part a3 where the force is also determined.
- the joint between arc part al, arc part a2 and straight part a3 should be formed as a continuous shape!
- the dimensions of the arc center position X, arc center position Y, radius rl, radius r2, and straight portion a3 are the distance from the blade leading edge to the notch start point A and the notch end point B force blade Based on the distance to the trailing edge, the maximum notch depth h, and the notch radius r3 in the notch portion 19, the boundary layer with the notch start point A force also reattaches to the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a In this case, it is recommended that the flow of the streamlines of the wing flanks be set as appropriate.
- a combination of a curved line and a straight line is acceptable, but the curved portion may have a shape connecting straight lines.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the low speed blade portion 18a when the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a is formed by a circular arc of radius r4 without including a straight portion in the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a.
- the dimensions of the center position Z of the arc and the radius r4 are the distance from the blade leading edge to the notch start point A, the distance from the notch end point B to the blade trailing edge, and the maximum notch depth h, On the basis of the dimensions of the notch radius r3 in the notch portion 19, when the boundary layer separated from the notch start point A reattaches to the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a, the streamline flow on the wing flank slips. It should be determined to be
- boundary layer reattachment portion 19a has a convex shape on the outside or a shape including a straight portion in a part, but a straight portion is provided in the other portion.
- the object of the present invention can be achieved even if it has a shape or a concave portion in the boundary layer reattachment portion 19a.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an airfoil cross section of a low speed blade.
- FIG. 12 shows an airfoil cross section in which a notch portion is provided on the back side of the low speed blade portion for the symmetrical wing shaped blade whose back-and-back shape is symmetrical.
- the low speed blade portion 18a is provided with a notched portion 19 which generates a greater resistance to secondary wind Wb in a region where the peripheral speed ratio is 1 or less.
- this notched portion 19 open from, for example, a position from 0.45 C to 0.7 C from the blade leading edge with respect to the chord length C (notch starting point A shown in FIG. 12). Also, it is desirable that the notched portion 19 be opened from the blade trailing edge to the position of 0.15C to 0.35C (notch end point B shown in FIG. 12). From the end point of notch B to the trailing edge of the blade, the shape of a normal airfoil cross section remains. The installation position of the notch 19 is not limited to this.
- the maximum notch depth h of the notch portion 19 is desirably set to 0.2 t 0h ⁇ 0.7 t with respect to the maximum blade thickness t of the blade cross section.
- the maximum notch depth h Position force toward the trailing edge of blade 18a (directed toward notch end point B), and outward convex boundary layer An attached portion 19a is provided.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing how a starting torque is generated in a wind turbine having a notch on the back side of a symmetrical blade.
- a wind W in a predetermined direction
- one blade 18 receives a trailing wind and generates a forward force Fb.
- This force Fb becomes the rotational force and becomes the starting torque in the region where the wind speed ratio is low.
- a force Fb is generated similarly to receive the trailing wind and move it forward. In the other positions, the notches 19 do not become resistant.
- FIG. 14 is a span direction cross-sectional view of the blade center of the blade 18.
- the notched portion 19 of length La is at the top of the blade 18, ie at a position L from the lower end. Is located in The arrangement position of the notch 19 in the longitudinal direction is not limited to this. It may be located at other locations, for example below the blade 18.
- the rear surface of the blade 18 is The notch portion 19 is provided, and the maximum notch depth position force of the notch portion 19 is also configured to include a boundary layer reattachment portion 19a having an outwardly convex shape toward the rear edge side of the blade 18. .
- the installation position of the notched portion 19 is not limited by the support arm 20. Also, since the rear surface of the blade has a larger radius of rotation than the abdominal surface, the vertical axis increases the starting torque generated by the notched portion. The effect of improving the self-starting ability of the wind turbine can be sufficiently exhibited. In addition, there is an advantage that the manufacturing options of the entire wind turbine can be expanded and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a practicable level of self-starting ability under weak wind while substantially maintaining the output coefficient as a lift-type vertical axis wind turbine, and the operating wind speed range is broadened. And, it becomes possible to provide a vertical axis wind turbine with a large amount of power generation with a good torque coefficient. Moreover, it becomes possible to provide these characteristics with a cheap structure in manufacture.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006513907A JPWO2005116446A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | 垂直軸風車用ブレードおよび垂直軸風車 |
| EP05743760A EP1757806A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | Blade for vertical shaft wind wheel and vertical shaft wind wheel |
| US11/597,622 US20070224029A1 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | Blades for a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine, and the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004157868 | 2004-05-27 | ||
| JP2004-157868 | 2004-05-27 | ||
| JP2004326598 | 2004-11-10 | ||
| JP2004-326598 | 2004-11-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005116446A1 true WO2005116446A1 (ja) | 2005-12-08 |
Family
ID=35450952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2005/009538 Ceased WO2005116446A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 | 2005-05-25 | 垂直軸風車用ブレードおよび垂直軸風車 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070224029A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1757806A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2005116446A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005116446A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008101536A (ja) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-05-01 | Kikukawa Kogyo Kk | 風力発電機用ブレード |
| WO2008067593A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-12 | Design Licensing International Pty Ltd | A wind turbine apparatus |
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| WO2009093337A1 (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2009-07-30 | Tsuneo Noguchi | 垂直軸型風車 |
| JPWO2009093337A1 (ja) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-05-26 | 野口 常夫 | 垂直軸型風車 |
| US8419346B2 (en) | 2008-05-07 | 2013-04-16 | Design Licensing International Pty Ltd | Wind turbine |
| JP2009299637A (ja) * | 2008-06-17 | 2009-12-24 | Toru Fukushima | 風力発電装置 |
| WO2010007684A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-17 | 2010-01-21 | 株式会社Winpro | 風力発電用風車とその製造方法 |
| JP5506033B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-17 | 2014-05-28 | のあい株式会社 | 風力発電用風車とその製造方法 |
| CN102112368A (zh) * | 2008-08-19 | 2011-06-29 | 丹尼尔·法伯 | 垂直轴涡轮机的混合叶片 |
| RU2463476C2 (ru) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-10-10 | Фунг Гин Да Энерджи Сайенс Энд Текнолоджи Ко., Лтд. | Устройство для производства электроэнергии с использованием энергии ветра |
| JP2012092851A (ja) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-05-17 | Helena International:Kk | 翼部材 |
| JP2014031735A (ja) * | 2012-08-01 | 2014-02-20 | Sylphid Inc | 翼体、風車及び風力発電装置 |
| KR101465638B1 (ko) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-11-26 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | 풍력발전기용 회전체 |
| JP5731048B1 (ja) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-06-10 | 豊 根本 | 垂直軸型風力発電機用風車の羽根並びにストラット |
| US10415543B2 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2019-09-17 | Yutaka Nemoto | Blade and strut of wind turbine for vertical-axis wind power generator |
| KR101625339B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-05-27 | 신중호 | 수직형 풍력발전기 |
| JP2018204584A (ja) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-27 | 豊 根本 | 高層ルーフ向けの風力発電機 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070224029A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
| EP1757806A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
| JPWO2005116446A1 (ja) | 2008-04-03 |
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