WO2006101024A1 - 露光方法及び露光装置、デバイス製造方法、並びに露光装置の評価方法 - Google Patents
露光方法及び露光装置、デバイス製造方法、並びに露光装置の評価方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006101024A1 WO2006101024A1 PCT/JP2006/305345 JP2006305345W WO2006101024A1 WO 2006101024 A1 WO2006101024 A1 WO 2006101024A1 JP 2006305345 W JP2006305345 W JP 2006305345W WO 2006101024 A1 WO2006101024 A1 WO 2006101024A1
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- substrate
- exposure
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70341—Details of immersion lithography aspects, e.g. exposure media or control of immersion liquid supply
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2041—Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70358—Scanning exposure, i.e. relative movement of patterned beam and workpiece during imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/70491—Information management, e.g. software; Active and passive control, e.g. details of controlling exposure processes or exposure tool monitoring processes
- G03F7/70516—Calibration of components of the microlithographic apparatus, e.g. light sources, addressable masks or detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/70491—Information management, e.g. software; Active and passive control, e.g. details of controlling exposure processes or exposure tool monitoring processes
- G03F7/70525—Controlling normal operating mode, e.g. matching different apparatus, remote control or prediction of failure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/70605—Workpiece metrology
- G03F7/70616—Monitoring the printed patterns
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/70605—Workpiece metrology
- G03F7/706835—Metrology information management or control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70716—Stages
- G03F7/70725—Stages control
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70775—Position control, e.g. interferometers or encoders for determining the stage position
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exposure method and an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate through a liquid, a device manufacturing method, and an exposure apparatus evaluation method.
- the pattern formed on the mask is transferred onto a photosensitive substrate.
- An exposure apparatus is used.
- This exposure apparatus has a mask stage that can move while holding a mask, and a substrate stage that can move while holding a substrate, and an image of the pattern of the mask is transferred onto the substrate while sequentially moving the mask stage and the substrate stage. Project.
- miniaturization of patterns formed on a substrate is required in order to increase the density of devices.
- an immersion exposure apparatus has been devised as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, which exposes a substrate in a state where an optical path space of exposure light is filled with liquid. Has been.
- Patent Document 1 Pamphlet of International Publication No. 99Z49504
- the liquid when exposing a substrate while moving the substrate stage in a state where the optical path space of the exposure light is filled with the liquid, the liquid may affect the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage. . If the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage deteriorates due to the liquid, the substrate may not be exposed well.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances.
- An exposure method, an exposure apparatus, and a device manufacturing method that can satisfactorily expose a substrate when the substrate is exposed based on a liquid immersion method.
- the purpose is to provide.
- exposure that exposes the substrate based on the immersion method An object of the present invention is to provide an evaluation method for evaluating the control accuracy of an apparatus.
- the present invention employs the following configurations corresponding to the respective drawings shown in the embodiments.
- the reference numerals in parentheses attached to each element are merely examples of the element and do not limit each element.
- the exposure light (EL) is held on the substrate stage (PST) with respect to the exposure light (EL) in a state where the optical path space (K1) of the exposure light (EL) is filled with the liquid (LQ).
- the position information of the substrate held on the substrate stage is measured while moving the substrate stage in a state where the optical path space of the exposure light is filled with the liquid under a predetermined condition.
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage can be obtained, and the optimum exposure condition can be determined based on the obtained movement control accuracy.
- the substrate can be satisfactorily exposed based on the determined exposure conditions.
- the substrate (P) is exposed through the liquid (LQ) while filling a predetermined optical path space (K1) of the exposure light (EL) with the liquid (LQ).
- An exposure apparatus a substrate stage (PST) that holds and moves a substrate in a state where the optical path space (K1) is filled with a liquid (LQ) under predetermined conditions; and a control that controls movement of the substrate stage A measuring device (90) for measuring positional information of the substrate (P) held by the substrate stage (PST), and the control device (CONT) includes the substrate (P) as a substrate.
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage (PST) is obtained, and the obtained movement is obtained.
- An exposure apparatus (EX) is provided that determines exposure conditions based on control accuracy.
- a device manufacturing method using the exposure method or the exposure apparatus (EX) of the above aspect there is provided a device manufacturing method using the exposure method or the exposure apparatus (EX) of the above aspect.
- a device can be manufactured using an exposure method or an exposure apparatus that can satisfactorily expose the substrate based on the immersion method.
- the substrate stage (PST) having a movable substrate (P) is provided, and the optical path space (K1) of the exposure light (EL) is filled with the liquid (LQ).
- the positional information of the substrate held on the substrate stage is measured while moving the substrate stage in a state where the optical path space of the exposure light is filled with liquid under a predetermined condition.
- the predetermined condition the influence of the liquid on the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage can be evaluated.
- the substrate (PST) has a substrate stage (PST) that can move the substrate (P), and the liquid ( LQ) is a method for evaluating the control accuracy of an exposure apparatus (EX) that exposes a substrate (P) through a predetermined pattern (PI, P2) while moving the substrate stage under a predetermined exposure condition.
- Test exposure step (SB1) for test exposure to the substrate (P) through the liquid (LQ);
- Measurement step (SB2) for measuring the exposure pattern test-exposed on the substrate;
- an evaluation method including an evaluation step (SB3) for evaluating the movement control accuracy of the stage (PST).
- the predetermined exposure condition is satisfied. Liquid The influence of the body on the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage can be evaluated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram that shows one embodiment of an exposure apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a view of the mask stage as viewed from above.
- FIG. 3 A view of the substrate stage with the upward force also seen.
- FIG. 4 A view of the nozzle member viewed from below.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining an embodiment of an exposure method.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the mask and the substrate.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a synchronization error.
- FIG. 8 (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining a moving average and a moving standard deviation.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B are views for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining an example of exposure conditions.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an evaluation method of movement control accuracy using test exposure in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the shape of a pattern used for test exposure in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing an example of a microdevice manufacturing process.
- FIGS. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the exposure apparatus EX
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the mask stage MST
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the substrate stage PST
- FIG. 4 is a view of the nozzle member 70 as viewed from below.
- the exposure apparatus EX has a mask stage MST that can move while holding a mask M having a pattern, and a substrate holder PH that holds the substrate P, and a substrate that holds the substrate P.
- Substrate stage PST that can move holder PH, interferometer system 90 that measures positional information of mask stage MST and substrate stage PST, and illumination that illuminates mask M held on mask stage MST with exposure light EL
- a storage device MRY for storing various information relating to exposure.
- the control device CONT includes various measuring devices of the exposure apparatus EX (e.g., interferometer system 90, focus / leveling detection system 30), drive devices (e.g., mask stage drive device MSTD, substrate stage drive device PSTD), etc. Measurement results and drive commands can be transmitted between them.
- EX interferometer system 90
- focus / leveling detection system 30 drive devices
- drive devices e.g., mask stage drive device MSTD, substrate stage drive device PSTD
- Measurement results and drive commands can be transmitted between them.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment is an immersion exposure apparatus to which an immersion method is applied in order to substantially shorten the exposure wavelength to improve the resolution and substantially increase the depth of focus.
- the immersion exposure apparatus includes an immersion mechanism 1 for filling the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL with the liquid LQ.
- the liquid immersion mechanism 1 is provided in the vicinity of the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- the nozzle member 70 includes a supply port 12 for supplying the liquid LQ and a recovery port 22 for recovering the liquid LQ.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 that supplies the liquid LQ to the image plane side of the projection optical system PL via the supply port 12 and the liquid on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL via the collection port 22 provided in the nozzle member 70 And a liquid recovery mechanism 20 for recovering LQ.
- the nozzle member 70 is located above the substrate P (substrate stage PST) so that it surrounds the first optical element LSI at least closest to the image plane of the projection optical system PL among the plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system PL. It is formed in a ring!
- the exposure apparatus EX performs at least liquid projection while projecting the pattern image of the mask M onto the substrate P.
- the liquid LQ supplied from the body supply mechanism 10 is partly on the substrate P including the projection area AR of the projection optical system PL, and is larger than the projection area AR and smaller than the substrate P.
- the liquid LQ immersion area LR The local liquid immersion method is used to form the surface locally.
- the exposure apparatus EX is between the lower surface LSA of the first optical element LSI closest to the image plane of the projection optical system PL and the surface of the substrate P disposed on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- Exposure light EL fills the optical path space K1 with liquid LQ, and the substrate P is irradiated with the exposure light EL that has passed through the mask M via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1, whereby the mask M Is projected onto the substrate P.
- the control device CONT supplies a predetermined amount of liquid LQ onto the substrate P using the liquid supply mechanism 10 and collects a predetermined amount of the liquid LQ on the substrate P using the liquid recovery mechanism 20 so that the liquid LQ is recovered onto the substrate P.
- Liquid LQ immersion area LR is locally formed.
- the exposure apparatus EX scanning that exposes the pattern formed on the mask M onto the substrate P while synchronously moving the mask M and the substrate P in different directions (reverse directions) in the scanning direction.
- a case of using a type exposure apparatus (so-called scanning stepper) will be described as an example.
- the synchronous movement direction (scanning direction) of the mask M and the substrate P in the horizontal plane is the Y-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the Y-axis direction in the horizontal plane is the X-axis direction (non-scanning direction).
- the direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and coincident with the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL is defined as the Z-axis direction.
- the rotation (tilt) directions around the X, Y, and Z axes are defined as 0 X, ⁇ , and ⁇ Z directions, respectively.
- the “substrate” includes a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer coated with a film such as a photosensitive material (resist) or a protective film.
- the “mask” includes a reticle on which a device pattern to be projected onto a substrate is formed.
- the illumination optical system IL includes an exposure light source, an optical integrator that equalizes the illuminance of a light beam emitted from the exposure light source, a condenser lens that collects exposure light EL from the optical integrator, a relay lens system, and an exposure. It has a field stop to set the illumination area MR on the mask M with light EL. The predetermined illumination area MR on the mask M is illuminated with the exposure light EL having a uniform illuminance distribution by the illumination optical system IL.
- pure water is used as the liquid LQ supplied from the liquid supply mechanism 10.
- Pure water is not only ArF excimer laser light, but also far-infrared light (DUV light) such as emission lines (g-line, h-line, i-line) and KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248 nm) emitted by mercury lamp force. Can also be transmitted.
- DUV light far-infrared light
- emission lines g-line, h-line, i-line
- KrF excimer laser light wavelength 248 nm
- Mask stage MST is mounted on coarse movement stage MST1 that moves along a scanning direction (Y-axis direction) on a base member (not shown), and is mounted on coarse movement stage MST1, and moves while holding mask M. It has a possible fine movement stage MST2.
- Fine movement stage MST2 holds mask M by vacuum suction (or electrostatic suction).
- the mask stage MST including the coarse movement stage MST1 and the fine movement stage MST2 can be moved by driving a mask stage driving apparatus MSTD including a linear motor, a voice coil motor, and the like controlled by the control apparatus CONT.
- the coarse stage MST1 can be moved in the Y-axis direction by driving the mask stage drive device MSTD, and the fine stage MST2 is in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL while holding the mask M. That is, it can move in the two-dimensional direction in the XY plane and can rotate slightly in the ⁇ Z direction.
- the interferometer system 90 includes a coarse movement stage interferometer 92 that measures position information of the coarse movement stage MST1, and a fine movement stage interferometer 94 that measures position information of the fine movement stage MST2.
- Coarse moving stage interferometer 92 is provided at a position facing movable mirror 91 provided on coarse moving stage MST1.
- the coarse moving stage interferometer 92 can measure the position of the coarse moving stage MST1 in the Y-axis direction and the X-axis direction.
- Fine movement stage interferometer 94 is provided at a position facing movable mirror 93 provided on fine movement stage MST2.
- the fine movement stage interferometer 94 can measure the position of the fine movement stage MST2 in the two-dimensional direction (XY direction) and the rotation angle in the ⁇ Z direction.
- fine rotation stage interferometer 94 may be used to measure the 0 X and 0 Y rotation angles of fine movement stage MST2.
- only a part (for example, an optical system) of the coarse movement stage interferometer 92 and the fine movement stage interferometer 94 may be provided to face the movable mirrors 91 and 93.
- the + X direction end of fine movement stage MST2 has an X shift extending in the Y-axis direction.
- the moving mirror 93X is fixed.
- two Y-moving mirrors 93Y and 93mm, which are the corner cube (retro reflector) force, are fixed to the + Y direction end of fine movement stage MST2.
- Interferometer 94 for fine movement stage irradiates laser beam ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ parallel to X axis to X moving mirror 93 ⁇ , and laser beams parallel to ⁇ axis to each of moving mirrors 93 ⁇ and 93 ⁇ ⁇ My, BMy Irradiate.
- the laser beams 1 ⁇ and BMy reflected by the Y moving mirrors 93Y and 93 ⁇ are reflected by the reflecting mirrors 93M and 93M and returned to the Y moving mirrors 93Y and 93 ⁇ , respectively.
- the Y-axis interferometer that irradiates laser beams BMy and BM y on the moving mirrors 93 and 93 of fine movement stage interferometer 94 is a so-called double-pass interferometer, so that even if fine movement stage MST2 rotates, The laser beam is prevented from being displaced.
- the illumination area MR illuminated by the exposure light EL on the mask M is set in a slit shape (rectangular shape) whose longitudinal direction is the X-axis direction within the field of the projection optical system PL. ing.
- fine movement stage MST2 is provided with X-axis moving mirror 93X and two Y-axis moving mirrors 93Y and 93Y, and correspondingly fine movement stage interferometer 94 has three axes.
- Laser interferometer force Configured force In Figure 1 these are shown as moving mirror 93 and fine movement stage interferometer 94 as representative.
- the measurement results of coarse movement stage interferometer 92 and fine movement stage interferometer 94 are output to control device CONT.
- the control device CONT can determine the position of the fine movement stage MST2 (and hence the mask M) in the two-dimensional direction (XY direction) and the rotation angle in the ⁇ Z direction in real time. it can.
- the control device CONT can determine the position of the fine movement stage MST2 in the X-axis direction based on the output of the X-axis interferometer having the laser beam BMx as the measurement axis.
- control device CONT can determine the position of fine movement stage MST2 in the Y-axis direction based on the average value of the outputs of two Y-axis interferometers with laser beams BMy and BMy as the measurement axes.
- the control device CONT can determine the rotation angle of the fine movement stage MST2 in the ⁇ Z direction based on the difference between the outputs of the two Y-axis interferometers and the distance L between the laser beams BMy and BMy.
- the control device CONT includes the coarse movement stage interferometer 92 and the fine movement stage interference. Based on the total 94 measurement results, the mask stage drive device MSTD is driven to control the position of coarse movement stage MST1 and fine movement stage MST2, thereby controlling the position of mask M held in fine movement stage MST2. I do.
- a mask stage provided with coarse movement stage MST1 and fine movement stage MST2 is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-130179 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,721,034).
- the projection optical system PL projects and exposes the pattern image of the mask M onto the substrate with a predetermined projection magnification ⁇ , and includes a plurality of optical elements including the first optical element LSI. These optical elements are held by a lens barrel PK.
- the projection optical system PL is a reduction system having a projection magnification j8 of, for example, 1Z4, 1/5, or 1Z8.
- the pattern of the illumination region MR in the pattern formation region of the mask M is reduced and projected onto the projection region AR on the substrate P through the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ.
- the projection optical system PL may be any of a reduction system, a unity magnification system, and an enlargement system.
- the projection optical system PL may be any of a refractive system that does not include a reflective optical element, a reflective system that does not include a refractive optical element, and a catadioptric system that includes a reflective optical element and a refractive optical element.
- the first optical element LSI that is closest to the image plane of the projection optical system PL of the plurality of optical elements that constitute the projection optical system PL is exposed from the lens barrel PK.
- the substrate stage PST has a substrate holder PH that holds the substrate P, and is movable on the base member 500 on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- the substrate holder PH holds the substrate P by, for example, vacuum suction.
- a recess 86 is provided on the substrate stage PST, and a substrate holder PH for holding the substrate P is disposed in the recess 86.
- the upper surface 87 other than the recess 86 of the substrate stage PST is a flat surface (flat portion) that is substantially the same height (level) as the surface of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH.
- the immersion region LR can be satisfactorily held, even if there is a slight step between the surface of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH (substrate stage PST) and the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST.
- the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST disposed around the substrate P may be slightly lower than the surface of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH.
- only a part of the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST, for example, a predetermined region surrounding the substrate P may have a height that is substantially the same as or slightly different from the surface of the substrate P.
- the substrate stage PST is a base member 500 in a state in which the substrate P is held via the substrate holder PH by driving the substrate stage driving device PSTD including a linear motor, a voice coil motor, and the like controlled by the control device CONT. Above, it can move in the two-dimensional direction (XY direction) in the XY plane, and can rotate in the ⁇ Z direction. Furthermore, the substrate stage PST can also move in the Z-axis direction, ⁇ X direction, and ⁇ Y direction perpendicular to the XY direction. Therefore, the surface of the substrate P supported by the substrate stage PST can move in the directions of six degrees of freedom in the X axis, Y axis, Z axis, 0 X, ⁇ Y, and ⁇ Z directions.
- the interferometer system 90 includes an XY interferometer 96 and a Z interferometer 98 that measure position information of the substrate stage PST.
- the XY interferometer 96 is provided at a position facing the movable mirror 95 fixed on the side surface of the substrate stage PST.
- the XY interferometer 96 can measure the position of the substrate stage PST in the two-dimensional direction (XY direction) and the rotation angle in the ⁇ Z direction.
- an X moving mirror 95X extending in the Y-axis direction is fixed on the side surface on the + X side of the substrate stage PST. Further, a Y moving mirror 95Y extending in the X-axis direction is provided on the side surface on the + Y side of the substrate stage PST.
- the XY interferometer 96 irradiates the X moving mirror 95X with laser beams BPx and BPx parallel to the X axis, and the Y moving mirror 95Y with laser beams BPy and BPy parallel to the Y axis.
- the substrate stage PST is provided with the X-axis moving mirror 95X and the Y-axis moving mirror 95Y, and the XY interferometer 96 is also composed of a 4-axis laser interferometer.
- the XY interferometer 96 is also composed of a 4-axis laser interferometer.
- FIG. 1 these are representatively shown as a moving mirror 95 and an XY interferometer 96.
- the measurement result of the XY interferometer 96 is output to the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT can determine the position of the substrate stage PST (and thus the substrate P) in the 2D direction (XY direction) and the rotation angle in the ⁇ Z direction in real time.
- the control device CONT can determine the position of the substrate stage PST in the X-axis direction based on the output of the X-axis interferometer that uses the laser beam BPx as the measurement axis.
- control device CONT can determine the position of the substrate stage PST in the Y-axis direction based on the average value of the outputs of the two Y-axis interferometers having the laser beams BPy and BPy as the measurement axes.
- the control device CONT can determine the rotation angle of the substrate stage PST in the ⁇ Z direction based on the difference between the outputs of the two X-axis interferometers and the distance D between the laser beams BPx and BPx.
- the Z interferometer 98 is provided at a position facing the Z moving mirror 97 provided on the side surface of the substrate stage PST.
- the Z interferometer 98 has a plurality of measurement axes, and can measure the position of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction and the rotation angles in the ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions.
- the measurement result of the Z interferometer 98 is output to the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT Based on the measurement result of the Z interferometer 98, the control device CONT can obtain the position of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction and the rotation angles in the 0 X and 0 Y directions in real time.
- the details of the exposure apparatus provided with the Z interference meter 98 are disclosed in, for example, JP 2001-510577 A (corresponding pamphlet of International Publication No. 1999Z28790).
- the XY interferometer 96 and the Z interferometer 98 may be provided to face the movable mirrors 95 and 97.
- a reflecting surface formed by mirror processing a part (side surface or the like) of the substrate stage PST may be used.
- the XY interferometer 96 may be a three-axis laser interferometer, or the XY interferometer 96 may be a five-axis laser interferometer and a rotation angle in the ⁇ , 0 Y direction may be used instead of the Z interferometer 98. It may be possible to measure.
- the exposure apparatus EX is a substrate P supported by a substrate stage PST as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-37149 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,327,025). It is equipped with an oblique-incidence focus / leveling detection system 30 for detecting surface position information.
- the focus / leveling detection system 30 is provided with a projection unit 31 that irradiates the surface of the substrate P with the detection light La from an oblique direction and a predetermined positional relationship with respect to the detection light La, and irradiates the surface of the substrate P.
- a light receiving unit 32 that receives the reflected light of the detected detection light La.
- the projection unit 31 of the focus / leveling detection system 30 irradiates each of a plurality of positions inside the liquid immersion region LR on the surface of the substrate P with the detection light La. That is, the focus / leveling detection system 30 detects the position information on the surface of the substrate P through the liquid LQ.
- the focus / leveling detection system 30 may be configured to irradiate the detection light La on the outside of the liquid immersion region LR and detect positional information on the surface of the substrate P without passing through the liquid LQ. .
- Detection of focus' leveling detection system 30 The result is output to the control unit CONT. Based on the measurement result of the focus / leveling detection system 30, the control device CONT obtains the position information of the surface of the substrate P in real time while the space between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ. Can do.
- the control device CONT drives the substrate stage drive device PSTD, and the position of the substrate stage PST in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the ⁇ Z direction.
- position control of the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the ⁇ Z direction is performed.
- the control device CONT drives the substrate stage drive device PSTD based on the detection result of the focus / leveling detection system 30, and the position of the substrate P surface in the Z axis direction, ⁇ X direction, and ⁇ Y direction. Control.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 supplies the liquid LQ to the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- the liquid supply mechanism 10 includes a liquid supply unit 11 that can deliver the liquid LQ, and a supply pipe 13 that connects one end of the liquid supply unit 11 to the liquid supply unit 11.
- the other end of the supply pipe 13 is connected to the nozzle member 70.
- an internal flow path (supply flow path) that connects the other end of the supply pipe 13 and the supply port 12 is formed inside the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid supply unit 11 includes a tank for storing the liquid LQ, a pressure pump, a temperature adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the supplied liquid LQ, and a filter unit for removing foreign substances in the liquid LQ.
- the liquid supply operation of the liquid supply unit 11 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the tank, pressure pump, temperature control device, filter unit, etc. of the liquid supply mechanism 10 are not necessarily equipped with the exposure apparatus EX. Also good.
- the liquid recovery mechanism 20 recovers the liquid LQ on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- the liquid recovery mechanism 20 includes a liquid recovery unit 21 that can recover the liquid LQ, and a recovery pipe 23 that connects one end of the liquid recovery unit 21 to the liquid recovery unit 21.
- the other end of the recovery pipe 23 is connected to the nozzle member 70.
- Inside the nozzle member 70 an internal flow path (collection flow path) that connects the other end of the recovery pipe 23 and the recovery port 22 is formed.
- the liquid recovery unit 21 includes, for example, a vacuum system (a suction device) such as a vacuum pump, a gas-liquid separator that separates the recovered liquid LQ and gas, and a tank that stores the recovered liquid LQ. Note that the vacuum system, gas-liquid separator, and tank of the liquid recovery mechanism 20 It is also possible to substitute equipment at a factory or the like where the exposure apparatus EX is installed.
- the supply port 12 for supplying the liquid LQ and the recovery port 22 for recovering the liquid LQ are formed on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70.
- the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 is provided at a position facing the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST.
- the nozzle member 70 is an annular member provided so as to surround the side surface of at least one optical element (in this example, the first optical element LSI) disposed on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- a plurality of ports 12 are provided on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 so as to surround the optical path space K1 (first optical element LSI) of the exposure light EL.
- each of the supply ports 12 has a predetermined length. And a slit in a circular arc shape in plan view having a predetermined width.
- the recovery port 22 is provided outside the supply port 12 with respect to the optical path space K1 on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70, and surrounds the optical path space K1 (first optical element LSI) and the supply port 12. It is provided in a ring shape. Further, the recovery port 22 of the present embodiment is provided with a porous member.
- the porous member is made of, for example, a ceramic porous body or a titanium plate mesh.
- the control device CONT supplies a predetermined amount of the liquid LQ onto the substrate P using the liquid supply mechanism 10, and collects a predetermined amount of the liquid LQ on the substrate P using the liquid recovery mechanism 20.
- the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ, and the liquid LQ immersion region LR is locally formed on the substrate P.
- the control device CONT drives each of the liquid supply unit 11 and the liquid recovery unit 21.
- the liquid LQ is delivered from the liquid supply unit 11 under the control of the control device CONT, the liquid LQ delivered from the liquid supply unit 11 flows through the supply pipe 13 and then the supply flow of the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid recovery unit 21 It is supplied to the image plane side of the projection optical system PL from the supply port 12 through the path. Further, when the liquid recovery unit 21 is driven under the control device CONT, the liquid LQ on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL flows into the recovery flow path of the nozzle member 70 via the recovery port 22, and the recovery pipe After flowing through 23, the liquid is recovered by the liquid recovery unit 21.
- a plurality of shot regions S1 to S21 are set in a matrix on the substrate P, and the plurality of shot regions S1 to S21 set on the substrate P are sequentially exposed. It is.
- the controller CONT uses the immersion mechanism 1 to provide an optical path space K1 for the exposure light EL between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P. Is filled with liquid LQ, while moving the substrate P held on the substrate stage PST in the Y-axis direction with respect to the exposure light EL (projection optical system PL), each shot area S1 to S21 on the substrate P Each of these is subjected to scanning exposure. As shown in FIG.
- the projection area AR of the projection optical system PL in the present embodiment is set in a slit shape (rectangular shape) whose longitudinal direction is the X-axis direction.
- the control device CONT moves relative to the projection area AR irradiated with the exposure light EL and each of the shot areas S1 to S21 on the substrate P in the directions indicated by arrows yl and y2 in FIG.
- Each of the shot areas S1 to S21 is subjected to scanning exposure.
- the control device CONT first scans and exposes the first shot region S1 of the plurality of shot regions S1 to S21 set on the substrate P.
- the controller CONT moves the first shot area S1 to the scanning start position, and the projection area AR and the first shot area S1 are relatively moved in the direction indicated by the arrow yl.
- the substrate P (substrate stage PST) is moved so as to move, and the first shot region S1 is subjected to scanning exposure.
- the controller CONT makes the projection optical system PL and the substrate P (substrate stage PST) relative to each other in the X-axis direction in order to scan and expose the next second shot area S2.
- Stepping move The control device CONT moves the second shot area S2 to the scanning start position by stepping the substrate P, and relatively moves the projection area AR and the second shot area S2 in the direction indicated by the arrow y2. Then, the substrate P (substrate stage PST) is moved so that the second shot region S2 is scanned and exposed. After scanning exposure of the second shot area S2, the controller CONT makes the projection optical system PL and the substrate P (substrate stage PST) relative to each other in the X-axis direction in order to scan and expose the next third shot area S3. Stepping movement. Similarly, the controller CONT scans and exposes one shot area, and then moves the next shot area to the scanning start position by the stepping movement of the substrate P. The first to twenty-first shot regions S1 to S21 are sequentially exposed while moving the substrate P by the “pand-and-scan” method.
- the control device CONT moves the shot area to the running start position, and then accelerates in the Y-axis direction, accelerates at a constant speed, and moves at a constant speed. Then, the substrate P (substrate stage PST) is driven so as to make a transition in the order of the decelerating state of decelerating.
- the substrate P substrate stage PST
- a part of the mask M corresponding to the illumination area MR of the exposure light EL on the mask M is projected onto the slit-shaped (rectangular) projection area AR of the projection optical system PL.
- the control device CONT scans the coarse motion stage MST1 in the + Y direction (or -Y direction) at a predetermined scanning speed Vm via the mask stage driving device MST D.
- the operation of fine movement stage MST2 is controlled via mask stage drive device MSTD so as to reduce the relative position error between PST (mask ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ pattern and substrate ⁇ shot region).
- the control device CONT monitors the measurement results of the interferometers 92 and 94 that measure the position information of the mask stage MST and the XY interferometer 96 that measures the position information of the substrate stage PST, while monitoring the measurement results of the mask stage MST. (Fine movement stage MST2) and substrate stage PST are moved synchronously in the Y-axis direction.
- the control device CONT is configured to operate the substrate stage PST with the interferometer system 90 (XY interferometer 96).
- the substrate stage driving device PSTD is controlled so that the substrate P is moved at the target speed Vp so that the substrate P is arranged at the target position in the defined coordinate system.
- the control device CONT can obtain the velocity information of the substrate stage PST by differentiating the measurement result of the XY interferometer 96, for example.
- the control device CONT uses the control amount (to reduce the difference between the position of the substrate stage PST and the target position, and the difference between the speed of the substrate stage PST and the target speed Vp ( (Control amount for moving the substrate stage PST at the target speed Vp) and calculating the substrate stage based on the control amount.
- control amount to reduce the difference between the position of the substrate stage PST and the target position, and the difference between the speed of the substrate stage PST and the target speed Vp ( (Control amount for moving the substrate stage PST at the target speed Vp) and calculating the substrate stage based on the control amount.
- control apparatus CONT causes coarse movement stage MST1 to perform interferometer system 90 ( The mask stage drive MSTD is controlled so that the coarse stage MST1 is moved at the target speed Vm so that the coarse stage MST1 is moved at the target speed Vm in the coordinate system defined by the coarse stage interferometer 92).
- the control device CONT can obtain the speed information of the coarse motion stage MST1 by differentiating the measurement result of the coarse motion stage interferometer 92, for example.
- the controller CONT reduces the difference between the coarse stage MST1 position and the target position and the difference between the coarse stage MST1 speed and the target speed Vm based on the measurement results of the coarse stage interferometer 92.
- a control amount (control amount for moving the coarse movement stage MST1 at the target speed Vm) is calculated, and so-called feedback control is performed when the coarse movement stage MST1 is driven based on the control amount.
- control device CONT has a fine movement stage interference so that the fine movement stage MST2 and the substrate stage PST have a desired positional relationship in the coordinate system defined by the interferometer system 90.
- fine movement stage MST2 obtained from the measurement result of 94 in total
- substrate stage PST obtained from the measurement result of XY interferometer 96
- the control device CONT uses the fine movement stage MST2 to adjust the fine movement stage MST2. When driven, it performs so-called feedback control.
- the control device CONT uses the interferometer system 90 including the interferometers 92, 94, and 96 to move information (position information, velocity information, and acceleration information) of the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST.
- information position information, velocity information, and acceleration information
- Each of the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are in the desired state (desired position, desired speed, desired acceleration) in the coordinate system defined by the interferometer system 90.
- the mask stage through the mask stage driving device MSTD and the substrate stage driving device PSTD so that the mask M and the substrate! ⁇ (Fine movement stage MST2 and substrate stage PST) are in the desired positional relationship. Controls movement of MST and substrate stage PST.
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST is obtained, and the exposure condition of the substrate P is determined.
- the substrate stage PST is controlled while the optical path space K1 is filled with the liquid LQ, and the substrate stage PST (substrate P) is moved relative to the optical path space K1 (exposure light EL).
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST may fluctuate (deteriorate) due to the viscous resistance of the liquid LQ, vibration due to the liquid LQ, and the like.
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST includes the movement control accuracy in the XY direction and the movement control accuracy in the Z-axis direction.
- the movement control accuracy in the XY directions of the substrate stage PST includes a synchronization error between the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST.
- the synchronization error occurs when the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously with respect to a predetermined scanning direction, and the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST are within the coordinate system defined by the interferometer system 90. Including the relative displacement amount (position error).
- the synchronization error may vary depending on conditions when the substrate stage PST is moved while the optical path space K1 is filled with the liquid LQ.
- the conditions include immersion conditions when the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL is filled with the liquid LQ, and the synchronization error may vary depending on the immersion conditions.
- the immersion conditions include at least one of supply conditions for the immersion mechanism 1 to supply the liquid LQ to the optical path space K1 and recovery conditions for recovering the liquid LQ. More specifically, the immersion conditions include, for example, a simple method for the optical path space K1.
- the amount of liquid supplied per unit time, certain! Includes the amount of liquid recovered per unit time.
- the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST is obtained under each of a plurality of conditions, and the movement control accuracy under each condition is evaluated. Then, a process for determining an optimum exposure condition that reduces the movement control accuracy (error) is performed.
- the movement control accuracy in the XY direction of the substrate stage PST specifically, the synchronization error when the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously in the Y-axis direction will be described.
- An example will be described in which the exposure conditions are evaluated and the exposure conditions that minimize the synchronization error are determined. Further, as an exposure condition (immersion condition), an example will be described in which the liquid supply amount per unit time for the optical path space K1 with which the synchronization error is small is determined.
- control device CONT prepares for obtaining a synchronization error under the first condition (step SA1).
- the controller CONT loads the mask M onto the mask stage MST and loads the substrate P onto the substrate stage PST.
- control device CONT uses liquid immersion mechanism 1 to fill optical path space K1 with liquid LQ under the first condition, and sets exposure apparatus EX to the first condition (step SA2).
- the control device CONT uses the liquid immersion mechanism 1 to supply B [liter] of liquid LQ per unit time to the optical path space K1.
- the control device CONT outputs target information (target position and Z or target speed) in a state where the optical path space K1 is filled with the liquid LQ under the first condition, and the mask stage MST and the substrate stage
- target information target position and Z or target speed
- the mask stage MST holding the mask M and the substrate stage PST holding the substrate P are moved synchronously in the Y-axis direction.
- the synchronous movement for obtaining the synchronization error is performed for each of the plurality of shot areas S1 to S21 as described with reference to FIG. 3 as in the case of the actual exposure for manufacturing the device.
- the exposure is performed in a step-and-scan manner.
- the controller CONT uses the interferometer system 90 to move the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST synchronously in the Y-axis direction so as to scan and expose the shot area SI.
- the position information of each of the fine movement stage MST2 (mask M) and the substrate stage PST (substrate P) is measured (step SA3).
- the control device CONT simultaneously acquires the measurement values of the interferometer system 90, specifically the measurement values of the fine movement stage interferometer 94 and the XY interferometer 96 at predetermined sampling intervals. That is, the control device CONT simultaneously acquires the positional information of the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST at a predetermined sampling interval.
- the control device CON T stores the acquired measurement values (position information of the fine movement stage MST2 and the substrate stage PST) in the storage device MRY in association with the time (time) based on the exposure start time of the shot area S1. .
- the points L, L, ..., L, ... move sequentially.
- the control device CONT uses the time t as a reference.
- the measurement values of the interferometer system 90 are stored in the storage device MRY in association with the respective times t, t,.
- control device CONT moves the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST so as to sequentially scan and expose the plurality of shot areas S2 to S21, and sequentially stores the measurement values of the interferometer system 90.
- the control device CONT moves the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST so as to sequentially scan and expose the plurality of shot areas S2 to S21, and sequentially stores the measurement values of the interferometer system 90.
- the control apparatus CONT measured the positional information of the mask M and the substrate P using the interferometer system 90 while moving the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST synchronously. Based on the measurement results, the synchronization error between mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and substrate stage PST is derived (step SA4). Specifically, the control device CONT determines the X axis direction, the Y axis direction, and the ⁇ Z direction based on the measurement results of the interferometers 94 and 96 stored in the storage device MRY at the same time.
- Fine movement stage Obtain synchronization errors ErrX, ErrY, Err ⁇ between MST2 (mask M) and substrate stage PST (substrate P).
- the synchronization error is the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) within the coordinate system defined by the interferometer system 90 when the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously. Therefore, the controller CONT uses the mask stage MST (fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST in the two-dimensional directions ( ⁇ direction). Based on the measurement results of the interferometers 94 and 96 that can measure the position information and rotation information of (), the synchronization error for each of the X, ⁇ , and ⁇ ⁇ directions can be obtained.
- a graph showing a change in synchronization error as shown in FIG. 7 is obtained for each of the X axis direction, the negative axis direction, and the 0 negative direction, for example.
- the vertical axis of the graph shown in FIG. 7 is a synchronization error
- the horizontal axis is time.
- the horizontal axis is the time axis, but it may be a coordinate axis (for example, the vertical axis) on the substrate ⁇ defined by the interferometer system 90.
- control device CONT obtains the synchronization error for all of the plurality of shot regions S1 to S21.
- the control device CONT determines an arbitrary point in the shot area on the substrate P as an illumination area MR as a L-force slit area, that is, a projection area AR conjugate with the illumination area MR.
- the average value of the synchronization error from when the power enters until the force comes out (hereinafter referred to as “moving average” where appropriate), and the standard deviation as the degree of dispersion around the average value of the synchronization error (hereinafter referred to as “moving standard” (Referred to as “deviation”) (step SA5).
- a moving average (MA) and a moving standard deviation (MSD) can be obtained using the following equations (1) and (2). It should be noted that here, the number of times the data is captured from when the dot enters the projection area AR until it exits, that is, the slit width (width of the projection area AR in the scanning direction: 8 mm, for example) ) The number of data when data is acquired in step) is m times.
- Equation (1) Av (ErrX), Av (ErrY), and Av (Err0) are respectively in the X-axis direction,
- ⁇ (ErrX), ⁇ (ErrY), and ⁇ (Err 0) indicate the moving standard deviations in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the ⁇ direction, respectively.
- a graph showing a change in moving average as shown in FIG. 8 (A) for each of the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the ⁇ -Z direction, And a graph showing the change of the moving standard deviation as shown in Fig. 8 (B) is obtained.
- the vertical axis of the graph shown in Fig. 8 is the synchronization error
- the horizontal axis is the Y axis of the shot coordinate system.
- the point Q corresponding to the point on the horizontal axis L in Fig. 8 (A) is the average of the interval from point L to point L n- (m- l) / 2 n + (m in the synchronization error graph in Fig. 7 above. Corresponds to the value.
- control device CONT calculates a moving average and a moving standard deviation for each of the plurality of shot regions S1 to S21.
- the control device CONT stores in the storage device MRY information about the synchronization error, the moving average and the moving standard deviation derived from the synchronization error (step SA6).
- the control device CONT is the same as step SA2 to step SA6 described above under the second condition that is different from the first condition. Perform the process.
- control device CONT uses the liquid immersion mechanism 1 to supply B [liter] of liquid LQ per unit time to the optical path space K1, while the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST.
- the liquid supply amount B under the second condition is the same as the liquid supply amount B under the first condition.
- control device CONT stores information on the synchronization error under the second condition, the moving average derived from the synchronization error, and the moving standard deviation in the storage device MRY. Similarly, the control device CONT performs the same processing as the above-mentioned step SA2 to step SA6 under each of arbitrary N different conditions (supply amounts B to B).
- the control device CONT stores, in the storage device MRY, information on the synchronization error, the moving average and the moving standard deviation derived from the synchronization error under each condition (steps SA7 and SA10).
- the control device CONT is based on at least one of storage information stored in the storage device MRY, that is, information on the synchronization error, moving average, and moving standard deviation. Determine the exposure conditions for exposing the substrate P for manufacturing the vise (Step SA8)
- the control device CONT determines the optimum exposure condition (liquid supply amount per unit time) based on at least one of the synchronization error, moving average, and moving standard deviation stored in step SA6. That is, the control device CONT determines an optimum exposure condition under each condition.
- the above-described moving average is a low-frequency shift component in synchronization, and due to the moving average, the positional error of the pattern image projected on the substrate P, that is, the movement of the pattern image, is caused by the moving average.
- the effect on general distortion can be evaluated quantitatively to some extent.
- the above-mentioned moving standard deviation is a high-frequency shift component in synchronization, and the moving standard deviation causes the synchronization error to deteriorate the resolution of the pattern image projected on the substrate P and the deterioration of the image contrast (resolution).
- the influence force can be evaluated quantitatively to some extent.
- step SA8 a condition in which each of the synchronization error, moving average, and moving standard deviation becomes relatively small may be determined as the exposure condition, or the synchronization error, moving average, and moving It is also possible to select important error information (one or two here) from the standard deviation, and determine the condition that minimizes the selected error as the exposure condition.
- the control device CONT exposes the substrate P for manufacturing the device based on the determined exposure condition! (Step SA9).
- the control device CONT loads the substrate P for manufacturing the device on the substrate stage PST.
- the mask stage MST holding the mask M having the pattern and the substrate stage PST holding the substrate P are synchronously moved in the Y-axis direction under the exposure conditions determined in step SA8.
- the substrate ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ becomes the reduction magnification ⁇ of the projection optical system PL with respect to the projection region AR conjugate with the illumination region MR.
- the pattern is scanned in the ⁇ direction (or + ⁇ direction) at a corresponding speed, and the pattern formed in the pattern formation region of the mask ⁇ is sequentially transferred to the shot region on the substrate ⁇ .
- the controller CONT moves the substrate stage PST by a predetermined distance in the non-scanning direction (X-axis direction) and performs a stepping operation to the scanning start position of the next shot. After that, scanning exposure is performed, and thus exposure is performed by the step-and-scan method.
- the control device CONT uses the units from each of the plurality of supply ports 12 as supply conditions.
- the optimal exposure conditions including the liquid supply amount per unit time from each of the plurality of supply ports 12 are determined by performing the same processing as steps SA2 to SA6 described above while changing the liquid supply amount per hour. Then, the substrate P can be exposed based on the determined exposure conditions.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the recovery conditions when recovering the liquid LQ.
- the recovery conditions include, for example, the amount of liquid recovered per unit time.
- the recovery port 22 is provided with a porous member, and the liquid immersion mechanism 1 can recover only the liquid LQ from the recovery port 22. And gas may be recovered together. Therefore, the collection conditions include the ratio of liquid to gas when collecting the liquid LQ from the collection port 22.
- the control device CONT determines the optimal exposure condition including the recovery condition by performing the same processing as the above steps SA2 to SA6 while changing the recovery condition described above, and based on the determined exposure condition. ! The board P can be exposed.
- the synchronization error may also vary when at least one of the liquid supply position and the recovery position is changed. Therefore, at least one of the liquid supply position and the recovery position Is variable, the control device CONT determines the optimum exposure condition by performing the same process as the above steps SA2 to SA6 while changing at least one of the liquid supply position and the recovery position. Can do.
- the synchronization error may also vary when the flow direction of the liquid LQ in the projection area AR is changed.
- the flow direction of the liquid LQ in the projection area AR can be changed, for example, by changing at least one of the liquid supply position and the recovery position. Therefore, when the flow direction of the liquid LQ is variable, the control device CONT changes the flow direction of the liquid and performs the same process as in steps SA2 to SA6 described above, so that the optimal exposure condition is obtained. Can be determined.
- the second recovery port 22 ′ is for recovering the liquid LQ that could not be recovered by the recovery port 22, thereby preventing leakage of the liquid LQ in the optical path space K1. Then, there is a possibility that the synchronization error fluctuates according to the collection conditions including the suction force through the second collection port 22 ′.
- the control device CONT can determine the optimum exposure condition including the recovery condition by the second recovery port 22 ′, and can expose the substrate P based on the determined exposure condition.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the movement condition of the substrate P.
- the movement condition of the substrate P includes at least one of the movement speed, acceleration / deceleration, and movement direction (movement locus) of the substrate P.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of the movement state of the substrate P when scanning exposure is performed on one shot area, where the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the speed of the substrate P.
- the substrate P is changed in the order of the acceleration state in which acceleration is performed, the constant speed state in which movement is performed at a constant speed, and the deceleration state in which deceleration is performed in the Y-axis direction. (Substrate stage PST) moves.
- the controller CONT determines the optimum exposure condition including the moving speed of the substrate P by performing the same processing as the above steps SA2 to SA6 while changing the moving speed of the substrate P, and determines the determined exposure. Based on the conditions, the substrate P can be exposed.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the acceleration state of the substrate P. Specifically, the synchronization error in the constant speed state varies according to the acceleration in the acceleration state of the substrate P. there is a possibility.
- the control device CONT determines the optimum exposure condition including the acceleration of the substrate P by performing the same processing as the above steps SA2 to SA6 while changing the acceleration of the substrate P, and determines the determined exposure condition.
- the substrate P can be exposed based on Also, in FIG. 10, the case of acceleration with the first acceleration profile AC1 and the case of acceleration with the second acceleration profile AC2 are constant even if the movement speed in the subsequent constant speed state is the same.
- the synchronization errors in the fast state may be different from each other.
- control device CON T determines the optimum exposure condition including the acceleration profile of the substrate P by performing the same processing as the above steps SA2 to SA6 while changing the acceleration profile of the substrate P, and the determination is made.
- the substrate P can be exposed based on the exposure conditions.
- control device CONT By performing the same process as steps SA2 to SA6 described above while changing the deceleration state of P, optimal exposure conditions including the deceleration state of substrate P are determined, and substrate P is determined based on the determined exposure conditions. Can be exposed.
- the control device CONT changes the movement direction (movement locus) of the substrate P.
- optimal exposure conditions including the movement direction (movement trajectory) of the substrate P are determined, and the substrate P is exposed based on the determined exposure conditions. can do.
- the movement direction (movement trajectory) of the substrate P is, for example, the movement direction (+ Y direction, Y direction) of the substrate P when scanning exposure is performed for each shot area, the movement direction of the substrate P during the moving step, and the movement distance. , Including travel paths.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the positional relationship between the optical path space K1 and the substrate stage PST (substrate P). That is, according to the positional relationship between the optical path space K1 and the substrate stage PST, the center of gravity position of the substrate stage PST including the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1 varies, and the synchronization error varies with the variation of the center of gravity position. May fluctuate. For example, when the optical path space K1 (liquid LQ) and the substrate stage PST are in a positional relationship as shown in FIG. 11 (A) and in the positional relationship as shown in FIG. The center of gravity of the PST including the LQ is different from each other. In addition, Fig.
- FIG. 11 (A) shows, for example, the seventh shot FIG. 11B shows a state in which the vicinity of the region S7 is subjected to scanning exposure
- FIG. 11B shows a state in which the vicinity of the fifteenth shot region S15 is subjected to scanning exposure. Therefore, as described above, by obtaining the synchronization error corresponding to the shot areas S1 to S21 on the substrate P, the variation in the synchronization error according to the positional relationship between the optical path space K1 and the substrate stage PST is accurately detected. Can be evaluated.
- the control device CONT determines each shot based on the evaluation result of the synchronization error corresponding to the shot area. For each of the areas S1 to S21, an optimum exposure condition in a state where the liquid immersion area LR is formed is determined, and each shot area S1 to S21 on the substrate P is exposed based on the determined exposure condition. be able to.
- a third nozzle member 80 having an outlet 82 for blowing gas from the outside of the optical path space K1 toward the optical path space K1 so as to surround the nozzle member 70 is provided.
- the structure to provide can be considered.
- the air outlet 82 prevents leakage of the liquid LQ in the optical path space K1 by blowing gas toward the optical path space K1.
- the blowing conditions include the amount of gas per unit time blown from the outlet 82, the direction in which the gas is blown against the optical path space K1, and the like.
- the controller CONT determines the exposure conditions including the gas blowing conditions that minimize the synchronization error by performing the same process as steps SA2 to SA6 described above while changing the gas blowing conditions.
- the substrate P can be exposed based on the determined exposure conditions.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the condition of the object in contact with the liquid LQ.
- the object is the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST or the substrate held by the substrate stage PST. Including members placed around P (such as the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST).
- the condition of the object includes a condition related to the contact angle (including the falling angle) with the liquid LQ.
- FIG. 13 (A) is an example of a cross-sectional view of the substrate P.
- a substrate P has a base material 100 and a film 101 provided on the upper surface 100A of the base material 100.
- the substrate 100 includes a semiconductor wafer.
- the film 101 is formed of a photosensitive material (resist), and covers a region that occupies most of the central portion of the upper surface 100A of the substrate 100 with a predetermined thickness.
- the photosensitive material (film) 101 on the peripheral edge of the upper surface 100A of the substrate 100 is removed.
- a film (photosensitive material) 101 is provided on the uppermost layer of the substrate P, and this film 101 serves as a liquid contact surface that comes into contact with the liquid LQ during immersion exposure.
- FIG. 13B is a diagram showing another example of the substrate P.
- the substrate P has a second film 102 that covers the surface of the film 101.
- the second film 102 is formed of a protective film called a top coat film.
- a second film (protective film) 102 is provided on the uppermost layer of the substrate P, and this second film 102 becomes a liquid contact surface that contacts the liquid LQ during immersion exposure. .
- the conditions regarding the contact angle of the substrate P with the liquid LQ may change.
- the contact angle between the substrate P and the liquid LQ may vary depending on whether the surface of the substrate P is a resist film or a topcoat film, and may vary depending on the type of resist film or topcoat film.
- the synchronization error may vary depending on the conditions regarding the contact angle between the substrate P and the liquid LQ.
- the substrate P is scanned and exposed for device manufacture by obtaining the synchronization error in a state where the immersion region LR is formed on the substrate P used for device manufacture. It is possible to evaluate the fluctuation of the synchronization error that can sometimes occur with high accuracy.
- the immersion region LR of the liquid LQ is the substrate P held on the substrate stage PST.
- the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST disposed around the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST may be formed at the same time. If the contact angle (affinity) of the surface of the substrate P with the liquid LQ is different from the contact angle (affinity) of the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST with the liquid LQ (affinity), the immersion area LR is only on the surface of the substrate P.
- the synchronization error in the formed state may be different from the synchronization error in the state in which the immersion region LR is formed on the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface of the substrate stage PST at the same time.
- the contact angle with the liquid LQ on the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST is preferably 100 degrees or more (for example, 100 ° to 130 °).
- the liquid LQ on the surface of the substrate P The contact angle of the substrate stage PST can be changed in the range of 30 ° to 110 °, for example, depending on the film (protective film, photosensitive material) on the surface of the substrate P carried into the substrate stage PST. The difference between the contact angle of the liquid LQ and the contact angle of the liquid LQ on the surface of the substrate P may affect the synchronization error.
- the control device CONT is configured so that the immersion area LR is formed across the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST, and the immersion conditions and the movement conditions of the substrate P (substrate stage PST).
- the optimum conditions for exposing the shot area provided near the periphery of the substrate P can be determined by performing the same processing as the above-described steps SA2 to SA6 while changing the above.
- control device CONT includes a synchronization error in a state where the immersion region LR is formed only on the surface of the substrate P, and the immersion region LR between the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface of the substrate stage PST.
- the conditions for exposing the substrate P in a state where the immersion region LR is formed only on the surface of the substrate P so as to reduce both the synchronization error in the state formed at the same time, and the liquid may be set to different conditions.
- control device CONT changes the contact angle of the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST with the liquid LQ, and performs the same process as in steps SA2 to SA6 described above, thereby performing the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST. It is possible to determine the optimum exposure condition including the condition regarding the contact angle with the liquid LQ of the substrate and to expose the substrate P based on the determined exposure condition.
- the upper surface 87 may be coated with a predetermined material having different physical properties (contact angles).
- the plate member forming the upper surface 87 is provided to be exchangeable with the substrate of the substrate stage PST, and a plurality of plate members having different contact angles are prepared, so that the liquid on the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST can be obtained.
- the contact angle with LQ can be changed.
- the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST may be subjected to mechanical treatment such as plasma caching or chemical treatment using chemical chemicals.
- the contact angle distribution on the substrate stage PST including the surface of the substrate P can be made uniform.
- the synchronization error when the immersion region LR is formed only on the surface of the substrate P and the synchronization error when the immersion region LR is formed simultaneously on the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface of the substrate stage PST The difference can be reduced.
- a synchronization error may be obtained by holding a substrate for evaluation different from the substrate P used for actual exposure on the substrate stage PST.
- the synchronization error may be obtained by holding the evaluation substrate on the surface of which the same film as the substrate P is formed on the substrate stage PST.
- the contact angle with the liquid LQ may change depending on the film on the surface, and the manner in which the synchronization error occurs may also change, so multiple types of evaluation substrates with different surface films are sequentially placed on the substrate stage.
- the synchronization error is obtained while changing the immersion conditions and substrate movement conditions for each of the multiple types of evaluation substrates.
- the optimum exposure condition may be determined based on the synchronization error evaluation result for the evaluation substrate that is the same as or similar to the film condition.
- the moving average and the moving standard deviation of the synchronization error are obtained. However, either one may be obtained, or neither of them may be obtained, and the synchronization as shown in FIG. An exposure condition may be determined by obtaining an error.
- the exposure apparatus EX is provided with the coarse motion stage interferometer 92 and the fine motion stage interferometer 94, omitting the coarse motion stage interferometer 92, and for the fine motion stage.
- Coarse motion stage MS Position control of Tl and fine movement stage MST2 may be performed.
- the control of the mask stage MST (coarse movement stage MST1 and fine movement stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST is not limited to the above-described control, and various control methods can be employed.
- a fine movement stage that can be finely moved in the X-axis, Y-axis, and ⁇ -Z directions is provided on the substrate stage PST, and the control device CONT has a fine movement stage so that the relative position error between the mask M and the substrate P becomes small during scanning exposure.
- the fine movement stage of the substrate stage PST may be driven instead of or in combination with MST2.
- the substrate holder PH may be configured integrally with a part of the substrate stage PST (for example, a table that is finely moved in the Z-axis, ⁇ X, and ⁇ Y directions).
- the mask stage MST includes the coarse movement stage MST1 and the fine movement stage MST2. As described above, it is possible to use a mask stage which is separated into a coarse movement stage and a fine movement stage.
- the synchronization error is obtained in a state where the mask M used in the main exposure for device manufacturing is held in the mask stage MST, but this is used in the main exposure. You can use a different mask, or you don't have to install anything on the mask stage MST.
- the synchronization error is obtained in correspondence with each of all the shot areas S1 to S21 defined by the arrangement of the shot areas when the substrate P is exposed.
- the synchronization error may be obtained in correspondence with a part of at least one shot area (for example, the shot areas S1, S3, S19, and S21 at the four corners in FIG. 3 and the shot area S11 at the center).
- the synchronization error may be obtained at a predetermined position (preferably a plurality of positions) on the substrate P without using the shot area arrangement information when the substrate P is exposed.
- the movement control accuracy in the XY direction of the substrate stage PST that is, the synchronization error when the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously in the Y-axis direction is evaluated, and the optimum exposure conditions are determined as an example.
- the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1 may change (deteriorate) the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction.
- the Z axis direction of the substrate stage PST The movement control accuracy is referred to as “focus control accuracy (error) J” as appropriate.
- the control device CONT obtains the focus control accuracy of the substrate stage PST, and determines the exposure conditions that reduce the focus control accuracy (error).
- the focus control accuracy of the substrate stage PST includes a positional error between a predetermined surface on the substrate stage PST and a target surface with which the predetermined surface should be matched.
- the predetermined surface on the substrate stage PST includes the surface of the substrate P held on the substrate stage PST or the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST arranged around the substrate P held on the substrate stage PST. There may be a case where a measuring instrument related to the exposure process is mounted around the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST (such as the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST).
- the control device CONT detects the position information of the surface of the substrate P using the force leveling detection system 30, and based on the detection result, the projection optical system PL
- the substrate stage PST is controlled so that the image plane formed via the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1 and the surface of the substrate P coincide with each other.
- the position information of the image plane formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ is obtained in advance, and the control device CONT obtains the image plane and the surface of the substrate P in advance.
- the position control of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction, 0 X direction, and 0 Y direction is performed so as to match.
- control device CONT controls the position of the substrate stage PST in order to make the surface of the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST and the image plane coincide with each other, but is nevertheless held by the substrate stage PST. Position error may occur between the surface of the substrate P and the image plane.
- the controller CONT performs the focus of the substrate stage PST under each of a plurality of conditions before performing the actual exposure of the substrate P.
- the control accuracy is obtained, the focus control accuracy is evaluated under each condition, and the optimum exposure conditions that improve the focus control accuracy (ie, reduce the focus control error) are determined.
- the control device CONT uses the immersion mechanism 1 to enter the optical path space K1 per unit time B
- the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously so that the shot area S 1 on the substrate P is scanned and exposed under the first condition, and the focus is Based on the detection result of the leveling system 30, the position control of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction, 0 X direction, and 0 Y direction is performed. Further, a deviation amount (residual error) between the surface of the substrate P and the image plane in the projection area AR remaining after the position control is acquired at a predetermined sampling interval.
- the control device CONT stores the acquired residual error in the storage device MRY as the focus control accuracy in association with the time (or the position on the wafer) based on the exposure start point of the shot area S1.
- the controller CONT sequentially scans and exposes the remaining shot areas S2 to S21, based on the detection result of the focus / leveling system 30, in the Z-axis direction of the substrate stage PST, 0 X Direction and 0 Y-direction position control while synchronously moving the mask stage MST (fine motion stage MST2) and the substrate stage PST, the focus control accuracy (residual error) corresponding to each of the remaining shot areas S2 to S21 ) Is stored in the storage device MRY.
- the controller CONT After obtaining the focus control accuracy (residual error) under the first condition in this way, the controller CONT performs the second condition (liquid supply amount B [liter]) per unit time.
- the focus control accuracy (residual error) corresponding to the yacht region S1 to S21 is obtained and stored in the storage device MRY. Thereafter, in the same manner, the control device CONT has N different conditions (liquid supply amount B per unit time).
- the focus control accuracy (residual error) corresponding to N to S21 is obtained and stored in the storage device MRY.
- the control device CONT determines the optimum exposure conditions for exposing the substrate P for device manufacturing.
- the first embodiment Since the focus control accuracy (residual error) may fluctuate in the same way as the synchronization error described in, the focus residual error force is reduced based on the focus control accuracy stored in the storage device MRY. Liquid supply per hour Determine the optimal exposure conditions.
- control device CONT exposes the substrate P for device manufacturing based on the determined exposure condition by the step 'and' scan method.
- the focus control accuracy varies depending on various conditions such as other immersion conditions other than the liquid supply amount per unit time and the movement conditions of the substrate (substrate stage PST). there's a possibility that. Therefore, at least one of the various conditions listed in the first embodiment is selected as necessary, and the focus control accuracy (residual error) is obtained while changing the selected condition, and the optimum exposure condition is determined. It is desirable to decide.
- the focus is controlled while controlling the position of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction, 0 X direction, and 0 Y direction based on the detection result of the focus / leveling detection system 30.
- ⁇ Based on the detection result of the leveling detection system 30, it is possible to use a force Z interferometer 98 that seeks the focus control accuracy (residual error).
- the position information of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction, 0 X direction, and 0 Y direction is measured by the Z interferometer 98. Therefore, the control apparatus CONT can control the position of the substrate stage PST and obtain the focus control accuracy of the substrate stage PST based on the measurement result of the Z interferometer 98.
- control device CONT obtains the surface shape (unevenness information) of the substrate P in advance, so that an image formed via the surface of the substrate P, the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ that are obtained in advance. Based on the measurement result of the Z interferometer 98 so that it matches the surface, the position control of the substrate stage PST is performed, and the focus control accuracy of the substrate stage PST is determined from the detection result of the focus' leveling detection system 30. Can be requested.
- the control device CONT also detects the position information about the Z axis, 0 X, 0 Y direction of the surface of the substrate P on the substrate stage PST detected using the focus leveling detection system 30, and the Z interferometer.
- the position of the substrate stage PST is controlled based on the position information about the Z-axis, 0 X and 0 Y directions of the substrate stage PST detected using 98, and the detection result of the focus' leveling detection system 30 and the Z interferometer Based on at least one of the 98 measurement results, A single control accuracy can be obtained.
- the focus leveling detection system 30 capable of detecting the surface position of the substrate P (the upper surface 87 of the substrate stage PST) in real time is omitted, and the substrate is determined based on the measurement result of the Z interferometer 98. While controlling the position of the stage PST in the Z axis direction, 0 X direction, and 0 Y direction, the measurement result force of the Z interferometer 9 8 may be used to determine the focus control accuracy of the substrate stage PST.
- the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST are moved synchronously in order to obtain the focus control accuracy.
- the substrate stage PST is powered and focused. Even if you want control accuracy.
- the force described only with respect to the focus control accuracy is obtained when the synchronization error (including at least one of the moving average and the moving standard deviation) described in the first embodiment is obtained.
- the (residual error) may be calculated simultaneously.
- the synchronization error and the focus control accuracy are obtained based on the measurement result of the interferometer system 90 and the detection result of the focus leveling detection system 30.
- the flowchart of Fig. 15 shows the steps of the evaluation method of the movement control accuracy by the test immersion exposure.
- test exposure is performed in a predetermined pattern under each exposure condition including the above-described immersion conditions (SB1).
- SB1 immersion conditions
- a wedge-shaped first pattern P1 whose longitudinal direction is substantially in the scanning direction, and the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the scanning direction.
- the wedge-shaped second pattern P2 can be used in combination in the intersecting direction.
- the test pattern on the obtained substrate is developed and the shape or size of patterns P1 and P2 is measured (SB2).
- SB2 the shape or size of patterns P1 and P2 is measured
- the length of the first pattern P1 is mainly affected by the synchronization deviation in the direction orthogonal to the scanning direction
- the length of the second pattern P2 is mainly affected by the synchronization deviation in the scanning direction.
- 11-354420 discloses an example of a method for measuring a synchronization error by measuring the length of a pattern on a test-exposed substrate.
- the force used to measure the pattern (resist image) obtained by imaging the substrate that has been subjected to test exposure is not limited to this.
- the pattern that is formed on the substrate by test exposure without development (Latent image) or a pattern obtained through development and etching may be measured.
- the synchronization error and the focus control accuracy change according to various conditions.
- the film on the surface of the substrate P is determined according to the process.
- the liquid LQ can be held in the optical path space K1 (no leakage of the liquid LQ) under the determined conditions regarding the film on the surface of the substrate P, and various errors such as synchronization error, focus control accuracy, imaging performance, etc.
- the optimal conditions for moving the substrate P and immersion conditions are determined so that the performance is at its best.
- one of the imaging performance parameters is the wavefront aberration of the pattern image formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ.
- the wavefront aberration of the pattern image formed via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ may vary.
- test exposure is performed under various conditions as described above, and the synchronization error and focus control accuracy are obtained based on the measurement result of the pattern shape formed on the substrate P obtained by the test exposure.
- wavefront aberration and the best exposure conditions can be obtained. it can.
- a predetermined wavefront aberration measuring instrument disclosed in International Publication No. 2005Z043607 pamphlet may be used.
- the position information of the substrate P is measured while moving the substrate stage PST while the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL is filled with the liquid LQ under a plurality of conditions.
- the optimum exposure condition can be determined based on the obtained movement control accuracy.
- the substrate P can be satisfactorily exposed based on the determined exposure conditions. Thereby, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of exposure failure due to the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage PST.
- pure water is used as the liquid LQ in the above embodiment.
- Pure water has the advantage that it can be easily obtained in large quantities at semiconductor manufacturing plants and the like, and has no adverse effects on the photoresist, optical elements (lenses), etc. on the substrate P.
- pure water has no adverse effects on the environment, and since the impurity content is extremely low, it can be expected to clean the surface of the substrate P and the surface of the optical element provided on the front end surface of the projection optical system PL. . If the purity of the pure water supplied is equal to the field, the exposure apparatus may have an ultrapure water production device.
- the refractive index n of pure water (water) for exposure light EL with a wavelength of about 193 nm is said to be approximately 1. 44, and ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) is used as the light source of exposure light EL.
- ArF excimer laser light wavelength 193 nm
- the wavelength is shortened to about 134 nm to obtain a high resolution.
- the projection optical system PL can be used if it is sufficient to ensure the same depth of focus as in the air.
- the numerical aperture can be increased further, and the resolution is improved in this respect as well.
- the first optical element LSI is attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL, and the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL, for example, aberration (spherical aberration, coma aberration, etc.) are adjusted by this lens. It can be carried out.
- the optical element attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL may be an optical plate used for adjusting the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL. Or it may be a plane parallel plate that can transmit the exposure light EL. [0148] When the pressure between the optical element at the tip of the projection optical system PL generated by the flow of the liquid LQ and the substrate P is large, the optical element cannot be replaced, and the optical pressure is not increased.
- the element may be firmly fixed so as not to move.
- the structure of the liquid immersion mechanism 1 such as the nozzle member 70 is not limited to the above-described structure.
- European Patent Publication No. 14202988, International Publication No. 2004Z055803 Publication, International Publication No. 2004/057590 Publication, Those described in International Publication No. 2005Z029559 can also be used.
- the space between the projection optical system PL and the surface of the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ.
- a state in which a cover glass having a parallel plane plate force is attached to the surface of the substrate P Fill the liquid LQ with ⁇ .
- the optical path space on the image plane side of the optical element at the tip is filled with liquid, but as disclosed in International Publication No. 2004Z019128, By adopting a projection optical system that fills the optical path space on the mask side of the optical element with liquid.
- the liquid LQ in the above embodiment is water (pure water), but may be a liquid other than water! /,
- the light source of the exposure light EL is an F laser
- this F Laser light does not pass through water
- FPE fluorine-based fluids
- fluorine-based oils such as fluorine-based oils
- the lyophilic treatment is performed by forming a thin film with a substance having a small molecular structure including fluorine, for example, in a portion in contact with the liquid LQ.
- liquid LQ is stable to the projection optical system PL that is transparent to the exposure light EL and has a refractive index as high as possible and a photoresist that is applied to the surface of the substrate P (for example, It is also possible to use (cedar oil).
- a liquid LQ having a refractive index of about 1.6 to 1.8 may be used.
- the optical element LSI may be formed of a material having a refractive index higher than that of Sekihide and Fluorite (for example, 1.6 or more).
- the liquid LQ various liquids such as a supercritical fluid can be used.
- an encoder system may be used.
- Position information of substrate stage PST using encoder system For measurement for example, a one-dimensional diffraction grating may be provided on the upper surface of the substrate stage PST along a predetermined direction, and the head unit may be disposed so as to intersect the predetermined direction.
- a hybrid system including both an interferometer system and an encoder system may be used, and the position control of the mask stage MST and the substrate stage PST may be performed using at least one of the measurement results.
- stage position control is performed using the measurement results of the encoder system at least during the exposure operation
- stage position control is performed using the measurement results of the interferometer system in other operations (such as substrate replacement).
- the substrate P in each of the above embodiments is used not only for semiconductor wafers for manufacturing semiconductor devices but also for glass substrates for display devices, ceramic wafers for thin film magnetic heads, or exposure apparatuses. Mask or reticle master (synthetic quartz, silicon wafer), etc. are applied.
- the exposure apparatus EX in addition to a step-and-scan type scanning exposure apparatus (scanning stepper) that performs mask exposure by scanning the mask M and the substrate P in synchronization with each other, a mask is used. Also applies to a step-and-repeat projection exposure system (stepper) in which M and the substrate P are stationary and the pattern of the mask M is exposed at once and the substrate P is moved step by step using a substrate stage. can do.
- a reduced image of the first pattern is projected with the first pattern and the substrate P being substantially stationary (for example, a refractive type including a reflective element at a 1Z8 reduction magnification). It can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that uses a projection optical system) to perform batch exposure on the substrate P. In this case, after that, with the second pattern and the substrate P almost stationary, a reduced image of the second pattern is collectively exposed on the substrate P by partially overlapping the first pattern using the projection optical system. It can also be applied to a stitch type batch exposure apparatus.
- the stitch type exposure apparatus can also be applied to a step 'and' stitch type exposure apparatus in which at least two patterns are partially overlapped and transferred on the substrate P, and the substrate P is sequentially moved. Even in these types of exposure apparatuses, the movement control accuracy of the substrate stage during immersion exposure can be obtained effectively according to the present invention.
- the projection optical system PL the present invention can be applied to an exposure apparatus and an exposure method that do not use the projection optical system PL. Even when the projection optical system PL is not used in this way, the exposure light is irradiated onto the substrate via an optical member such as a lens, and an immersion region is formed in a predetermined space between the optical member and the substrate. It is formed.
- the present invention relates to JP-A-10-163099 and JP-A-10-214783 (corresponding US Patents 6, 341, 007, 6, 400, 441, 6, 549, 269 and 6, 590, 634), JP 2000-505958 (corresponding US Pat. No. 5,969,441) or US Pat. No. 6,208,407, etc., a twin stage type exposure apparatus having a plurality of substrate stages. It can also be applied to devices. In this case, the synchronization error or the like in the immersion state may be measured on one substrate stage, or the synchronization error or the like in the immersion state may be measured on both substrate stages. To the extent permitted by the laws and regulations of the country designated or selected in this international application, the disclosure of the above-mentioned twin-stage type exposure apparatus and the disclosure of US patents are incorporated herein by reference.
- JP-A-11 135400 JP-A-2000-164504 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,897,963), etc.
- a substrate stage for holding the substrate and a reference mark The present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus provided with a reference member on which is formed, and a measurement stage on which Z or various photoelectric sensors are mounted.
- the disclosure of US patents relating to an exposure apparatus equipped with the above measurement stage is incorporated herein by reference.
- the synchronization error and the like are measured using the substrate stage PST.
- the liquid immersion region is formed on the measurement stage. Then, move the measurement stage to obtain the measurement stage movement control accuracy (synchronization error, etc.), and determine the exposure conditions based on the result.
- an exposure apparatus that locally fills the liquid between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is employed.
- the present invention is disclosed in JP-A-6-124873, Liquid immersion in which exposure is performed with the entire surface of the substrate to be exposed immersed in the liquid as disclosed in JP-A-10-303114 and US Pat. No. 5,825,043. It is also applicable to exposure equipment.
- the structure and exposure operation of such an immersion exposure apparatus are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5, 825, 043, which is described in detail and is incorporated herein by reference, as far as permitted by national legislation designated or selected in this international application. Part.
- the type of exposure apparatus EX is not limited to an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor element that exposes a semiconductor element pattern onto a substrate P, but an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element or a display, a thin film magnetic head, an imaging It can be widely applied to an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a device (CCD) or a reticle or mask.
- an exposure apparatus (lithography system) that exposes a line 'and' space pattern on the substrate P by forming interference fringes on the substrate P. )
- an exposure apparatus (lithography system) that exposes a line 'and' space pattern on the substrate P by forming interference fringes on the substrate P. )
- two mask patterns are synthesized on the wafer via the projection optical system.
- the present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that performs double exposure of one shot area on a wafer almost simultaneously by one scan exposure.
- the exposure apparatus EX provides various mechanical systems including the respective constituent elements recited in the claims of the present application with predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical accuracy, and optical accuracy. Manufactured by assembling to keep. In order to ensure these various accuracies, before and after the assembly, various optical systems are adjusted to achieve optical accuracy, various mechanical systems are adjusted to achieve mechanical accuracy, various electrical systems Is adjusted to achieve electrical accuracy.
- the assembly process from various subsystems to the exposure system includes mechanical connections, electrical circuit wiring connections, and pneumatic circuit piping connections between the various subsystems. Needless to say, there is an assembly process for each subsystem before the assembly process from the various subsystems to the exposure apparatus. each When the assembly process of the seed subsystem to the exposure apparatus is completed, comprehensive adjustment is performed to ensure various accuracies for the entire exposure apparatus. It is desirable to manufacture the exposure apparatus in a clean room in which the temperature and cleanliness are controlled.
- a microdevice such as a semiconductor device includes a step 201 for designing the function and performance of the microdevice, a step 202 for producing a mask (reticle) based on this design step, Step 203 for manufacturing a substrate as a base material, substrate processing (exposure processing) step 204 for exposing the mask pattern onto the substrate by the exposure apparatus EX of the above-described embodiment, and exposing the exposed substrate, device assembly step (dicing process) (Including processing processes such as bonding process and knocking process) 205, inspection step 206, etc.
- the present invention when performing exposure while moving the substrate held on the substrate stage based on the immersion method, the substrate can be satisfactorily exposed. Therefore, the present invention is extremely useful for an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a wide range of products such as semiconductor elements, liquid crystal display elements or displays, thin film magnetic heads, CCDs, and reticles (masks).
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/886,506 US8638422B2 (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2006-03-17 | Exposure method, exposure apparatus, method for producing device, and method for evaluating exposure apparatus |
| EP06729335A EP1879217A4 (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2006-03-17 | EXPOSURE METHOD, EXPOSURE APPARATUS, DEVICE MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND EXPOSURE APPARATUS EVALUATION METHOD |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005079110 | 2005-03-18 | ||
| JP2005-079110 | 2005-03-18 |
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| WO2006101024A1 true WO2006101024A1 (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
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| PCT/JP2006/305345 Ceased WO2006101024A1 (ja) | 2005-03-18 | 2006-03-17 | 露光方法及び露光装置、デバイス製造方法、並びに露光装置の評価方法 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8638422B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1879217A4 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP4946109B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20070115859A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006101024A1 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI345685B (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2011-07-21 | Asml Netherlands Bv | Lithographic method |
| JP4902505B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2012-03-21 | エーエスエムエル ネザーランズ ビー.ブイ. | リソグラフィ装置およびデバイス製造方法 |
| US8634053B2 (en) | 2006-12-07 | 2014-01-21 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithographic apparatus and device manufacturing method |
| JP2008172102A (ja) * | 2007-01-12 | 2008-07-24 | Canon Inc | 測定方法及び露光装置 |
| DE102007046927A1 (de) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Carl Zeiss Smt Ag | Kalibrierung einer Positionsmesseinrichtung einer optischen Einrichtung |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8638422B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
| EP1879217A4 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
| EP1879217A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
| JP4946109B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 |
| JP2006295151A (ja) | 2006-10-26 |
| JP2011259000A (ja) | 2011-12-22 |
| KR20070115859A (ko) | 2007-12-06 |
| US20080212056A1 (en) | 2008-09-04 |
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