WO2006113901A2 - Systeme de construction pour batiments a charpente d'acier - Google Patents

Systeme de construction pour batiments a charpente d'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006113901A2
WO2006113901A2 PCT/US2006/015014 US2006015014W WO2006113901A2 WO 2006113901 A2 WO2006113901 A2 WO 2006113901A2 US 2006015014 W US2006015014 W US 2006015014W WO 2006113901 A2 WO2006113901 A2 WO 2006113901A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
deck
building
base
container
elevator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2006/015014
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006113901A3 (fr
Inventor
Eric S. Ritter
Robert A. Kaplan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2006113901A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006113901A2/fr
Publication of WO2006113901A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006113901A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3442—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell
    • E04B1/3444—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts folding out from a core cell with only lateral unfolding
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/02—Dwelling houses; Buildings for temporary habitation, e.g. summer houses
    • E04H1/04—Apartment houses arranged in two or more levels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B2001/34876—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form with a sloping or barrel roof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
    • E04H2001/1283—Small buildings of the ISO containers type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to multi-story building construction, and more particularly to construction of economical steel-frame buildings.
  • Modular construction in which portions of a building are fabricated in one location and then shipped for assembly at the building site, is well known.
  • the underlying techniques used in conventional modular construction e.g. framing, siding, roofing
  • traditional (“stick-built") construction often are little different from traditional (“stick-built") construction.
  • cost savings are realized from centralized fabrication of building modules, there are added costs involved in transporting the modules.
  • Shipping containers made of steel according to ISO standards, are designed to be moved about by crane and loaded on oceangoing vessels (both above and below decks) and/or railroad cars and truck beds. They may be stacked on top of one another and can withstand extreme stresses.
  • a building includes a substantially horizontal deck and a plurality of substantially vertical columns, where the deck includes a base of a shipping container.
  • a side wall of the shipping container is adapted to form a portion of the deck adjacent to the base.
  • a plurality of shipping containers may be arranged in a stacked configuration so that the base of each container forms part of one deck in a multi-story building.
  • the multi-story building may include an elevator contained in an elevator shaft and attached to the building; the elevator shaft is formed from a shipping container standing on an end wall thereof.
  • a method for constructing a building includes providing a shipping container having a base, side walls and end walls, where the side walls and end walls have hinged connections to the base. The shipping container is then opened using the hinged connections so that the base, the side walls and the end walls form a substantially horizontal deck. Vertical columns are then attached to the deck. Furthermore, a plurality of shipping containers may be stacked so as to form a plurality of decks, to form a multi-story building.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an ISO shipping container used in a construction system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a base of a shipping container with one side folded down and adjacent to the base.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a base of a shipping container with two sides folded down to form a steel deck.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a shipping container with the sides and end walls folded down and corner plates provided to form a rectangular deck.
  • FIG. 5 A illustrates installation of a support column on a slab.
  • FIG. 5B illustrates installation of support columns for a deck.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic front and side views, respectively, of a stack of shipping containers for building a multi-story structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a detail view of installation of structural insulated panels (SIP) in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8A is a front view of a finished structure in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8B is a side view of a finished structure in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a self-contained elevator system for use in a multi-story building, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of a finished structure including an elevator, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. 5 81205.010000
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an ISO shipping container 1 having a top 11, side walls 12, a base and end walls 13.
  • a typical container has a height of 9.5 feet, a depth (that is, distance along edge 131) of 8 feet, and a length of 40 feet.
  • the top 11 is supported by vertical posts (not shown) at the corners 123 where the sides and end walls meet.
  • Horizontal beams (not shown) connect the posts along the edges 112, 121, 131, 122. The posts and beams thus form a frame to which any or all of the walls may be secured with bolts or other appropriate fasteners.
  • Figure 1 shows side wall 12 and end wall 13 in an upright position, so that the container 1 is closed. These walls are also hinged along lower edges 121, 131 respectively.
  • the walls may thus be lowered or raised (using a crane, forklift, come-along, winch or by another suitable method) to a position extending from the frame at an angle, including an open position where the wall is at 90 degrees to the frame and forms a continuous deck with the base 14 of the container.
  • Figure 2 is a partial plan view of the base 14 with wall 12 folded down along the hinged edge 121.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of base 14 with both front and rear side walls (lateral flaps) 12, 15 folded down to form a rectangular deck with dimensions 40 feet by 27 feet (when container 1 is 40 feet long). This deck may be anchored to the ground below, supported by columns above a slab, or attached to another container in a stacked configuration, as described in more detail below.
  • each vertical post 31 is located at the corners of base 14; these posts form part of the frame of container 1.
  • Additional support columns 32, 33 are attached to the deck at the corners and along the edges respectively.
  • the frame of container 1, the top 11, and the added columns 32, 33 provide a support system to receive an upper floor and/or additional containers stacked on top of container 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of side walls 12, 15, and end walls 13 of container 1 lowered to form a continuous deck with base 14. As shown in Figure 4, if two contiguous walls located at right angles to each other are lowered, a corner space 41 is formed. A plate of structurally strong material is connected to the folded-down walls (e.g. along edges 43, 45) in each of the four corner spaces. This connection may be made using locking hinges, bolts or other mechanical fasteners, or welds, thereby forming a solid, continuous deck 40 with dimensions approximately 59 feet by 27 feet (when container 1 is 40 feet long). As noted above, columns 32, 33 (not shown in this plan view) extend vertically from the deck, and 6 81205.010000
  • columns 32 at the corners of base 14 support the top 11. Additional columns are provided at the corners 48 of the deck.
  • Another container may now be placed on the top 11 of container 1.
  • This container may also have its walls folded down and plates inserted into the corner spaces; these folded- down walls and corner plates will be supported by columns 33.
  • This additional container thus forms the floor for a second story of the structure. It will be appreciated that each shipping container in a stacked configuration provides one story of a multi-story structure.
  • Figure 5A is a detail view of a column 51 secured to a foundation (e.g. a slab) 53 by bolts 52 and supporting a deck 40, which in turn is formed by folding down walls of a shipping container.
  • a foundation e.g. a slab
  • a simple one-story building with a concrete floor and a steel roof may thus be constructed from a single steel shipping container.
  • deck 40 in a multistory configuration may be supported by columns both above and below, so that the columns form a continuous vertical support 55.
  • Connections 54 between the columns may be bolts or other mechanical fasteners, or welds.
  • the columns may be located on the perimeter of deck 40, or in any other desired position to support the lowered walls of the container stacked above.
  • Figures 6A and 6B are schematic front and side views, respectively, of a four-story structure 60 according to an embodiment of the invention, where multiple shipping containers have been stacked on each other to form four stories 61-64 respectively.
  • the first story 61 formed by the base and folded-down walls of a first container, is supported by columns (see Figure 5A) above a foundation (e.g. a concrete slab) 53.
  • the second and third stories 62, 63 are formed by the base and folded-down walls of a second and third container respectively.
  • the top story 64 comprises the top of the third container and additional material (steel plates, concrete board or the like).
  • the first container may be anchored to the ground, so that a four-story structure requires four containers.
  • the columns supporting each floor (or story) are connected vertically to form continuous supports 55 (see Figure 5B).
  • the top story 64 may be covered with roofing material or have a separate roof or an additional structure built on it.
  • the exterior walls (and interior walls, if desired) of the structure are preferably formed using structural insulated panels (SIP).
  • SIP structural insulated panels
  • Panel 71 has an inner and outer skin of structural material, with insulation (typically foam 6 inches thick) therebetween, as is known to those skilled in the art.
  • the insulation typically has an R-value of approximately 8 per inch of thickness, so that a 6-inch thick panel provides insulation of R-50.
  • C-shaped channel 72 is affixed to the lowered walls (and additional plates) which form each deck 40; accordingly, channel 72 forms a header to receive the upper edge of panel 71. If desired, another channel may be provided to receive the lower edge of the panel.
  • the channels are attached using bolts or other mechanical fasteners, or welds; the wall panels are secured to the channels using screws or other mechanical fasteners.
  • the walls are connected to the floors (above and/or below) using structurally strong material (e.g. metal extrusions, such as angled strips of steel), so that the walls provide structural support for the floor(s) above.
  • a gasketing material e.g. a rubber membrane 73 is preferably used to protect against intrusion of air or water along surfaces where the floor and walls connect.
  • the upright walls serves to fully enclose the structure.
  • the vertical support columns may be embedded in the wall panels.
  • the arrangement 70 of channel and SIP wall panels may be installed as desired in the interior space of the structure, to divide the space on a given floor in accordance with any need. Doors and windows may be cut into the SIP wall panels after they are installed, or may be set into the walls in predetermined locations. Plumbing, HVAC and electric service may be installed in the structure as needed. Other structures (e.g. catwalks, fire escapes) may be attached to the exterior.
  • FIG 8A is a front view of a completed structure in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • a three-story structure 81 formed from stacked shipping containers, has an additional structure 82 built on the roof thereof.
  • structure 82 has a balcony with a railing and a door leading thereto, and a top floor with a peaked roof.
  • Figure 8B is a side view of a similar structure where stacked containers form a four-story structure, and an additional structure 85 is built on the roof thereof.
  • structure 85 may itself be largely formed from one or more additional shipping containers, oriented at right angles to the containers used for structure 84.
  • a wide variety of configurations therefore 8 81205.010000
  • FIG 9 is a schematic view of an elevator that may be added to a multi-story building constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • the elevator shaft is formed from a shipping container 90 stood on its end.
  • the elevator cab 91 and elevator cables 92, ' together with the required controls, etc. are fitted inside the container.
  • container 90 provides a self-contained elevator system.
  • one wall of the container facing the interior of the building
  • the container combined elevator and shaft
  • the shaft may be extended in height by removing an end wall of the container, inserting extension plates (thereby lengthening the side walls of the container) and re-attaching the end wall. External stairs, overhangs, etc. may be transported inside the container, and then attached to the exterior of the shaft.
  • Figure 10 shows a completed structure including an elevator in container 90 attached to a side of the building.
  • the elevator shaft includes a height extension 95 which may accommodate the mechanicals (electric motor, cable winding drum, etc.) for operating the elevator.
  • the shipping containers used to construct a building according to the present invention may have all the required components (support columns, channels, wall panels, roofing material, etc.) of the building packed therein for transport to the building site.
  • a building constructed in accordance with the invention may be an open, solid frame and floor structure of steel or similarly strong material, and furthermore may be a multi-story structure to serve any desired purpose. Buildings constructed in accordance with the invention may easily be engineered to meet or exceed all applicable local building code standards, including wind, snow load and seismic standards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne un système de construction pour bâtiments à charpente d'acier, dans lequel des conteneurs d'expédition sont utilisés pour former les composants structurels du bâtiment. Un tel bâtiment comprend un tablier essentiellement horizontal et plusieurs colonnes essentiellement verticales, le tablier comportant une base d'un conteneur d'expédition. Une paroi latérale du conteneur d'expédition est destinée à former une partie du tablier adjacente à la base. Plusieurs conteneurs d'expédition peuvent être disposés selon une configuration empilée, pour que la base de chaque conteneur forme une partie de l'un des tabliers dans un bâtiment de plusieurs étages. Un tel bâtiment de plusieurs étages peut comporter un ascenseur contenu dans une cage d'ascenseur et fixé au bâtiment, la cage d'ascenseur étant formée par un conteneur d'expédition reposant sur l'une de ses parois d'extrémité.
PCT/US2006/015014 2005-04-20 2006-04-20 Systeme de construction pour batiments a charpente d'acier Ceased WO2006113901A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67320105P 2005-04-20 2005-04-20
US60/673,201 2005-04-20
US11/379,452 US20070084135A1 (en) 2005-04-20 2006-04-20 Construction system for steel-frame buildings
US11/379,452 2006-04-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006113901A2 true WO2006113901A2 (fr) 2006-10-26
WO2006113901A3 WO2006113901A3 (fr) 2007-10-11

Family

ID=37115961

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/015014 Ceased WO2006113901A2 (fr) 2005-04-20 2006-04-20 Systeme de construction pour batiments a charpente d'acier

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20070084135A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006113901A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009108986A1 (fr) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-11 Francesco Antonio Martino Bâtiment transportable comprenant une structure de toit pour empilement de multiples bâtiments
CN101881080A (zh) * 2010-06-17 2010-11-10 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 基于安全评估的多层集装箱房构建方法及多层集装箱房

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US20080099283A1 (en) * 2006-10-25 2008-05-01 Robert Jacobus Reigwein Lift Apparatus and Method for Forming Same
US8439333B2 (en) 2010-05-25 2013-05-14 Caldwell Tanks, Inc. Removable misting array assembly for an abatement system
US8870166B2 (en) 2010-05-25 2014-10-28 Caldwell Tanks, Inc. Misting array assembly of an abatement system
US8800725B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2014-08-12 Dominick J. Alois Elevator liner apparatus and utilization method thereof
CN106013846A (zh) * 2016-07-14 2016-10-12 陈俊虎 一种组合式多变别墅
US10704251B1 (en) * 2017-07-25 2020-07-07 Vessel Technologies, Inc. Modular housing system and methods for using the same
EP3897299A4 (fr) * 2018-12-20 2022-09-21 Smart Bunks IP Pty Ltd Couchette modulaire
US20200399889A1 (en) * 2019-06-18 2020-12-24 United States Gypsum Company Shipping container noncombustible building fire design
EP3957590B1 (fr) * 2020-08-21 2025-07-16 KONE Corporation Élément d'arbre d'ascenseur, agencement d'ascenseur et procédé
EP4208405A1 (fr) 2020-09-04 2023-07-12 KONE Corporation Élément de cage d'ascenseur à usage dans le temps de construction, agencement d'ascenseur et procédé
US11976484B2 (en) * 2022-03-18 2024-05-07 Cary James Henson Modular dwelling constructed from vertically oriented intermodal containers

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009108986A1 (fr) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-11 Francesco Antonio Martino Bâtiment transportable comprenant une structure de toit pour empilement de multiples bâtiments
CN101881080A (zh) * 2010-06-17 2010-11-10 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 基于安全评估的多层集装箱房构建方法及多层集装箱房
WO2011157028A1 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2011-12-22 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 Procédé de construction d'une maison à étages constituée de conteneurs en fonction d'une évaluation de la sécurité et maison à étages constituée de conteneurs

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Publication number Publication date
US20070084135A1 (en) 2007-04-19
WO2006113901A3 (fr) 2007-10-11

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