WO2007006292A2 - Filtermedium für technische anwendungen und verfahren seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Filtermedium für technische anwendungen und verfahren seiner herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007006292A2 WO2007006292A2 PCT/DE2006/001208 DE2006001208W WO2007006292A2 WO 2007006292 A2 WO2007006292 A2 WO 2007006292A2 DE 2006001208 W DE2006001208 W DE 2006001208W WO 2007006292 A2 WO2007006292 A2 WO 2007006292A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- diacrylate
- diallyl
- urea
- divinyl
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a filter medium for technical applications, in particular for the automotive industry, and as an industrial filter, and a method of its production.
- Filter media for automotive and industrial filters are generally special and refined filter papers based on cellulose. They are used to filter air, fuel and oils and must meet very high requirements for bursting and tear resistance with long service lives and partly high temperature loads in aggressive environments.
- the filter paper must be characterized by maximum bursting and tear resistance, which can only be achieved with long chain lengths, a strong interaction between the fiber molecules and optimum curing of the resin.
- the bursting strength of the filter paper should be at least 0.1 N / mm 2 .
- the degree of polymerization of the filter papers commonly used to make the present technical filter media is generally between 1,000 and 2,000.
- technical filter papers consist of short fiber cellulose and long fiber cellulose of southern long fiber in a high degree of purity with a high content of alpha-cellulose and a low lignin and polyose content.
- the technical filters are also highly porous - also known as Dissolvingpulp - and generally have a proportion of mercerized cellulose.
- ce- lecus radicals formed by electron irradiation include, in addition to chain degradation, elimination reactions as well as the formation of carbonyl and carboxyl groups.
- Industrial filter papers are also characterized in particular by the resinous system, which is not present in household filters or other papers.
- the water absorption capacity of these papers (in the cured state) is therefore very limited, so that the equilibrium moisture content is very low and at about 3 to 5 wt.%
- the swelling capacity of the industrial filter papers is still severely hindered. This also achieves a very high dimensional stability.
- typical technical filter papers have a grammage of 100-300 gsm, a thickness of between 0.5 and 0.9 mm and a hydrophobicity in the uncured state and without a coating of 0 and in the cured state of about 7.
- the temperature load of an oil filter is about 150 0 C, that of a fuel filter at about 70 0 C to 80 0 C.
- Air filters must also have the required resistance even at high temperature fluctuations.
- the air permeability is generally between 200 and 800 l / m 2 s and more preferably about 500 l / m 2 s, MFP: 20-30 microns and the filter fineness 10 to 20 microns and more preferably about 14 microns.
- the air permeability is generally about 5 to 20 l / m 2 s, MFP 5 to 8 microns and the filter fineness about 1 to 10 microns.
- Typical air filters are characterized by an air permeability of about 250 - 700 l / m 2 s, MFP 20 - 30 microns and a filter fineness of 10 - 20 microns.
- the filter paper is folded, among other things, in particular to a bellows, and embossed. So that this mechanical deformation of the filter paper in the later application stock to achieve a certain hydrophobicity of the paper and to increase the strength, in particular the bursting and tear strength, and resistance of the paper, the impregnated with the resin system filter paper is then in a Oven cured.
- the stamped with cam and folded into a bellows paper is transported on a conveyor belt through the oven at a temperature between 160 0 C and 200 0 C to further thermally crosslink the resin.
- novolacs are used as resins, which are cured with hexamethylenetetramine, volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde or ammonia are liberated during heating in the oven.
- volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde or ammonia are liberated during heating in the oven.
- the thermal curing of other resins also releases emissions of solvents or resin components. These and other compounds released from the resin during the heating must be exhausted in a complex manner and the exhaust gases subsequently filtered and / or cleaned.
- the vapor pressure of the resin or of individual components in the resin is so high that the resin or individual components of the resin evaporate and then become cooler Knock down surfaces such as conveyor belts, furnace walls or rails.
- a strong cross-linking is observed especially at the outwardly facing fold edges of the bellows, which do not rest on the conveyor belt, a lower cross-linking and - as a result - also a lower hydrophobicity, in the areas such as the inner surfaces of the acute angle of the bellows, in which a heat exchange is impeded.
- the oven Due to the required heating of the resin-impregnated paper, the throughput in the oven is limited and the heat losses are enormous. In addition, the oven, which is about 7 m long and is usually located in the production hall, also needs to be cooled.
- the object of the invention is to provide filter media for technical applications with a more uniform curing and thus strength and hydrophobicity and to provide a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for producing the filter media.
- the beam absorption does not depend on the geometry and the convolutions of the bellows, radiation or photochemical reactions which are independent of heat transport and convection operations can achieve much more uniform crosslinking of the resin via the bellows, that is to say the filter material a more consistent strength and hydrophobicity.
- Random curing in the context of the present invention means curing by means of electron, X-ray, gamma and UV radiation.
- Radiation curing of the resin can also accelerate and simplify the entire manufacturing process and reduce the cost of production.
- the bands which cause the Transport the filter bellows run at 50 to 100 times the speed.
- the resin-impregnated filter bellows is guided along at least one radiation source on the conveyor belt, optionally irradiated on both sides, and the resin crosslinks virtually instantaneously.
- Another significant advantage of radiation curing is that no volatile compounds are released from the resin, so the conventional aspiration of from the resin originating emissions and the subsequent treatment and filtration of the exhaust air can be omitted.
- Another important advantage of radiation curing is the immense saving, tern Abluftfil- energy cooling water and space, because it is necessary for the networking no place intense furnace to be heated and at 180 0 C to 200 0 C simultaneously cooled from the outside must the extraction of products resulting from thermal crosslinking, such as ammonia or formaldehyde, can be dispensed with and the furnace is no longer contaminated by condensed resins.
- thermal crosslinking such as ammonia or formaldehyde
- radiation-curable resins it is possible to use a large number of monomers, oligomers, prepolymers and polymers, such as unsaturated or saturated phenol-based resins or based on polyesters, polyester acrylates, epoxy resins, epoxyacrylates, urethanes and urethane acrylates, polyether acrylates, olefinic resins or silicone acrylates. th.
- At least individual resin components for this purpose have unsaturated molecular groups, such as, for example, aryl, methacrylic, vinyl or allyl groups.
- unsaturated molecular groups such as, for example, aryl, methacrylic, vinyl or allyl groups.
- Molecular groups comprising multiple and / or conjugated unsaturated bonds, whether unsaturated C-C bonds, unsaturated bonds between carbon and a heteroatom, or purely heteroatomic unsaturated compounds can also be used as radical-forming moieties.
- radical formation can, in principle, also be carried out on saturated radicals, in particular on those which have heteroatoms.
- free-radical spacers or free-radical initiators such as, for example, 1-hexadien-3-ol, 1, 4-pentadien-3-ol, 2-methyl-1, 3-butadiene.
- the spacers are preferably acrylates or carboxylates, urea derivatives, allyl- or vinyl-group-containing compounds or siloxane compounds and are in particular selected from the following groups: 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate, 3-hydroxy-2, 2-dimethylpropyl 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylpropionate diacrylate, 5-ethyl-5- (hydroxyethyl) - ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-2-ethanol diacrylate; Bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylate, bis-phenol A glycerolate (1 glycerol / phenol) diacrylate,
- Bisphenol A-propoxylate diacrylate bisphenol F-ethoxylate (2 EO / phenol) diacrylate;
- spacers can be obtained, for example, from Sigma-Aldrich Co.
- spacers preferably multipurpose spacers, in particular from the group of di- and triacrylates, in particular the alkanol or alkoxyacrylates.
- spacers are, for example, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), tripropolyene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA) or dipropyleneglycol diacrylate (DPGDA) as bifunctional spacers, trimethylolpropane triacrytate (TMPTA) as trifunctional spacer and pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETIA), pentaerythrityl triacrylate, poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate, trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate, 1, ⁇ -hexanediol diacrylate, tetra (ethylene glycol) diacrylate, 1, ⁇ -hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylate and trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate
- HDDA 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate
- TPGDA tripropolyene glycol diacrylate
- Electron irradiation form radicals of the type .R-A-R-B.
- these radicals can be reacted with the novolak to form novolak R-A-R-B.
- react, by further cleavage of B can then be made a further attack on a novolac to novolak R-A-R novolac.
- the radical reacts with the novolac to novolak R-ARB as follows. :
- the cationic polymerization can be effected via suitable salts, e.g. Sulfonium-iodonium-diazonium initiate. These salts also react to electron irradiation and decompose to form acids suitable for cationic polymerization.
- suitable salts e.g. Sulfonium-iodonium-diazonium initiate. These salts also react to electron irradiation and decompose to form acids suitable for cationic polymerization.
- Phenolic resins which can be used for radiation curing are obtained by the synthesis of phenols with aldehydes. By electrophilic substitution, three hydrogen atoms of the phenol molecule are replaced by a -CH 2 -OH group. By cleavage of water, these polyfunctional phenol derivatives condense to precondensates.
- the precondensates are then mixed with acidic or basic condensing agents:
- phenolic alcohols methylol
- Rosolacs are formed from the precondensate and join together by means of methylene bridges to form linear chain molecules, so-called "novolacs". They are prepared by using acids (oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid) and excess phenol and contain by acid further condensation, because of the excess phenol, still largely methylol-free structures. They are obtained as soluble, meltable, non-self-curing and therefore storage-stable oligomers having molecular weights in the range of about 500 to 5000 g / mol. Their aromatic rings are linked by methylene bridges.
- Novolaks have a very high degree of crosslinking and harden by themselves.
- Resoles are meltable and soluble in various solvents. They react without further additives already at room temperature (self-curing phenolic resins), faster at 100 to 18O 0 C under water and formaldehyde elimination (polycondensation) and molecular enlargement of a through Heat still softenable, solvent only swellable intermediate (Resitol) to the insoluble and infusible final stage (Resit). This reaction can be accelerated by addition of acid.
- Density 1.30. 1.45 g / cm 3 ; hard, very unbreakable; Color: black / brown / red; never bright; darkens under light after; only machining possible; Burn test: mostly Flarnmwidrig; yellowish flame; easily sparks sparks; Material breaks and bursts, cracking and charring; Odor of phenol and formaldehyde.
- the resin, the paper in papermaking or subsequently on the resin to be crosslinked may also be added with a free radical generator in either a stoichiometric or a catalytic amount.
- inert gas has the further advantage that thereby the formation of ozone, which may be caused by the irradiation is avoided, so that a suction of the ozone can be omitted.
- raw materials such as polymerizable or polymerization-promoting materials such as binders, reactive diluents (monomers, low molecular weight, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated compounds such as acrylic acid esters), and optionally photoinitiators and synergists for UV-curable resins may be present in the resin.
- raw materials with other functions such as inhibitors, pigments, dyes, fillers and other additives may be included in the resin.
- high-energy radiation in particular electron radiation and UV radiation
- X-ray or gamma radiation would also be possible, for example Co-60 radiation.
- only X-ray radiation of less than 5 MeV and electron radiation of less than 10 MeV should be used.
- a particularly high uniformity of the effect is achieved here by the use of electron irradiation, which is expected to result from the generation of secondary electrons and secondary ionization and excitation deep in the resin-hardened bellows.
- the acceleration voltage for electron beam systems is dependent on the desired penetration depth and is preferably about 90 to 200 kV.
- the absorbed dose of the filter papers to be irradiated is between 10 and 150 kGy when irradiated electronically, preferably between 50 and 100 kGy.
- the usable wavelength range is between 240 and 400 nm, that is to say between 3 and 6 eV.
- resin-impregnated filter materials with a synthetic fiber content for example up to 20 or 50% by weight of polyester fibers, or even pure synthetic fiber filter materials, are radiation-curable.
- a synthetic fiber content for example up to 20 or 50% by weight of polyester fibers, or even pure synthetic fiber filter materials
- the radiation curing of the resins according to the invention can be used successfully.
- Resin-cured melt-blown papers in which thermal curing of the resins is not or only possible with difficulty due to the softening of the polymer coating occurring during the curing temperatures can also be crosslinked by radiation.
- a further preferred embodiment envisages incorporating the radical formers or free-radical-forming reactants into the paper in the required amount during papermaking, provided that the resin in question does not itself form radicals by irradiation, which crosslink with other resin constituents.
- the curing of the resins can be determined by extraction with acetone (DIN EN ISO 6427) and determination of the hydrophobicity.
- the curing reaction can also be followed optically in a bathochromic shift of the absorption band, in particular in the case of the no-volaks used here, by a yellowing occurring with the hardening, a) determination of the hydrophobicity
- the determination of the hydrophobicity is carried out with a water-ethanol mixture. On the paper to be tested is from a Dropper applied a drop of test liquid. After 1 minute, it is observed whether the test liquid, without penetrating, stops on the paper as drops. The more hydrophobic the paper is, the higher the number of the corresponding test liquid.
- test liquids are listed below:
- pulp pads were cut out of samples from the company Rayonier (type Ultranier J Bat, thickness: 1.225 mm, 920 gsm, TG: 92.4%) and mixed with novolak in the beaker.
- the novolak used by Bakelite (type PF 656812, C / B 2067287101, ore No. 3313699140) was obtained directly from Bakelite by Gessner.
- the hydrophobicity of the novolak-impregnated pulp was determined, as described above, whereby a hydrophobicity of 0 was determined in each case for the cellulose impregnated only with novolak.
- the particular spacer to be examined was then dripped onto the cellulose pad impregnated with novolak and hardened with electron beams.
- the irradiation was carried out on an electron beam from WKP / Unterensingen. Manufacturer of the plant was the company ESI. The system is designed for the irradiation of rolls. Therefore, the pads were glued to a carrier (paper / foil) and thus passed through the machine. To prevent excessive ionization, nitrogen inertization was used in all experiments.
- Comparison thermoset fuel filter paper for comparison was the usual, provided for heat curing fuel filter paper (b) cured in an oven at 165 0 C and the hydrophobicity on the back (RS) and the dirty side (SS) determines the filter paper in function of time.
- Pentaerythrityl triacrylate poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate, trimethylolpropane propoxylate triacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, tetra (ethylene glycol) diacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol ethoxylate diacrylate, bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylate and trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/995,507 US20080308492A1 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Filter Medium for Technical Applications, and Method for the Production Thereof |
| JP2008520711A JP2009500170A (ja) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | 工業用途のろ材及びその製造方法 |
| EP06761794A EP1904210A2 (de) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Filtermedium für technische anwendungen und verfahren seiner herstellung |
| DE112006002436T DE112006002436A5 (de) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Filtermedium für technische Anwendungen und Verfahren seiner Herstellung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005032395A DE102005032395A1 (de) | 2005-07-12 | 2005-07-12 | Filtermedium für technische Anwendungen und Verfahren seiner Herstellung |
| DE102005032395.2 | 2005-07-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007006292A2 true WO2007006292A2 (de) | 2007-01-18 |
| WO2007006292A3 WO2007006292A3 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
Family
ID=37575393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE2006/001208 Ceased WO2007006292A2 (de) | 2005-07-12 | 2006-07-12 | Filtermedium für technische anwendungen und verfahren seiner herstellung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080308492A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1904210A2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2009500170A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102005032395A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007006292A2 (de) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2013203717B2 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2015-05-07 | Xyleco, Inc. | Processing biomass |
| EP2350386A4 (de) * | 2008-10-03 | 2015-08-12 | Filsen Pty Ltd | Verfahren zur herstellung von flächigem material |
| AU2015215953B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2016-11-17 | Filsen Pty Ltd | Method for manufacturing sheet material |
| US10287730B2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2019-05-14 | Xyleco, Inc. | Processing biomass |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090039018A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Jordi Howard C | Suspension homopolymerization of an isocyanurates |
| DE102008062952B4 (de) * | 2008-12-23 | 2014-03-20 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Filterelement in einem Kraftstofffilter |
| DE102009006584B4 (de) * | 2009-01-29 | 2011-06-01 | Neenah Gessner Gmbh | Ein- oder mehrlagiges Filtermaterial, Filterelement aus einem solchen Material und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102014211021A1 (de) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | Neenah Gessner Gmbh | Imprägnierte Filtermaterialien und daraus hergestellte Filterelemente |
| CN105951527B (zh) * | 2016-05-28 | 2017-09-22 | 杭州特种纸业有限公司 | 一种内燃机滤清器用滤纸及其制备方法 |
| FI130401B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2023-08-14 | Infinited Fiber Company Oy | Separation of polyester-cotton blends |
| CN113041717B (zh) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-04-19 | 美埃(中国)环境科技股份有限公司 | 一种光固化过滤元件及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2241384B1 (de) * | 1973-05-30 | 1976-06-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | |
| GR60807B (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1978-08-30 | Process Scient Innovation Ltd | Improvements in or relating to filters for liquids or gases |
| DE2933998C2 (de) * | 1979-08-22 | 1987-05-27 | Otto Dürr Anlagenbau GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines imprägnierten Papier- oder Vliessubstrats |
| DE3020333C2 (de) * | 1980-05-29 | 1983-12-29 | MD-Verwaltungsgesellschaft Nicolaus & Co-GmbH & Co KG, 8000 München | Verfahren zur Herstellung von porösem Papier |
| US5207871A (en) * | 1991-06-13 | 1993-05-04 | Dsm N.V. | Process for making transparent paper using a UV curable compositions of maleate, vinyl monomer and an allyl compound |
| EP0608575A1 (de) * | 1993-01-27 | 1994-08-03 | Dsm N.V. | Vom UV-Licht vernetzte Zusammensetzung ohne Lösungsmittel |
| DE19734941A1 (de) * | 1997-06-12 | 1998-12-24 | Wkp Wuerttembergische Kunststo | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Papier |
| NO20002632L (no) * | 1999-06-01 | 2000-12-04 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Herdbart behandlingsmiddel og herdebehandlingsprosess |
| EP1486244A1 (de) * | 2003-06-12 | 2004-12-15 | Mann + Hummel GmbH | Filterelement mit hydrophoben Eigenschaften |
| DE10338560A1 (de) * | 2003-08-22 | 2005-03-17 | Degussa Ag | Strahlenhärtbare Harze auf Basis hydrierter Keton- und Phenol-Aldehydharze und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
-
2005
- 2005-07-12 DE DE102005032395A patent/DE102005032395A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-07-12 DE DE112006002436T patent/DE112006002436A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-12 US US11/995,507 patent/US20080308492A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-12 JP JP2008520711A patent/JP2009500170A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-12 EP EP06761794A patent/EP1904210A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-07-12 WO PCT/DE2006/001208 patent/WO2007006292A2/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2013203717B2 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2015-05-07 | Xyleco, Inc. | Processing biomass |
| US10287730B2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2019-05-14 | Xyleco, Inc. | Processing biomass |
| US10704196B2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2020-07-07 | Xyleco, Inc. | Processing biomass |
| EP2350386A4 (de) * | 2008-10-03 | 2015-08-12 | Filsen Pty Ltd | Verfahren zur herstellung von flächigem material |
| AU2015215953B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2016-11-17 | Filsen Pty Ltd | Method for manufacturing sheet material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20080308492A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
| EP1904210A2 (de) | 2008-04-02 |
| JP2009500170A (ja) | 2009-01-08 |
| DE102005032395A1 (de) | 2007-01-25 |
| WO2007006292A3 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
| DE112006002436A5 (de) | 2008-06-19 |
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