WO2007015015A2 - Procede de c-alkylation de composes aromatiques hydroxyles. - Google Patents
Procede de c-alkylation de composes aromatiques hydroxyles. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007015015A2 WO2007015015A2 PCT/FR2006/001890 FR2006001890W WO2007015015A2 WO 2007015015 A2 WO2007015015 A2 WO 2007015015A2 FR 2006001890 W FR2006001890 W FR 2006001890W WO 2007015015 A2 WO2007015015 A2 WO 2007015015A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- process according
- compound
- aromatic
- acid catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCOc1ccccc1 Chemical compound CCOc1ccccc1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0271—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0231
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0215—Sulfur-containing compounds
- B01J31/0222—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonyl groups
- B01J31/0224—Sulfur-containing compounds comprising sulfonyl groups being perfluorinated, i.e. comprising at least one perfluorinated moiety as substructure in case of polyfunctional compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/16—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by condensation involving hydroxy groups of phenols or alcohols or the ether or mineral ester group derived therefrom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the C-alkylation of hydroxylated aromatic compounds having at least one hydrogen atom in the para position relative to the hydroxyl group.
- the subject of the invention is a selective C-alkylation process in the para position of a hydroxyl group of a hydroxyl aromatic compound.
- the invention relates more particularly to the preparation of 4-tert-butylcatechol.
- Part of this research relates to the use of acid catalysts to conduct a Friedel-Crafts reaction on these aromatic hydroxy compounds to increase the yield and / or selectivity.
- the catalysts used in the prior art can generate problems of environmental pollution.
- the object of the invention is to propose such a method.
- the subject of the present invention is a process for C-alkylation of a hydroxyl aromatic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the para position relative to the hydroxyl group, making it possible to improve the selectivity of the reaction in the para position characterized by the said hydroxyl aromatic compound is introduced in the presence of an acidic catalyst of formula (I) and a compound leading to the formation of a carbocation in the presence of the acid catalyst; said catalyst of formula (I) having the following formula:
- - A is a nitrogen atom (N) or carbon (C); n is 2 when A is a nitrogen atom, and n is 3 when A is a carbon atom;
- the present invention relates to a process for C-alkylation of a hydroxylated aromatic compound having at least one hydrogen atom in the para position of the hydroxyl group (and optionally other hydrogen atoms in the ortho or meta position), in which process this aromatic compound is placed in the presence of the aforementioned acid catalyst and a compound leading to the formation of a carbocation in the presence of the acid catalyst.
- the reaction of the invention is a Friedel-Crafts type reaction using a proton acid catalyst known as Brönsted.
- the present invention aims to obviate the disadvantages of existing processes by using an effective catalyst capable of leading to the desired products in satisfactory yield.
- the process according to the invention allows alkylation with increased regioselectivity of the para alkylation of the hydroxylated aromatic compound.
- alkylated aromatic hydroxy compounds obtained by the process according to the invention are of interest as such and for the production of other chemical compounds. Further details on some of these compounds can be found in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Volume 2, 4th ed., Alkylphenol, p. 113 and passim. These compounds or derivatives are especially used as nonionic surfactants, phenolic resins, antioxidants, additives for polymers, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.
- aromatic is used here in its classical notion as defined in the book by Jerry March, Advance Organic Chemistry, 4th edition, Ed. John Wiley and Sons, 1992.
- aromatic hydroxyl compound means a compound comprising at least one hydroxyl function on the aromatic ring. This compound may optionally be substituted.
- hydroxybenzene The starting aromatic hydroxy compound will hereinafter be referred to as "hydroxybenzene”. He may in particular have the formula (II): in which :
- n 0 to 4, in particular 0 or 1,
- n 0 to 4, especially 0 or 1, with n + m ⁇ 4, and
- hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be a saturated, linear or branched aliphatic group; a saturated or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic carbocyclic group; a sequence of the aforementioned groups,
- groups R may be linked so as to form, with the carbon atoms which carry them, a carbocycle or heterocycle having from 3 to 20 atoms, saturated, or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic, the groups R represent independently the one of the other:
- halogen atom preferably Cl, Br or F
- R may represent a linear or branched saturated aliphatic group. More precisely, R preferably represents a saturated acyclic aliphatic group, linear or branched, preferably C 1 to C 2 , and even more preferably C 1 to C 4 .
- the hydrocarbon chain may be optionally interrupted by a heteroatom (for example, oxygen, sulfur, or substituted nitrogen) or by a functional group to the extent that it does not react and there may be mentioned in particular a group such as in particular -CO-.
- the hydrocarbon chain may optionally carry one or more substituents (for example, halogen, preferably chlorine or fluorine, ester) insofar as they do not interfere.
- substituents for example, halogen, preferably chlorine or fluorine, ester
- the acyclic aliphatic group, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched may optionally carry a cyclic substituent.
- ring is meant a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic.
- the acyclic aliphatic group may be linked to the ring by a valency bond, a heteroatom or a functional group such as oxy, carbonyl, carboxyl, sulfonyl, etc.
- cyclic substituents it is possible to envisage cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic, in particular cycloaliphatic, substituents comprising 6 carbon atoms in the ring or benzenes, these cyclic substituents being themselves optionally carrying any substituent insofar as they do not do not interfere with the reactions involved in the process of the invention.
- C 1 -C 4 alkyl, alkoxy groups may be mentioned.
- the group R may also represent, independently of one another, a saturated carbocyclic group, generally C 3 to C 8 , preferably 6 carbon atoms in the ring; said cycle being substitutable.
- Preferred examples of this type of group include cyclohexyl groups optionally substituted, especially with linear or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the group R may represent an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, generally C 4 to C 12, monocyclic or polycyclic with rings that can form between them ortho-condensed, ortho- and peri-condensed systems. Mention may be made more particularly of a phenyl or naphthyl group.
- any substituent may be present to the extent that it does not interfere with the reaction.
- two groups R placed on two neighboring carbon atoms may together form and with the carbon atoms which carry them an optionally substituted carbocycle or heterocycle having from 3 to 20 atoms, saturated or aromatic, monocyclic or polycyclic. It is thus possible to use, in the context of the invention, compounds comprising several aromatic rings, in particular from 1 to 3, each cycle generally comprising 5 or 6 atoms.
- One or more (usually two) carbon atoms may be replaced by an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom.
- the two R groups form a benzene ring.
- halogen atom preferably a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, an alkyl group, substituted with one or more halogen atoms, linear or branched, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a trifluoromethyl group,
- an aryl group preferably, a phenyl group or a cycloalkyl group, more preferably a cyclohexyl group, an aralkyl group, preferably benzyl.
- the process of the invention is particularly applicable to hydroxylated aromatic compounds of formula (II) wherein m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1, and R is a linear or branched alkyl group, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl or octyl; a cycloalkyl group, such as cyclohexyl; an aryl group, such as phenyl; an aralkyl group, such as benzyl.
- hydroxylated aromatic compounds starting from the invention there may be mentioned for example: phenol, catechol, o- and m-cresol, resorcinol, xylenol, and pyrogallol.
- hydroxylated and alkylated aromatic compounds obtained by the process according to the invention there may be mentioned in particular: 4-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-amylphenol, 4-dodecylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol , the 2,4-di-tert-amylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 4-tert-butylcatechol, 4-octylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butyl-paracresol.
- the compound leading to the formation of a carbocation acts as an alkylating agent.
- carbocation formation it is necessary to understand carbocation formation with or without the possibility of rearrangement.
- This agent makes it possible in particular to replace a hydrogen atom of the aromatic compound with an alkyl, (poly) cycloalkyl or aralkyl group.
- the compounds capable of forming a carbocation in the presence of the acid catalyst are preferably chosen from the group comprising: a) olefinic compounds of at least 3 carbon atoms, in particular from 3 to 30 carbon atoms; (b) secondary and tertiary alcohols; c) ethers and amines having at least one secondary or tertiary group; it may be in particular symmetrical or asymmetrical ethers or amines having at least one secondary or tertiary alkyl group connected to the heteroatom (O or N); and d) alkyl or aralkyl halides, such as bromide or alkyl chloride.
- the olefinic compound may be a linear or branched unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon comprising at least one double bond, preferably in the ⁇ position.
- the number of carbon atoms can be very variable. It is preferably between 3 and 30 carbon atoms.
- Particularly preferred are isobutene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentene, octene, dicyclopentadiene, nonene, dodecadecene.
- the olefinic compound may also be a monocyclic, carbocyclic, unsaturated hydrocarbon, or a polycyclic hydrocarbon comprising at least two carbocycles, which may have one or more ring heteroatoms and exhibiting at least one endocyclic or exocyclic unsaturation. There may be presence in the cycle of 1 to 2 unsaturations. It should be noted that the double bond can also be exocyclic. When it is a monocyclic hydrocarbon, the number of carbon atoms in the ring can vary widely from 4 to 20 carbon atoms but is preferably 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon can also be polycyclic, preferably bicyclic, which means that minus two cycles have two carbon atoms in common.
- the carbon condensation of each ring is lower, generally from 3 to 8, and is preferably 5 or 6 carbon atoms.
- any cycle may carry one or more substituents.
- the number of substituents present on the ring depends on the carbon condensation of the ring and the presence or absence of unsaturation on the ring.
- the maximum number of substituents which can be carried on a ring is readily determined by those skilled in the art. Generally, the number of substituents present on a ring is 1, 2 or 3.
- the examples of substituents given for R are suitable but this list is not limiting in nature. Alkyl groups are most often the preferred substituents.
- the olefinic compound may also be a terpene compound.
- groups (b) and (c) ie. secondary or tertiary groups of alcohols, ethers and amines, it may be in particular groups having from 3 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally with rings and heteroatoms, especially as has been said about the groups of olefinic compounds.
- tertiary alcohol mention may be made of tert-butanol, such as ether, methyltertiobutyl ether (MTBE) and, as amine, N-methylterbutylamine.
- the carbocation source compound will preferably be used in a proportion of from 0.01 to 50 equivalents, preferably from 0.1 to 10 equivalents, for 1 equivalent of hydroxylated aromatic compound.
- the carbocation source compounds will be chosen, as is known per se, depending on the end product sought.
- A is a nitrogen atom, n is 2 and X is a fluorine atom (F).
- the acid catalyst of the invention is easily separable, for example by distillation or by extraction of the phenolic medium with a polar solvent, such as water.
- the acidic catalyst of the invention also has the advantage of being soluble under the conditions of the reaction.
- the reaction can be conducted in the liquid phase or biphasically (liquid / gas).
- the reaction may be conducted at atmospheric pressure, at a higher or lower pressure. It can also work in an open or closed enclosure, such as an autoclave or a sealed tube. It can especially work under inert gas, such as nitrogen, or under the atmosphere of the alkylating agent if it is in gaseous form.
- reaction may be carried out in a temperature range from -30 ° C. to 250 ° C., in particular from room temperature (between 15 ° C. and 25 ° C.) up to about 120 ° C.
- the reaction according to the invention can be carried out in the absence or in the presence of an organic solvent.
- the chosen solvent must be inert under the reaction conditions. In the rest of the present description, the solvent designates both a single compound and a mixture.
- aprotic solvents aromatic compounds and ionic liquids (salts whose melting point is below 100 ° C.) are particularly preferred.
- the alkylated phenols are especially soluble in a large number of organic polar solvents, such as alcohols, in particular of low molecular weight, ketones, esters, and carboxylic acids.
- the solvents envisaged are in particular toluene, xylene and dichlorobenzene.
- ionic liquid solvents mention may be made of the salts whose cation is an alkyl or dialkyl imidazolium or an alkyl pyridinium and the anion, PF 6 ' , CF 3 SO 3 ' , BF 4 " or (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N " .
- the process of the invention can be carried out batchwise or continuously. It is for example possible to mix all the compounds of the reaction and then add the acid catalyst to start the alkylation reaction.
- the starting aromatic hydroxyl compound and the catalyst are charged with stirring, the mixture is preferably brought to the desired reaction temperature, and then the compound which leads to the formation of a reaction mixture is added.
- carbocation in the presence of the acid catalyst
- Said compound leading to the formation of a carbocation can be added to the mixture directly, by casting (in the case of a liquid) or by gas injection (in the case of a gas), or by successive addition.
- the reaction time may vary depending on the reaction conditions, including temperature, and constituents.
- the reaction can be stopped, in particular by adding a base to neutralize the acid catalyst, or by adding water to extract the acid catalyst.
- the alkylated aromatic hydroxy compound of interest of the invention may then be recovered for example by distillation, extraction, crystallization or precipitation.
- the reaction is complete after 180 min instead of 00 min for the others.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06794281A EP1910256A2 (fr) | 2005-08-04 | 2006-08-03 | Procede de c-alkylation de composes aromatiques hydroxyles. |
| JP2008524546A JP2009503038A (ja) | 2005-08-04 | 2006-08-03 | ヒドロキシル芳香族化合物のc−アルキル化方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0508344 | 2005-08-04 | ||
| FR0508344A FR2889519B1 (fr) | 2005-08-04 | 2005-08-04 | Procede de c-alkylation de composes aromatiques hydroxyles avec un catalyseur de type tfsih |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007015015A2 true WO2007015015A2 (fr) | 2007-02-08 |
| WO2007015015A3 WO2007015015A3 (fr) | 2007-04-12 |
Family
ID=36581630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2006/001890 Ceased WO2007015015A2 (fr) | 2005-08-04 | 2006-08-03 | Procede de c-alkylation de composes aromatiques hydroxyles. |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1910256A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2009503038A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101203474A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2889519B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007015015A2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112079690A (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-15 | 西安石油大学 | 一种用于2,4/2,5-二甲酚的烷基化反应装置及方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5716291B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-27 | 2015-05-13 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 含フッ素レジスト用モノマー類の製造方法 |
| CN102643170A (zh) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-08-22 | 河北工业大学 | 一种用含离子液体的混酸催化体系合成对叔丁基邻苯二酚的方法 |
| JP6083643B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-13 | 2017-02-22 | 国立大学法人 鹿児島大学 | シルセスキオキサン構造を有するイオン液体及びその製造方法 |
| JP6034750B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-31 | 2016-11-30 | 三井化学株式会社 | パラデシルフェノール |
| CN109721473B (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2022-02-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种制备邻甲酚的方法 |
| WO2021072497A1 (fr) * | 2019-10-16 | 2021-04-22 | Relectrify Holdings Pty | Ensemble électronique |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5908939A (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 1999-06-01 | Roche Vitamins Inc. | Method of making D,L-A-tocopherol |
| US6664380B1 (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2003-12-16 | The Institute Of Applied Catalysis | Perfluorosulfonylmethide compounds; use thereof for carbon-carbon bond formation |
| EP1370508A2 (fr) * | 2001-03-12 | 2003-12-17 | The Queen's University of Belfast | Procede catalyse par des composes bis-triflimides |
-
2005
- 2005-08-04 FR FR0508344A patent/FR2889519B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-08-03 EP EP06794281A patent/EP1910256A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-03 JP JP2008524546A patent/JP2009503038A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-08-03 CN CN 200680022161 patent/CN101203474A/zh active Pending
- 2006-08-03 WO PCT/FR2006/001890 patent/WO2007015015A2/fr not_active Ceased
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112079690A (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-15 | 西安石油大学 | 一种用于2,4/2,5-二甲酚的烷基化反应装置及方法 |
| CN112079690B (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2023-03-10 | 西安石油大学 | 一种用于2,4/2,5-二甲酚的烷基化反应装置及方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007015015A3 (fr) | 2007-04-12 |
| FR2889519B1 (fr) | 2008-07-11 |
| EP1910256A2 (fr) | 2008-04-16 |
| CN101203474A (zh) | 2008-06-18 |
| FR2889519A1 (fr) | 2007-02-09 |
| JP2009503038A (ja) | 2009-01-29 |
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