WO2007042002A2 - Procede de production de materiaux ou articles polycristallins a grains fins et matrice associee - Google Patents

Procede de production de materiaux ou articles polycristallins a grains fins et matrice associee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007042002A2
WO2007042002A2 PCT/DE2006/001778 DE2006001778W WO2007042002A2 WO 2007042002 A2 WO2007042002 A2 WO 2007042002A2 DE 2006001778 W DE2006001778 W DE 2006001778W WO 2007042002 A2 WO2007042002 A2 WO 2007042002A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
die
pressing
channel
press
die according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE2006/001778
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007042002A3 (fr
Inventor
Juri Estrin
Hans Ferkel
Ralph Jörg HELLMIG
Torbjorn Lamark
Mikhail V. Popov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Clausthal
Original Assignee
Technische Universitaet Clausthal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Clausthal filed Critical Technische Universitaet Clausthal
Publication of WO2007042002A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007042002A2/fr
Publication of WO2007042002A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007042002A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/001—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion to improve the material properties, e.g. lateral extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/02—Dies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing fine-grained, polycrystalline materials or workpieces, wherein the material is pressed under application of a pressing force by a pressing tool and shear deformation by a die and thereby deflected, wherein the material occupies a pressing direction, from the direction of deviates from the pressing force exerted pressing force.
  • the invention also relates to a die for an extrusion die.
  • Extrusion is known from the prior art, which is a push-through method in which a block completely enclosed by a pick-up is pressed by a die with the aid of the action of pressure. Strands of different cross-sectional shapes are produced in particular as a semi-finished product. Preferred materials are aluminum and copper alloys, alternatively steel or titanium are used. In principle, it is possible to extrude all polycrystalline materials. In general, the block is pressed from the starting material in a straight line from the pressing tool, such as a punch or mandrel, through the mold-forming die in order to obtain the desired profile as quickly and easily as possible.
  • the pressing tool such as a punch or mandrel
  • the thereby achievable, ultrafine-grain microstructure within the material or workpiece leads to a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of materials treated in this way.
  • the yield strength of the material can be significantly increased, depending on the process conditions and subsequent heat treatment even with the same or better ductility. In some cases even superplastic properties can be set.
  • the finer grain structure also has an accelerating effect on diffusion-dependent sizes. Not only diffusion kinetics, such as plasma nitriding of steel or hydrogen storage in Mg alloys, but also precipitation processes in alloys are accelerated.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structure of a refinement device known from the prior art, with a pressing die on which a pressing force is applied, which is passed on to a specimen which is shear-deformed via an angularly arranged outlet channel.
  • a disadvantage of such a construction is the fact that the workpiece or the material of the press die must be removed and repeatedly pressed when a higher shear deformation is required. Due to the discontinuous operation, industrial applicability of such a method is not possible. When higher process temperatures are achieved in the conventional process, sampling may result in recrystallization events within the sample if it is not removed from the exit channel fast enough.
  • Object of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages described above and to provide a method and a die, with which a property improvement of the material is achieved during the fürdrückmaschines.
  • the inventive method ⁇ ur production of fine-grained, polycrystalline materials or workpieces, wherein the material is pressed under application of a pressing force by a pressing tool and shear deformation by a die and thereby deflected, wherein the material occupies a pressing direction, from the direction of the Deviating pressing force exerted pressing tool, provides that a multiple deflection of the material is performed within the die during a pressing operation.
  • the multiple shearing and accumulation of shearing strains within the material during a single push-through or extrusion operation achieves a high degree of refinement during a bar press or push-through operation, which represents a significant improvement in process duration and industrial applicability.
  • the multiple deflection within the die creates a strong counterpressure in the die, so that the material or the strand is under a high, hydrostatic pressure during pressing, resulting in a more homogeneous microstructure of the deformed material.
  • a development of the invention provides that the material is pressed while maintaining its cross-section of origin through the die. This is particularly desirable when a material strand without special profiling to be produced for further processing. If a re-clamping of the material is to be avoided as a block in an extrusion press, it is provided that the material is formed shaping at the die exit, that is already finished as a profile or semi-finished.
  • the matrix can be heated or cooled.
  • the accumulation of shearing strains has proven particularly effective and simple if the material is deflected several times, that is, twice or more at right angles.
  • the deflection directions can be chosen so that the most uniform grain refining occurs within the material or workpiece, for example, by a three-dimensional meander structure arranged in space.
  • the die according to the invention for an extrusion tool with a press channel which repeatedly deflects the material during pressing has, in contrast to flat dies, an elongated press channel which completely surrounds the material and allows a high, hydrostatic pressure load on the workpiece or the material.
  • This press channel is preferably multi-angular, in particular bent at right angles and in one embodiment has a constant cross-section. Only at the deflection or kinks that are discontinuous, so not rounded, it comes to cross-sectional changes, preferably perpendicular to the respective pressing direction.
  • a development of the invention provides that the die is designed in several parts and has an input and an output in each female part, wherein at the transition from input to output of the die parts of the profile of the pressing channel angularly, in particular at right angles, is changed.
  • a particularly simple embodiment of the die provides that in a multi-part embodiment in a die part, a pressing channel is incorporated, which is open at the front and is closed by a frontally adjacent other female part. This allows easy production of the die whose press channel is closed only by the assembly with another die part, which is frontally applied to the open press channel. This makes it possible to easily achieve a rectangular deflection of the material within a female part by branching off a closed channel from the frontally open press channel.
  • This closed channel can be worked out by the usual production methods for matrices.
  • a multi-part die with a press channel which causes a multiple angular deflection of the pressed strand possible and provided.
  • the respective segments or parts are then assembled into a matrix, the contour and the course of the pressing channel being determined by the arrangement of the parts relative to one another and the channels present in the parts or formed by the parts.
  • the individual die parts are combined and held in a holder, wherein the holder may be formed, for example, as a steel jacket.
  • a reducer Before the actual press channel, a reducer can be arranged and formed in the die.
  • the reducer may have a round cross section and form the material into a press channel having a round or square cross section. In principle, other cross-sectional geometries are possible.
  • a shape-forming profile tool is arranged or formed at the outlet of the press channel.
  • Channels can contain channels be formed, which introduce lubricant or coolant in the pressure channel under high pressure.
  • Figure 1 - a schematic representation of a device for grain refining according to the prior art
  • Figure 2 - a perspective view of a multi-part die
  • Figure 3 an illustration of Figure 2 in the rotated position.
  • a device for grain refining in which a pressing force F is exerted on a material or a material sample 2 via a punch 1.
  • the sample 2 is located in a press channel 4 of a die 3 and is pressed by the angled press channel 4. In this case, the sample 2 undergoes a high degree of plastic shear deformation.
  • the cross section of the pressing tool 1 corresponds to the cross section at the outlet of the pressing channel 4. Over the entire length of the pressing channel 4 in the die 3, the cross section does not change.
  • FIG. 2 shows a die 10 according to the invention, which consists of four die parts 11, 12, 13, 14.
  • a receptacle 111 with a round, tapered, adjoining reduction piece 112 is first shown.
  • a press tool such as a press die o. The like.
  • a press channel 20 follows, which has a square cross-section in the present embodiment. In principle, other cross-sectional geometries are possible.
  • the pressing channel 20 of the first female part 11 terminates at the end, where it immediately adjoins the pressing channel 22 within the second female part 12.
  • the pressing channel 22 of the second female part 12 is rectilinear.
  • a three-sided closed channel is formed in the third female part 13 facing the second female part 12, which is closed at the end by the second female part 12 and forms a further section 23 of the press channel.
  • the first perpendicular deflection takes place perpendicular to the pressing direction and application of the pressing force by the tool.
  • a further deflection of the material due to the pressure force and the kinking shape of the pressing channel takes place again parallel to the pressing force applied by the pressing tool.
  • the last female part 14 is constructed analogously to the penultimate female part 13, also with an angularly bending press channel 24.
  • a cross section may be present, which corresponds to the cross section of the first female part 11.
  • they can also have another, for example, block-like shape.
  • the die 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a rectangular pressing channel 20, 22, 23, 24, which corresponds to a repeated pressing and turning of the sample according to FIG.
  • the die 10 constructed of several parts 11, 12, 13, 14 can be extended or shortened as desired and can be attached to a recipient of a conventional extrusion press.
  • the material to be pressed is then pressed as a strand through the entire pressing channel course in the die 10, wherein it is sheared several times, so that in a press pass a strong accumulation of shear strain in different directions and a correspondingly high degree of refinement occurs.
  • the high back pressure within the die 10 produces a high hydrostatic pressure for a homogeneous microstructure of the final deformed material.
  • FIG. 3 shows the integration of a die 10 according to FIG. 2 into a strand process.
  • a receptacle 15 is provided for the material block.
  • the upstream reducer 112 reduces during the process the workpiece block to the corresponding dimensions of the die 10 and the press channel within the die 10, respectively, before the material or the press strand is formed in the multiple die.
  • the die 10 can be heated directly in the recipient on the extrusion press and is therefore also well suited for forming hexagonal materials such as magnesium or magnesium alloys. This method is also suitable for other materials such as steels, aluminum or aluminum alloys.
  • a part of the extruder with the corresponding block diameter can be seen, which also corresponds to the bolt diameter of the pressing tool.
  • the die 10 may be completely enclosed in a steel jacket 30 so that the die does not open during the pressing process.
  • a forming tail can be formed or used. Instead of an end piece can be formed in the end wall of the sheath 30, only one outlet opening for the multi-formed material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de production de matériaux ou articles polycristallins à grains fins, selon lequel le matériau est comprimé, sous l'effet d'une force de pression exercée par un outil de compression et d'une déformation par cisaillement, à travers une matrice (10) dans laquelle ledit matériau est dévié, ce matériau prenant une direction de compression qui s'écarte de la direction de la force de pression exercée par l'outil de compression. On obtient ainsi plusieurs changements de direction du matériau à l'intérieur de la matrice. La présente invention concerne également une matrice (10) pour une filière de boudineuse pourvue d'un canal de compression qui dévie le matériau à plusieurs reprises pendant l'extrusion.
PCT/DE2006/001778 2005-10-12 2006-10-10 Procede de production de materiaux ou articles polycristallins a grains fins et matrice associee Ceased WO2007042002A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510049369 DE102005049369B4 (de) 2005-10-12 2005-10-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung feinkörniger, polykristalliner Werkstoffe oder Werkstücke sowie Strangpressanlage
DE102005049369.6 2005-10-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007042002A2 true WO2007042002A2 (fr) 2007-04-19
WO2007042002A3 WO2007042002A3 (fr) 2007-06-07

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PCT/DE2006/001778 Ceased WO2007042002A2 (fr) 2005-10-12 2006-10-10 Procede de production de materiaux ou articles polycristallins a grains fins et matrice associee

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Country Link
DE (1) DE102005049369B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007042002A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112264473A (zh) * 2020-08-24 2021-01-26 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 一种制备高化学活性金属细晶和超细晶材料的装置及方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006057762A1 (de) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-19 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kopfschrauben
DE102008033027B4 (de) * 2008-07-14 2010-06-10 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren zur Erhöhung von Festigkeit und Verformbarkeit von ausscheidungshärtbaren Werkstoffen
DE102009050543B3 (de) 2009-10-23 2011-05-26 Peter Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing. Groche Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von feinkörnigen, polykristallinen Werkstoffen oder Werkstücken aus länglichen oder rohrförmigen Halbzeugen
DE102013012584A1 (de) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Daimler Ag Verfahren zum Fügen eines Leichtmetall-Einsatzes in ein Leichtmetall-Bauteil und Anordnung
DE102013012585A1 (de) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 Daimler Ag Verfahren zur Umformung eines Leichtmetall-Halbzeugs
DE102015107308B4 (de) 2015-05-11 2017-10-19 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Verfahren zum Strangpressen, Strangpressvorrichtung sowie Strangpresswerkzeug
CN114309112B (zh) * 2021-12-30 2024-03-19 福州大学 一种新型Bc等径角挤压模具

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EP0367716A1 (fr) * 1988-10-31 1990-05-09 Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag Procédé de fabrication continue d'un profilé extrudé
JP2003245712A (ja) * 2002-02-26 2003-09-02 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 押出加工用金型、微細組織金属材料の製造装置、及び微細組織金属材料の製造方法
US6912885B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2005-07-05 The Boeing Company Method of preparing ultra-fine grain metallic articles and metallic articles prepared thereby
JP2004285429A (ja) * 2003-03-24 2004-10-14 Ykk Corp 押出材の製造方法及び装置
US7191630B2 (en) * 2003-07-25 2007-03-20 Engineered Performance Materials Co., Llc Method and apparatus for equal channel angular extrusion of flat billets
FR2859928B1 (fr) * 2003-09-18 2006-12-08 Commissariat Energie Atomique Outillage d'ecrouissage pour une piece lineaire
GB0323541D0 (en) * 2003-10-08 2003-11-12 Univ Strathclyde A method of treating a metal billet
GB0506091D0 (en) * 2005-03-24 2005-05-04 Univ Strathclyde Severe plastic deformation of metals

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112264473A (zh) * 2020-08-24 2021-01-26 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 一种制备高化学活性金属细晶和超细晶材料的装置及方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE102005049369A1 (de) 2007-04-19
DE102005049369B4 (de) 2008-11-20
WO2007042002A3 (fr) 2007-06-07

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