WO2007059618A1 - Chauffe-eau a micro-ondes a debit continu commande en fonction des besoins - Google Patents

Chauffe-eau a micro-ondes a debit continu commande en fonction des besoins Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007059618A1
WO2007059618A1 PCT/CA2006/001917 CA2006001917W WO2007059618A1 WO 2007059618 A1 WO2007059618 A1 WO 2007059618A1 CA 2006001917 W CA2006001917 W CA 2006001917W WO 2007059618 A1 WO2007059618 A1 WO 2007059618A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heating chamber
heater system
microwave generator
water heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2006/001917
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert Simoneau
Pascal-Simon Houle
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of WO2007059618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007059618A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
    • H05B6/806—Apparatus for specific applications for laboratory use

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to water heater systems and, more particularly, to a system for producing a continuous supply of heated water m an energy-efficient manner for domestic and commercial use.
  • a storage tank system is essentially a large reservoir containing a heating element and a thermostat that regulates the maximum temperature of the water. Water is introduced into the reservoir where a submersed heating element is energized until the thermostat reads that the water has attained the desired temperature. Once it has done so, the heating element turns off.
  • a conventional tankless system does not use a reservoir. Water is heated as and when needed by using gas-powered heaters or resistive electric elements. The sustained volume of hot water required by the consumer for the purpose of conducting simultaneous domestic hot water applications, such as showering and dishwashing, is not possible with existing electric tankless systems. This would necessitate the modification of consumer behaviour (perform one hot water related task at a time) , or the costly alternative of installing multiple tankless devices at various points of use, something that is undesirable for both the consumer and the industry.
  • the amount of power required to heat the water is directly related to the size and thermal insulation of the storage tank, the type and efficiency of the heating element and associated control circuitry, and the actual quantity of hot water consumed. At no time can the volume of use of hot water exceed the actual capacity of the storage tank.
  • tankless water heaters are not widely considered as viable alternatives to storage units due primarily to the extreme variances in inlet water temperature induced by the changes m seasons and weather. Consequently, the described deficiencies of conventional storage systems apply m almost all circumstances, as tankless systems are often disregarded as an alternative.
  • a conventional hot water tank not only requires a considerable amount of space but, in addition, the temperature of the water that has been heated and stored is by definition inconsistent due to the fact that, as water is being utilized and new cold water is entering the water tank, the average temperature of the water contained within the tank decreases as the amount of hot water remaining decreases m proportion to the amount of cold water entering the tank .
  • U.S. Patents No. 6,606,452 issued to Came on August 12, 2003, and No. 6,410,886, issued to Julien on June 25, 2002 relate to the reduction or elimination of premature water heater failure resulting from, amongst other things, impurities contained within the water and prolonged periods of disuse .
  • a water heater system comprising: a heating chamber positioned between a water source and a water outlet; an operation controller detecting a demand for water from the water outlet; and a microwave generator connected to the controller to be actuated as a function of the demand for water from the water outlet so as to heat the water passing through the heating chamber by microwave generation.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a water heater system used m association with a water source, constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a graph illustrating a dielectric relaxation time of supercooled water
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of a flow inducer of the water heater system of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a magnetron of a microwave generator of the water heater system of Fig. 1.
  • a water heater system in association with a water supply system is generally shown at 10.
  • the water supply system typically has a water source 12 providing pressurized water to a water outlet 14.
  • a cold water tap 16 is handled to regulate the outlet of cold water through the water outlet 14.
  • the water heater system 10 supplies hot water to the water outlet 14, such that water of a selected temperature is supplied as a function of the actuation of the cold water tap 16 and a hot water tap 20. It is pointed out that, although illustrated as being interrelated m Fig. 1, the cold water tap 16 and the hot water tap 20 may have independent water outlets 14.
  • the hot water tap 20 is part of the water heater system 10. More specifically, the hot water tap 20 controls the flow of a hot water supply from the heating chamber 22.
  • the heating chamber 22 is typically a pipe in which the cold water supplied by the water source 12 will be heated to a suitable temperature. Therefore, as illustrated m Fig. 1, the water source 12 is in fluid communication with the heating chamber 22 so as to supply cold water thereto.
  • a microwave generator 24 is provided m association with the heating chamber 22, so as to heat the water that is m the heating chamber 22.
  • the microwave generator 24 is a source of microwaves, and is typically a magnetron.
  • the unwanted byproduct of a magnetron is in the form of heat, which is a reason why microwave ovens are equipped with fans to cool the magnetron. It is, therefore, considered to recuperate this lost heat by cooling the magnetron with the water to be heated, so as to further heat the water through thermal transfer.
  • the heat -exchange configuration 26 therefore increases the efficiency of the microwave generator 24.
  • Fig. 4 the microwave generator 24 having a heat-exchange configuration 26 is illustrated. It is pointed that all necessary precautions are taken in order to avoid electrical hazards when directing water for heat exchange with the magnetron.
  • a method used m microwave ovens to compensate for non-uniform heating is to place a temperature- sensing probe into the item to be heated. By measuring the centre of the item, it is theoretically assured that the coolest part of the item will be at the correct temperature .
  • This depth is determined by the concentration of water in the item being heated, initial temperature of the item and the frequency of the magnetron being used. Leaving the item in the microwave item for an extended period of time may result m the entire item becoming warm or hot, but this is only as a result of thermal transfer of heat emanating from the periphery of the heated object as it is conducted throughout the object (thermal transfer) eventually reaching the centre .
  • Anomalous dielectric behaviour of water is found over a range of microwave frequencies between about 2 and 100 GHz, whereby the real (e 1 ) and/or the imaginary (e ⁇ ⁇ ) part of the complex dielectric constant increase then decrease with increasing temperature. Examples at two close frequencies for liquid (including supercooled) water are shown m Fig. 2. This may be understood by noting the shifts with temperature of the maximum frequency of microwave absorption and the dielectric permittivity.
  • magnetrons are quite directional m nature, it is difficult to disperse the microwave energy evenly. A relative movement is therefore induced in the element to be heated. For instance, m microwave ovens, a plate holding the item to be heated is rotated to compensate for the directionality of magnetrons.
  • the principle used is that changing the position of the item in relation to the microwave energy field will compensate for the directionality of the microwave energy.
  • Attenuation electromagnetic penetration is infinite in a perfectly transparent substance and zero in reflective material ⁇ e.g., metals) . At the microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz, most energy is absorbed by water.
  • the attenuation (a) is given by:
  • P 27rfe 0 LfE 2
  • e 0 8.854 x 10 12 F m 1
  • E the potential gradient (V m 1 ).
  • the heating chamber 22 is provided with a specific architecture. For instance, an S-shaped architecture is given to the internal cage of the heating chamber 22 and performs two functions. Firstly, the architecture allows for a sufficient delay for the water to be processed, i.e. enter cold and exit hot.
  • the relative position of the water contained within the tube of the heating chamber 22 forming the S-shaped architecture changes as it flows, so that the exposed portion of the water varies from one pass to the next, where a "pass” is defined as exposure to the magnetron (s) array (s) .
  • a flow-mducer 28 is in fluid communication with the water of the heating chamber 22, so as to create a mixing action m the heating chamber 22 to enable a generally uniform temperature distribution in the heating chamber 22.
  • the flow inducer 28 is a passive impeller contained within the tube, as illustrated m Fig. 3, serving to reorient or mix the water prior to entering each pass of the heating chamber 22.
  • an operation controller 30 is provided so as to control these electrically powered devices.
  • the operation controller 30 is connected to the hot water tap 20, so as to sense a demand for hot water.
  • the operation controller 30 has pressure sensors to detect any pressure drop in the piping relating the heating chamber 22 to the hot water tap 20.
  • the operation controller 30 uses limit switches on the tap 20 to identify a demand for hot water. Therefore, the operation controller 30 senses that hot water is demanded, whereby it actuates the microwave generator 24 that will create the microwave energy. The microwave energy will heat the water m the heating chamber 22, whereby hot water exiting the heating chamber 22 will be supplied through the hot water tap 20 to the water outlet 14, whether or not it is mixed with the cold water passing through the cold water tap 16.
  • a water-saving device 32 is optionally provided between the heating chamber 22 and the hot water tap 20. More specifically, the water-saving device 32 is typically at least slowing down the supply of hot water through the hot water tap 20, so as to avoid a waste of water. More specifically, it is known that when a hot water tap 20 is just opened, the water m the piping leading to the hot water tap 20 may be cold. Accordingly, as the heating chamber 22 is in proximity to the hot water tap 20, the water saving device 32 is used to delay the delivery of water, so as to enable the water in the heating chamber 20 to be heated up to suitable temperature.
  • the operation controller 30 is connected to the water-saving device 32, so as to ensure that the water-saving device 32 is operative to delay the supply of hot water.
  • the system 10 takes up considerably less space than a Standard storage tank, resulting in cost- effectiveness from a real-estate standpoint. Accordingly, the system 10 may be positioned closer to the outlets (e.g., tap 20), to reduce the amount of piping in which hot water loses its heat. The water does not sit stagnant and at high temperatures, thus eliminating the risk of breeding bacteria and disease. With the system 10, a generally constant temperature of water supplied is provided regardless of the quantity of water used, as new cold water is not mixed with a reservoir of heated water. A virtually unlimited supply of hot water is readily available and, depending upon plumbing architecture, the delay between the opening of the tap 20 and the delivery of hot water is minimized.
  • the system 10 may be located as a replacement to existing water heaters (at a central point in the plumbing system, i.e. "point of entry") or, as an alternate, one or several smaller units may be placed at various points of use.
  • This configuration would reduce the installation cost of existing plumbing systems as only one cold water feed would be required to the point of use versus the present storage tank configurations for which separate cold and hot water pipes run to each point of use. In addition, this would result m a quick and ready supply of heated water at the point of use, as well as reduce installation time and handling costs associated with storage-type water heaters.
  • the system 10 is ideally suited for and may also be used at the point of use to superheat water that is required by a specific household or commercial device such as a dishwasher, thus improving the performance of the appliance.
  • the appliance output 34 provides water at another preset temperature (e.g., through the action of the operation controller 30 sensing a demand through the appliance outlet 34, generally m excess of the temperature used at the primary output of the hot water tap 20. Either temperature may be regulated independently by a manual temperature regulator associated with the tap 20. One or a plurality of flow sensors and temperature sensors may be employed in such a feedback loop.
  • the system 10 will fit comfortably in the trunk of a car and represents a negligible weight when compared to a storage tank. The impact to the construction professional will be reduced costs associated with storage and installation on this particular product type and, of course, cost and energy savings relating to the transportation due to its size and weight .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de chauffe-eau (10) comprenant un générateur de micro-ondes (24) conçu pour chauffer de l'eau dans une chambre (22) alimentée à partir d'une source d'eau (12) et pour évacuer de l'eau chaude au niveau d'une sortie d'eau (14). Un contrôleur de fonctionnement (30) capte une demande à la sortie (14) et commande le générateur de micro-ondes (24) de façon correspondante. L'eau à chauffer peut être préchauffée par un contact de conduction avec le magnétron ou d'autres parties du générateur de micro-ondes afin d'atteindre l'objectif secondaire de refroidissement. Le générateur de micro-ondes (24) peut comprendre plusieurs magnétrons fonctionnant à des fréquences différentes. Il est également prévu de retarder la sortie d'eau chaude jusqu'à ce qu'une température souhaitée soit atteinte et plusieurs sorties d'eau chaude peuvent être mises en oeuvre. Le système permet de faire coïncider l'alimentation en eau chaude avec les besoins d'appareils particuliers qui sont reliés au système. Des systèmes de circulation permettent de maintenir des températures d'eau chaude uniformes. Les besoins sont détectés suite à l'activation d'un robinet ou de capteurs de pression ou de température. Le système, bien qu'impliquant un stockage limité sous forme d'une chambre de chauffage, est conçu pour être utilisé comme un chauffe-eau à débit continu.
PCT/CA2006/001917 2005-11-22 2006-11-22 Chauffe-eau a micro-ondes a debit continu commande en fonction des besoins Ceased WO2007059618A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73859505P 2005-11-22 2005-11-22
US60/738,595 2005-11-22

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WO2007059618A1 true WO2007059618A1 (fr) 2007-05-31

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102434958A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2012-05-02 苏州嘉言能源设备有限公司 混合式微波热水器
WO2013155286A1 (fr) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Bravo Vincent A Système de chauffage à l'énergie électromagnétique
CN105407560A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-03-16 浙江鼎元电器有限公司 一种浸入式水循环低温慢煮机
US9784472B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2017-10-10 International Business Machines Corporation Managing hot water delivery
CN108120012A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 一种微波热液系统、热水器系统及水暖系统
GB2605213A (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-09-28 Octopus Energy Group Ltd methods and systems and apparatus to support reduced energy and water usage
CN115978785A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-04-18 四川大学 一种同轴开缝辐射器、连续流液体加热系统及加热方法
EP4288715A1 (fr) * 2021-02-07 2023-12-13 Octopus Energy Heating Limited Procédés et systèmes et appareil permettant de supporter une consommation d'énergie et d'eau réduite

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812315A (en) * 1973-02-27 1974-05-21 N Martin Micro-wave heater
US4152567A (en) * 1977-03-07 1979-05-01 Mayfield Esther O Microwave water heater
US4178494A (en) * 1977-11-10 1979-12-11 Bottalico Frank P Micro-wave air heater
US4358652A (en) * 1978-12-21 1982-11-09 Kaarup Darrell R Fluid heater apparatus
US5998773A (en) * 1995-07-26 1999-12-07 Ramot University Authority For Applied Research & Industrial Development Ltd. Liquid heating in interaction region of microwave generator
US6472648B2 (en) * 2000-07-28 2002-10-29 Masakazu Matsuo Microwave irradiation continuous flow heating apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812315A (en) * 1973-02-27 1974-05-21 N Martin Micro-wave heater
US4152567A (en) * 1977-03-07 1979-05-01 Mayfield Esther O Microwave water heater
US4178494A (en) * 1977-11-10 1979-12-11 Bottalico Frank P Micro-wave air heater
US4358652A (en) * 1978-12-21 1982-11-09 Kaarup Darrell R Fluid heater apparatus
US5998773A (en) * 1995-07-26 1999-12-07 Ramot University Authority For Applied Research & Industrial Development Ltd. Liquid heating in interaction region of microwave generator
US6472648B2 (en) * 2000-07-28 2002-10-29 Masakazu Matsuo Microwave irradiation continuous flow heating apparatus

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102434958A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2012-05-02 苏州嘉言能源设备有限公司 混合式微波热水器
WO2013155286A1 (fr) * 2012-04-12 2013-10-17 Bravo Vincent A Système de chauffage à l'énergie électromagnétique
US8901468B2 (en) 2012-04-12 2014-12-02 Vincent A. Bravo Electromagnetic energy heating system
US9784472B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2017-10-10 International Business Machines Corporation Managing hot water delivery
CN105407560A (zh) * 2015-10-22 2016-03-16 浙江鼎元电器有限公司 一种浸入式水循环低温慢煮机
CN105407560B (zh) * 2015-10-22 2018-05-25 浙江鼎元电器有限公司 一种浸入式水循环低温慢煮机
CN108120012A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 陕西青朗万城环保科技有限公司 一种微波热液系统、热水器系统及水暖系统
GB2605213A (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-09-28 Octopus Energy Group Ltd methods and systems and apparatus to support reduced energy and water usage
GB2605213B (en) * 2021-02-07 2023-04-19 Octopus Energy Heating Ltd Methods and systems and apparatus to support reduced energy and water usage
EP4288715A1 (fr) * 2021-02-07 2023-12-13 Octopus Energy Heating Limited Procédés et systèmes et appareil permettant de supporter une consommation d'énergie et d'eau réduite
EP4288715B1 (fr) * 2021-02-07 2026-03-11 Octopus Energy Heating Limited Procédés et systèmes et appareil permettant de supporter une consommation d'énergie et d'eau réduite
CN115978785A (zh) * 2022-12-19 2023-04-18 四川大学 一种同轴开缝辐射器、连续流液体加热系统及加热方法
CN115978785B (zh) * 2022-12-19 2024-03-19 四川大学 一种同轴开缝辐射器、连续流液体加热系统及加热方法

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