WO2007118532A2 - Composant thermoélectrique et procédé de production associé - Google Patents

Composant thermoélectrique et procédé de production associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007118532A2
WO2007118532A2 PCT/EP2007/000787 EP2007000787W WO2007118532A2 WO 2007118532 A2 WO2007118532 A2 WO 2007118532A2 EP 2007000787 W EP2007000787 W EP 2007000787W WO 2007118532 A2 WO2007118532 A2 WO 2007118532A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
legs
thermoelectric
contact
layers
thermoelectric device
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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PCT/EP2007/000787
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German (de)
English (en)
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WO2007118532A3 (fr
Inventor
Jan D. KÖNIG
Alexandre Jacquot
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Publication of WO2007118532A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007118532A2/fr
Publication of WO2007118532A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007118532A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details
    • H10N10/81—Structural details of the junction
    • H10N10/817—Structural details of the junction the junction being non-separable, e.g. being cemented, sintered or soldered

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermoelectric component and a manufacturing method for such a thermoelectric component.
  • thermoelectric device The operation of a thermoelectric device is based on the thermoelectric effect, which is also referred to as Seebeck effect or Peltier effect.
  • Seebeck effect the field of application of the present thermoelectric device relates to the field of thermoelectric.
  • the thermoelectrics deals on the one hand with the energy production (thermoelectric generator) and on the other hand with the temperature control (Peltier element).
  • thermoelectric generator In a thermoelectric generator, a voltage and thus an electric current is generated by a temperature difference.
  • thermoelectric component by applying a current flow, one side of this thermoelectric component is heated and the corresponding other side is cooled.
  • thermoelectric component is composed in principle of thermoelectric pair of legs, each having a leg 101 of a p-type conductor material and a leg 102 of a p-type conductor material, and an electrically conductive contact material 103 which electrically connects the individual legs 101, 102 together , Typically, for electrical isolation above and below the thermoelectric device support layers 100 of electrically insulating material (substrate material) are arranged.
  • the interstices between the legs 101, 102 of the thermoelectric component can be filled with an electrically and thermally non-conductive intermediate material. As shown schematically in FIG.
  • thermoelectric component 1 there is a temperature gradient between an upper side ("warm”) and a lower side ("cold") of the thermoelectric component.
  • the individual legs 101, 102 are connected in parallel in a thermal manner, that is to say that all the legs conduct the heat in parallel to one another in accordance with the temperature gradient.
  • the individual legs 101, 102 are also electrically connected in series, wherein the circuit (as indicated in Fig. 1) is closed by a conductor circuit 104,105.
  • thermoelectric device Due to this structure, it is possible, in conjunction with the temperature difference between the top and bottom of the thermoelectric device shown in Fig. 1, to generate a voltage between the conductors 104,105 and thus to achieve a current flow.
  • thermoelectric device acts as a thermoelectric generator.
  • thermoelectric thermoelectric
  • thermoelectric element In order to realize the structure of the thermoelectric element described above and shown in FIG. 1 with a series electrical connection and a thermal parallel connection of the individual legs 101, 102, contacting (electrical connection) of the legs with one another is necessary.
  • This electrical connection (contacting) of the thermoelectric legs is therefore to be considered as a limiting step in the production, since in particular due to the plurality of electrically in series and thermally parallel to be connected (to be contacted) legs 101, 102 difficulties in the production of such thermoelectric components result.
  • thermoelectric element In addition, this contact must ensure the best possible thermal and electrical coupling. Otherwise, the performance of the thermoelectric element is at least limited. To get the best possible thermal and To ensure electrical coupling, therefore, a complicated stacking of different layers is provided, as shown schematically in Fig. 2.
  • a metallization layer 201 which is followed by an outer diffusion barrier 202, is first applied to the lower carrier layer 100.
  • the contact layer 103 is applied, via which the individual n- and p-conductor legs are electrically connected to one another.
  • a middle diffusion barrier 204 follows this contact layer 103.
  • the solder layer 205 for connecting the p- and n-conductor legs 101, 102 to the respective contact layers 103 is applied to this middle diffusion barrier.
  • This solder layer is covered by an inner diffusion barrier 206.
  • an adhesive layer 207 which is connected directly to the p and n conductor legs 101, 102.
  • This layering comprises the metallization layer 402, the outer diffusion barrier 403, the contact layer 103, the middle diffusion barrier 405, the solder layer 406, the inner diffusion barrier 407, and the adhesion layer 408.
  • first prestructured contact layers 103 are first applied to thermally good, but electrically non-conductive carrier plates 100 (mostly ceramic plates). Subsequently, the individual, provided with adhesive layers and diffusion barriers legs 101, 102 are soldered to the prestructured contact material 103 frontally. After that, in a further (second) soldering process, the still free end side of the legs 101, 102 is contacted with the second carrier plate 100, on which the prestructured contact layer 103 is likewise applied. As in the second soldering process, a contact between the prestructured contact layer 103 on the support plate and the Contact surfaces of the tavern! 101,102 is necessary, all legs 101, 102 must be contacted simultaneously in the second soldering process.
  • soldering material to be used is difficult to adjust, since the soldering material must completely cover the lower and upper sides ("faces") of the legs 101, 102, respectively, for optimum electrical contact, but the soldering material must not connect the upper and lower sides of the legs 101, 102, otherwise the overall efficiency of the component is reduced.
  • thermoelectric device itself, because the soldering layer inevitably creates an additional electrical and thermal resistance, which also reduces the efficiency of the component.
  • temperature range in which the thermoelectric device is usable is further restricted by the melting temperature of this solder material. If, for example, the operating temperature of the thermoelectric component is higher than the melting temperature of this soldering material, the component itself is destroyed.
  • available solder materials at operating temperatures above 250 ° C show other defects, such as brittleness.
  • suitable brazing materials for thermoelectric applications in the range between 300 ° C and 450 0 C are not available.
  • thermoelectric components with an area> 10 cm 2
  • the individual soldering of the legs in the first soldering process, and also the simultaneous soldering of the legs (in the second soldering process due to the above-described problems considerable difficulties.
  • thermoelectric components Due to the difficulties described above, actually only planar thermoelectric components can be produced with the known production methods. For example, in tubular thermoelectric devices is a contacting of the individual legs in the interior of the tube, due to the inaccessibility of these areas, very difficult.
  • thermoelectric device and a manufacturing method for such a thermoelectric device, with which the problem of contacting the individual legs is achieved.
  • thermoelectric component with thermoelectric leg pairs of n- and p-conductors, which are connected to one another via an electrically conductive contact layer of electrodeposited material.
  • thermoelectric device In the thermoelectric device according to the invention, the difficulties in contacting are overcome by the fact that the individual n- and p-conductor legs are electrically connected by electroplating.
  • electroplating technique it is therefore possible to apply the contact material directly to the legs, which are possibly provided with adhesive layers and diffusion barriers, thereby making it possible to make contact without a soldering process.
  • Electrodeating refers to an electrochemical deposition of metal deposits on objects, an anode comprising the metal to be applied as a contact layer and an anode the object (in this case the legs) on which the metal of the anode is to be deposited,
  • the electric current dissipates metal ions from the anode and deposits them on the legs by reduction, so that the exposed contact surfaces of the legs are evenly coated with the anode metal the legs are in the electrolytic bath, the thicker the metal layer, which forms the contact layer.
  • intermediate layers of electrically non-conductive material are arranged between the individual legs.
  • the material of these intermediate layers may also be thermally at least moderately conductive.
  • the material of the intermediate layers can each consist of one or more layers of ceramic, glass, quartz, porcelain, plastic, in particular polyurethane or polystyrene, foam, synthetic resin, cement, adhesive, mortar, enamel, composite, aerosol, glass fiber, Kapton or mica or a combination of these materials exist.
  • the individual legs are electrically connected in series and thermally in parallel via the contact layers.
  • a plurality of pairs of legs the legs of which are electrically connected in series and thermally connected in parallel via the contact layers, may be provided.
  • the legs are provided at the connection points with the contact layer with a diffusion barrier and / or an adhesive layer.
  • This electrically conductive diffusion barrier or the adhesive layer can also be applied by electroplating.
  • thermoelectric device with thermoelektwitz ⁇ leg pairs of n- and p-conductors, in which touch the sections electrically connected to each other in sections, with a direct electrical contact between end portions of these legs.
  • the end regions of the legs which are in direct electrical contact with one another may be biased against one another by means of a compressive force.
  • thermoelectric device with thermoelectric leg pairs of n- and p-Leitem, between the legs intermediate layers of an electrically non-conductive intermediate material is arranged, said intermediate layers in their inner and / or outer end portions at least partially contact wear layers of an electrically conductive material, and wherein the end portions of the legs are partially connected to each other electrically via these contact layers.
  • the end regions of the legs which are in electrical contact with one another via the contact layers carried by the intermediate layers, can be biased against one another by means of a compressive force.
  • thermoelectric component may also be tubular, wherein it is preferable if the legs and / or the intermediate layers have markings for aligning and / or positioning the legs and the intermediate layers.
  • thermoelectric component with thermoelectric leg pairs of n- and p-conductors, wherein the legs are electrically connected by electrodeposition of a contact layer of conductive material, after the legs previously in a were arranged for the thermoelectric device necessary relative arrangement to each other.
  • gaps between the legs can be designed geometrically such that only or first contacts between each leg to be joined are formed by galvanic growth.
  • inner and / or outer ends of the legs can be designed geometrically such that only or first contacts between each leg to be connected are formed by galvanic growth.
  • the surfaces of the legs which are not to be connected via the contact layer can be covered by intermediate layers before the electrodeposition
  • inner and / or outer ends of the intermediate layers can be designed geometrically such that only or first of all contacts between the legs to be joined are formed by galvanic growth.
  • a form of the intermediate layers can be transferred by pressing directly to the thermoelectric material of the legs.
  • gaps between the legs before the electrodeposition of the contact layer with an electrically non-conductive intermediate material for covering the not to be connected to the contact layer surfaces of the legs can be met.
  • the intermediate material can be at least partially removed or replaced after the galvanic contacting of the legs.
  • diffusion barriers and / or adhesive layers in particular by electrodeposition, can be applied.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for producing a particular tubular thermoelectric device with thermoelectric leg pairs of n- and p-conductors, wherein an alternating stacking of n- and p-conductors of the leg pairs is provided, and these legs by intermediate layers electrically non-conductive material are separated, and end portions of each leg to be connected via an electrically conductive contact layer of electrodeposited material are connected to each other and / or touch the respective leg to be connected, wherein a direct electrical contact between the end portions of these legs, and / or the intermediate layers in their inner and outer edge regions at least partially wear contact layers of an electrically conductive material, which electrically miteina the end regions of each leg to be connected connect.
  • the intermediate layer can be applied to the individual legs before stacking on top of one another, in particular, it can be spin-coated or vapor-deposited.
  • thermoelectric device 1 is a schematic representation of a thermoelectric device for explaining the principle of operation
  • thermoelectric device 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a leg pair of a thermoelectric device for explaining the layer structure of the thermoelectric element
  • Fig. 3 shows a typical arrangement of the individual legs of the thermoelectric
  • FIG. 4 shows a typical arrangement of the individual legs, surrounded or laterally covered by an intermediate material (insulation, protective or filling material),
  • 5G is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
  • thermoelectric device Method for the electrical contacting of the individual legs by electroplating in a cross-sectional view of the thermoelectric device, wherein Figs. 5A to 5C is a contact on the top, Figs. 5D to 5F is a contact on the bottom, and Fig. 5H is a structuring of the galvanically different Represent contact material,
  • 6F is a schematic representation of another embodiment of a
  • FIGS. 6A to 6C show a contact on the upper side
  • FIGS. 6D to 6F show a contact on the lower side
  • thermoelectric component 7 a completely contacted thermoelectric component with a structured electrodeposited contact layer, wherein the intermediate material and the carrier plates have been omitted for clarity,
  • FIG. 8E are schematic representations of an embodiment of a tubular thermoelectric component, wherein the legs are electrically contactable via electroplating, and wherein in Fig. 8A is a three-dimensional representation, in Fig. 8B is an oblique section, in Fig. 8C is a plan view, in Fig. 8D a cross-section before contacting and in FIG. 8E a cross-section after contacting is shown
  • Fig. 9F further embodiments of the tubular thermoelectric
  • thermoelectric device Component in cross-sectional view with various embodiments of the legs and the intermediate material, wherein outer and inner diameter of the resulting thermoelectric device are given,
  • 12A to 12C further exemplary embodiments of the tubular thermoelectric component with a plurality of embodiments of the legs and of the intermediate element, which can be electrically connected to one another without electroplating,
  • FIGS. 13B are illustrations of a front and a back side of a further rotationally symmetrical embodiment of the intermediate material, wherein contact material layers are arranged in inner and outer edge regions of the intermediate material,
  • FIGS. 13F further exemplary embodiments of the tubular thermoelectric component with a connection of the legs via an electrically conductive contact material arranged in the end regions of the intermediate material according to FIGS. 13A and 13B,
  • FIG. 15 shows an exemplary embodiment of the legs and / or the intermediate material and / or the electrically conductive material with a possible marking on the leg or on the intermediate material.
  • the electrical contacting of the n- and p-conductor legs can take place in that the individual n- and p-conductor legs are electrically connected by electroplating.
  • the legs are cuboid-shaped and the Electrical contacting takes place via the end faces of these cuboids, ie the contact layer connects in each case the end faces of two adjacent cuboid.
  • the shape of the legs is not limited to a cuboidal structure.
  • a tubular thermoelectric component is described.
  • the shape of the upper and lower sides of the legs must not be square, but may have any conceivable form.
  • shapes such as rotationally symmetrical (in particular round) or elliptical are readily usable.
  • the electroplating technique can also be used to apply suitable electrically conductive diffusion barriers and / or adhesive layers.
  • the contact material can be applied to the limbs (for contacting), which were preferably also previously provided with adhesion layers and / or diffusion barriers via the electroplating technique. Consequently, the entire process of contacting and manufacturing the thermoelectric element can be done without a soldering process. Rather, the contacting takes place directly via the electroplating technique.
  • thermoelectric device For the electrical connection of the respective leg to be connected (contacting) by the electroplating technique, it is necessary that the n- and p-conductor legs 101, 102 are arranged in the necessary arrangement for the thermoelectric device, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the legs 101, 102 may already have been provided with a diffusion barrier and / or an adhesive layer on their end faces 101a, 102a prior to galvanic contacting. This can also be carried out in particular via electroplating.
  • intermediate material 106 u.a.
  • ceramics, glasses, quartz, porcelain, plastics (e.g., polyurethane, polystyrene), foams, resins, cement, adhesives, mortars, composites, aerosols, glass fibers, Kapton or mica are conceivable.
  • the intermediate material 106 may also consist of a combination of such materials.
  • the intermediate material 106 (if used) must electrically insulate the legs 101, 102 from each other and should preferably have low thermal conductivity.
  • the legs are electrically contacted with each other in their later necessary relative arrangement electrically directly. It is also possible to apply one or more layers galvanically, which are then used as a diffusion barrier, adhesive layer or contact layer.
  • the following or a composition of the following elements are preferred: Al, Sb, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Au, In, Cu, Mn 1 Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, Re, Ru 1 Ti, Te, Ag, Bi, W, Zn, Sn, Si and Ge.
  • a growth process of the contact layer in the electrodeposition does not proceed one-dimensionally (that is, in one direction). Rather, the space or intermediate material between the legs will eventually overgrow (i.e., undirected growth) as schematically shown in Figures 5A-5C for the top and Figures 5D-5F for the bottom.
  • thermoelectric component cold or hot side, as shown by way of example in FIG. 1
  • all the legs on each of the sides of the thermoelectric component can each be electrically connected to one another at the same time. Since the electrodeposited contact material in the exemplary embodiment of the production method illustrated in FIGS. 5A to 5F connects all legs 101, 102 together (if the distances of all the legs 101, 102 are substantially the same and the intermediate material 104 is not structured in a particular manner) , a subsequent structuring, as shown in Fig. 5G, may be required.
  • These include mechanical, chemical, thermal or optical structuring methods, such as e.g. Milling, turning, water jet spraying, plasma cutting, die sinking, spark eroding, particle beam, wet etching, dry etching, ion etching, X-ray lithography, evaporation, sandblasting, electron or ion beam lithography, sputtering, UV-LIGA technology or laser cutting.
  • mechanical, chemical, thermal or optical structuring methods such as e.g. Milling, turning, water jet spraying, plasma cutting, die sinking, spark eroding, particle beam, wet etching, dry etching, ion etching, X-ray lithography, evaporation, sandblasting, electron or ion beam lithography, sputtering, UV-LIGA technology or laser cutting.
  • a gap between the legs or the intermediate material received therein can be designed such that only or first the electrical contacts between the desired n- and p-conductor legs are formed by the galvanic growth, as for example is shown in Figs. 6A to 6F.
  • the intermediate material 106 projects beyond the limbs 101, 102 on the front side in regions where contact by means of electrodeposition should not take place. Accordingly, the contact layer 103 forms exclusively between such n- and p-type conductor legs 101, 102 where it is desired, i. E. where the intermediate material does not act as a barrier.
  • a finished-contacted therrn ⁇ elektharis device is shown, wherein the intermediate material 106 is not visible or removed and wherein, depending on the application, additionally an isolation of the contacts (especially on substrate plates) above and below the thermoelectric device is necessary.
  • This insulation should have good thermal conductivity.
  • thermoelectric components e.g. thermoelectric tubes
  • FIGS. 8A to 8E show an exemplary embodiment of such a thermoelectric tube which, as can be seen from the cross-sectional illustration according to FIG. 8E, has been contacted with the electroplating technique. It consists of a plurality of annular and alternately arranged n- and p-type conductor legs 101, 102 and these conductor legs electrically insulating annular spacers (which, for clarity, however, is not shown). This results in a stacking arrangement of the legs 101, 102 and the intermediate discs.
  • the legs 101, 102 and the intermediate disks are rotationally symmetrical (here: annular), without the present invention being limited thereto.
  • thermoelectric tube A distance between the alternately arranged n- and p-type conductor legs changes in the radial direction of the thermoelectric tube, i. the conductor legs are not formed planar, but include areas that protrude over a base. If these ladder limbs are stacked on top of one another or arranged next to one another, then places are created where the thermoelectric limbs are close together and where the limbs are farther apart from one another. At the adjacent areas of adjacent legs, the fastest possible electrical connection is made by the electrodeposition as at more widely spaced locations, as can be seen in particular from Fig. 8E.
  • thermoelectric material the leg
  • intermediate material the intermediate material
  • FIGS. 8A to 8E a possible design for such a simplified production is illustrated.
  • Other designs are Figs. 9 to 15 can be removed.
  • a contact by electroplating technology is applicable.
  • these forms and structures of the thermoelectric material, in particular for the formation of the thermoelectric tubes can also be used independently of the contacting by the electroplating technique in an advantageous manner.
  • thermoelectric material ie, the leg
  • intermediate material one or more layers of one or more materials, which will hereinafter be referred to simply as "intermediate material” therefore also allow an independent solution of the invention Task, in particular for the formation of a thermoelectric tubular component.
  • FIGS 9A-9F Shown in Figures 9A-9F are various shapes for the legs and intermediate material which may then be contacted by electroplating (but are not limited thereto). In the current flow direction, there is consequently an alternating pattern of nearest points on the outer circumference and on the inner circumference.
  • the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the thus formed thermoelectric tube of alternately arranged n- and p-conductor legs and intermediate plates is determined by the outer and inner diameter of the legs.
  • FIG. 9A shows flat n-type conductor legs 102 and conically shaped p-type conductor legs 101 with correspondingly shaped intermediate material 106, i. the intermediate material has a flat side and a conical side to mediate between the differently shaped n- and p-conductor legs.
  • FIG. 9B shows oppositely conically shaped n and p conductor legs 101, 102 with a correspondingly doubly conically shaped intermediate material 106.
  • FIGS. 9C and 9D show flat p and n-conductor legs 101, 102 having the same inner and outer diameters and discs of intermediate material, each having alternating inner and outer diameters.
  • Fig. 9E shows shallow n- and p- conductor legs 101, 102 having different inner and outer diameters and discs of intermediate material alternately having different inner and outer diameters.
  • Fig. 9F shows oppositely shaped lamellar legs 101, 102 with correspondingly shaped intermediate material.
  • FIG. 10A rectangular end form
  • FIG. 10B pointed end form
  • FIG. 1OC round end form
  • FIGS. 11A to 11C show, in cross-section, such shapes of the ends of the intermediate material 106 by way of example for the oppositely conical leg shape (as already presented in FIG. 9B).
  • a flat or rectangular end shape has already been used in FIGS. 9A to 9F.
  • Fig. 11A shows a round end shape.
  • Fig. 11B shows a pointed end shape and
  • Fig. 11C shows a rectangular end shape.
  • FIGS. 12A to 12C show, in cross-section, various shapes for the legs 101, 102 and the intermediate material 106, which are also electrically contacted with one another without electroplating technology.
  • the desired legs directly contact each other so that there is electrical contact between the legs at the desired locations. The points of contact are marked with an "X".
  • Figure 12A shows shallow n-conductor legs in conjunction with conically shaped p-type conductor legs contacting each other in their end portions, with correspondingly shaped intermediate material and flat end shapes.
  • Figure 12B shows opposing conically shaped p and n conductor legs 101, 102 whose end portions are in contact with correspondingly shaped intermediate material 106 and flat end shapes.
  • Fig. 12C shows oppositely-shaped lamellar p- and n- conductor legs contacting each other at their end portions with correspondingly shaped intermediate material.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13F Further shapes for the legs and combinations of intermediate material and an electrically conductive material are shown in FIGS. 13A to 13F.
  • FIGS. 13A and 13B show a plan view of an annular disc 106 of intermediate material which has annular contact layers 107, 108 of electrically conductive material in its inner and outer edge regions, an intermediate plate 106 having an electrically conductive material 107 in FIG. 13A is shown at the inner edge, and wherein in Fig. 13B, a second intermediate plate 106 is shown with an electrically conductive material 108 at the outer edge.
  • Fig. 13C shows flat n-conductor legs, conically shaped p-type conductor legs with correspondingly shaped intermediate disks (combinations of intermediate material and an electrically conductive material).
  • Fig. 13D shows oppositely conically shaped p and n conductor legs with correspondingly shaped intermediate disks (combinations of intermediate material and an electrically conductive material).
  • Fig. 13E shows flat legs with the same inner and outer diameter with correspondingly shaped intermediate discs (combinations of intermediate material and an electrically conductive material).
  • Fig. 13F shows oppositely-shaped lamellar p and n-conductor legs with correspondingly shaped intermediate disks (combinations of intermediate material and an electrically conductive material).
  • FIGS. 14A to 14H Various shapes for the legs and / or the intermediate material and / or the electrically conductive material are shown in plan view in FIGS. 14A to 14H. It can be seen that the inner and outer shape of the legs and the gap do not have to be identical. Rather, the inner and outer shape of the particular application can be adjusted. Possible shapes for inner and outer diameter are round, oval, rectangular, n-shaped (with "n", for example, between 3 to 1000), star-shaped and cross-shaped. Various combinations of the shapes are shown by way of example in FIGS. 14A to 14F. These shapes are useful for thermal coupling to specific applications. For example, as shown in Fig. 14e, a star-shaped geometry has a large surface area which improves heat dissipation by convection.
  • Fig. 14A shows circular inner and outer edges.
  • Fig. 14B shows rectangular inside and outside edges.
  • Fig. 14C shows a round inner edge and a rectangular outer edge.
  • Fig. 14D shows a polygonal inner edge and an oval outer edge.
  • Fig. 14E shows star-shaped inner and outer edges with different numbers of teeth.
  • Fig. 14F shows cross-shaped inner and outer edges.
  • Fig. 14G shows semicircular inner and outer edges.
  • Fig. 14H shows inner and outer edges formed corresponding to a half rectangle.
  • a marker such as a notch 111, 112 or tabs 109,110, as shown in Fig. 15 by way of example have.
  • Fig. 15 shows a plan view of a possible marking on the legs or on the intermediate materials.
  • the intermediate material can be omitted or subsequently removed, even with the galvanically contacted legs, the intermediate material can be subsequently removed or replaced.
  • thermoelectric material described above can be used in the production of the disks by pressing, pressing, casting, stamping, sintering, beading, rolling, bar pressing, honing or one of the structuring methods mentioned above (milling, turning, water jet cutting, plasma cutting, die sinking, Spark erosion, particle beam, wet etching, dry etching, ion etching, X-ray lithography, evaporation, UV-LIGA technique or laser cutting).
  • the intermediate material has a certain shape.
  • the intermediate material (the intermediate layer) is located between the individual legs and ensures that no current flows through the side walls of the legs and thus an unwanted short circuit would result in the tavern / s. This intermediate material also prevents galvanic deposition from taking place at undesirable locations. By pressing, the shape of the intermediate material can be transferred directly to the thermoelectric material during the production of the tube.
  • the preparation of the above-described tubular thermoelectric components can also be done by stacking prestructured legs and intermediate materials.
  • the insulating intermediate material or a part thereof may also be vapor-deposited on the individual legs or the tube material prior to the production of the tube, e.g. by spin coating or vapor deposition.
  • leg materials and the intermediate materials are also possible to make this stacking of the leg materials and the intermediate materials during a multi-layer growth process.
  • thermoelectric device with galvanic deposited contacts, whereby the legs of the thermoelectric device can be electrically connected to each other.
  • a contacting of the legs can be avoided by a soldering process.
  • solder layers and necessary for the soldering process adhesive layers and the resulting disadvantages of additional electrical and thermal resistance can be avoided.
  • galvanic deposition all thermoelectric contact surfaces of the legs can be provided with a diffusion barrier at the same time.
  • thermoelectric component can be electrically connected to one another at the same time by the galvanic deposition.
  • galvanic deposition in particular large-area thermoelectric components (even larger than 1 m 2 ) are possible.
  • thermoelectric components can also be manufactured, since the electrodeposited material deposits equally on all legs, regardless of the component shape.
  • thermoelectric material legss
  • intermediate material tubular thermoelectric components.
  • planar thermoelectric components produced in this way can be used, inter alia, for cooling, heating, temperature stabilization and for generating energy.
  • thermoelectric, non-planar (e.g., tubular) components so produced can be used for power generation, e.g. by using waste heat, use. It is independent in which direction the temperature gradient acts (i.e., from inside to outside or vice versa), that is, whether it is warmer inside a pipe than outside or vice versa.
  • a vacuum, a gas, a liquid or a solid may also be present in the interior of the tube. Outside the tube may also be arranged a vacuum, a gas, a liquid or a solid.
  • thermoelectric, non-planar (e.g., tubular) components may also be used for cooling, heating, and thus temperature stabilization. This applies regardless of whether the interior or the exterior of the tube is cooled or heated.
  • a vacuum, a gas, a liquid or a solid may be present inside the tube.
  • a vacuum, a gas, a liquid or a solid may be present outside of the tube.
  • thermoelectric, non-planar (e.g., tubular) components may also be used for measurement purposes.
  • a direct measurand is e.g. the temperature and indirect measurands are e.g. specific heat, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, pressure, flow and reaction energies.
  • thermoelectric components can also be used directly or indirectly for the storage of data.
  • thermoelectric device composed of thermoelectric leg pairs (n- and p-type conductive materials) and an electrically conductive contact material electrically connecting the individual legs with each other.
  • the individual legs (n and p conductors) are preferably connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel.
  • the electroplating technique can be used.
  • application-specific thermoelectric devices such as tubular thermoelectric devices, can be manufactured.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant thermoélectrique comprenant des paires de colonnes composées de conducteurs de type n et p, lesquelles sont reliées les unes aux autres par une couche de contact électroconductrice, constituée un matériau formé par dépôt galvanique. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production associé.
PCT/EP2007/000787 2006-04-13 2007-01-30 Composant thermoélectrique et procédé de production associé Ceased WO2007118532A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102006017547.6 2006-04-13
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AT508277B1 (de) * 2009-06-09 2011-09-15 Avl List Gmbh Thermoelektrisches modul mit paarweise angeordneten p- und n- dotierten schenkeln
DE102010030259A1 (de) * 2010-06-18 2011-12-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Thermoelektrisches Modul mit geringem Füllgrad
DE102010024414A1 (de) * 2010-06-19 2011-12-22 Volkswagen Ag Elektrothermisches Wandeln
DE102010044461A1 (de) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-08 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Thermoelektrisches Modul und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102011084442B4 (de) 2011-10-13 2018-05-03 Schott Ag Thermoelektrisches Bauelement mit glasummantelten n- und p-Leitern

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DE102006017547A1 (de) 2007-10-18

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