WO2007121840A1 - Ballast électronique à gradation - Google Patents

Ballast électronique à gradation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007121840A1
WO2007121840A1 PCT/EP2007/003066 EP2007003066W WO2007121840A1 WO 2007121840 A1 WO2007121840 A1 WO 2007121840A1 EP 2007003066 W EP2007003066 W EP 2007003066W WO 2007121840 A1 WO2007121840 A1 WO 2007121840A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lamp
current
frequency
control unit
unipolar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/003066
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alfred TRÖSTL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP07724007A priority Critical patent/EP2011372A1/fr
Publication of WO2007121840A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007121840A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dimmable electronic ballasts, for example for gas discharge lamps, to electronic control units for such a dimmable electronic ballast and to associated operating methods for dimmable electronic ballasts.
  • dimmable ballasts With dimmable ballasts, it is problematic to set the lower limit of the dimming range to, for example, less than 1% dimming value.
  • the cause of this problem is that the detection of the high-frequency AC signals (lamp current, lamp voltage) for the power control of the lamp is very expensive, since the detection of the recirculated AC signals must be designed for a very large area.
  • EP 1 330 945 B1 shows a ballast with a full bridge operation with linear regulator.
  • AT 392 384 B shows a low-frequency rectangular operation by means of half bridge or full bridge.
  • WO 2004/010742 shows a low-frequency rectangular operation by means of a half-bridge.
  • the invention provides that the lamp is operated with a specially tuned mode of operation, depending on whether the power to be set is above or below a defined dimming level.
  • a dimmable electronic ballast for gas discharge lamps includes an electronic control unit configured to selectively control operation of a connected lamp depending on whether the current dimming level is above or below a defined dimming level.
  • the lamp is operated with a high-frequency bipolar lamp current, which can be generated for example by means of a half-bridge inverter.
  • the lamp is operated with a unipolar DC lamp current, which is also superimposed by a high-frequency current.
  • a power control of the lamp by controlling the RF frequency, for example, the half-bridge inverter.
  • the power regulation of the lamp preferably takes place via the control of the effective value of the lamp current.
  • the rms value of the lamp current can be adjusted by the amplitude of the unipolar DC lamp current and / or the duty cycle of a pulsed unipolar DC lamp current.
  • the unipolar DC lamp current can be PWM-modulated.
  • the control unit When operating the lamp with a unipolar DC lamp current, the control unit can drive a high potential transistor of a half-bridge inverter in a linear regulator mode.
  • the power control is regulated by controlling the amplitude of the DC lamp current.
  • control unit can also control the lamp by means of a linear regulator connected in series with the lamp, which is therefore optionally provided in addition to the switches of the half-bridge inverter.
  • This linear regulator can be arranged on the low potential side of the lamp, which simplifies the drive.
  • the linear regulator may, for example, be a MOSFET or a bipolar transistor.
  • the linear regulator can also be arranged on the high-potential side of the lamp, in which he this case is preferably controlled by means of a high-voltage driver of the control unit.
  • the linear regulator in particular if it is arranged on the high-potential side of the lamp, can be switched in such a way that it is not flowed through by the high-frequency bipolar lamp current (for example, by the half-bridge inverter) during operation of the lamp.
  • the control unit can be designed to cause the lamp to be ignited by high-frequency control of an inverter (resonance ignition), regardless of the value of an applied dimming command.
  • the invention also relates, according to a further aspect, to an electronic ballast which, above a defined dimming level, carries out the lamp power by regulating the frequency of a high-frequency bipolar lamp current. Below the defined
  • the lamp power control is preferably carried out by setting the RMS value (amplitude and / or duty ratio) of a unipolar DC lamp current, which optionally a ripple (high-frequency current) can be superimposed.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to an electronic control unit, which may be, for example, a microcontroller and / or an ASIC, and which is adapted for use in a ballast of the kind set forth above.
  • the invention also relates to methods of operating a dimmable electronic ballast.
  • 1 shows a schematic view of a dimmable electronic ballast
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the present invention in a
  • Fig. 3 shows another
  • Fig. 4 shows a third
  • Fig. 5 shows a fourth
  • Embodiment of the present invention in a detailed view.
  • a ballast is usually operated with mains voltage.
  • the operation may also be provided with a DC voltage, which is provided, for example, by a battery.
  • V AC this voltage is usually rectified by a block 1 and optionally RF-filtered.
  • the invention is equally applicable to DC powered ballasts.
  • the rectified AC voltage is then converted by a DC link circuit 2 to a suitable bus voltage V BUS , which is usually at a higher level than the rectified AC voltage V AC .
  • V BUS bus voltage
  • the bus voltage is a few hundred volts.
  • the DC link circuit 2 can have other functions, such as ensuring a sinusoidal current consumption (power factor correction, PFC) stabilization of the bus voltage V bus by regulation, a limitation of the reflected back into the network harmonics (THD), etc.
  • PFC power factor correction
  • the bus voltage V bus is then converted by an inverter 3, which is formed by a half-bridge with two series-connected circuit breakers, into a preferably high-frequency operating voltage V HF for a resonant circuit 4, to which the lamp is preferably connected in parallel.
  • the high frequency voltage V HF is preferably tapped at the midpoint of a half-bridge inverter 3.
  • the operation of the ballast may be dictated by one or more electronic control and / or regulating units.
  • electronic control and / or regulating units For the sake of simplicity, only a single electronic control and / or regulating unit 5 is provided in FIG. This electronic control and / or regulating unit 5 can be fed back various parameters from the area of the applied mains voltage, the area of the intermediate circuit, the area of the inverter and / or the area of the load or resonant circuit and the lamp.
  • control and / or regulating unit 5 is able to receive external or internal dimming values, for example via an interface 6.
  • dimming values can be supplied, for example, via a connected bus line, which can be a digital bus according to the industry standard DALI, for example.
  • dimming values can be supplied to the control and / or regulating unit, which represent a setpoint for the lamp power to be set.
  • Lamp power in the normal case, i. at high or moderate Dimm tone, the switching frequency f of the switches of the half-bridge inverter 3 can be selected.
  • a feedback variable which represents the actual lamp power, for example, the lamp current and / or the lamp voltage can be selected.
  • such a control loop usually operates reliably at full light output (100%) of the lamp as well as at moderate dimming values.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 preferred embodiments according to the invention will now be described, which represent all possibilities of how the lamp can be operated in low-dimming levels in at least one further operating mode in addition to the above-described operating mode with a high-frequency bipolar current.
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 only a section of an electronic ballast according to the invention is shown, namely the region of the inverter, the resonant circuit with the lamp and the electronic control and / or regulating unit.
  • Coupling capacitor C2 in particular a high-frequency current can be passed to the lamp.
  • a detection resistor R3 is provided, by means of which a lamp current I LamPe reproducing signal to the control and control unit 5 can be returned.
  • This feedback signal i La mp e is only one way, a signal reproducing the lamp power or more such signals as feedback signal to the control and control unit 5 to lead.
  • the regulating and control unit 5 is, as already described with reference to FIG. 1, designed to receive dimming value signals, which thus represent nominal values for the lamp power.
  • control and control unit 5 As a control variable, the control and control unit 5 according to a control algorithm implemented in it, which compares the actual power of the lamp with the predetermined setpoint (Dimmwert), in the form of switching signals for the switches Ml, M2 of the half-bridge inverter. Optionally, it may be necessary to provide a separate high voltage driver (HV driver) for the potential higher switch Ml.
  • HV driver high voltage driver
  • the circuit shown in Figures 2 to 5 is thus able to supply a high-frequency current of the lamp by a high-frequency alternating activation of the switches Ml, M2 via the coupling capacitor C2.
  • the power control takes place via the switching frequency f.
  • the regulation and control unit 5 is now designed to control the lamp in a different operating mode from the above-described normal operation at higher dimming levels, when the predetermined dimming Setpoint below one of the control and control unit 5 predetermined threshold falls below.
  • this further operating mode at very low dimming values of, for example, less than 1%, no high-frequency bipolar current flows through the lamp, since this may cause problems with respect to detection at very low signal strengths.
  • a switch is made to a PWM operation.
  • the control and control unit 5 controls the high potential driver with PWM signals, so that accordingly the switch Ml is clocked with specified by the control and control unit 5 duty cycle.
  • the potential low switch M2 is preferably disabled by the control and control unit 5 in this mode.
  • the switch Ml is thus clocked in the manner of a switching regulator, and more specifically in the manner of a buck converter, wherein the duty cycle and / or the clocking determines the effective value (RMS value) of the current through the lamp.
  • the power control of the lamp thus takes place in this case by the control of the effective value of the current flowing through the lamp, this effective value is a function of the duty cycle and the maximum amplitude.
  • the control unit 5 determines that the RMS value of the RF current flowing through the lamp just above the threshold is exactly equal to the value that after switching to the further operation by the clocked DC power is generated.
  • this circuit also allows a start (ignition) of the lamp to a very low dimming value, for example, 0.1%.
  • a half-bridge operation (mutual activation of the switches Ml, M2) is first controlled and then the frequency is continuously reduced in the direction of the resonant frequency of the load circuit.
  • the control and control unit 5 detects, for example, based on the lamp current.
  • the control and control unit 5 switches from the half-bridge operation back to the PWM mode and regulates the lamp power to the dimming value of, for example, 0.1%.
  • FIG. 3 now shows an exemplary embodiment in which the control and / or control unit 5 actuates the following operating mode when a low dimming value is applied:
  • a transistor (rich or bipolar) M3 is connected in series with the lamp. More specifically, in the embodiment of Figure 3, the transistor is connected to the low potential side of the lamp and is now driven by the control and / or control unit 5 in the manner of a linear regulator during operation of the lamp with low dimming values.
  • a current iL a mp e / the amplitude of the driving of the linear regulator M3 depends.
  • the DC coupling resistor Rl is connected between the high potential electrode of the lamp and the bus or intermediate circuit voltage V Bus .
  • the inverter Ml, M2 has no function in this operating mode, as shown in FIG. 3, and can optionally be switched off.
  • a normal half-bridge operation can be triggered to ignite the I lamp by the control and control unit 5, and after the detection of the ignition of the lamp, the controller is immediately switched to the longitudinal controller control.
  • the lamp current in the embodiment of Figure 3 is to be referred to as a pure DC current.
  • the half-bridge circuit Ml, Ml can be switched off during operation of the lamp at low dimming values, since a transistor M3 is provided as a linear regulator.
  • the transistor M3 (again MOSFET or bipolar transistor) is connected to the bus voltage V bus on the high potential side of the lamp.
  • the transistor M3 is in turn driven by the control and control unit 5 operated as a linear regulator.
  • a high-voltage driver 6 with a further transistor M4 and a voltage divider R4, R5 is provided for driving the linear regulator M3 on the high-potential side of the lamp.
  • the linear regulator M3 is in the embodiment of Figure 4 (in contrast to the linear regulator of Figure 3) connected such that it does not depend on this HF when operating the lamp by driving the inverter Ml, M2 for generating a high-frequency bipolar current through the lamp. Current is flowed through, resulting in lower Ohmic losses of the circuit.
  • FIG. 5 a further embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 5, operated in the operation of the lamp with low dimming the potential higher switch Ml of the inverter Ml, M2 as a linear regulator.
  • the transistor M1 may in turn be a MOSFET or a bipolar transistor.
  • the potential lower switch M2 is preferably switched off in the operating mode at low dimming levels.
  • the invention proposes a cost-effective solution, as can be switched while maintaining the half-bridge arrangement (for higher dimming level) at low dimming levels of the operating mode of the frequency-controlled RF operation to another mode, such as the PWM mode or linear operation.
  • another mode such as the PWM mode or linear operation.
  • Operation at low dimming levels may deviate from continuous mode (firing mode) during ignition operation.

Landscapes

  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ballast électronique à gradation pour lampes à décharge qui présente : - une unité de commande électronique (5) conçue pour piloter de manière sélective le fonctionnement d'une lampe raccordée selon au moins les modes opératoires suivants : a.) au-delà d'un niveau de gradation défini, fonctionnement de la lampe avec un courant de lampe bipolaire à haute fréquence; et b.) en dessous du niveau de gradation défini, fonctionnement de la lampe avec un courant de lampe CC unipolaire éventuellement prioritaire sur un courant à haute fréquence.
PCT/EP2007/003066 2006-04-21 2007-04-04 Ballast électronique à gradation Ceased WO2007121840A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07724007A EP2011372A1 (fr) 2006-04-21 2007-04-04 Ballast électronique à gradation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200610018569 DE102006018569A1 (de) 2006-04-21 2006-04-21 Dimmbares elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
DE102006018569.2 2006-04-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007121840A1 true WO2007121840A1 (fr) 2007-11-01

Family

ID=37561344

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/003066 Ceased WO2007121840A1 (fr) 2006-04-21 2007-04-04 Ballast électronique à gradation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2011372A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006018569A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007121840A1 (fr)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5583402A (en) * 1994-01-31 1996-12-10 Magnetek, Inc. Symmetry control circuit and method
US6040661A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-03-21 Lumion Corporation Programmable universal lighting system
US6259215B1 (en) * 1998-08-20 2001-07-10 Romlight International, Inc. Electronic high intensity discharge ballast
WO2001087020A1 (fr) * 2000-04-27 2001-11-15 Lumion Corporation Circuit de commande de ballast universel
DE10051139A1 (de) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Tridonic Bauelemente Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Vollbrückenschaltung
WO2002079890A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 International Rectifier Corporation Regulateur fluorescent de gradation numerique
US20020145886A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Stevens Carlile R. Power inverter for driving alternating current loads
EP1309060A2 (fr) * 1997-05-16 2003-05-07 Denso Corporation Appareil haute-tension pour lampe à décharge
US20040160794A1 (en) * 1999-07-22 2004-08-19 Yung-Lin Lin High-efficiency adaptive DC/AC converter
DE10353425A1 (de) * 2003-11-15 2005-06-30 Diehl Luftfahrt Elektronik Gmbh Betriebsschaltung für eine Gasentladungslampe
US20050243580A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 Intersil Americas Inc. Apparatus and method of employing combined switching and PWM dimming signals to control brightness of cold cathode fluorescent lamps used to backlight liquid crystal displays

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5583402A (en) * 1994-01-31 1996-12-10 Magnetek, Inc. Symmetry control circuit and method
EP1309060A2 (fr) * 1997-05-16 2003-05-07 Denso Corporation Appareil haute-tension pour lampe à décharge
US6040661A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-03-21 Lumion Corporation Programmable universal lighting system
US6259215B1 (en) * 1998-08-20 2001-07-10 Romlight International, Inc. Electronic high intensity discharge ballast
US20040160794A1 (en) * 1999-07-22 2004-08-19 Yung-Lin Lin High-efficiency adaptive DC/AC converter
WO2001087020A1 (fr) * 2000-04-27 2001-11-15 Lumion Corporation Circuit de commande de ballast universel
DE10051139A1 (de) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-25 Tridonic Bauelemente Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Vollbrückenschaltung
WO2002079890A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 International Rectifier Corporation Regulateur fluorescent de gradation numerique
US20020145886A1 (en) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Stevens Carlile R. Power inverter for driving alternating current loads
DE10353425A1 (de) * 2003-11-15 2005-06-30 Diehl Luftfahrt Elektronik Gmbh Betriebsschaltung für eine Gasentladungslampe
US20050243580A1 (en) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-03 Intersil Americas Inc. Apparatus and method of employing combined switching and PWM dimming signals to control brightness of cold cathode fluorescent lamps used to backlight liquid crystal displays

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006018569A1 (de) 2007-10-25
EP2011372A1 (fr) 2009-01-07

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