WO2007125860A1 - 窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子の製造方法及び窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子、並びにランプ - Google Patents
窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子の製造方法及び窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子、並びにランプ Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/58—After-treatment
- C23C14/5806—Thermal treatment
- C23C14/5813—Thermal treatment using lasers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/086—Oxides of zinc, germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, thallium or bismuth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/83—Electrodes
- H10H20/832—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H10H20/833—Transparent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10H20/032—Manufacture or treatment of electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/81—Bodies
- H10H20/822—Materials of the light-emitting regions
- H10H20/824—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP
- H10H20/825—Materials of the light-emitting regions comprising only Group III-V materials, e.g. GaP containing nitrogen, e.g. GaN
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and in particular, a manufacturing method for obtaining a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device with a low driving voltage (Vf) and a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device.
- the present invention relates to an element and a lamp.
- GaN-based compound semiconductor materials which are nitride-based semiconductors, have attracted attention as semiconductor materials for short-wavelength light-emitting devices.
- GaN-based compound semiconductors include sapphire single crystals, various oxides and III-V compounds as substrates, and metal organic vapor phase chemical reaction (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on this substrate. Method).
- a characteristic of gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting devices is that current diffusion in the lateral direction is small. For this reason, current is injected only into the semiconductor directly under the electrode, and light emitted from the light emitting layer immediately under the electrode is blocked by the electrode, making it difficult to extract the light outside the light emitting element. Therefore, in such a light emitting element, a transparent electrode is usually used as a positive electrode, and light is extracted through the positive electrode.
- a positive electrode made of a transparent electrode a well-known conductive material such as NiZAu or ITO (In 2 O 3 SnO 2)
- a metal such as NiZAu has a low light transmittance, although its contact resistance with the p-type semiconductor layer is small.
- an oxide such as ITO has a high light transmittance, but has a large contact resistance.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-9 129919
- thermal annealing at a temperature of 300 ° C or higher is performed in order to reduce the specific resistance of the conductive oxide film. There is a way to do it. This thermal annealing process increases oxygen vacancies in the conductive oxide film and increases the carrier concentration of the conductive oxide film. This increase in carrier concentration reduces the specific resistance of the conductive oxide film.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a method for manufacturing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device with a low driving voltage (Vf) and a high light extraction efficiency, a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and The purpose is to provide a lamp.
- the inventor of the present invention has completed the present invention as a result of intensive investigations to solve the above problems.
- the present invention relates to the following.
- a method for manufacturing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device in which a light-transmitting conductive oxide film containing a dopant is stacked on a p-type semiconductor layer of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device.
- a nitriding process comprising a laser annealing step of laminating a light-conductive conductive oxide film and then annealing the light-transmitting conductive oxide film using a laser.
- a method for manufacturing a gallium compound semiconductor light emitting device comprising a laser annealing step of laminating a light-conductive conductive oxide film and then annealing the light-transmitting conductive oxide film using a laser.
- At least one of the pre-process and post-process of the laser annealing process includes a thermal annealing process in which a thermal annealing process is performed on the translucent conductive oxide film at a temperature in a range of 200 to 300 ° C.
- the laser laser process is characterized in that an annealing process is performed by using a KrF excimer laser or an ArF excimer laser as an excimer laser.
- Gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device Gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device.
- the laser energy density of the excimer laser in ⁇ Neil process is characterized in that in the range of 50 ⁇ 1000micm _2 [1] ⁇ [ 4] a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting according to any one of Device manufacturing method.
- the laser annealing process is characterized in that the translucent conductive film is irradiated with an excimer laser pulse in a range of 2 to 2000 times. Any one of [1] to [6] 1 The manufacturing method of the gallium nitride type compound semiconductor light-emitting device of description.
- the laser annealing step is characterized in that the translucent conductive film is irradiated with an excimer laser pulse in the range of 2 to 200 times.
- [1] to [6] The manufacturing method of the gallium nitride type compound semiconductor light-emitting device of description.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of [1] to [8] above.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device in which a light-transmitting conductive oxide film containing a dopant is laminated on a p-type semiconductor layer of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device, wherein the P-type semiconductor layer is The concentration of the element formed in the translucent conductive oxide film is A gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device characterized in that it is 20% or less within a range of 2 nm or less from the interface between the translucent conductive oxide film and the p-type semiconductor layer.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device in which a light-transmitting conductive oxide film containing a dopant is laminated on a p-type semiconductor layer of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device, wherein the P-type semiconductor layer is The concentration of the element formed in the translucent conductive oxide film is 20 ⁇ % or less within a range of lnm from the interface between the translucent conductive oxide film and the P-type semiconductor layer.
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device in which a light-transmitting conductive oxide film containing a dopant is laminated on a p-type semiconductor layer of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device, wherein the P-type semiconductor layer is The concentration of the element formed in the translucent conductive oxide film is 20 ⁇ % or less within a range of lnm from the interface between the translucent conductive oxide film and the P-type semiconductor layer.
- the translucent conductive oxide film is made of ITO, AZO, IZO, GZO, ZnO-based conductor, TiO
- gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting element according to [10] or [11], wherein the group power of the two-system conductor is at least one material force selected.
- the thickness of the translucent conductive oxide film is 35 ⁇ !
- the translucent conductive oxide film has a thickness of ⁇ !
- the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting element according to any one of [10] to [13], wherein the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting element is in a range of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention, and is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device of the present invention, and is a schematic diagram showing a plan view structure.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of gallium nitride compound semiconductors.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically illustrating a lamp configured using the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting element of the present invention.
- Gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device semiconductor light emitting device
- the method for producing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device of the present invention is a method for laminating a light-transmitting conductive oxide film containing a dopant on a p-type semiconductor layer of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device.
- the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is laminated, and then laser annealing is performed on the light-transmitting conductive oxide film using a laser.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as a semiconductor light-emitting device) of the present invention.
- reference numeral 11 is a substrate
- 12 is an n-type semiconductor layer
- 13 is a light emitting layer
- 14 is a p-type semiconductor layer
- 15 is a translucent conductive oxide film
- 16 is a positive electrode bonding pad
- 17 is a negative electrode.
- a substrate 11, an n-type semiconductor layer 12, a light emitting layer 13, and a p-type semiconductor layer 14 are laminated in this order, and a translucent positive electrode is formed on the p-type semiconductor layer 14.
- a translucent conductive oxide film 15 is laminated, and the concentration of Ga element forming the p-type semiconductor layer 14 in the translucent conductive oxide film 15 is different from that of the translucent conductive oxide film 15 and p. 20 at% or less within the range of 2 nm or less from the interface with the type semiconductor layer 14, more preferably 20 at% or less within the range of 1 nm or less.
- Substrate materials such as oxide single crystals, Si single crystals, SiC single crystals, GaAs single crystals, A1N single crystals, GaN single crystals, and boride single crystals such as ZrB are well known.
- any substrate material including these known substrate materials can be used without any limitation.
- sapphire single crystals and SiC single crystals are particularly preferred.
- the plane orientation of the substrate is not particularly limited. Also, a just substrate or a substrate with an off angle may be used.
- an n-type semiconductor layer (n-type GaN layer) 12 On the substrate 11, an n-type semiconductor layer (n-type GaN layer) 12, a light emitting layer 13, and a p-type semiconductor layer (p-type GaN layer) 14 are laminated in this order, and various structures are well known. These well-known ones can be used without any limitation.
- the p-type semiconductor layer is low carrier concentration of Yogu relatively carrier concentration be used as a general concentration, even for example 1 X 10 17 cm_ 3 about the p-type semiconductor layer, the present invention
- a light-transmitting conductive oxide film can be laminated and used.
- nitride compound semiconductor for example, the general formula Al Ga In N M (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1, 0
- the symbol ⁇ represents a group V element different from nitrogen ( ⁇ ), where 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1.
- a large number of nitride compound semiconductors represented by the general formula Al Ga I are also included in the present invention, including these known nitride compound semiconductors.
- N) represents another group V element, 0 ⁇ A ⁇ 1.
- the gallium nitride compound semiconductor represented by) can be used without any limitation.
- the growth method of the nitride-based compound semiconductor is not particularly limited, and nitride semiconductors such as MOCVD (metal organic chemical vapor deposition), HVPE (hydride vapor deposition), MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) are used. All methods known to grow can be applied.
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- HVPE hydrogen vapor deposition
- MBE molecular beam epitaxy
- All methods known to grow can be applied.
- a preferred growth method is the MOCVD method, which has the advantages of film thickness controllability and mass productivity.
- SiH monosilane
- disilane SiH
- germanium is used as the Ge material.
- Organic germanium compounds such as (C H) Ge can be used.
- elemental germanium can also be used as a doping source.
- Mg raw materials such as biscyclopentagel magnesium (Cp Mg) or biseth
- an unillustrated film made of A1N is formed on a substrate 21 having a sapphire force, such as a gallium nitride compound semiconductor 20 having a multilayer structure as shown in FIG. GaN underlayer 22, n-type GaN contact layer 23, n-type AlGaN cladding layer 24, light-emitting layer 25 made of InGaN, p-type AlGaN cladding layer 26, p-type GaN contact layer 27 Can be used.
- a conventionally known negative electrode made of, for example, TiZAu is provided on the n-type GaN contact layer 23, and a positive electrode (translucent light is transmitted on the p-type GaN contact layer 27.
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device can be formed.
- the translucent conductive oxide film 15 is stacked on and in contact with at least the p-type semiconductor layer (p-type GaN layer) 14. A part of the translucent conductive oxide film 15 is provided with a positive electrode bonding pad 16 for electrical connection with a circuit board or a lead frame.
- the concentration of Ga element forming the p-type semiconductor layer 14 in the translucent conductive oxide film 15 is such that the translucent conductive oxide film 15 It is preferably 20 at% or less in the range of 2 nm or less from the interface between the p-type semiconductor layer 14 and more preferably 20 at% or less in the range of 1 nm or less.
- the concentration of the element forming the P-type semiconductor layer in the light-transmitting conductive oxide film within the above range, the specific resistance of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is reduced.
- the contact resistance between the translucent conductive oxide film can be reduced.
- a semiconductor light emitting device having a low driving voltage (Vf) can be obtained.
- any known material can be used for the light-transmitting conductive oxide film without any limitation.
- ITO lan O—SnO
- AZO ZnO—Al O
- IZO ZnO—In O
- ITO when it is desired to reduce the driving voltage (Vf), ITO can obtain a low specific resistance, so it is sufficient to use a material containing at least ITO.
- Vf driving voltage
- AZO or GZO these specific resistances are higher than the specific resistance of ITO, so the drive voltage (Vf) is higher than the drive voltage (Vf) when using ITO.
- ZnO is deposited, ZnO present in AZO and GZO has a grain boundary, but epitaxy grows, so it has better crystallinity than ITO. Therefore, it is possible to form a light-transmitting conductive oxide film with less strength and less strength than ITO.
- a translucent conductive oxide film having a composition in the vicinity of the dopant concentration at which the specific resistance is lowest is preferable to use.
- the Sn concentration in ITO is preferably in the range of 5 to 20% by mass.
- ITO having a Sn concentration in the range of 7.5 to 12.5% by mass may be used.
- the thickness of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is such that a low specific resistance and a high transmittance can be obtained. It is preferably in the range of ⁇ 10000 nm (10 m). Furthermore, from the viewpoint of production cost, the thickness of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is more preferably 1000 nm (l ⁇ m) or less.
- the positive electrode bonding pad 16 is formed on the translucent conductive oxide film layer 15, and various structures using materials such as Au, Al, Ni, and Cu are well known. It can be used without.
- the thickness of the positive electrode bonding pad 16 is preferably in the range of 100 to 1000 nm. In addition, in view of the characteristics of the bonding pad, the bond thickness becomes higher when the thickness is larger. Therefore, the thickness of the positive electrode bonding pad 16 is more preferably 300 nm or more. Further, it is preferably 500 nm or less from the viewpoint of production cost.
- the negative electrode 17 is formed on the substrate 11 so as to be in contact with the n-type semiconductor layer 12 of the gallium nitride compound semiconductor in which the n-type semiconductor layer 12, the light emitting layer 13, and the p-type semiconductor layer 14 are sequentially stacked. It is.
- the light emitting layer 13 and the p-type semiconductor layer 14 are partially removed to expose the n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- a translucent conductive oxide film 15 is formed on the remaining p-type semiconductor layer 14, and a negative electrode 17 is formed on the exposed n-type semiconductor layer 12.
- negative electrodes having various compositions and structures are known, and these known negative electrodes can be used without any limitation.
- the method for producing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device of the present invention has a translucent conductive material containing a dopant on the p-type semiconductor layer 14 of the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor device 1 as shown in FIG.
- the light-transmitting conductive oxide film 15 is roughly structured as a method including a laser annealing process in which annealing is performed using a laser.
- a known method used for forming a thin film can be used without any limitation.
- a sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, or the like can be used.
- ITO is used as the translucent conductive oxide film and vacuum evaporation is performed.
- the film is deposited by the deposition method, the ITO transmittance is low and a thermal annealing process of about 600 ° C is required. Therefore, the element is not bonded at the interface between the translucent conductive oxide film and the P-type semiconductor layer. Diffusion occurs and the specific resistance reduction by laser annealing is insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to select a film-forming method such as a sputtering method so that the transmittance immediately after the film formation is higher for the film formation of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film.
- the light-transmitting conductive oxide film layer 15 is laminated on the p-type semiconductor layer 14, and then the laser annealing process using a laser is performed in the laser annealing process.
- the specific resistance of the conductive oxide film 15 can be lowered.
- an excimer laser As the excimer laser, a KrF excimer laser having a wavelength of 248 nm or an ArF excimer laser having a wavelength of 193 nm can be used. By performing laser annealing using an excimer laser having these wavelengths, the specific resistance of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film can be effectively reduced, and as a result, the p-type semiconductor layer and the light-transmitting conductive film can be reduced. The contact resistance with the oxide film can be effectively reduced.
- a translucent conductive oxide film such as ITO is transparent in the visible light region, but light with a wavelength of 300 nm or less is almost absorbed. Therefore, by using a KrF excimer laser or ArF excimer laser with a wavelength of 300 nm or less, the laser light is almost absorbed by the translucent conductive oxide film if the energy density is within the range used for laser annealing. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the diffusion and suppression of Ga with almost no damage to the p-type semiconductor layer by the laser.
- the excimer laser can be irradiated to the light-transmitting conductive oxide film by pulse irradiation.
- the number of times is preferably in the range of 2 to 2000 times.
- the pulse width is preferably in the range of 5 to lOOns.
- the pulse width and the number of times of excimer laser pulse irradiation are within this range, the specific resistance of the translucent conductive oxide film is effectively reduced, and the p-type semiconductor layer and the translucent conductive oxide film are reduced.
- the contact resistance is reduced, and the light extraction efficiency of the semiconductor light emitting device is improved. Also, considering productivity, the number of times of excimer laser pulse irradiation is 2
- the beam size of the excimer laser is not particularly limited, and the specific resistance of the translucent conductive oxide film is not affected by this beam size. However, if the beam size is too large, the energy distribution of the laser is reduced. There is a risk of getting worse. For this reason, for example, the energy density is
- the laser annealing step may include a step of forming an uneven shape on the surface of the translucent conductive oxide film 15 using an excimer laser.
- a concavo-convex shape preferably a disordered concavo-convex shape on the surface of the translucent conductive oxide film 15
- the light extraction efficiency of the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting element 1 can be improved and the light output can be improved. It becomes possible.
- the surface of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is formed without causing plasma damage. Can do.
- a concavo-convex shape having a size of 1 ⁇ m or less which is difficult to form by a patterning process using photolithography, etc., can also be formed in the laser annealing process of the present invention. Therefore, the laser annealing process of the present invention can simultaneously perform two processes of reducing the specific resistance of the translucent conductive oxide film and forming the irregular shape on the surface of the translucent conductive oxide film. .
- the p-type semiconductor layer 14 When the p-type semiconductor layer 14 is directly irradiated with a laser, the energy of the excimer laser is large! /, And the crystallinity of the GaN constituting the p-type semiconductor layer 14 is deteriorated. Metal elements in the semiconductor layer 14 may precipitate on the surface of the p-type semiconductor layer 14. For this reason, it is preferable to irradiate only the surface of the translucent conductive oxide film 15 with the excimer laser.
- a p-type semiconductor layer is formed by performing the laser annealing process on the light-transmitting conductive oxide film by including the laser annealing process as described above.
- the concentration of Ga element in the translucent conductive oxide film is different from that of the translucent conductive oxide film and p-type semiconductor. It is possible to obtain a semiconductor light emitting device having 20 at% or less within a range of 2 nm or less from the interface with the layer, more preferably 20 at% or less within a range of 1 nm or less.
- the concentration of Ga element in the light-transmitting conductive oxide film within the above range, the specific resistance of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is reduced, and as a result, between the p-type semiconductor layer and the light-transmitting conductive oxide film. It is possible to reduce the contact resistance. This makes it possible to reduce the driving voltage (Vf) of the semiconductor light emitting element.
- the method for producing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device of the present invention includes a range of 200 to 300 ° C. with respect to the light-transmitting conductive oxide film 15 in at least one of the pre-process and post-process of the laser annealing process. It can be set as the structure provided with the thermal annealing process which performs a thermal annealing process at the temperature of this.
- the thermal annealing process of the present invention is a process for performing a thermal annealing process by means other than the laser annealing.
- the transmittance is lower than that of the translucent conductive oxide film subjected to the thermal annealing process. Lower. Therefore, by performing both the laser annealing process and the thermal annealing process, a light-transmitting conductive oxide film having a low specific resistance and a high transmittance can be obtained.
- thermal annealing it is preferable to perform the annealing at a temperature of 300 ° C or lower, at which the diffusion of Ga hardly occurs at the interface between the translucent conductive oxide film and the p-type semiconductor layer. It is more preferable to perform at a temperature in the range! /.
- the treatment atmosphere in the thermal annealing process is preferably an atmosphere containing oxygen (O 2) in order to further increase the transmittance of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film.
- the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention as described above can be used to form a lamp with a transparent cover, for example, by means well known to those skilled in the art.
- a white lamp can be configured by combining the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention and a cover having a phosphor.
- the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device of the present invention can be configured as an LED lamp without any limitation using a conventionally known method.
- the lamp can be used for any purpose such as a general-purpose bullet type, a side view type for portable backlight use, and a top view type used for a display.
- the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device 1 is coated on one of the two frames 31 and 32 as shown in the example of the drawing. Then, the positive electrode bonding pad and the negative electrode bonding pad are bonded to the frames 31 and 32 using wires 33 and 34 having a material strength such as gold, respectively. Thereafter, a shell-type lamp 30 can be manufactured by molding the periphery of the element with a transparent resin (see mold 35 in FIG. 4).
- the light emitting device of the present invention has a low driving voltage (Vf) and excellent light extraction efficiency, it is possible to realize a lamp having excellent light emission characteristics.
- a translucent conductive oxide film is laminated on the p-type semiconductor layer of the gallium nitride compound semiconductor device.
- the light-transmitting conductive oxide film is subjected to a laser annealing process.
- a laser annealing process it is possible to suppress the diffusion of elements at the interface between the p-type semiconductor layer and the translucent conductive oxide film, compared to the case where only the thermal annealing treatment is performed.
- the specific resistance can be reduced, and the contact resistance between the translucent conductive oxide film and the p-type semiconductor layer can be reduced.
- a thermal annealing process in a temperature range of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. is performed either before or after the laser annealing process.
- the transmittance of the translucent conductive oxide film can be increased.
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device having a further excellent light emission output can be obtained as compared with a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device subjected only to laser annealing treatment. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting device with a low driving voltage (Vf) and high light emission output.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an epitaxial structure fabricated for use in the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device of this experimental example.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a schematic sectional view and a schematic plan view of the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting device of the present invention, which will be described below with appropriate reference.
- the laminated structure of the GaN-based compound semiconductor light-emitting element 20 is sequentially formed on a substrate 21 composed of a sapphire c-plane ((001) crystal plane) via a nofer layer (not shown) having an A1N force.
- a substrate 21 composed of a sapphire c-plane ((001) crystal plane) via a nofer layer (not shown) having an A1N force.
- Undoped GaN underlayer 2 m) 22
- Si-doped n-type Al Ga N cladding layer (
- the constituent layers 22 to 27 of the stacked structure of the gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light emitting device 20 were grown by a general low pressure MOCVD means.
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device (see FIG. 1) was fabricated using the above epitaxial structure of the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device 20.
- ITO was deposited to a thickness of approximately 250 nm by DC magnetron sputtering. For sputtering, SnO
- a 0 degree target of 10% by mass at 2 degrees was used, and the pressure during ITO film formation was about 0.3 Pa.
- the light-transmitting conductive oxide film of the present invention (see reference numeral 15 in FIGS. 1 and 2) was formed on the p-type GaN contact layer 27.
- the positive electrode made of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film formed by the above-described method showed high light-transmitting properties and had a transmittance of 90% or more in the 46 Onm wavelength region.
- the light transmittance was measured with a spectrophotometer using a transmittance measurement sample in which a light-transmitting conductive oxide film having the same thickness as described above was laminated on a glass plate.
- the light transmittance value was calculated in consideration of the light transmission blank value measured only with the glass plate.
- a first layer (layer thickness 40 nm) made of Cr is formed on a part of the light-transmitting conductive oxide film (positive electrode) and the Si-doped n-type GaN contact layer 23 by vacuum deposition.
- the back surface of the substrate having sapphire force was polished using a cannonball such as diamond fine particles, and finally finished to a mirror surface.
- the stacked structure was cut, separated into individual 350 m square chips, placed in a lead frame shape, and then connected to the lead frame with gold (Au) wire.
- the forward voltage (driving voltage: Vf) at a current applied value of 20 mA was measured, it was 3.3 V.
- the light emission output (Po) measured with a general integrating sphere was 10 mW, and it was confirmed that the light emission distribution on the light emitting surface was emitted over the entire surface of the translucent conductive oxide film.
- Cross-sectional TEM EDX analysis shows that the interfacial force between the p-type GaN contact layer 27 and the light-transmitting conductive oxide film layer (positive electrode) toward the light-transmitting conductive oxide film side. See the concentration Piled up.
- the Ga concentration in this translucent conductive oxide film is defined by the ratio (at%) to the metal element (In + Sn + Ga + Al) that is considered to exist near the interface in the translucent conductive oxide film. did.
- the Ga concentration in the light-transmitting conductive oxide film was 10 at% and 6 at%, respectively, at lnm and 2nm from the interface, and a semiconductor light emitting device subjected to thermal annealing at 600 ° C, which will be described later (experimental). It was confirmed that Ga diffusion was smaller than in Example 6).
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that laser annealing was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1 below for the number of excimer laser pulse irradiations.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that laser annealing with an excimer laser was not performed.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that the thermal annealing treatment was performed at the temperature shown in Table 1 without performing the laser annealing treatment.
- Nitriding is performed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that either the pre-process or post-process of the laser annealing process is provided with a thermal annealing process with the conditions shown in Table 1 below.
- a gallium compound semiconductor light emitting device was fabricated.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1. [0067] [Experiment 14]
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that a light-transmitting conductive oxide film was formed by vacuum evaporation using ITO.
- a light-transmitting conductive oxide film is deposited by vacuum evaporation using ITO, and a gallium nitride compound semiconductor is formed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that it does not perform laser beam processing.
- a light emitting element was manufactured.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that a light-transmitting conductive oxide film was formed using AZO.
- a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that the thermal annealing treatment was performed at a temperature of 250 ° C.
- a gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, except that the thermal annealing treatment was performed at a temperature of 100 ° C.
- Table 1 shows a list of film-forming conditions and device characteristics of the light-transmitting conductive oxide films of Experimental Examples 1 to 24 described above. Table 1 also shows the interfacial force between the p-type GaN contact layer and the light-transmitting conductive oxide film layer, and the Ga concentration at a position 1 nm away from the light-transmitting conductive oxide film layer. .
- the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device in Experimental Example 1 was irradiated with a pulse of 150 mjcm- 2 KrF excimer laser once and laser annealed.
- Vf was 3.3V
- the light emission output (Po) was 10mW.
- the Ga concentration at a position within 2 nm from the interface between the p-type GaN layer and the ITO layer to the ITO side was less than 10%. This is similar to the case where the laser annealing treatment was not performed as in the semiconductor light emitting device of Experimental Example 6, as in the case of the semiconductor light emitting device of Experimental Example 5 where the laser annealing treatment was not performed. It can also be seen that the Ga concentration is low and the Vf is low.
- Vf was 3.3 V and Po was 10 mW, which was as high as when a KrF excimer laser was used. Device characteristics were obtained.
- Vf was very high at 3.7V. This indicates that laser irradiation on the p-type GaN surface increases Vf.
- the Po power was as low as S8 mW, and the device characteristics were low.
- Vf was 3.3 V and Po was 10 mW.
- the gallium nitride compound semiconductor light-emitting device obtained by the production method of the present invention has excellent light extraction efficiency and high device characteristics with low starting voltage (Vf). It became clear that.
- the present invention can be applied to a method for manufacturing a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and in particular, a manufacturing method for obtaining a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device with a low driving voltage (Vf) and a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor It can be applied to a light emitting element and a lamp.
- Vf driving voltage
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/297,989 US8207003B2 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-04-23 | Method of manufacturing gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and lamp |
| CN200780014544.1A CN101427390B (zh) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-04-23 | 氮化镓系化合物半导体发光元件的制造方法、氮化镓系化合物半导体发光元件和灯 |
| EP07742162.6A EP2012372B1 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-04-23 | Method for manufacturing gallium nitride compound semiconductor light emitting element |
| US13/480,373 US20120228665A1 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2012-05-24 | Method of manufacturing gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-119207 | 2006-04-24 | ||
| JP2006119207A JP5068475B2 (ja) | 2006-04-24 | 2006-04-24 | 窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子の製造方法及び窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子、並びにランプ |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/480,373 Division US20120228665A1 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2012-05-24 | Method of manufacturing gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor light-emitting device, and lamp |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2007125860A1 true WO2007125860A1 (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
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| PCT/JP2007/058727 Ceased WO2007125860A1 (ja) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-04-23 | 窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子の製造方法及び窒化ガリウム系化合物半導体発光素子、並びにランプ |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8207003B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2012372B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5068475B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101081691B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101427390B (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW200812112A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007125860A1 (ja) |
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| JP2010251704A (ja) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-04 | Lg Display Co Ltd | 太陽電池の製造方法 |
| JP2011101000A (ja) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-19 | Ultratech Inc | GaNLED用レーザスパイクアニール |
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| JP2009231523A (ja) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-10-08 | Sony Corp | 半導体発光素子及びその製造方法 |
| JP2010251704A (ja) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-04 | Lg Display Co Ltd | 太陽電池の製造方法 |
| JP2011101000A (ja) * | 2009-11-06 | 2011-05-19 | Ultratech Inc | GaNLED用レーザスパイクアニール |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2012372A1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
| KR20080108559A (ko) | 2008-12-15 |
| CN101427390B (zh) | 2016-02-03 |
| JP2007294578A (ja) | 2007-11-08 |
| EP2012372B1 (en) | 2019-01-16 |
| TW200812112A (en) | 2008-03-01 |
| US20120228665A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
| EP2012372A4 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
| US8207003B2 (en) | 2012-06-26 |
| KR101081691B1 (ko) | 2011-11-09 |
| JP5068475B2 (ja) | 2012-11-07 |
| US20090090922A1 (en) | 2009-04-09 |
| CN101427390A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
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