WO2007132803A1 - 冷凍装置 - Google Patents
冷凍装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007132803A1 WO2007132803A1 PCT/JP2007/059844 JP2007059844W WO2007132803A1 WO 2007132803 A1 WO2007132803 A1 WO 2007132803A1 JP 2007059844 W JP2007059844 W JP 2007059844W WO 2007132803 A1 WO2007132803 A1 WO 2007132803A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- compressor
- refrigerant circuit
- evaporator
- temperature side
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/002—Collecting refrigerant from a cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
- F25B2400/161—Receivers arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/26—Problems to be solved characterised by the startup of the refrigeration cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit that exhibits a cooling action by condensing and evaporating refrigerant discharged from a compressor.
- a refrigeration apparatus using a compressor is configured by a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a capillary one tube (decompression unit), and an evaporator are connected in a ring shape.
- this refrigerant circuit when a predetermined refrigerant is sealed and the compressor is operated, the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor is condensed in the condenser and becomes a heat radiation liquid, It is depressurized by a cantilever reach tube, flows into the evaporator and evaporates, absorbs heat of vaporization from the surroundings, cools the evaporator, and returns to the compressor.
- a tank (hereinafter referred to as an expansion tank) is connected to the suction side piping of the compressor via a decompressor, and when the compressor is stopped, the refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit Accumulate.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A 62-73046
- the expansion tank is provided with the pressure reducer, so that the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit can be quickly collected in the expansion tank when the compressor is stopped.
- the compressor is restarted while the refrigerant circuit is in a high pressure state, there is a problem that the load applied to the compressor increases. For this reason, when waiting for the compressor to restart until the equilibrium pressure is reached, the operating rate of the compressor decreases, and the time required for pull-down operation when the refrigeration system is turned on becomes very long. There was a problem that.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional technical problem, and compression Provided is a refrigeration apparatus that enables the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit to be quickly collected in the expansion tank when the machine is stopped, and that the load applied to the compressor at the time of restarting can be reduced.
- the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit that condenses and evaporates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and exerts a cooling action, and is provided with a decompression device in a pipe on the suction side of the compressor.
- a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device, and the tank direction is the forward direction of the check valve.
- the refrigeration apparatus includes a high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and a low-temperature side refrigerant circuit that constitute an independent refrigerant closed circuit that condenses and evaporates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor force and exhibits a cooling action.
- the evaporator of the high temperature side refrigerant circuit and the condenser of the low temperature side refrigerant circuit constitute a cascade heat exchanger, and an ultra low temperature is obtained by the evaporator of the low temperature side refrigerant circuit.
- a tank connected to the suction side of the compressor of the circuit via a pressure reducing device, a check valve connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device, and the direction of the tank is the forward direction of the check valve To do.
- the refrigeration apparatus of the invention of claim 3 includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers connected in series so that a return refrigerant from the evaporator flows, and a plurality of decompression apparatuses. Multiple types of non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture are enclosed, and the condensed refrigerant in the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is joined to the intermediate heat exchanger via the decompression device, and the intermediate heat exchanger uses the intermediate heat exchanger to condense the uncondensed refrigerant.
- the refrigerant having a lower boiling point is condensed sequentially, and the refrigerant having the lowest boiling point is flowed into the evaporator via the final-stage decompression device.
- the pipe is provided with a tank connected via a pressure reducing device, a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device, and the direction of the tank is the forward direction of the check valve.
- the refrigeration apparatus includes a high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and a low-temperature side refrigerant circuit that constitute an independent refrigerant closed circuit that condenses and evaporates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor force and exhibits a cooling action.
- the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers connected in series so that a return refrigerant from the evaporator flows, and a plurality of decompression devices.
- a refrigerant that has been filled with multiple types of non-azeotropic refrigerant and passed through a condenser
- the condensed refrigerant in the refrigerant is joined to the intermediate heat exchanger via the decompression device, and the uncondensed refrigerant in the refrigerant is cooled by the intermediate heat exchanger, so that the refrigerant having a lower boiling point is condensed sequentially, and the decompression device in the final stage
- the refrigerant with the lowest boiling point is caused to flow into the evaporator via the chiller, and a cascade heat exchanger is formed by the evaporator in the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and the condenser in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit.
- a tank connected to the suction side piping of the compressor of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit via a pressure reducing device is connected, and a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device to change the direction of the tank. It is characterized by the forward direction of the check valve.
- the suction side piping of the compressor is connected to the suction side via the decompression device.
- the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is stopped when the compressor is stopped. It is possible to quickly collect in the tank via
- the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit constituting independent refrigerant closed circuits that exhibit the cooling action by condensing and evaporating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, respectively.
- the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit is configured to form a cascade heat exchanger with the evaporator of the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and the condenser of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit, and obtain an ultra-low temperature with the evaporator of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit.
- the compressor is equipped with a tank connected to the suction side piping of a compressor through a pressure reducing device, a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device, and the tank direction is the forward direction of the check valve.
- a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device, and the tank direction is the forward direction of the check valve.
- the pressure of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit When the compressor is stopped, the refrigerant in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit can be quickly collected into the tank via the check valve.
- the pressure in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit can be quickly balanced, and the compressor is compressed when the compressor is restarted.
- the compressor can be restarted smoothly without imposing a load on the machine.
- the operation efficiency of the compressor can be improved, for example, the time required for the pull-down operation can be shortened, and the convenience can be improved.
- the apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers connected in series so that a return refrigerant from the evaporator flows, and a plurality of pressure reducing devices.
- the compressor can be restarted smoothly without applying a load.
- the operation efficiency of the compressor can be improved, for example, the time required for the pull-down operation can be shortened, and the convenience can be improved.
- the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit that constitute independent refrigerant closed circuits that exhibit the cooling action by condensing and evaporating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor, respectively.
- the low-temperature-side refrigerant circuit has a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers connected in series so that a return refrigerant from the evaporator flows, and a plurality of decompression devices.
- a plurality of types of non-azeotropic refrigerant mixtures are enclosed, and condensed refrigerant in the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is joined to the intermediate heat exchanger via the decompression device, and uncondensed refrigerant in the refrigerant is removed by the intermediate heat exchanger.
- the lower boiling point refrigerant is condensed sequentially, and the lowest boiling point refrigerant is allowed to flow into the evaporator via the final-stage depressurizer, and the evaporator of the high temperature side refrigerant circuit and the low temperature side refrigerant circuit are condensed.
- a cascade heat exchanger In a refrigeration system that obtains ultra-low temperature with an evaporator, a tank connected to the suction side piping of the compressor of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit via a pressure reducing device is connected, and a check valve is connected in parallel to the pressure reducing device.
- the refrigerant in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit is quickly transferred to the tank via the check valve when the compressor of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit is stopped. Can be recovered.
- the pressure in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit can be quickly balanced, and the compressor is compressed when the compressor is restarted.
- the compressor can be restarted smoothly without imposing a load on the machine.
- the operation efficiency of the compressor can be improved, for example, the time required for the pull-down operation can be shortened, and the convenience can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refrigeration apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the refrigeration apparatus 1
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the refrigeration apparatus 1
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a storage chamber 4 of the refrigeration apparatus 1.
- FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the refrigeration apparatus 1 with the top panel 5 opened.
- the refrigeration apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is suitable for ultra-low temperature storage of, for example, a living tissue or specimen that is stored at low temperature for a long period of time, and opens on the upper surface.
- the main body is composed of the heat insulating box 2 and the machine room 3 which is located on the side of the heat insulating box 2 and in which the compressor 10 and the like are installed.
- the heat insulation box 2 is composed of a steel plate outer box 6 with an open upper surface, V, a metal inner box 7 having good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, and both of these boxes 6, 7.
- Breaker 8 made of synthetic resin that connects between the upper ends, and heat insulating material 9 made of polyurethane resin filled in the space enclosed by these outer box 6, inner box 7 and breaker 8 by on-site foaming method
- the interior of the inner box 7 is a storage chamber 4 with an open top surface.
- the heat insulating box 2 that partitions the storage chamber 4 from the outside air.
- the heat insulation capacity is required.
- the heat insulation capability only with the above-described heat insulating material 9 made of polyurethane resin, it must be formed extremely thick, and with a limited body size, the storage capacity in the storage chamber 4 is limited. There is a problem that it is not possible to secure enough.
- the heat insulating box 2 in the present embodiment is made of glass wool on each inner wall surface of the side wall 6C located on the side opposite to the side where the front wall 6A, the rear wall 6B and the machine room 3 of the outer box 6 are provided.
- the vacuum heat insulation panel 12 is arranged and temporarily fixed with double-sided adhesive tape, and then the heat insulation material 9 is filled between these boxes 6 and 7 by an in-situ foaming method.
- the vacuum heat insulating panel 12 stores glass wool having heat insulation properties in a container formed of a multilayer film having strength such as aluminum and non-breathable aluminum or synthetic resin. After that, the air in the container is discharged by a predetermined evacuation means, and the opening of the container is joined by thermal welding. Therefore, the vacuum heat insulation panel 12 can obtain the same heat insulation effect while making the thickness of the heat insulating material 9 thinner than before due to the heat insulation performance.
- an evaporator (evaporation pipe) 62 constituting a refrigerant circuit of a cooling device R, which will be described in detail later, is attached to the peripheral surface of the inner box 7 on the heat insulating material 9 side in a heat exchange manner.
- the upper surface of the breaker 8 of the heat insulating box 2 configured as described above is formed in a stepped shape as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, and there is a heat insulating door through a packing (not shown). 13 is provided at one end, and in this embodiment, is pivotally provided by pivot members 14 and 14 around the rear end. Further, the upper opening of the storage chamber 4 is provided with an inner lid 15 made of a heat insulating material so as to be freely opened and closed. In addition, a pressing portion configured to protrude downward is formed on the lower surface of the heat insulating door 13, whereby the pressing portion of the heat insulating door 13 presses the inner lid 15, thereby the storage chamber 4.
- the top opening is closed so as to be openable and closable.
- a handle portion 16 is provided at the other end of the heat insulating door 13, that is, the front end in the present embodiment, and the heat insulating door 13 is opened and closed by operating the handle portion 16.
- the machine room 3 is provided by a side panel 3B that constitutes a side surface opposite to the side on which the front panel 3A, a rear panel (not shown) and the heat insulation box 2 are provided. It is The machine room 3 in this embodiment is provided with a partition plate 17 that divides the interior vertically. Below the partition plate 17, the compressors 10, 20 and the like constituting the cooling device R as described above are accommodated and installed. The front panel 3A and the side panel 3B located below the partition plate 17 are provided with ventilation holes. A slit 3C is formed.
- an upper machine chamber 18 having an open upper surface is provided above the partition plate 17, an upper machine chamber 18 having an open upper surface is provided.
- a top panel 5 is provided at the top opening of the upper machine room 18 so as to be pivotable around the rear end in this embodiment, so that the upper machine room 18 can be opened and closed. Obstructed.
- the panel provided in front of the upper machine chamber 18 is an operation panel 21 for operating the refrigeration apparatus 1.
- a measurement hole 19 is formed on a side surface of the upper machine chamber 18 on the heat insulating box 2 side.
- the measurement hole 19 penetrates the outer box 6, the heat insulating material 9 and the inner box 7 constituting the heat insulating box 2 so as to communicate with the storage chamber 4 formed in the heat insulating box 2 provided adjacently. Formed.
- the measurement hole 19 can also insert a temperature sensor into the storage chamber 4 with an external force, and the wiring drawn from the temperature sensor is connected to the external recording apparatus main body through the measurement hole 19. Then, the measurement hole 19 is closed by a plug 19A made of a special material that can be deformed in a sponge-like manner and has a heat insulating property. When the temperature sensor is not attached, the measurement hole 19 is thermally blocked by the stopper 19A.
- the top panel 5 provided in the machine room 3 is opened, and the heat insulation located in the upper machine room 18 is opened.
- Box 2 side The measurement device can be inserted into the storage chamber 4 through the measurement hole 19 formed on the side surface of the storage chamber 4. Therefore, it becomes easy to install the measuring device in the storage chamber 4 cooled to a predetermined ultra-low temperature.
- the measurement hole 19 in the present embodiment is formed on the side surface of the heat insulating box 2 on the machine chamber 18 side. Even when it is installed adjacent to a wall or other equipment in an installation environment such as a laboratory, it is not necessary to have a special interval for using the measurement hole 19. As a result, the area required for installing the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be reduced, which is suitable for layout in a laboratory or the like.
- the measurement hole 19 is formed in the wall surface of the heat insulation box 2 on the side adjacent to the machine room 3, it is configured to face the side other than the machine room 3 adjacent to the outside, that is, the outside. It is possible to dispose the vacuum insulation panel 12 as described above on the front and rear walls and side surfaces of the heat insulation box 2 without affecting the position where the measurement hole 19 is formed. As a result, the amount of cold heat leakage in the storage chamber 4 can be reduced, and wasteful use of cooling energy can be suppressed.
- the inside of the storage chamber 4 is set to an ultra-low temperature such as 150 ° C or less as in this embodiment, it is possible to improve the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating box 2 itself, and the heat insulating wall
- the size of the storage chamber 4 can be increased even with the same external dimensions as the conventional one. Or, even with the same storage volume as before, it is possible to reduce the outer dimensions, which also makes it possible to reduce the area required for installing the refrigeration apparatus 1. .
- the measurement hole 19 in the present embodiment can be concealed by the top panel 5 that can open and close the upper surface opening of the upper machine room 18, so that the measurement hole 19 is not exposed to the exterior. It is possible to improve the appearance. Also, by opening the top panel 5, it becomes possible to easily operate the measurement hole 19, and workability can be improved. Further, by removing the partition plate 17, it becomes easy to operate the devices constituting the other cooling devices R installed below the partition plate 17, and it becomes possible to improve the maintenance work.
- the top panel 5 is provided in the machine room 18 except when the measurement hole 19 is operated. When the inside is closed, the top panel 5 can be used as a work side stand, which is suitable for delivery of articles such as samples into the storage chamber 4. .
- the measurement hole 19 is a force concealed by the top panel 5 that closes the upper surface opening of the upper machine room 18.
- a lid member for concealing the measurement hole 19 may be provided.
- the refrigerant circuit of the refrigeration apparatus 1 in this embodiment includes a high-temperature side refrigerant circuit 25 as a first refrigerant circuit and a low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38 as a second refrigerant circuit as independent multi-stage multi-stage refrigerant circuits. It consists of a two-stage, two-stage refrigerant circuit.
- the compressor 10 constituting the high temperature side refrigerant circuit 25 is a reciprocating electric compressor using a one-phase or three-phase AC power source, and the discharge side pipe 10D of the compressor 10 is connected to the auxiliary condenser 26. Connected.
- the auxiliary condenser 26 is connected to a refrigerant pipe 27 (hereinafter referred to as a frame nove) disposed on the back side of the opening edge in order to heat the opening edge of the storage chamber 4 and prevent dew condensation.
- the frame pipe 27 is connected to the oil cooler 29 of the compressor 10 and then connected to the condenser 28.
- the refrigerant pipe exiting the condenser 28 is connected to the oil cooler 30 of the compressor 20 constituting the low temperature side refrigerant circuit 38, and then connected to the condenser 31, and the refrigerant pipe exiting the condenser 31 is connected.
- an evaporator 34 as an evaporator portion constituting the evaporator through a dryer 32 and a capillary tube 33 as a decompression device in order.
- An accumulator 35 serving as a refrigerant reservoir is connected to the outlet-side refrigerant pipe of the evaporator 34, and the refrigerant pipe exiting the accumulator 35 is connected to the suction-side pipe 10 S of the compressor 10.
- the auxiliary condenser 26 and the condensers 28 and 31 in the present embodiment are configured as an integral condenser and are cooled by the condenser blower 36.
- the high temperature side refrigerant circuit 25 is filled with a refrigerant composed of R407D and n-pentane as a non-azeotropic refrigerant having different boiling points.
- R407D has R32 (difluoromethane: CH F) and R125 (
- Pentafluoroethane CHF CF
- R134a l, 1, 1, 2—tetrafluoroethane: C
- R32 is 15 weight 0/0
- R125 is 15 weight 0/0
- the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 is supplied from the auxiliary condenser 26, the frame pipe 27, the oil cooler 29, the condenser 28, the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38, the compressor 20 oil cooler 30, and the condenser 31.
- the water contained in the dryer 32 is removed after being condensed in the radiator 32, depressurized in the exhaust tube 33, and flow into the evaporator 34 one after another, and the refrigerant R32, R1 25 and Rl 34a evaporate. Then, the evaporator 34 absorbs the heat of vaporization and cools the evaporator 34 and returns to the compressor 10 through the accumulator 35 as a refrigerant liquid reservoir.
- the capacity of the compressor 10 is 1.5 HP, for example, and the final temperature reached by the evaporator 34 during operation is ⁇ 27 ° C. to ⁇ 35 ° C.
- n-pentane in the refrigerant has a boiling point of +36. 1 ° C, so it does not evaporate in the evaporator 34 and remains in the liquid state. Due to the function of returning the lubricant to the compressor 10 in a state where water is dissolved in the lubricating oil of the machine 10 and the dryer 32, and the evaporation of the liquid refrigerant in the compressor 10, The function of reducing the temperature of the compressor 10 is achieved.
- the compressor 20 is a reciprocating electric compressor using a one-phase or three-phase AC power source, like the compressor 10, and the discharge side distribution of the compressor 20 is
- An oil separator 40 is connected to the pipe 20D via a radiator 39 composed of a wire capacitor.
- the oil separator 40 is connected to an oil return pipe 41 that returns to the compressor 20.
- the refrigerant pipe connected to the outlet side of the oil separator 40 is connected to a condensing pipe 42 as a high-pressure side pipe inserted into the evaporator 34.
- the condensing pipe 42 and the evaporator 34 constitute a cascade heat exchange 43.
- the discharge pipe connected to the outlet side of the condensing pipe 42 is connected to the first gas-liquid separator 46 via the dryer 44.
- the gas-phase refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 46 passes through the first intermediate heat exchanger via the gas-phase pipe 47 and flows into the second gas-liquid separator 49.
- the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the first gas-liquid separator 46 flows into the first intermediate heat exchanger via the liquid-phase pipe 50, the dryer 51, and the capillary tube 52 as a decompression device. It cools by evaporating the phase refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator 49 passes through the dryer 54 through the liquid phase piping 53, and then through the second tube 55 as a decompression device, and then the second intermediate heat exchanger 56. Flow into.
- the gas-phase refrigerant separated by the second gas-liquid separator 54 passes through the gas-phase pipe 57. Then, the liquid passes through the second intermediate heat exchanger 56 and is cooled while passing through the third and fourth intermediate heat exchangers 58 and 59. After that, it flows into the capillary tube 61 as a decompression device.
- the capillary tube 61 is connected to an evaporation pipe 62 as an evaporator, and the evaporation pipe 62 is further connected to a fourth intermediate heat exchanger 59 via a return pipe 69.
- the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 59 is connected to the third, second, and first intermediate heat exchangers 58, 56, and 48 one after another, and is then connected to the suction side pipe 20S of the compressor 20. .
- an expansion tank 65 as a tank for storing refrigerant when the compressor 20 is stopped is connected to the suction side pipe 20S via a capillary tube 66 as a decompression device.
- the expansion tank 65 is connected to the capillary tube 66.
- Check valve 67 with the direction of 65 as the forward direction is connected in parallel!
- the low temperature side refrigerant circuit 38 is filled with a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture including R245fa, R600, R404A, R508, R14, R50, and R740 as seven types of mixed refrigerants having different boiling points.
- R245fa is 1, 1, 1, —3, 3-pentafluoropropane (CF CH CHF), R
- R600 has a boiling point of -0.5 ° C. Therefore, by mixing these at a predetermined ratio, it can be used as an alternative to R21, which has a boiling point of + 8.9 ° C, which has been used in the past.
- R600 is a flammable substance, it is mixed with the nonflammable R245fa at a predetermined ratio, in this example, R245faZR600: 70Z30, so that it is sealed in the refrigerant circuit 38 as nonflammable. And in this embodiment, the force that makes R245fa 70% by weight relative to the total weight of R245fa and R600 is non-flammable, so it may be more than that.
- R404A consists of R125 (pentafluoroethane: CHF CF) and R143a (l, 1, 1-trif
- R508 is R23 (trifluoromethane: CHF) and R116 (hexafluoroethane: CF C)
- R14 is tetrafluoromethane (carbon tetrafluoride: CF), and R50 is methane (CH
- R740 is argon (Ar). These boiling points are R14 force of 127.9 ° C, R50 of -161.5 ° C, and R740 of 185.86 ° C. R50 has a danger of explosion when combined with oxygen, but mixing with R14 eliminates the danger of explosion. Therefore, even if a mixed refrigerant leakage accident occurs, no explosion should occur.
- these refrigerants as described above are: R245fa and R600, and R14 and R50 are mixed in advance to form an incombustible soot state, then a mixed refrigerant of R245fa and R600, R404A, and R508A The mixed refrigerant of R14 and R50 and R740 are mixed in advance and sealed in the refrigerant circuit. Alternatively, R245fa and R600, then R404A, R5080A, R14 and R50, and finally R740 are sealed in descending order.
- the composition of each refrigerant for example, mixed refrigerant force of R245fa and R600 10.
- it may be a 4% by weight of 11 pentane (range of 0.5 to 2 weight 0/0 for the total weight of the non-azeotropic refrigerant) in ⁇ Ka ⁇ in R404A Shall.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous mixed refrigerant discharged from the compressor 20 flows into the radiator 39 via the discharge-side pipe 20D, where it is radiated and oil having a high boiling point in the mixed refrigerant and high oil compatibility.
- a part of n-pentane or R600 as carrier refrigerant is condensed.
- the mixed refrigerant that has passed through the radiator 39 flows into the oil separator 40, and most of the lubricating oil of the compressor 20 mixed with the refrigerant and the refrigerant condensed in the radiator 39 are mixed. Part (n-pentane, part of R600) is returned to the compressor 20 through the oil return pipe 41.
- the low-boiling point refrigerant having higher purity flows through the refrigerant circuit 38 downstream from the cascade heat exchanger 43, and it is possible to efficiently obtain an ultra-low temperature.
- even the compressors 10 and 20 having the same capacity can cool the interior of the storage chamber 4 to be cooled to a predetermined ultra-low temperature, and the overall size of the refrigeration apparatus 1 is increased. It is possible to increase the storage capacity without doing so.
- the refrigerant flowing into the oil separator 40 is the heat radiator 39. Since it is cooled by the chiller, it is possible to lower the refrigerant temperature entering the cascade heat exchange. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the refrigerant temperature flowing into the cascade heat exchanger 43 in the past can be lowered to about + 45 ° C. in this embodiment.
- the cascade heat exchanger 43 it is possible to reduce the load applied to the compressor of the high temperature side refrigerant circuit 25 for cooling the refrigerant in the low temperature side refrigerant circuit 35.
- the load applied to the compressor 20 constituting the low temperature side refrigerant circuit 35 can be reduced. This makes it possible to improve the operation efficiency of the entire refrigeration apparatus 1.
- the other mixed refrigerant itself is cooled by the cascade heat exchanger 43 from the evaporator 34 to about ⁇ 40 ° C. to ⁇ 30 ° C., and a part of the refrigerant having a high boiling point in the mixed refrigerant (R245fa, R600, R404A and a part of R508) are condensed. Then, the mixed refrigerant that has exited the condensation pipe 42 of the cascade heat exchange 43 flows into the first gas-liquid separator 46 through the dryer 44.
- R14, R50, and R740 in the mixed refrigerant are still not condensed because they have very low boiling points, and only some of R245fa, R600, R404A, and R508 are condensed and liquefied.
- R14, R50, and R740 are separated into gas phase piping 47, and R245fa, R600, R404A, and R508A are separated into liquid phase piping 50.
- the refrigerant mixture flowing into the gas-phase pipe 47 is condensed by exchanging heat with the first intermediate heat exchanger 48, and then reaches the second gas-liquid separator 49.
- the low-temperature refrigerant returning from the evaporation pipe 62 flows into the first intermediate heat exchange, and the liquid refrigerant flowing into the liquid-phase pipe 50 is further depressurized by the capillary tube 52 through the dryer 51.
- a part of the uncondensed R14, R50, R740, and R508 is cooled, resulting in the first intermediate heat exchange.
- the intermediate temperature of vessel 48 is about -60 ° C.
- R508 in the mixed refrigerant that has passed through the gas-phase pipe 47 is completely condensed and liquefied, and is divided into the second gas-liquid separator 49.
- R14, R50, and R740 are still in a gas state because of their lower boiling points.
- the intermediate temperature of the second intermediate heat exchanger 56 is about -90 ° C.
- the gas phase pipe 57 passing through the second intermediate heat exchange passes through the third intermediate heat exchanger 58 and then passes through the fourth intermediate heat exchange.
- the refrigerant immediately after leaving the evaporator 62 is returned to the fourth intermediate heat exchanger, and according to experiments, the intermediate temperature of the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 59 is considerably low at about 130 ° C. Reach temperature.
- each intermediate heat exchanger 48, 56, 58, 59 condenses the refrigerant still in a gas phase state one after another,
- the evaporation pipe 62 is configured to be heat-exchanged along the heat insulating material 9 side of the inner box 6 so that the inside temperature of the storage room 4 of the refrigeration apparatus 1 is 152 ° C. or lower. It can be realized.
- the refrigerant that has exited the evaporation pipe 62 passes through the fourth intermediate heat exchanger 59, the third intermediate heat exchanger 58, the second intermediate heat exchanger 56, and the first intermediate heat exchanger 48 one after another.
- the refrigerant flows in, merges with the refrigerant evaporated in each heat exchanger, and returns to the compressor 20 from the suction pipe 20S.
- the compressor 20 constituting the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38 as described above is an internal temperature in the storage chamber 4. Based on the above, ON-OFF control is performed by a control device (not shown). In this case, when the operation of the compressor 20 is stopped by the control device, the mixed refrigerant in the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38 enters the expansion tank 65 via the check valve 67 whose forward direction is the expansion tank 65 direction. To be recovered
- the refrigerant circuit 3 8 is put through the check valve 67 extremely quickly. This refrigerant can be recovered in the expansion tank 65.
- the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 38 can be quickly balanced, and the compressor 20 can be restarted.
- the compressor 20 can be restarted smoothly without applying a load to the compressor 20. This significantly improves the operating efficiency of the compressor 20 by significantly reducing the time required for the refrigerant circuit 38 to reach an equilibrium pressure when the compressor is started. For example, the time required for pull-down operation is reduced. It is possible to improve convenience.
- the refrigerant circuit constituting the refrigeration apparatus 1 condenses the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 or 20, respectively, and then evaporates to constitute an independent refrigerant closed circuit that exhibits a cooling action.
- the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38 is configured so that the compressor 20, the condensing pipe 42, the evaporation pipe 62, and the return refrigerant from the evaporation pipe 62 circulate.
- the refrigerant with lower boiling point is condensed sequentially.
- the refrigerant with the lowest boiling point is sent to the evaporation pipe 62 through the final stage capillary tube 61.
- a cascade heat exchanger 43 is formed by the evaporator 34 of the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit 25 and the condensing pipe 42 of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38, and an ultra-low temperature is obtained by the evaporation pipe 42 of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit 38.
- the present disclosure includes a high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and a low-temperature side refrigerant circuit that constitute an independent refrigerant closed circuit that condenses and evaporates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and exhibits a cooling action
- This is a simple multiple (two-way) type refrigeration system that forms a cascade heat exchanger with the evaporator of the high-temperature side refrigerant circuit and the condenser of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit, and obtains ultra-low temperature with the evaporator of the low-temperature side refrigerant circuit.
- the same effect can be obtained.
- the apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a plurality of intermediate heat exchangers connected in series so that a return refrigerant from the evaporator flows, and a plurality of decompression devices.
- the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture is enclosed, and the condensed refrigerant in the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser is joined to the intermediate heat exchanger via the decompression device, and the uncondensed refrigerant in the refrigerant is cooled by the intermediate heat exchanger,
- the same effect can be obtained even with a simple multi-stage refrigeration system that obtains ultra-low temperature by sequentially condensing a refrigerant with a lower boiling point and flowing the refrigerant with the lowest boiling point into the evaporator via a decompressor at the final stage. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refrigeration apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the refrigeration apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the refrigeration apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a side view of the refrigeration apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the refrigeration apparatus with the top panel opened.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration apparatus of FIG.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07743279.7A EP2019269A4 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-14 | Refrigeration system |
| US12/300,703 US20090126389A1 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-14 | Refrigeration apparatus |
| CN200780017411XA CN101443601B (zh) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-14 | 冷冻装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-135257 | 2006-05-15 | ||
| JP2006135257A JP2007303792A (ja) | 2006-05-15 | 2006-05-15 | 冷凍装置 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007132803A1 true WO2007132803A1 (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
Family
ID=38693894
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/059844 Ceased WO2007132803A1 (ja) | 2006-05-15 | 2007-05-14 | 冷凍装置 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090126389A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2019269A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2007303792A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20090008342A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101443601B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007132803A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2924205B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-23 | 2013-08-16 | Air Liquide | Dispositif et procede de refrigeration cryogenique |
| IT1396440B1 (it) * | 2009-10-14 | 2012-11-23 | Innovation Factory Scarl | Dispositivo di riscaldamento a ciclo termodinamico irreversibile per impianti di riscaldamento ad alta temperatura di mandata. |
| FR2972047B1 (fr) * | 2011-02-25 | 2022-07-29 | Julien Guillaume Leprieur | Dispositif pour ameliorer la performance des installations frigorifiques |
| JP5819000B2 (ja) | 2012-09-21 | 2015-11-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
| EP2910872B1 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2020-03-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Freezing device |
| JP6181401B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-08-16 | パナソニックヘルスケアホールディングス株式会社 | 二元冷凍装置 |
| JP6288942B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-14 | 2018-03-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
| EP2998665B1 (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2018-03-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigeration device |
| JP6994419B2 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-01-14 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 冷却システム |
| CN110305631A (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-08 | 上海沛芾航天科技发展有限公司 | 一种用于环境试验箱的混合工质制冷剂 |
| KR102153016B1 (ko) * | 2019-07-17 | 2020-09-07 | 주식회사 에프에스티 | 극저온 칠러 |
| JP7319372B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-22 | 2023-08-01 | Phcホールディングス株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
| JP7393543B2 (ja) | 2020-06-04 | 2023-12-06 | Phcホールディングス株式会社 | 二元冷凍装置 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5572063U (ja) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-05-17 | ||
| JPS5724965U (ja) * | 1980-06-02 | 1982-02-09 | ||
| JPS6273046A (ja) | 1985-09-25 | 1987-04-03 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
| JPH04350471A (ja) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-12-04 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60178259A (ja) * | 1984-02-24 | 1985-09-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 二元冷凍装置 |
| GB2180921B (en) * | 1985-09-25 | 1990-01-24 | Sanyo Electric Co | Refrigeration system |
| JPH05340619A (ja) * | 1991-04-16 | 1993-12-21 | Mitsubishi Juko Reinetsu Kizai Kk | 二元冷凍装置における低元側冷媒系統 |
| CN1079528C (zh) * | 1993-10-28 | 2002-02-20 | 株式会社日立制作所 | 制冷循环及其控制方法 |
| KR100337791B1 (ko) * | 2000-10-05 | 2002-05-22 | 박희준 | 극저온 냉동시스템 |
| EP1475588A4 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2008-04-09 | Toshiba Kk | COOLING DEVICE WITH WARNING DEVICE FOR WARNING OF COOLANT LEAKAGE |
| US6766652B2 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2004-07-27 | Gsle Development Corporation | Dual independent chamber ultra-low temperature freezer |
| KR101108311B1 (ko) * | 2003-10-09 | 2012-01-25 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | 가온 시스템 및 자동 판매기 |
-
2006
- 2006-05-15 JP JP2006135257A patent/JP2007303792A/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-05-14 EP EP07743279.7A patent/EP2019269A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-14 US US12/300,703 patent/US20090126389A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-05-14 WO PCT/JP2007/059844 patent/WO2007132803A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-14 CN CN200780017411XA patent/CN101443601B/zh active Active
- 2007-05-14 KR KR1020087027847A patent/KR20090008342A/ko not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5572063U (ja) * | 1978-11-13 | 1980-05-17 | ||
| JPS5724965U (ja) * | 1980-06-02 | 1982-02-09 | ||
| JPS6273046A (ja) | 1985-09-25 | 1987-04-03 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
| JPH04350471A (ja) * | 1991-05-28 | 1992-12-04 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| See also references of EP2019269A4 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101443601A (zh) | 2009-05-27 |
| US20090126389A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
| KR20090008342A (ko) | 2009-01-21 |
| CN101443601B (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
| JP2007303792A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
| EP2019269A1 (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| EP2019269A4 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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