WO2007137960A2 - Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une centrale électrique - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une centrale électrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007137960A2 WO2007137960A2 PCT/EP2007/054905 EP2007054905W WO2007137960A2 WO 2007137960 A2 WO2007137960 A2 WO 2007137960A2 EP 2007054905 W EP2007054905 W EP 2007054905W WO 2007137960 A2 WO2007137960 A2 WO 2007137960A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- components
- power plant
- heat exchange
- gas turbine
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/10—Heating, e.g. warming-up before starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/101—Regulating means specially adapted therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/85—Starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/94—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/94—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF]
- F05D2260/941—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF] particularly aimed at mechanical or thermal stress reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling a power plant with a plurality of components forming a circuit, namely with a boiler, a steam turbine and optionally a gas turbine.
- medium-load power plants Gas and steam turbine plants or power plants (combined cycle power plants) are often recognized as so-called medium-load power plants is ⁇ .
- An important feature of medium-load power plants is the start time, ie the time until a defined system performance is available.
- a short start time is advantageous, among other things, because it allows the possibility of participating in balancing markets such as the minute or hour reserve.
- a participating in the minute reserve power plant must be able to bring a few minutes (in Germany, for example, after 15 minutes) a certain power.
- the performance is to be provided after 60 minutes.
- Start-up times and standstill times occur after the components have been heated or cooled, whereby the warm-up or cool-down is usually influenced by the temperature surrounding the components (natural cooling).
- transient plant conditions such states are to be understood here, in which a power plant of a power level to another, such as when driving on ⁇ , is transferred. There is therefore a need to keep the transient states as short as possible. Also at
- the object of the invention is to specify a method for improving the starting behavior and the stopping times in a power plant, in particular in a combined cycle power plant. Another object is to specify a device which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method.
- the object related to the method is achieved according to the invention by specifying a method for controlling a power plant with a plurality of components forming an operating cycle, namely with a boiler, a steam turbine and optionally a gas turbine, wherein at standstill the component temperature of at least one component of a the components is controlled by heat exchange by means of a fluid flow.
- the invention is based on the consideration that the heat present in the power plant after switching off the components can be used to specifically regulate the component temperature of the components of the components at standstill.
- components of the components or the operating cycle here are the individual components or groups of components that are functionally connected to each other and a unit bil ⁇ den called.
- a fluid flow is used, which transports the heat from one component or component of the power plant ⁇ to another component or other component, so that at standstill active at least one of the components is maintained at a desired temperature level.
- Standstill here is the period of time in which the power plant is in the retracted state, with a rotor of the power plant can be rotated at low speed or can stand completely still.
- the main advantage of this method is that with an active control of the temperature of the components or some of their components, the stopping or the starting of the components is no longer dependent on the currently prevailing - not actively influenced - component temperatures. Rather, these component temperatures are adjusted by active heat exchange at standstill, as far as possible, the appropriate operational requirements for improved shutdown or start-up behavior of the power plant.
- the heat exchange is performed by means of an additional control circuit for the fluid flow.
- the control ⁇ circulation differs from the operating circuit of the power plant and is characterized by separate lines and control elements. A separate circuit from the operating circuit is particularly easy to control.
- a particularly economical configuration provides that to be temperature controlled power plant compo ⁇ nents heat sources and heat sinks form in the control circuit and the temperature preferably by heat exchange with each other is regulated.
- a heat shift within the power plant wherein the heat of a component can be used to heat ⁇ at least one component of another component at a standstill of the power plant.
- the method may be used to control the power station component to a Kom ⁇ cooling when at least one further component is at a lower temperature level and can absorb the heat of the hotter component. This is done by a suitable control of the flow direction of the fluid flow, the latter removes the heat of the hotter Kom ⁇ component and discharges this heat into the colder component. It is sufficient if only two components of the power plant, which are located at different temperature levels, are connected to the control circuit. It can, however, several components and external heat sources or heat sinks ⁇ be provided.
- the stoppage of the power plant makes sense to distinguish between two types of standstill conditions.
- the first type are the short-term shutdowns. Such conditions, which often occur due to a reduced Stromver ⁇ consumption at night or on weekends, are referred to below as a temporary stoppage.
- the power plant is run at predetermined time intervals, or optionally at an operating failure ⁇ slipped down in order to perform repairs and maintenance.
- the component to be serviced or repaired must cool down to ambient temperature in order for the work to be carried out.
- the fluid flow during a vorüberge ⁇ Henden standstill is used to maintain a high temperature at least one of the components to thereafter implement an accelerated starting process according to.
- the fluid flow is used during a maintenance state of the power plant for the fastest possible cooling of at least one of the components to reduce the downtime for repairs to the usual cooling time.
- a particularly efficient heat transfer in which the on ⁇ wall for cooling or heating of the components is particularly low, is given, if preferably the components are heated or cooled independently of each other.
- the aim here is to keep the components of the components at a homogeneous temperature level.
- the rotor and the housing of the gas turbine are maintained at about the same temperature level, ie the housing must be kept warm by the active temperature control, since the housing usually cools off faster ⁇ .
- heat is tapped only from certain areas of the components: For example, after switching off the power plant, only those in the high- pressure part of the steam turbine existing heat can be used to maintain a relatively high Tempera ⁇ turn level of the gas turbine at standstill of the power plant.
- the heat exchange between the components is carried out by means of a water vapor.
- Water vapor has a number of advantages when used as a heat-carrying fluid stream: water is inexpensive, environmentally friendly ⁇ and easy to handle.
- the heat exchange between the components is carried out by means of air.
- Air is also a low-cost heat transfer medium that is available in large quantities.
- air causes no corrosion problems on the component to be tempered.
- an open system is used for heat exchange.
- new amounts of heat transfer medium are continuously used, which are released after flowing through the control circuit and after possible cooling.
- a closed system is used for heat exchange, in which always circulates the same amount of heat transfer medium in the control circuit.
- the object relating to the device object is erfindungsge ⁇ Gurss achieved by a device for controlling a power plant having a plurality of operation cycle forming compo ⁇ components, namely with a boiler, a steam turbine and, optionally, a gas turbine, wherein at standstill at least two of the components to the heat exchange with each other via a line are connected.
- a device for controlling a power plant having a plurality of operation cycle forming compo ⁇ components, namely with a boiler, a steam turbine and, optionally, a gas turbine, wherein at standstill at least two of the components to the heat exchange with each other via a line are connected.
- FIG. 1 shows the schematic structure of a pipe system of a power plant at a temporary standstill of the power plant
- FIG. 2 shows the schematic structure of the conduit system of the power plant according to FIG. 1 during a maintenance status of the power plant.
- a power plant 2 is shown schematically, which includes a boiler 4, a steam turbine 6 and in this embodiment ⁇ example, a gas turbine 8.
- the power plant 2 is built in the manner of a combined heat and power plant, in which the waste heat of the gas turbine 8 is used to generate water vapor in the boiler 4 he ⁇ , with the help of the steam turbine 6 is driven.
- the boiler 4, the steam turbine 6 and the gas turbine 8 thus form the components of an operating cycle of the power ⁇ plant 2.
- the components 4, 6, 8 are not shown here fluid lines of the operating circuit in itself known manner connected.
- a power plant may be provided which includes only a steam turbine and a boiler as components. It is essential here that the power plant comprises at least two components, and have different operating temperatures below ⁇ Kunststoffliche temperature curves after shutdown.
- the power plant 2 comprises, in addition to the fluid system of the operating circuit, a line system 10 which is provided for a further circuit within the power plant 2, namely for a control circuit.
- the component temperature is at least one member ⁇ element one of the components 4, 6 and 8 controlled or Gere ⁇ gel.
- a fluid flow is provided, which with arrows 11 is indicated.
- the Flu ⁇ idstrom a Wasserdampfström circulating in the pipe system 10 and thereby provides heat exchange between the components 4, 6,. 8
- ambient air can also be used as the fluid stream, which in particular is compressed before it is used.
- control ⁇ is circulation in the conduit system 10 is a closed circuit in which a predetermined amount of water is used steam, without the water steam in the operation of the control circuit completely replace or partially.
- an open control circuit is used, in which continuously new water vapor is supplied during operation and part of the water vapor used is released. The supply of water vapor can also take place at intervals, with a semi-open control circuit is present.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the operation of the control circuit at a temporary stoppage of the power plant 2, for example, when the power plant 2 due to a reduced power requirements in the night or on Shut down for the weekend. Since the standstill lasts a few hours or days, it is advantageous that the faster-cooling components 4, 6, 8 are also kept at a high temperature level during the shutdown so that the entire power plant can be started up more quickly at a later time. The existing even at a standstill in the power plant heat is distributed or shifted by means of the fluid flow, so that the faster cooling components 4, 6, 8 are kept at a higher temperature level than a natural cooling.
- the gas turbine 8 is the component that cools fastest without active heat exchange.
- the boiler 4 is the
- the gas turbine 8 forms a heat ⁇ sink and the boiler 4, a heat source within the control ⁇ cycle.
- the steam turbine 6 and the gas turbine 8 are kept warm by means of the heat present in the boiler 4 during the temporary standstill .
- the piping system 10 has a conduit 12 leading from the boiler 4, which is branched into two conduits 12a and 12b.
- the line 12a opens into the steam turbine 6 and the water vapor stream coming from the boiler is regulated in this line 12a by means of a valve 14.
- the line 12b is also provided with egg ⁇ nem valve 16, wherein at least a portion 16 is supplied to the water vapor from the boiler 4 directly to the gas turbine 8 in the open state of this Ven ⁇ TILs.
- the water vapor ⁇ stream in the steam turbine 6 is passed via the line 18 from the steam turbine 6 addition.
- the line 18 is downstream ⁇ also branched into two lines 18 a and 18 b.
- the line 18a leads into the line 12b, so that in the open feed was of a valve 20 of the water vapor from the steam turbine 6, which has a temperature of several hundred degrees on ⁇ , the Wasserdampfström is supplied in the line 12b and the water vapor mixture in the Gas turbine pumped becomes.
- the line 18b on the other side opens into a line 22, via which the water vapor cooled in the gas turbine 8 is pumped back to the boiler 4.
- the water vapor is in this case the heat carrier, which removes heat from the boiler 4 and this the steam turbine 6 and especially the gas turbine 8 supplies.
- the steam turbine ⁇ bine is adapted to the anticipated at startup steam temperature and the components of the gas turbine 8 are heated even at a standstill, so that a faster and elleli ⁇ ches startup of the power plant 2, compared to a power plant without active temperature control at a standstill, allows ⁇ light is.
- the power plant 2 is shown in FIG 1, wherein the control circuit is used in the line system 10 to cool the gas turbine 8 and / or the steam turbine 6 during maintenance as quickly as possible to ambient temperature.
- the control circuit is used in the line system 10 to cool the gas turbine 8 and / or the steam turbine 6 during maintenance as quickly as possible to ambient temperature.
- a temperature of over 1000 ° C. is established in the gas turbine 8.
- the boiler 4 with the lowest operating temperature is a heat sink and the gas turbine 8 with the highest prevailing temperature is a heat source.
- the comparatively cool water vapor from the boiler 4 is pumped via the line 12 and later via its branch 12a of the steam turbine 6. There, the steam cools the components of the steam turbine 6. Subsequently, the heat exchanger is replaced by the heat exchanger with the hot components of the steam turbine. bine 6 heated steam is pumped via the line 18 b in the open state of a valve 24 back to the boiler 4.
- the line system 10 for active temperature regulation of the components 4, 6, 8 of the power plant 2 is in particular designed such that individual components of the components 4, 6, 8 are heated and cooled independently.
- the plant 1 shows a low-pressure part of the steam ⁇ turbine 6 kept warm 6 by the heat from the boiler 4, or by a combination of the boiler heat with the heat from a high-pressure part of the steam turbine during the temporary stoppage 2 according.
- only the hotter high-pressure part of the steam turbine 6 can be actively cooled during the maintenance state.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé d'amélioration du comportement de démarrage ainsi que des temps d'immobilisation d'une centrale électrique (2) comportant plusieurs composants, à savoir un générateur de vapeur (4), une turbine à vapeur (6) et éventuellement une turbine à gaz (8). Selon ledit procédé, en cas d'immobilisation de la centrale électrique (2), la température d'au moins un élément structural de l'un des composants (4, 6, 8) est régulée par échange de chaleur à l'aide d'un flux de fluide (11).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07729348A EP2024609A2 (fr) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-22 | Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une centrale électrique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP06011275.2 | 2006-05-31 | ||
| EP06011275 | 2006-05-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007137960A2 true WO2007137960A2 (fr) | 2007-12-06 |
| WO2007137960A3 WO2007137960A3 (fr) | 2009-09-03 |
Family
ID=38779019
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/054905 Ceased WO2007137960A2 (fr) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-22 | Procédé et dispositif de commande d'une centrale électrique |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2024609A2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101627185A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2007137960A2 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013205053A1 (de) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden AG | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines einen Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf aufweisenden Kraftwerks |
| DE102014221563A1 (de) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verkürzung des Anfahrvorgangs einer Dampfturbine |
| DE102014221566A1 (de) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Warmhalte-Konzept für schnelles Anfahren der Dampfturbine in GuD-Kraftwerken mithilfe eines Wärmespeichers |
| WO2016192887A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour ralentir le refroidissement d'une unité de guidage d'écoulement et unité de guidage d'écoulement |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE570366C (de) * | 1928-01-03 | 1933-02-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Verfahren zum Beheizen von Dampf- oder Gasturbinen durch Einfuehrung eines erwaermten Waermetraegers in das Turbineninnere |
| US4047005A (en) * | 1974-08-13 | 1977-09-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Combined cycle electric power plant with a steam turbine having a throttle pressure limiting control |
| JPS585415A (ja) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-01-12 | Toshiba Corp | コンバインドサイクル発電プラントの蒸気圧力制御装置 |
| JPS60247001A (ja) * | 1984-05-23 | 1985-12-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 蒸気タ−ビンケ−シングの熱応力制御装置 |
| US5131230A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-07-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | System for providing early warning of potential water induction events and enabling rapid steam turbine restarts |
| US5172553A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1992-12-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Convective, temperature-equalizing system for minimizing cover-to-base turbine casing temperature differentials |
| US5473898A (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1995-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Method and apparatus for warming a steam turbine in a combined cycle power plant |
| US7534087B2 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2009-05-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine |
-
2007
- 2007-05-22 CN CN 200780019167 patent/CN101627185A/zh active Pending
- 2007-05-22 WO PCT/EP2007/054905 patent/WO2007137960A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-22 EP EP07729348A patent/EP2024609A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013205053A1 (de) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden AG | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines einen Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf aufweisenden Kraftwerks |
| DE102013205053B4 (de) * | 2013-03-21 | 2015-05-07 | Kraftwerke Mainz-Wiesbaden AG | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines einen Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf aufweisenden Kraftwerks |
| DE102014221563A1 (de) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verkürzung des Anfahrvorgangs einer Dampfturbine |
| DE102014221566A1 (de) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Warmhalte-Konzept für schnelles Anfahren der Dampfturbine in GuD-Kraftwerken mithilfe eines Wärmespeichers |
| WO2016192887A1 (fr) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour ralentir le refroidissement d'une unité de guidage d'écoulement et unité de guidage d'écoulement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2024609A2 (fr) | 2009-02-18 |
| CN101627185A (zh) | 2010-01-13 |
| WO2007137960A3 (fr) | 2009-09-03 |
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