WO2007142587A2 - Système pour communication de ligne électrique - Google Patents

Système pour communication de ligne électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007142587A2
WO2007142587A2 PCT/SE2007/000558 SE2007000558W WO2007142587A2 WO 2007142587 A2 WO2007142587 A2 WO 2007142587A2 SE 2007000558 W SE2007000558 W SE 2007000558W WO 2007142587 A2 WO2007142587 A2 WO 2007142587A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concentrators
concentrator
measuring unit
power line
communication
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2007/000558
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007142587A3 (fr
Inventor
Björn FEHRLUND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DLC SWEDEN AB
Original Assignee
DLC SWEDEN AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE0601262A external-priority patent/SE0601262L/xx
Application filed by DLC SWEDEN AB filed Critical DLC SWEDEN AB
Publication of WO2007142587A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007142587A2/fr
Publication of WO2007142587A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007142587A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
    • G01R22/063—Details of electronic electricity meters related to remote communication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D4/00—Tariff metering apparatus
    • G01D4/002—Remote reading of utility meters
    • G01D4/004—Remote reading of utility meters to a fixed location

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to power lines and in particular to systems for power line communication.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a system for power line communication that performs as well as possible.
  • An advantage of a measuring unit selecting which concentrator it communicates with, and of the concentrator thereafter selecting communication parameters is, among other things that the transmission capacity in a PLC-network is improved, and also that the range in a PLC-network is improved.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a system for power line communication according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically the system in Figure 1 with a further development for increased range.
  • a system for power line communication comprises a central processing unit 1, that usually collects data in some form of database 2. This data is normally used for charging for the consumption of electricity and water and the like.
  • the central processing unit 1 communicates with a plurality of concentrators 3, via some form of efficient data transmission medium, such as ADSL, GPRS, radio or dial-up modem connection.
  • each concentrator 3 communicates with a plurality of measuring units 4, via the power line.
  • Eacn measuring unit 4 collects measurement data from one or more measurement points in a flat, a house or other property. This measurement data is then collected by a selected concentrator 3, which measurement data is, in turn, collected by the central processing unit 1.
  • Measurement data can, for example, be the power consumption for a specific unit, but is more usually the total power consumption for a power line subscriber, water consumption, temperature or something else that can be measured.
  • data such as software and setting parameters can also be communicated in the system.
  • a newly-installed measuring unit 4 connects to one of the plurality of concentrators 3.
  • the choice of concentrator 3 is preferably based on one or more of the following criteria: signal strength, reliable frequency range, coding-rate in error-correcting codes and transmission rate.
  • a measuring unit 4 preferably selects the concentrator 3 for which the signal strength for the communication is the strongest.
  • signal strength is meant the received signal strength in relation to interference in the network, including noise, with the most common measurement for this being SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio).
  • SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio
  • the concentrator 3 selects which communication parameters are to be used in the communication between the concentrator and the measuring unit in order to optimize the communication.
  • Power line communication has several allocated frequency ranges that it can utilize (in Sweden they are the so-called A-, B-, C- and D-bands), and the system according to the present invention tests, calculates or estimates preferably all possible carrier-wave frequencies, or individual carrier-wave frequencies within the allocated frequency ranges, so that a measuring unit 4 communicates over the frequency range and carrier-wave frequency for which the communication is the most reliable.
  • a measuring unit 4 can communicate using the coding rate that provides overall the most rapid transmission, taking into account for example retransmission of incorrectly- received data.
  • Yet another criterion for optimizing the data transmission is to test, calculate or estimate several different transmission rates, or baud rates, where a lower transmission rate normally provides more reliable communication at the expense of reduced transmission capacity. After a measuring unit 4 has selected the concentrator 3 it is going to communicate with, the concentrator 3 selects communication parameters according to one or more of these conditions for optimizing the communication between them.
  • Each concentrator 3 preferably sends out an identification signal at regular intervals, which identification signal is received by measuring units 4 within transmission range of the signal.
  • Each measuring unit 4 builds up a list of concentrators 3 that it has received identification signals from. The list can then be put in order according to the most advantageous concentrator 3 to communicate with.
  • the measuring unit 4 preferably attempts to connect to another concentrator 3 in the list if it loses contact with the concentrator 3 that it is currently connected to.
  • the concentrator can evaluate the power line communication parameters dynamically in order to optimize the transmission capacity. Replacement of a concentrator 3 is preferably initiated by a measuring unit 4 that has failed to communicate with the concentrator it is connected to, after a predetermined number of times, from one single time.
  • the measuring unit thereafter attempts to connect to the next-highest ranked concentrator, this is also carried out a predetermined number of times, from one single time. In the event of unsuccessful connection, the measuring unit continues down the ranking order in the list and attempts to connect to the respective concentrators. It preferably makes the greatest number of attempts to connect to the highest-ranked concentrator and successively fewer attempts to connect to lower-ranked concentrators •
  • a measuring unit that fails to connect to a concentrator alternates between a scanning mode, in which identification information for concentrators is searched for, and attempting to connect to a concentrator in accordance with the procedure described above.
  • a concentrator also preferably communicates with other concentrators, in order to provide information about which network parameters it operates with, so that, for example, if possible, two adjacent concentrators do not communicate using the same carrier wave frequency.
  • a measuring unit 4, 5 that is installed in the system attempts to connect to a concentrator 3 in accordance with the above. If a measuring unit 5 fails to connect to any concentrator 3, or loses contact after it has been connected to a concentrator 3, the measuring unit 5 communicates instead via any other measuring unit 4 in the system that can communicate with a concentrator 3. Such a measuring unit thus acts as a bridge for communication between a measuring unit, that cannot communicate directly with a concentrator, and a concentrator.
  • a measuring unit 5 that fails to communicate with any concentrator 3 preferably sends out a beacon signal. If any other measuring unit 4 in the system receives such a beacon signal, it forwards the information about the beacon signal to the concentrator 3 that it is communicating with.
  • the beacon signal comprises the identity of the measuring unit and preferably also power line communication parameters. By a beacon signal is meant a signal that identifies the sender and informs the recipient that the sender's signal needs to be forwarded.
  • a concentrator 3 When a concentrator 3 receives a beacon signal from a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3, it then communicates with the measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3 via the measuring unit 4 that forwarded the beacon signal.
  • cannot communicate By the expression “cannot communicate” is meant that the probability of a message reaching the recipient is too small. If several different measuring units 4 receive a beacon signal from a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with any concentrator 3, all the measuring units 4 preferably forward information about the respective beacon signal to the concentrator 3 it is connected to. This information preferably comprises communication parameters so that a concentrator 3 can accumulate power line communication statistics for possible paths between the concentrator 3 and the measuring unit 5.
  • the concentrator 3 compares power line communication statistics (or PLC-statistics) for the different message paths by which it can communicate with the measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3.
  • the message path between the concentrator 3 and the measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3 is then preferably selected in such a way that the received signal strength is maximized or a minimal quantity of bit errors or block errors arise.
  • the selection can also be a combination of these parameters, which parameters can, in addition, be weighted.
  • the parameters can be weighted for different units, so that, for example, received signal strength for a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with a concentrator 3 and for a measuring unit 4 that can communicate directly with a concentrator 3 are weighted differently.
  • parameters for a concentrator 3 and a measuring unit 4, 5 can be weighted differently.
  • parameters for signalling between different measuring units can be differently weighted in comparison with parameters for signalling between measuring units and concentrators.
  • signal strength is meant the received signal strength in relation to interference in the network, including noise, with the most common measurement for this being SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio).
  • a measuring unit 5 can communicate with any concentrator 3 via more than one other measuring unit 4, forming a long chain of measuring units 4, 5 that forward data between a concentrator 3 and a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3.
  • the data package is advantageously repacked during forwarding in a measuring unit. If bit errors or package errors are corrected in each measuring unit 4, 5 that forwards the communication, in principle an infinite chain of measuring units can be created between a concentrator 3 and a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3.
  • Different measuring units can use different coding and error-correcting schedules if each measuring unit has a plurality of different coding and error-correcting schedules to choose from. A message that is forwarded can thus be coded and error- corrected in different ways in different parts of the message path between a concentrator 3 and a measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3.
  • each measuring unit 4, 5 being able, when requested, to forward communication between a measuring unit 5, that cannot communicate directly with a concentrator 3, and the concentrator 3, it is very easy to configure the system, as no dedicated so-called repeaters need to be used.
  • the concentrator 3 and the measuring unit 5 that cannot communicate directly with the concentrator 3 preferably send routing information in communication that is forwarded by a measuring unit in the system. In this way, a measuring unit does not need to keep track of which measuring unit or which other measuring units it is to forward the information to and from, as the requisite information about the selection of the path is to be found in the communication that is forwarded in the form of routing information.
  • the method for configuring a PLC-network automatically according to the above preferably comprises the following steps.
  • a measuring unit is connected into a power line and begins to scan the power line in order to receive identification signals sent out by any concentrators connected into the power line. If the measuring unit does not receive any identification signal during a predetermined period of time, it changes over to sending out beacon signals, in order to enable other measuring units to forward communication to a concentrator. If its beacon signals are not received during a predetermined period of time, the measuring unit returns to scanning the power line. If, however, when it scanned the power line, the measuring unit received beacon signals from a plurality of other measuring units, it interprets the situation as being that it is difficult to connect to a concentrator and it goes straight back to scanning the power line instead of sending out beacon signals for a period of time.
  • the measuring unit When the measuring unit has received identification signals from one or more concentrators, it chooses to connect to the concentrator that has the best SNR as described above. If any of the identification signals that the measuring unit received come from a concentrator in a network that belongs to another operator, the measuring unit blacklists that concentrator, in order not to attempt to make a connection to an incorrect concentrator.
  • the measuring unit selects the phase on which the communication is to take place, which phase is preferably identified by the concentrator sending out identification information in different time-slots on different phases, and recording in which time-slots the measuring unit responds.
  • a measuring unit If a measuring unit has not been able to communicate with the concentrator it is connected to after a predetermined period of time, it initiates a re- registration procedure, which means that it starts again with the whole of this procedure.
  • a concentrator instructs the measuring units that are connected to it to go over into scanning mode temporarily, in order to be able to receive beacon signals from measuring units that cannot communicate directly with a concentrator.
  • a measuring unit is identified in this way, it is connected to the concentrator by bridging as described above .

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système destiné à une communication de ligne électrique qui comprend: une pluralité d'unités de mesure(4), une pluralité de concentrateurs(3) et une unité centrale de traitement (1). Chacune de la pluralité des unités de mesure (4) communique des données de mesure à l'unité centrale de traitement(1) via un de la pluralité des concentrateurs (3) et une communication entre une unité de mesure et un concentrateur est réalisée via la ligne électrique. De plus, chaque unité de mesure (4) choisit, parmi la pluralité de concentrateurs (3), le concentrateur (3) qu'elle communique et chaque concentrateur (3) choisit les paramètres de communication avec lesquels l'unité de mesure et le concentrateur respectif communiquent.
PCT/SE2007/000558 2006-06-08 2007-06-08 Système pour communication de ligne électrique Ceased WO2007142587A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0601263 2006-06-08
SE0601262-9 2006-06-08
SE0601262A SE0601262L (sv) 2006-06-08 2006-06-08 System för elnätskommunikation
SE0601263-7 2006-06-08
SE0601264 2006-06-08
SE0601264-5 2006-06-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007142587A2 true WO2007142587A2 (fr) 2007-12-13
WO2007142587A3 WO2007142587A3 (fr) 2008-01-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2007/000558 Ceased WO2007142587A2 (fr) 2006-06-08 2007-06-08 Système pour communication de ligne électrique

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2007142587A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5986574A (en) * 1997-10-16 1999-11-16 Peco Energy Company System and method for communication between remote locations
US6885309B1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2005-04-26 Cellnet Innovations, Inc. Meter to internet pathway
ITMI20012726A1 (it) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-20 Enel Distribuzione Spa Sistema di acquisizione remota dei consumi e di telegestione di utenze distribuite anche di tipo domestico
KR20040042828A (ko) * 2002-11-12 2004-05-20 주식회사 블루맥스 커뮤니케이션 위성 통신망을 이용한 원격 검침 시스템

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WO2007142587A3 (fr) 2008-01-31

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