WO2008005829A2 - Tube en matière plastique chauffable flexible - Google Patents

Tube en matière plastique chauffable flexible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008005829A2
WO2008005829A2 PCT/US2007/072464 US2007072464W WO2008005829A2 WO 2008005829 A2 WO2008005829 A2 WO 2008005829A2 US 2007072464 W US2007072464 W US 2007072464W WO 2008005829 A2 WO2008005829 A2 WO 2008005829A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
polymeric layer
layer
polymeric
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/072464
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2008005829A3 (fr
Inventor
Tao Nie
David Allen Bensko
Timothy Wade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cooper Standard Automotive Inc
Original Assignee
Cooper Standard Automotive Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cooper Standard Automotive Inc filed Critical Cooper Standard Automotive Inc
Publication of WO2008005829A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008005829A2/fr
Publication of WO2008005829A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008005829A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • F16L53/37—Ohmic-resistance heating the heating current flowing directly through the pipe to be heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L53/00—Heating of pipes or pipe systems; Cooling of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/30—Heating of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L53/35—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • F16L53/38—Ohmic-resistance heating using elongate electric heating elements, e.g. wires or ribbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1486—Means to prevent the substance from freezing

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to heatable hoses or lines. More particularly, the present invention pertains to heatable hoses or lines suitable for use pollution control devices, particularly those used with automotive vehicles such as selective catalytic reduction devices. The invention also pertains to selective catalytic devices and device assemblies that include such hoses or lines.
  • NOx emissions from vehicles with internal combustion engines are an environmental problem recognized worldwide.
  • three-way catalysts have been shown to control NOx emissions.
  • diesel powered vehicles and vehicles with lean-burn gasoline engines however, the exhaust is too oxygen-rich for three-way catalysts to be effective.
  • Several solutions have been posed for controlling NOx emissions from diesel powered vehicles and lean-burn gasoline engines. One set of approaches focuses on the engine.
  • SCR Selective catalytic reduction
  • NOx can be temporarily stored in an adsorbant or ammonia can be fed continuously into the exhaust.
  • SCR can achieve NOx reductions in excess of 90%.
  • SCR is widely considered to be the one proven technology for NOx control and has been selected for implementation by European heavy-duty vehicle manufacturers.
  • ammonia In connection with SCR, the provision of ammonia is a concern. Compressed or liquid ammonia on vehicles is considered an unacceptable safety and environmental hazard. Alternatives include urea, which can be hydrolyzed as needed to form ammonia, and ammonia salts, such as carbamate, which can be decomposed to give ammonia.
  • urea which can be hydrolyzed as needed to form ammonia
  • ammonia salts such as carbamate
  • One drawback of such systems is limitations on the operational performance temperature ranges for the materials employed. Aqueous urea-based systems freeze in extremely low temperatures such as temperatures below -11 C. This poses challenges for utilizing such systems in regions that experience moderate to severe winters. At low temperatures, there is a possibility that such aqueous urea-based material can freeze in reservoirs and conduits found in the SCR system. This can compromise emission system performance.
  • a polymeric tube that includes at least one polymeric layer having a heating mechanism associated therewith.
  • the heating mechanism can be at least one of a conductive polymeric layer, a heating element in thermal contact with the polymeric layer, and/or a heating jacket structure. It is contemplated that where a heating jacket is employed, it is associated with the polymeric layer in a manner to contribute to the heating capability of the polymeric tube construction and the fluid material conveyed therethrough. Where a heating jacket is employed, the jacket may be configured to overlie a suitable heat generating structure. Alternately, it is contemplated that the jacket may be configured as a heat producing source as desired or required.
  • a mechanism for continuously heating fluid contents within a polymeric tube that includes an inner polymeric tube configured to convey a fluid material such as aqueous urea therethrough, and outer polymeric jacket surrounding the inner polymeric tube.
  • the outer jacket defines a conduit between the inner tube and the outer jacket.
  • the conduit is configured to convey a suitable heating fluid and may be in communication with a heating fluid return line to convey heating fluid to a suitable reservoir for reheating and reuse.
  • the either the heating fluid return line or the heating fluid conduit may be in thermal communication with a suitable mechanism such as an aqueous urea storage tank prior to return to the heating liquid reservoir.
  • the mechanism may be employed to deliver a material such as an aqueous urea solution to a device such as a selective combustion reactor, other devices include, but are not limited to, wind shield washer devices and various automotive heat exchange devices.
  • FIG 1 is a perspective view a heatable polymeric tube according to an embodiment as disclosed herein;
  • FIG 2 is a schematic view of an assembly including a heatable polymeric tube and at least one coupling member constructed from conductive polymeric material according to an embodiment as disclosed herein;
  • FIG 3 A is a perspective view of an additional embodiment of the heatable polymeric tube as disclosed herein;
  • FIG 3B is a side view of FIG 3A
  • FIG 3C is a side view an alternate embodiment of the heatable polymeric tube of
  • FIG 3A
  • FIG 4 is a detail view of an end connector suitable for use with a heatable tube according to an embodiment as disclosed herein;
  • FIG 5A is a partial perspective view of an additional embodiment of the heatable polymeric tube as disclosed herein.
  • FIG 5B is a schematic view of a recirculating liquid heating system used in combination with an automotive fluid delivery device according to an embodiment disclosed herein;
  • FIG 6A is a cutaway view of an additional embodiment of a heatable tube as disclosed herein;
  • FIG. 6B is a cross sectional view of Fig. 6A;
  • FIG 7A is a cutaway view of an additional embodiment of the heatable tube as disclosed herein;
  • FIG 7B is a detail view of Fig. 7 A with the jacket element removed.
  • FIG 8 s a detail view of a heater tape element suitable for use in the various embodiments.
  • a heatable plastic polymeric tube or tube that includes at least one polymeric layer and at least one heating element associated with at least one polymeric layer.
  • the plastic or polymeric tube disclosed herein may be employed in various devices such as those found in various automotive vehicles.
  • a suitable device or system is one configured to deliver suitable quantities of aqueous urea solution to a device such as a selective combustion reactor used in automotive emission control devices and processes.
  • a device such as a selective combustion reactor used in automotive emission control devices and processes.
  • the plastic or polymeric tube disclosed herein is described in terms of its application to selective combustion reactors, it is to be understood that the tube construction may be employed in a variety of applications including but not limited to windshield washer devices and various automotive heat exchanger devices.
  • the polymeric layer can be constructed from any suitable polymeric material.
  • materials of choice will be extrudable melt processible thermoplastics that exhibit heat stability and are essentially non-reactive to the materials conveyed thought the associated tube, particularly aqueous materials such as aqueous urea solutions, various washer fluid solutions and the like.
  • the materials of choice will those capable of conveying heat to the inner channel of the associated tube or conduit at a level sufficient to prevent freezing of the conveyed aqueous material.
  • the polymeric tube can be composed of multiple polymeric layers in overlying concentric relationship to one another as desired or required.
  • multi-layer tube constructions include but are not limited to the constructions disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 5,524,673 to Noone and Mitchell, incorporated herein by reference.
  • melt-processible materials include, but are not limited to polyamides and polyamide derivatives, fluoropolymers, thermoplastic elastomers, melt-processible polyesters, polyalkylenes, thermoplastic polycarbonates, thermoplastic rubbers,
  • suitable polyamides include, but are not limited to, polyamide 6, polyamide 6,6, polyamide 11 and polyamide 12 as well as aromatic polyamides.
  • suitable thermoplastic polyesters derived from ethylene glycol include polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate and polytetramethylene terephthalate.
  • thermoplastic polycarbonates components include linear, branches and aromatic polycarbonates which may optionally be compounded with materials such as ABS.
  • Suitable amorphous thermoplastic include, but are not limited to, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and the like as well as thermoplastic alloys having the same or similar attributes.
  • suitable materials further include at least one of polyalkylenes and copolymers of polyalkylenes. Such materials are contemplated to include polyalkylene homopolymers as well as copolymeric materials which contain polyalkylene constituents. Such materials are broadly recognized in the art of injection molding as thermoplastic polyolefins (TPOs).
  • At least one alkylene monomeric unit which makes up the homopolymeric or copolymeric group preferably, contains 2 to 6 carbon atoms in branched or unbranched monomeric units, with alkylene monomers having two, three or four carbon atoms being preferred and polymers having at least some propylene groups being most preferred.
  • Polyolefins suitable for use in the compositions of the invention include non-polar thermoplastic, crystalline or semi-crystalline polyolefin homopolymers and copolymers.
  • polyethylene can be low density, ultra-low density or high density material.
  • polypropylene includes homopolymers of propylene as well as reactor copolymers of polypropylene which can contain about 1 to about 20 weight percent of ethylene or various-olefin comonomer of 4 to 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures.
  • Additional materials include put are not limited to thermoplastic polyamides, thermoplastic polycarbonates, and thermoplastic polyesters derived from ethylene glycol.
  • Polyolefins suitable for use include non-polar thermoplastic, crystalline or semi-crystalline polyolefin homopolymers and copolymers. They are prepared from monoolefin monomers having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutylene, 1-pentene and the like, with ethylene, propylene and mixtures thereof being preferred.
  • the polyethylene can be low density, ultra-low density or high density material.
  • polypropylene includes homopolymers of propylene as well as reactor copolymers of polypropylene which can contain about 1 to about 20 weight percent of ethylene or various-olefin comonomer of 4 to 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures.
  • polymeric compounds could be present in the polymeric layer 12. These materials can be present as blend, alloys and the like. As used herein, the term "alloyed relationship" and “alloy” are taken define a randomly oriented dispersion of the minor component in the major component in a manner which facilitates the orientation of the respective component relative to one another upon the application of external forces such as pressure and heat. In the alloyed relationship of the major and minor components in the composition of the present invention, the at least two respective materials exhibit little significant inter-component cross linking or bonding between one another.
  • non-olefinic polymer is broadly construed as a thermoplastic material which lacks significant olefinic qualities but can be successfully processed with polyolefins. More specifically, the non-olefinic polymeric component is at least one from the group which includes thermoplastic polyamides, thermoplastic polycarbonates, and thermoplastic polyesters derived from ethylene glycol.
  • the tube 10 includes at least one polymeric layer 12 with at least one conductive polymeric layer 14 connected thereto.
  • the polymeric layer 12 can be composed of any suitable melt-processible polymeric material.
  • the conductive polymeric layer 14 is composed of at least one polymer that is either inherently conductive or can contains suitable quantities of conductive material to render the associated polymeric layer material suitably conductive. Typically where conductive materials are employed, it is contemplated that the conductive materials is present in an amount sufficient to impart the desired conductive properties. Typically the conductive material content will be between 1 and 15 % by weight.
  • Suitable conductive materials include, but are not limited to elemental carbon, stainless steel and highly conductive metals such as copper, silver, gold, nickel, silicon and mixtures thereof.
  • the term "elemental carbon” as used herein is employed to describe and include materials commonly referred to as "carbon black”.
  • the conductive material can be present in the form of carbon fibers, powders, spheres, and the like.
  • the amount of conductive material contained in layer 14 is generally limited by considerations of low temperature durability and resistance to the degradative effects of the gasoline or fuel passing through the tubing.
  • the thermoplastic material contains conductive material in an amount sufficient to affect conductivity and associated heating.
  • the conductive material can either be blended into the crystalline structure of the polymer or can be incorporated during polymerization of monomers that make up the extrudable thermoplastic material.
  • carbon-containing materials such as carbon black may be subject to incorporation during polymerization of the monomers that make up the surrounding fluoroplastic material. Materials such as stainless steel are more likely to be blended into the polymer.
  • the conductive material present in the polymeric materials of layer 14 can be carbon fibers may be derived from various starting materials, e.g. cellulose derivatives and special types of pitch, for example bitumen, or polyacrylonitrile.
  • the carbon fibers and/or filaments can be coated with a metal layer.
  • suitable metals include nickel, cobalt, copper, gold, silver and alloys of these metals with each other or with iron.
  • the metal layer can have any suitable thickness with thicknesses from 0.05 to 10 microns being contemplated.
  • Preferred carbon fibers have a carbon content above 80% by weight.
  • Fibers having a graphite-like structure and an elastic modulus above 300,000 MPa can be employed where desired or required.
  • Metals that may be particularly advantageous in some instances include cobalt and nickel as well as cobalt-nickel, cobalt-iron, nickel-iron and cobalt-nickel-iron alloys.
  • polymers for example, are suitable for use with metalized carbon fibres: epoxide resins, polyester resins, phenol resins, aminoplastics, polyurethane resin, silicone resins, polyamides, polyimides, thermoplastic polyesters, polycarbonate and polyacrylate.
  • the inner layer is an inherently conductive polymeric material
  • suitable materials include poly(acetylene)s, poly(pyrrole)s, poly(thiophene)s, poly(aniline)s, poly(fluorine)s, polynaphthalenes, poly(p- phenylene sulfide), and poly(para-phenylene vinylene)s.
  • these compounds are known as polyacetylene, polyaniline, etc. "blacks” or "melanins”.
  • the tube may have any suitable outer diameter and inner diameter as well as suitable wall thicknesses. It is contemplated that tubes used to convey aqueous urea compositions to SCR devices will have a wall thickness suitable to maintain the structural integrity of the tube. In automotive applications with thicknesses between 0.02 and 1.0 inches are generally contemplated. It is generally contemplated that the tube 10 can have any suitable OD and BD as desired or required to convey the fluid material.
  • the heating element is configured as an inner conductive layer 14 bonded to a polymeric layer 12.
  • the tube 10 can include suitable bonding or adhesive layers (not shown) as desired or required to further facilitate bonding between the respective layers.
  • suitable bonding or adhesive layers not shown
  • the use of a conductive layer as the heating element together with and an essentially non-conductive polymeric layer postioned outward of the conductive layer can facilitate heat transfer to the fluid material traveling through the tube 10.
  • the outer polymeric layer 12 exhibits at least some insulative character due, at least in part to some of the polymeric materials used in the outer polymeric layer 12. Heat generated as a result of current conveyed through the inner layer 14 is directed inward toward the conveyed fluid. It is also believed that in many configurations, the polymeric material of outer polymeric layer 12 will be on that exhibits electrical insulative characteristics.
  • tubing as disclosed herein can be used together with suitable coupling members 16, 17 as depicted in FIG 2.
  • the coupling members 16, 17 can be configured as quick connectors.
  • suitable quick connectors include those discussed in U.S. Patent Number 6,755, 675 the specification of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the coupling members can be made of a suitable conductive plastic material.
  • tube 10' is composed of at least one polymeric layer 12' with at least one heating element 18 embedded therein.
  • the heating element 18 can be an elongated strip that is surrounded and encased by the polymeric material of layer 12'. It is also within the purview of this disclosure that the elongated strip be interposed between two different layers of a suitable multi-layer tubing structure.
  • the heating elements 18 can be positioned along the radius of the tube 10, structure in any orientation and/or number suitable to achieve heating in the conduit defined by the tube. Where desired or required, the heating element(s) 18 can be spaced equidistant from one another as depicted in FIG 3 A. It is also within the purview of this disclosure to position the various heating elements 18 can be positioned in a non-symmetric relationship relative to one another depending upon various conditions including, but not limited to, the location of the tubing in the automotive vehicle, heat transfer requirements and the like. Where desired or required, the heating element(s) 18 can be spirally wrapped around the tube 10. Other non- limiting examples or suitable orientations include straight longitudinal positioning as well as various other sinusoidal configurations, zigzags and the like.
  • the heating element(s) 18 can be composed of various conductive materials. Non- limiting examples of suitable conductive materials include nickel-plated carbon and various conductive materials as outlined previously. It is also contemplated that the material can be fiber- woven material or the like. Alternately, it is contemplated that the material could, in certain instances, be a resistance wire, etched foil, thin film polymeric construction or the like. [0045] It is contemplated that one or more heating element(s) 18 can be embedded in the tube wall. As depicted in Fig. 3 A, the tube wall has four heating elements 18 embedded in the tube wall at equal circumferential intervals. It is contemplated that the size and number of heating elements 18 embedded in layer 12 will be that sufficient to achieve sufficient heating of the transiting fluid.
  • the embedded element(s) 18 can be oriented in any suitable manner relative to longitudinal axis A of the tube 10, 10'. If desired or required, the embedded element(s) 18 run parallel to the longitudinal axis in a straight manner. Alternately, the embedded element(s) can be positioned in any suitable curvilinear manner. It is also within the purview of this disclosure that the embedded element(s) be embedded in a manner that wraps them spirally around the tube such as tube 10'.
  • the tube such as tube 10' as depicted in Fig. 3 A, 3B, and 3C can be configured with a suitable end connection to couple it to associated devices.
  • the present disclosure contemplates an assembly that includes a tube having at least on polymeric layer, at least one heating element associated with the polymeric layer and at least one end fitting attached to at least one end of the tube.
  • the end connection 20 can include a connector 22 in fluid- tight contact with the tube 10, 10', and a suitable electrical connection 22.
  • the connector is configured to be in suitable electrical contact with the embedded heating element(s).
  • the assembly can include suitable thermostats, sensors, and feedback mechanisms to regulate or control the electric current flowing through the electrical connection and associated the tube 10, 10'.
  • the amount of current traveling through the tube will be that sufficient to maintain the transiting fluid contained in the tube in a liquid state.
  • the tube 10, 10' When employed to convey aqueous urea solutions to a selective catalytic reduction apparatus, it is contemplated that the tube 10, 10' will include a first end (not shown) that can be connected to a suitable aqueous urea reservoir (not shown). The second or exit end of the tube 10, 10' can be suitably connected to a devise such as an associated selective catalytic reduction apparatus.
  • the assembly can include suitable connection to achieve and convey electric current through the tube 10, 10', thereby achieving appropriate heating of the transiting fluid.
  • the assembly can include suitable pumps, monitors, regulators, and the like, as desired or required. It is also contemplated that the associated assembly may include a suitable reservoir or holding tank that can contain quantities of the associated fluid for recirculation and reuse. For example in systems circulating aqueous urea, it is contemplated that the assembly can include a suitable aqueous urea reservoir. Where desired or required, it is also contemplated that the assembly can include suitable heating devices to preheat the fluid prior to transit through the tube. By way of non-limiting example, it is contemplated that a material such as an aqueous urea material can be preheated in the reservoir prior to transit through the tube or tubes.
  • FIG. 5 A Another embodiment of the tube 110 disclosed herein is depicted in Fig. 5 A.
  • Tube 110 as disclosed herein can be used in a suitable device such as a catalytic reduction system utilizing urea and can include the elements depicted in Fig. 5B.
  • tube 110 can include concentric inner and outer polymeric tubes in which the inner tube 111 is configured to convey the aqueous urea solution through a conduit defined in the inner tube from a suitable storage tank 112 to the selective catalytic reduction device 114.
  • the heating element 118 is composed on an outer tube 113 positioned a spaced distance from at least a portion of the outer surface 115 of inner tube 111 in a manner that defines a channel.
  • the outer tube 113 can be concentrically disposed around the inner tube 111.
  • the outer tube 113 can be non-concentrically disposed around the inner tube such that a channel is defined between the inner and outer tubes around at least a portion of the circumference of the inner tube 111.
  • the inner tube 111 can be composed of at least one layer of a polymeric material.
  • the polymeric materials can be those outlined previously in conjunction with the embodiment depicted in Fig. 1.
  • the tube 111 can be composed of a single layer of polymeric material.
  • the tubing 111 can include multiple layers of polymeric tube.
  • Nonlimiting examples of multilayer tube constructions include, but are not limited to, the constructions disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,524,673 to Noone and Mitchell. The specification is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the tube can include various other thermoplastic materials including, but not limited to, aromatic polyamides, aliphatic polyamides, polyalkylenes, thermoplastic elastomers, polyphenylene sulfites, and the like.
  • the inner tube 111 includes outer surface 115. It is contemplated that the outer tube 1 13 is disposed around the inner tube 111 in a manner that defines a transit conduit therearound through which a suitable heated fluid can pass. Thus, the construction of tube 110 accomplishes a tube-in-tube heating jacket. As depicted, it is contemplated that the reactant solution requiring heating is conveyed through the conduit defined by the inner tube 111.
  • a suitable heating fluid is conveyed through the conduit defined by the outer heating jacket 113.
  • the fluid can be any suitable gas or liquid as desired or required.
  • Tube 110 can be configured with suitable fittings, couplings or the like to connect the heating fluid conduit to a suitable heating fluid recirculating system (not shown).
  • the heating fluid recirculating system can include various pumps, reservoirs and the like as necessary to convey sufficient volumes of heating fluid through the heating fluid conduit at a suitable temperature to maintain the temperature in the reactant fluid conduit at a desired temperature.
  • the apparatus 100 as depicted in Fig. 5B is an embodiment of an integrated system that includes tube 110.
  • the apparatus includes a reactant reservoir 112 having suitable pumps and metering devices to introduce a reactant material such as aqueous urea into the inner tube 111 of tube 110.
  • the outer tube 113 includes connections to a suitable heating liquid reservoir 116 configured to collect and maintain suitable quantities of fluid for introduction into the conduit 113.
  • the device can also include suitable pumps 118 and inline heaters 120 to elevate the temperature of the heating fluid to a level sufficient to heat or maintain the temperature of the transiting aqueous urea material.
  • the heating liquid flows through conduit defined by outer tube 113 to an exit point proximate to the discharge point of the inner tube 111.
  • the heating fluid conduit can be connected to a suitable return line 122 to convey the heating fluid back to the reservoir 116 for recirculation and reuse.
  • the heating fluid upon exit from the heating fluid conduit defined by outer tube 113 can be conveyed through a suitable heat exchange coil 124 contained within aqueous urea reservoir 112 to preheat the aqueous urea material prior to introduction into the conduit defined by inner tube 111.
  • the tube 110 and associated apparatus can also include suitable valves and connectors as desired or required.
  • the tube 110 can be connected to a suitable dosing unit 126 to regulate introduction of the transiting aqueous urea solution into the selective catalytic reduction unit 114.
  • the dosing unit can be electronically connected to suitable command devices and the like to regulate the introduction of aqueous urea material into the unit 114.
  • the device can include suitable sensors and other communication elements to coordinate and regulate operations of any pump contained within aqueous urea storage reservoir 112 as well as pumps and heaters associated with the heating fluid circuit.
  • the system can include tubes of various configurations as disclosed herein.
  • the tube 210 includes at least one polymeric layer 212.
  • the polymeric layer can be composed of any suitable material.
  • the polymeric layer can be composed of a melt-processible thermoplastic that has electrically insulative characteristics when in place as the polymeric layer. It is contemplated that the material employed can be one that exhibits electrical insulative characteristics inherently or can be rendered electrically insulative by suitable additives. The material may be one that exhibits resistance to electrical current in the form of heat generation.
  • the material may be one that possesses greater insulative characteristics but is capable of transmitting at least a portion of the heat energy generated in other regions of the tube 210 through to the interior of the tube.
  • Suitable materials include various dielectrics such as polyamides, polyimides, polyethylenes and the like.
  • the inner polymeric layer 212 can be composed of one or more of the materials previously discussed. Where desired or required, the inner layer can be a single layer. It is also within the purview of this disclosure to provide an inner polymeric layer 212 with multiple layers or sublayers as desired or required.
  • the inner polymeric layer 212 includes an inwardly oriented face 214 and an opposed outwardly oriented face 216.
  • rube 210 has a heating element 218 associated with the inner polymeric layer 212 in thermal contact thereto.
  • the heating element 218 can be affixed to a least a portion of the outwardly oriented face 216 of the inner polymeric layer 212.
  • "affixed" to the outer surface of the inner polymeric layer is taken to mean any manner in which the heating element is placed in thermal contact with the outer surface of the polymeric layer.
  • the heating element 218 can be integrated into the outer surface of the inner polymeric layer during processing. It is also contemplated that the heating element can be affixed to that outer surface by suitable adhesives or the like. These are to be considered to be non-limitative examples of heater element affixment.
  • the heater element 218 can be any suitable device for generating and/or transmitting heat in the tube 210. Thus it is within the purview of this disclosure that various wires, foils and constructs utilizing the same can be employed in the heater element.
  • the inner polymeric layer 212 can be constructed from any suitable polymeric material or materials that exhibit electrically insulative characteristics when employed in the polymeric inner tubing layer. The material or materials employed will typically be those that permit heat transmission through to the inner conduit and at least one layer can be classified as a dielectric.
  • the inner polymeric layer 212 can be constructed of one or more polymeric material layers as desired or required.
  • the tube 210 as depicted in Fig. 6 also includes at least one outer jacket layer 220 that surrounds and covers the inner polymeric layer 214.
  • the outer jacket layer 220 can be composed of any suitable polymeric jacketing material or which materials such as polyamides, polyamides blends, thermoplastic elastomers, thermoplastic polyolefins, as well as various thermosetting materials as desired or required.
  • the material employed can be on that exhibits electrically insulative characteristics when employed in the tube construction. Suitable materials can be classified as dielectrics.
  • the jacketing material can be one that can be applied to the tube assembly by various methods, for example various extrusion methods including coextrusion, cross head extrusion and the like.
  • the jacket material can be applied by other suitable methods as desired or required.
  • the jacket layer can be composed of one or mare materials that are alloyed or blended as desired or required.
  • the jacket can also be composed of one or more layers of various polymeric materials as desired or required.
  • the heater element 218 in the embodiment depicted in Fig. 218 is composed of at least one current conveying construct and at least one current regulating element.
  • the current regulating element is a polymeric layer 220 composed of an extrudable polymeric material that exhibits positive temperature coefficient characteristics.
  • the term "positive temperature coefficient" is taken to mean a material that has a variable resistivity; i.e., a resistivity that changes with an external characteristic such temperature, and/or a combination of temperature and time.
  • a resistivity that changes with an external characteristic such temperature, and/or a combination of temperature and time.
  • Non-limiting examples of such materials include PTC polymeric materials that can be employed in various embodiments, if desired or required, include materials that exhibit PTC effects that increase with temperature are contemplated herein.
  • the PTC is typically 45,000 ppm/C at 35° C with an increase to approximately 70,000 ppm/C at 65° C.
  • Suitable materials may be those in which application of a constant voltage will result in rapid heating followed by equilibrium at a defined elevated temperature specified by at least one of circuit design and ambient conditions.
  • Suitable materials will typically have operating ranges with upper operation limit thresholds of 80° C or less.
  • suitable PTC polymers include materials such as various extrudable PTC polymers commercially available from a variety of DuPont Electronic Materials.
  • the at least one inner current conveying element 222 is affixed to the outer surface 213 of the inner polymeric layer 212 in any fashion.
  • the current conveying element 222 is a metal wire or strip helically around the outer surface 213 of the inner polymeric layer 212 in any suitable manner. It is also contemplated that the inner current conveying element can be configured as a layer or mesh if desired or required.
  • the inner current conveying element 222 is affixed to the outer face 213 of the inner polymeric layer 212 by any suitable means and is interposed between the layer 212 and the current regulating element 220. Where desired or required the current regulating layer 220 can be extruded in overlying relationship to the inner polymeric layer 212 and current conveying element 222 in a manner that permits and facilitates electrical contact between the current conveying element 222 and the current regulating layer 220. In the embodiment as depicted in Fig, 6, the current regulating layer 220 is in direct bonded relationship with the current conveying element 222 and the inner polymeric layer 212.
  • the current regulating layer 220 has an inner face 224 oriented toward the inner polymeric layer and an opposed outer face 226.
  • the heating element 218 as depicted in Fig. 6 also includes a second or outer current conveying element 228 in electric contact with the opposed outer face 226 of the current regulating layer 220.
  • the current conveying element 228 is a metal wire or strip helically around the outer surface 226 of the current regulating layer 220 in any suitable manner. It is also contemplated that the outer current conveying element 228 can be configured as a layer or mesh if desired or required.
  • current introduced through one of the two current conveying elements 222, 228 is transmitted through the current regulating layer 220 to the other current conveying element acting as a ground. Transit of the current through the resistive material in the current regulating layer 220 generates heat that is transmitted through to the inner conduit. As temperature in layer 220 rises the flow of current ceases preventing further temperature elevation.
  • Heating element 318 is a suitably configured thin film heater 330.
  • the thin film heater is a suitable dielectric substrate 332 with a positive buss 334, a negative buss 336 and at least one heater unit such as heater block(s) 338 postioned thereon by any suitable method. Where desired or required, heating can be accomplished by resistance or any other suitable method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un tube polymère qui comporte au moins une couche polymère à laquelle est associé un mécanisme de chauffage. Le mécanisme de chauffage est constitué par au moins une couche polymère conductrice ou un élément chauffant noyé dans la couche polymère ou une chemise chauffante. Dans ce dernier cas, la chemise chauffante est associée à la couche polymère de façon à contribuer à la capacité de chauffage de la structure de tube polymère et de la matière fluide transportée par celle-ci. L'invention concerne également au moins un dispositif automobile pour transporter du fluide chauffé jusqu'à une source appropriée, par exemple un dispositif de commande d'émission utilisant une réduction catalytique sélective.
PCT/US2007/072464 2006-06-30 2007-06-29 Tube en matière plastique chauffable flexible Ceased WO2008005829A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81807606P 2006-06-30 2006-06-30
US60/818,076 2006-06-30

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WO2008005829A2 true WO2008005829A2 (fr) 2008-01-10
WO2008005829A3 WO2008005829A3 (fr) 2008-06-26

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WO2011091842A1 (fr) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-04 Leibniz-Institut Für Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E. V. Dispositif et procédé pour le nettoyage à sec, l'activation, le revêtement, la modification et la décontamination biologique des parois intérieures de tuyaux, de tubes et d'autres corps creux
WO2011092186A1 (fr) 2010-01-26 2011-08-04 Leibniz-Institut Für Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E. V. Dispositif et procédé pour produire une décharge électrique dans des corps creux
WO2011139898A1 (fr) 2010-04-29 2011-11-10 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Ensemble tubage et raccord chauffé à l'électricité et destiné à des systèmes de réduction catalytique sélective (scr)
WO2012084721A1 (fr) 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Voss Automotive Gmbh Conduite assemblée pour agents fluidiques et utilisation de ladite conduite dans un système catalyseur scr
EP2518383A1 (fr) 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 Evonik Degussa GmbH Conduite pouvant être tempérée pour applications offshore
EP2520839A2 (fr) 2011-05-06 2012-11-07 Evonik Degussa GmbH Conduite pouvant être tempérée pour applications offshore
EP2653765A1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-23 TI Automotive (Heidelberg) GmbH Conduite pour un milieu fluidique à tempérer
US20150059320A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-03-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Cooling device for connection piece
WO2015074776A1 (fr) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-28 Contitech Ag Corps creux chauffable
WO2018112150A1 (fr) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-21 Gates Corporation Dispositif de chauffage par immersion électrique pour réservoir de fluide d'échappement de moteur diesel
CN112265302A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2021-01-26 常州市东海橡胶厂有限公司 一种机动车尾气后处理scr系统用橡胶尿素管的制造工艺
TWI733658B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2021-07-21 南韓商愛茉莉太平洋股份有限公司 化學各向異性粒子及其化妝品組合物
US11174772B2 (en) 2020-02-25 2021-11-16 Caterpillar Inc. Mitigation of diesel emission fluid (DEF) deposition in exhaust system for engine
DE102009060065C5 (de) 2009-12-22 2024-09-05 Veritas Ag Fluidleitung

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DE102009060065C5 (de) 2009-12-22 2024-09-05 Veritas Ag Fluidleitung
WO2011092186A1 (fr) 2010-01-26 2011-08-04 Leibniz-Institut Für Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E. V. Dispositif et procédé pour produire une décharge électrique dans des corps creux
US9192040B2 (en) 2010-01-26 2015-11-17 Leibniz-Institut Fuer Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E.V., Inp Greifswald Device and method for generating an electrical discharge in hollow bodies
WO2011091842A1 (fr) * 2010-01-26 2011-08-04 Leibniz-Institut Für Plasmaforschung Und Technologie E. V. Dispositif et procédé pour le nettoyage à sec, l'activation, le revêtement, la modification et la décontamination biologique des parois intérieures de tuyaux, de tubes et d'autres corps creux
WO2011139898A1 (fr) 2010-04-29 2011-11-10 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Ensemble tubage et raccord chauffé à l'électricité et destiné à des systèmes de réduction catalytique sélective (scr)
CN103270360A (zh) * 2010-12-22 2013-08-28 福士汽车配套部件责任有限公司 可量产的介质导管及其在scr催化器系统中的应用
WO2012084721A1 (fr) 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Voss Automotive Gmbh Conduite assemblée pour agents fluidiques et utilisation de ladite conduite dans un système catalyseur scr
US9353662B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2016-05-31 Voss Automotive Gmbh Fabricated media line and use in an SCR catalyst system
CN103270360B (zh) * 2010-12-22 2016-05-04 福士汽车配套部件责任有限公司 可量产的介质导管及其在scr催化器系统中的应用
JP2012233577A (ja) * 2011-04-29 2012-11-29 Evonik Degussa Gmbh 海洋に適用するための温度調節可能な導管
US9151418B2 (en) 2011-04-29 2015-10-06 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Temperature-controllable pipe
EP2518383A1 (fr) 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 Evonik Degussa GmbH Conduite pouvant être tempérée pour applications offshore
RU2597724C2 (ru) * 2011-04-29 2016-09-20 Эвоник Дегусса Гмбх Гибкая труба многослойной конструкции, ее применение и способ обогрева гибкой трубы
DE102011017811A1 (de) 2011-04-29 2012-10-31 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Temperierbare Rohrleitung für Offshoreanwendungen
DE102011075383A1 (de) 2011-05-06 2012-11-08 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Temperierbare Rohrleitung für Offshoreanwendungen
EP2520839A2 (fr) 2011-05-06 2012-11-07 Evonik Degussa GmbH Conduite pouvant être tempérée pour applications offshore
US9133965B2 (en) 2011-05-06 2015-09-15 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Temperature-controllable pipe suitable for offshore applications
RU2598618C2 (ru) * 2011-05-06 2016-09-27 Эвоник Дегусса Гмбх Гибкая труба, способ ее обогрева и ее применение для транспортировки сырой нефти
US9598994B2 (en) * 2012-04-03 2017-03-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Cooling device for connection piece
US20150059320A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-03-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Cooling device for connection piece
US9371942B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2016-06-21 Ti Automotive (Heidelberg) Gmbh Tubing for a liquid medium that is to be conditioned
EP2653765A1 (fr) * 2012-04-20 2013-10-23 TI Automotive (Heidelberg) GmbH Conduite pour un milieu fluidique à tempérer
CN105934621A (zh) * 2013-11-22 2016-09-07 康蒂泰克股份公司 可加热空心体
US20160290545A1 (en) * 2013-11-22 2016-10-06 Contitech Ag Heatable hollow body
WO2015074776A1 (fr) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-28 Contitech Ag Corps creux chauffable
TWI733658B (zh) * 2014-12-31 2021-07-21 南韓商愛茉莉太平洋股份有限公司 化學各向異性粒子及其化妝品組合物
WO2018112150A1 (fr) * 2016-12-16 2018-06-21 Gates Corporation Dispositif de chauffage par immersion électrique pour réservoir de fluide d'échappement de moteur diesel
US10323556B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2019-06-18 Gates Corporation Electric immersion heater for diesel exhaust fluid reservoir
CN110073084A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2019-07-30 盖茨公司 用于柴油机废气处理液贮存器的电气浸没式加热器
EP3555440B1 (fr) * 2016-12-16 2022-05-18 Gates Corporation Chauffeur électrique d'immersion pour réservoir du fluide d'échappement diesel
US11174772B2 (en) 2020-02-25 2021-11-16 Caterpillar Inc. Mitigation of diesel emission fluid (DEF) deposition in exhaust system for engine
CN112265302A (zh) * 2020-09-17 2021-01-26 常州市东海橡胶厂有限公司 一种机动车尾气后处理scr系统用橡胶尿素管的制造工艺

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