WO2008029572A1 - Appareil et procédé d'estimation de l'état interne d'une batterie secondaire - Google Patents
Appareil et procédé d'estimation de l'état interne d'une batterie secondaire Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008029572A1 WO2008029572A1 PCT/JP2007/065122 JP2007065122W WO2008029572A1 WO 2008029572 A1 WO2008029572 A1 WO 2008029572A1 JP 2007065122 W JP2007065122 W JP 2007065122W WO 2008029572 A1 WO2008029572 A1 WO 2008029572A1
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- secondary battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a secondary battery internal state estimation device and a secondary battery internal state estimation method.
- the present invention relates to an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery and an internal state estimating method for a secondary battery. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for estimating an internal state of a secondary battery according to a battery model.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-033 4 6 9 19 discloses a method for estimating a state of charge (SOC) of a secondary battery. According to this method, first, the ion concentration distribution in the active material forming the lithium ion battery is calculated based on the current value flowing into the storage battery. Next, the open circuit voltage of the power storage device is calculated based on the calculated ion concentration distribution. Then, S OC is estimated based on the open circuit voltage.
- SOC state of charge
- the material property values of the secondary battery are modeled.
- the active material is assumed to be spherical.
- the ion concentration distribution is assumed to be distributed in the radial direction of the sphere, and the ion concentration distribution is assumed to be uniform in the circumferential direction.
- the deterioration state of the secondary battery varies depending on the usage environment of the secondary battery.
- the conventional SOC estimation method based on the equivalent circuit, information on the battery capacity and the internal resistance of the battery can be obtained.
- the value of internal resistance and the rate of change due to deterioration differ depending on the measurement method.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the difference in the internal resistance of the secondary battery due to the difference in measurement method.
- the secondary battery outputs a constant battery current Ib in a pulse form between times t 0 and t 2.
- the battery output voltage V b decreases from time t 0 to time t 1 and gradually recovers after the pulse current is cut off (ie, after time tl).
- ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ 2 indicate the amount of decrease in battery output voltage V b at times t a and t b, respectively.
- V b battery output voltage
- An object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery internal state estimation device and an internal state estimation method capable of estimating the internal state of a secondary battery with high accuracy.
- the present invention is an internal state estimation device for a secondary battery, and includes a parameter generation unit and an internal state estimation unit.
- the parameter generation unit generates a parameter value including the material property value of the secondary battery based on the information indicating the usage state of the secondary battery.
- the internal state estimation unit uses a battery model that can estimate the internal reaction of the secondary battery based on the parameter value, and gives the parameter value acquired from the parameter generation unit to the battery model to estimate the internal state of the secondary battery. .
- the internal state estimating device of the secondary battery further includes a sensor that detects the output of the secondary battery and outputs the detected value as information indicating the usage state of the secondary battery.
- the internal state estimation unit calculates a predicted value of the output of the secondary battery based on the estimated internal state of the secondary battery.
- the parameter generation unit stores a parameter value that estimates the parameter value so that the detected value and the predicted value are equal, and updates the stored parameter value based on the estimation result of the parameter estimation unit.
- a parameter storage unit for providing the updated parameter value to the internal state estimation unit.
- the internal state estimation device for the secondary battery further includes a deterioration characteristic storage unit and a deterioration estimation unit.
- the deterioration characteristics storage unit is a parameter for the usage of secondary batteries.
- the standard deterioration characteristic of the data value is stored in advance.
- the deterioration estimation unit estimates the deterioration state of the secondary battery based on the deterioration characteristics and the updated parameter value that is the parameter value updated by the parameter update unit.
- the deterioration estimation unit sets a parameter value obtained based on the usage and deterioration characteristics of the secondary battery at the time of updating the parameter value as a standard value of the updated parameter value.
- the deterioration estimation unit compares the standard value with the updated parameter value to determine whether or not the secondary battery has deteriorated from the standard usage state.
- the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery further includes a display unit for displaying a determination result of the deterioration estimating unit.
- a limit value of a parameter value is set in advance for the deterioration characteristic.
- the degradation estimation unit calculates the difference in usage between the limit value and the updated parameter value based on the degradation characteristics, and estimates the usage difference as the remaining life of the secondary battery.
- the internal state estimating device for the secondary battery further includes a display unit for displaying the remaining life.
- the secondary battery includes a lithium ion battery.
- Material physical properties include ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity in the solid layer, diffusion coefficient of active material, and reaction resistance.
- a method for estimating an internal state of a secondary battery wherein a parameter value including a material property value of the secondary battery is generated based on information indicating a usage state of the secondary battery; Use a battery model that can estimate the internal reaction of the secondary battery based on the parameter value, and give the parameter value generated in the parameter value generation step to the battery model to estimate the internal state of the secondary battery Steps.
- the output of the secondary battery is detected using a sensor provided in the secondary battery, and the detected value of the sensor is output as information indicating the usage state of the secondary battery.
- a predicted value of the output of the secondary battery is calculated based on the estimated internal state of the secondary battery.
- the step of generating the parameter value includes a step of estimating the parameter value so that the detected value and the predicted value are equal, and a step of updating the parameter value stored in advance based on the estimation result of the parameter value. Including.
- the method for estimating the internal state of the secondary battery is based on the usage of the secondary battery.
- the method further includes the step of estimating the deterioration state of the secondary battery based on the standard deterioration characteristic of the parameter value and the updated parameter value that is the parameter value updated in the steza for updating the parameter value.
- the parameter value obtained based on the usage and deterioration characteristics of the secondary battery at the time of updating the parameter value is set as a standard value of the update parameter value.
- the standard value and the updated parameter value are compared to determine whether or not the secondary battery has deteriorated from the standard usage state.
- the internal state estimation method of the secondary battery further includes a step of displaying a determination result in the step of estimating the deterioration state of the secondary battery.
- a limit value of a parameter value is set in advance for the deterioration characteristic.
- the difference in usage between the limit value and the updated parameter value is obtained based on the deterioration characteristics, and the difference in usage is estimated as the remaining life of the secondary battery.
- the method for estimating the internal state of the secondary battery further includes a step of displaying the remaining life.
- the secondary battery includes a lithium ion battery.
- Material physical properties include ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity in the solid layer, diffusion coefficient of active material, and reaction resistance.
- the internal state of the secondary battery can be accurately estimated.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power supply system including an internal state estimation device for a secondary battery and a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the secondary battery 10.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating secondary battery modeling in the battery model unit 60.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for the secondary battery according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an estimation process performed by the battery internal state estimation device according to the first embodiment. It is a flowchart.
- FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an estimation process of the deterioration state of the secondary battery by the deterioration characteristic storage unit 82 and the deterioration estimation unit 84 in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a degradation state estimation process performed by the internal state estimation device for a secondary battery according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a power supply system including an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating determination of deterioration of the secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a deterioration state display process performed by the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the remaining life estimation of the secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a remaining life estimation process performed by the internal state estimation device for a secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of the hardware configuration of E C U 50.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining an example of the display of the estimation result of the internal state of the secondary battery.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining another example of the display of the estimation result of the internal state of the secondary battery.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the difference in the internal resistance of the secondary battery due to the difference in measurement method.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power supply system including an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery and a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a power supply system 5 includes a secondary battery 10, a load 20, a secondary battery cooling fan 40, and an electronic control unit (ECU) 50. .
- ECU electronice control unit
- a lithium ion battery is typically used as the rechargeable secondary battery 10.
- a lithium ion battery is suitable for application of the present invention because its output characteristics vary depending on the distribution state of the lithium ion concentration inside the battery.
- the secondary battery 10 includes a temperature sensor 30 that measures the battery temperature T b, and a current sensor 3 2 that measures the input / output current I b (hereinafter also referred to as battery current I b) of the secondary battery 10. , And a voltage sensor 34 that measures a terminal-to-terminal voltage V b between the positive electrode and the negative electrode (hereinafter also referred to as battery output voltage V b).
- the cooling fan 40 is connected to the secondary battery 10 via the refrigerant passage 41 and supplies the cooling air 45 to the refrigerant passage 41.
- the secondary battery 10 is appropriately provided with a refrigerant path so that each cell of the secondary battery 10 can be cooled by the cooling air 45 supplied via the refrigerant path 41. Operation of cooling fan 40 The amount of refrigerant supplied when Z is stopped and activated is controlled by E C U 50.
- the load 20 is driven by the output power from the secondary battery 10.
- a power generation / power supply element (not shown) is provided so as to be included in the load 20, or provided separately from the load 20, and the secondary battery 10 is connected to the power generation / power supply element. It is assumed that charging is possible with a charging current. Therefore, when the secondary battery 10 is discharged, the battery current I b> 0, and when the secondary battery 10 is charged, the battery current I b ⁇ 0.
- the ECU 50 follows the battery model that can dynamically estimate the internal state of the secondary battery 10 based on the detection values from the sensor groups 30, 32, 34 provided in the secondary battery 10.
- the ECU 50 determines the output power (discharge power upper limit value) W out and the input from the secondary battery 10 based on the estimation result of the battery model 60 (for example, the SOC of the secondary battery 10).
- Possible power (Charging power upper limit value) Win is calculated.
- the input / output possible power W i n and the output possible power Wo u t set by the ECU 50 are sent to the control element of the load 20.
- the ECU 50 is typically composed of a predetermined computer sequence programmed in advance and a microphone computer for executing a predetermined operation and a memory (RAM, ROM, etc.).
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of the secondary battery 10.
- secondary battery 10 includes a negative electrode 12, a separator 14, and a positive electrode 15.
- the separator 14 is configured by infiltrating an electrolytic solution into a resin provided between the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 15.
- Each of the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 15 is composed of an aggregate of spherical active materials 18.
- a chemical reaction that releases lithium ions L i + and electrons e- takes place.
- a chemical reaction that absorbs lithium ions L i + and electrons e ⁇ is performed.
- the negative electrode 12 is provided with a current collector 13 that absorbs electrons e ⁇ , and the positive electrode 15 is provided with a current collector 16 that emits electrons e ⁇ .
- the negative current collector 13 is typically composed of copper, and the positive current collector 16 is typically composed of aluminum.
- the current collector 13 is provided with a negative electrode terminal 1 1 n, and the current collector 16 is provided with a positive electrode terminal 11 p.
- the secondary battery (battery cell) 10 is charged and discharged by the exchange of lithium ions Li + through the separator 14, and a charging current (I b> 0) or a discharging current (I b 0 0) is generated.
- the charge / discharge state inside the secondary battery varies depending on the concentration distribution of lithium ions in the electrodes (positive electrode and negative electrode).
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating secondary battery modeling in the battery model unit 60.
- each active material 18 is common to each of the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 15 of the secondary battery 10. Assuming that, for each of the negative electrode 12 and the positive electrode 15, typically one active material 18 n and 18 p is assumed.
- negative electrode active material 1 8 n Electrode reaction on the surface, active material 1 8 Lithium atom in ⁇ Li force Electron e- emission, Lithium ion Li + + Electrolysis in separator 14 Released into the liquid.
- lithium ions in the electrolyte solution take in Li + and absorb the electron e-.
- lithium atoms Li are taken into the positive electrode active material 18 p.
- the release of lithium ions Li + from the negative electrode active material 18 n and the uptake of lithium ions Li + in the positive electrode active material 18 p lead from the positive current collector 16 to the negative current collector 13. Therefore, current flows.
- lithium ions Li + in the electric field liquid are taken in by the electrode reaction on the negative electrode active material 18 n surface, and in the electrode reaction on the positive electrode active material 18 p surface, Lithium ions Li + are released into the electrolysis solution.
- This battery model is composed of battery model formulas (M 1) to (M l 5).
- Figure 4 shows the variables and constants used in the battery model in tabular form.
- FIG. 4 shows a list of variables and constants used in the following battery model equations (M l) to (M l 5).
- the ion concentration of the active material, the electron conductivity in the solid layer, the diffusion coefficient of the active material, and the reaction resistance (or exchange current density) are parameters input to the battery model. Included in the value.
- Equations (Ml) to (M3) are equations representing the electrode reaction, called Butler-Volmer equations. Exchange current density i in equation (Ml). Is given as a function of the lithium ion concentration at the interface of the active material 18. For details on the following explanation, see, for example, “THERMAL- ELECTROCHEMICAL COUPLED MODELING OF A LITHIUM-ION CELL” J (ECS Proceedings Vol.99) by WBGuand CYWang. -25 (1), 2000, publishing country: USA, publisher: Electrochemical Society ( ECS ), publication year: 2000, page: pp 743-762). Details of ⁇ in Ml) are shown, and Equation ( ⁇ 3) shows details of U in Equation ( ⁇ 2).
- Equations (M4) to (M6) show the conservation law of lithium ions in the electrolysis solution.
- Equation (M5) shows the definition of the effective diffusion coefficient in the electrolysis solution.
- the reaction current j " is expressed by the active material surface area a s per unit volume of the electrode and the equation (Ml). It is shown that the volume integral of the reaction current j "across the electrodes corresponds to the battery current Ib.
- Equations (M7) and (M8) show the diffusion equation in active material 18 that is a sphere in c equation (M7) where the law of conservation of lithium ions in the solid phase is shown, In the formula (M8), the active material surface area a s per electrode unit volume is shown. (9)
- equations (M9) to (Ml 1) an equation indicating the potential in the electrolysis solution is derived from the charge conservation law in the electrolysis solution.
- Equation (M10) shows the effective ionic conductivity ff
- Equation (Ml 1) shows the diffusion conductivity coefficient K D eff in the electrolysis solution.
- a eff £ s a (113)
- Equations (Ml 2) and (Ml 3) give the equation for determining the potential in the solid phase from the law of conservation of charge in the active material.
- Equations (Ml 4) and (Ml 5) express the thermal energy conservation law. This makes it possible to analyze local temperature changes inside the secondary battery due to charge / discharge phenomena.
- Figure 4 shows the battery model equations of equations (Ml) ⁇ . (Ml 5) by sequentially solving a differential equation with appropriate boundary conditions at each point in the active material 18p, 18 ⁇ and electrolysis solution.
- the time transition of the battery state reflecting the internal reaction of the secondary battery can be estimated by sequentially calculating each variable.
- the concentration of the ions is a function of the radius ⁇ in the active material, and the concentration of the rhythmic ions is treated as uniform in the circumferential direction.
- S O C is obtained from the number of lithium atoms in the negative electrode active material 18 n. Moreover, by estimating the lithium ion concentration distribution inside the active material 18 p, 18 n, it is possible to predict the battery state reflecting the past charge / discharge history. For example, even if the current SOC is the same, if the current SOC is discharged by charging and then discharged, the output voltage is relatively lower than when the current SOC is discharged and then discharged further. Although it is difficult to decrease, it is possible to predict such a phenomenon.
- the lithium ion concentration in the negative electrode active material 18 n is relatively high on the surface side, while during discharge, the lithium ion concentration in the negative electrode active material 18 n is on the surface side. Therefore, it is possible to make the above predictions reflecting the concentration distribution of lithium ions in the active material.
- S O C may be obtained on the assumption that an electric double layer exists between the active material 18 p, 18 ⁇ and the electrolyte.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for the secondary battery according to the first embodiment.
- the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery includes a voltage sensor 3 4 and E C U 50.
- E C U 50 includes a battery model unit 60, a parameter generation unit 62, and a comparison unit 75.
- the parameter generation unit 62 includes a parameter identification unit 65 and a parameter management unit 80.
- the battery model unit 60 uses a battery model that can estimate the internal reaction of the secondary battery 10 based on the parameter value, and gives the parameter value obtained from the parameter generation unit 62 to the battery model to give the secondary battery 1 Estimate the internal state of zero. More specifically, the battery model unit 60 acquires parameter values including the material property values of the secondary battery from the parameter management unit 80. The detection value of voltage sensor 34 is input to the battery model whose internal state is defined by this parameter value. The battery model unit 60 estimates the SOC using the battery model and predicts the current output from the secondary battery 10 based on the battery model. From the battery model unit 60, the prediction result of the current output from the secondary battery 10 is output as the predicted current Ib #. The comparison unit 7 5 compares the actual battery output current I b detected by the current sensor 3 2 with the predicted current I b #, and if the difference between the two is large, notifies the parameter generation unit 6 2 .
- the battery model unit 60 can predict the voltage output from the secondary battery 10. Therefore, the comparison unit 7 5 compares the prediction result (prediction voltage) output from the battery model unit 60 with the actual battery output voltage V b detected by the voltage sensor 3 4, and the difference between the two is large. You may notify the parameter generator 6 2 in case.
- the parameter generation unit 62 generates a parameter value including material property values of the secondary battery 10 based on information indicating the usage state of the secondary battery 10. More specifically, the parameter generation unit 62 generates a parameter value based on the actual battery output voltage Vb detected by the voltage sensor 34. That is, the value of the battery output voltage V b detected by the voltage sensor 34 corresponds to “information based on the usage state of the secondary battery 10”.
- the detection value of the current sensor 32 is input to the battery model unit 60, the actual battery output current Ib detected by the current sensor 32 is set to “Used state of secondary battery 10”. Corresponding to “information based”.
- the battery model can reflect only the internal state of the secondary battery at a certain point in time (for example, when the secondary battery is new). Therefore, as the use of secondary batteries progresses, the estimation accuracy such as SOC decreases.
- the battery model is updated by updating the parameters based on the usage state of the secondary battery 10. As a result, the difference between the actual internal state of the secondary battery and the internal state of the secondary battery estimated by the battery model can be reduced, so that SOC and the like can be accurately estimated.
- the parameter generation unit 62 includes a parameter identification unit 65 and a parameter management unit 80.
- the parameter identification unit 65 and the parameter management unit 80 correspond to the “parameter estimation unit” and the “parameter update unit” in the present invention, respectively.
- the parameter identification unit 65 optimizes (identifies) the parameter value so that the battery output current Ib matches the predicted current Ib # (or the difference between the two is minimized).
- the parameter identification unit 6 5 is most reliable using, for example, Kalman filter theory.
- the parameter value is optimized by estimating the parameter value.
- the parameter identification unit 65 may estimate the optimum parameter value using another optimization method (for example, the least square method).
- the parameter management unit 80 manages (stores) parameter values used in the battery model.
- the parameter management unit 80 receives the parameter value (parameter identification value) identified by the parameter identification unit 65 and updates the parameter value to be stored.
- the parameter management unit 80 gives the parameter value to be stored to the battery model unit 60. Accordingly, the parameter value input to the battery model unit 60 is updated as appropriate.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an estimation process by the battery internal state estimation device according to the first embodiment.
- voltage sensor 34 detects the voltage of secondary battery 10 at step S1.
- the battery model unit 60 acquires the detection value of the voltage sensor 34.
- step S2 the battery model unit 60 acquires parameter values from the parameter management unit 80.
- step S 3 the battery model unit 60 inputs the detected value of the sensor and the parameter value into the battery model, and estimates the internal state of the secondary battery 10 (the SOC and the secondary battery 10). Obtain the predicted current I b #).
- step S4 the parameter identification unit 65 optimizes the parameter value based on the difference between the predicted current Ib # and the battery output current Ib. As a result, a parameter value for reflecting the deterioration state of the secondary battery in the battery model is generated. Then in step S5, no.
- the parameter identification unit 65 inputs the optimized parameter value to the parameter management unit 80. As a result, the parameter value stored in the parameter management unit 80 is updated. Therefore, the parameter value acquired by the battery model unit 60 in step S 2 is a parameter generated based on the usage state of the secondary battery 10.
- the internal state of the secondary battery can be accurately estimated, so that the battery performance can be maximized when the secondary battery is used. Further, according to Embodiment 1, as much power as possible can be extracted from the secondary battery. Therefore, the battery can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 7 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the second embodiment.
- the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the second embodiment includes voltage sensor 3 4 and E C U 50.
- E C U 50 includes a battery model unit 60, a parameter generation unit 62, and a comparison unit 75.
- the parameter generation unit 62 includes a parameter identification unit 65 and a parameter management unit 80.
- E C U 50 further includes a degradation characteristic storage unit 8 2 and a degradation estimation unit 8 4.
- the deterioration characteristic storage unit 82 stores in advance standard deterioration characteristics of parameter values with respect to the usage of the secondary battery 10.
- the degradation estimation unit 8 4 uses the parameter value degradation characteristic stored in the degradation characteristic storage unit 8 2 and the parameter value (updated parameter value) updated by the parameter management unit 80 to recharge the secondary battery 1.
- FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram for explaining an estimation process of the deterioration state of the secondary battery by the deterioration characteristic storage unit 82 and the deterioration estimation unit 84 in FIG.
- the parameters to be updated are the lithium ion concentration of the active material, the electron conductivity in the solid layer, the diffusion coefficient of the active material, and the reaction resistance (or exchange current density). , Y.
- the usage time or the integrated charge / discharge current value is used as the usage of the secondary battery.
- the secondary battery that is charge / discharge controlled according to the present invention is mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, the travel distance can be used as the battery usage.
- the deterioration characteristic line 2 0 0 is obtained in advance for the parameter X to be updated, and the deterioration characteristic line 2 1 0 is obtained in advance for the parameter Y. It has been.
- the limit value for the parameter is determined in advance. If the parameter value changes (decreases or increases) beyond the limit value, It is determined that there is.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a degradation state estimation process performed by the internal state estimation device for a secondary battery according to the second embodiment.
- step S6 The flowchart shown in FIG. 9 is obtained by adding step S6 after step S5 of the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the processes in steps S 1 to S 5 shown in FIG. 8 are the same as the processes in steps S 1 to S 5 shown in FIG. Therefore, in the following, steps S1 to S5 will not be repeated, and only step S6 will be described.
- step S 6 the degradation estimation unit 8 4 uses the updated parameter value acquired from the parameter management unit 80 and the degradation characteristic stored in the degradation characteristic storage unit 8 2 (degradation characteristic lines 2 0 0, 2 in FIG. 8). 10) to estimate the deterioration state of the secondary battery shown in Fig. 8.
- the parameter value input to the battery model is updated based on the usage state of the secondary battery, and the updated parameter and the deterioration characteristics of the parameter are referred to. Determine the degradation state.
- the deterioration state of the secondary battery can be accurately estimated.
- battery performance can be maximized when using secondary batteries.
- the third embodiment not only the parameter value is updated, but also the updated parameter value is compared with the parameter value on the deterioration curve. Further, in the third embodiment, the comparison result is displayed. As a result, the user of the secondary battery can grasp whether or not the deterioration of the secondary battery is progressing more than usual.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a power supply system including an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- power supply system 5 includes a secondary battery 10, a load 20, a secondary battery cooling fan 40, an ECU 50, and a display 90.
- Display unit 90 Receives information about the internal state of the secondary battery from ECU 50 and displays the information.
- FIG. 11 is a functional block diagram of the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery includes a voltage sensor 34, an ECU 50 and a display unit 90.
- E C U 50 includes a battery model unit 60, a parameter generation unit 62, and a comparison unit 75.
- the parameter generation unit 62 includes a parameter identification unit 65 and a parameter management unit 80.
- E C U 50 further includes a degradation characteristic storage unit 8 2 and a degradation estimation unit 8 4.
- Display section 90 displays information received from degradation estimation section 84.
- FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating determination of deterioration of the secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- the degradation characteristic is obtained in advance for the update target parameter.
- the degradation estimation unit 84 obtains the standard value (parameter value on the degradation characteristic line) of the updated parameter value based on the secondary battery's versatility and the degradation characteristics when the parameter value is updated.
- the deterioration estimation unit 84 compares the standard value with the updated parameter value to determine whether or not the secondary battery has deteriorated from the standard use state.
- Display unit 90 displays the determination result received from degradation estimation unit 84.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a deterioration state display process performed by the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the third embodiment.
- steps S7 to S10 are added after step S5 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 6.
- the processing in steps S 1 to S 5 in the flowchart shown in FIG. 13 is the same as the processing in steps S 1 to S 5 in the flowchart shown in FIG. Therefore, only the processing of steps S7 to S10 will be described below.
- step S 7 the deterioration estimation unit 8 4 is stored in the deterioration characteristic storage unit 8 2.
- step S8 the deterioration estimation unit 84 compares the value of the update parameter with the parameter value on the deterioration characteristic line corresponding to the parameter, and the deterioration of the secondary battery progresses more than the standard use state. It is determined whether or not.
- step S8 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 2 and FIG. 11.
- the degradation estimation unit 8 4 It is determined that the secondary battery 10 has deteriorated more than the standard use state.
- the degradation estimation unit 84 determines that the degradation of the secondary battery 10 has not progressed beyond the standard usage state.
- the deterioration estimation unit 8 4 displays the display unit 9 0.
- the first judgment result is sent to.
- the display unit 90 displays based on the first determination result that the secondary battery is more deteriorated than in the normal use state (standard use state).
- step S10 display unit 90 displays based on the second determination result that the secondary battery has not deteriorated more than the normal use state.
- the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery is mounted on a vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle
- the driver can grasp the deterioration status of the secondary battery.
- a hybrid vehicle equipped with a secondary battery internal state estimation device is sold as a used vehicle
- the selling price of the vehicle can be set based on the deterioration status of the secondary battery.
- the purchase applicant can indicate the battery deterioration status when purchasing the used car, the purchase applicant can be prevented from having anxiety about the battery deterioration status.
- the remaining life of the secondary battery is estimated based on the updated parameter value. Further, in the fourth embodiment, the estimated remaining life is displayed.
- the configuration of the power supply system including the internal state estimating device for the secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the power supply system shown in FIG.
- the configuration of the function block of the internal state estimation device for the secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment is the same as the configuration of the function block shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the remaining life estimation of the secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment. Referring to Fig. 14, as in Embodiments 2 and 3, the degradation characteristics are determined in advance for the update target parameters.
- the limit value for the parameter is determined in advance. If the parameter value changes (decreases or increases) beyond the limit value, It is determined that there is. As described above, the limit value of the parameter value is set in advance for the deterioration characteristic stored in the deterioration characteristic storage unit 82.
- the degradation estimation unit 84 determines the usage corresponding to the updated parameter value according to the degradation characteristic line. Then, the degradation estimation unit 84 determines the difference between the usage and the usage when the lifetime is reached, and estimates the difference as the remaining life of the secondary battery. By estimating the usage of the secondary battery using the updated parameter value, it is possible to accurately estimate the usage of the secondary battery at the time of updating the parameter value. As a result, the remaining life can be estimated accurately.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the remaining life estimation process performed by the internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the fourth embodiment.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 15 is obtained by adding the processes of steps S 11 and S 12 after the process of step S 5 of the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the process of steps S 1 to S 5 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 15 is the same as the process of steps S 1 to S 5 of the flowchart shown in FIG. Therefore, only the processing of steps S 1 1 and S 1 2 will be described below.
- degradation estimation unit 84 refers to degradation characteristic lines 2 0 0 and 2 1 0.
- the degradation estimation unit 84 estimates the remaining life of the secondary battery based on the difference between the usage corresponding to the updated parameter value and the usage when the lifetime is reached.
- step S 1 2 the parameter management unit 8 0 displays the remainder on the display unit 9 0. Display life information.
- displaying the remaining life of the secondary battery allows the convenience of the user to be achieved as in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a hardware configuration example of the ECU 50.
- ECU 50 includes a CPU 501, a ROM 502, a RAM 503, and a bus 504.
- the CPU 501 operates as a secondary battery internal state estimating device having the functional blocks shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 by executing predetermined sequences and predetermined operations programmed in advance.
- the ROM 502 stores a program for causing the CPU 501 to execute estimation processing in a nonvolatile manner.
- the RAM 503 temporarily stores data necessary for the CPU 501 processing. Data exchange between the CPU 50 1 and the ROM 502 (in some cases, the RAM 503) is performed via the bus 504.
- the ROM 502 corresponds to a computer (CPU 501) -readable recording medium that records a program including the steps of the flowcharts shown in any of FIGS. 6, 9, 13, and 15.
- the secondary battery and the internal state estimation device for the secondary battery described above can be mounted on a hybrid-driven vehicle 500 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a hybrid vehicle equipped with an internal state estimating device for a secondary battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- a hybrid drive vehicle 500 includes an engine 5 10, a battery 520 controlled by a battery ECU 525, an inverter 530, wheels 540a, a transaxle 550, and a hybrid drive vehicle 5.00.
- An electronic control unit (HV—ECU) 590 that controls the overall operation of the system.
- HV—ECU 590 and battery ECU 525 correspond to ECU 50 shown in FIG.
- Engine 510 generates driving force using the combustion energy of fuel such as gasoline as a source.
- the battery 520 supplies DC power to the power line 551.
- the battery 5 20 typically consists of a lithium-ion secondary battery, and is connected to the battery ECU 525. More controlled. That is, the battery ECU 5 25 sets the input / output possible powers W in and W out based on the estimation result of the battery model for estimating the internal state of the battery 5 20.
- Inverter 5 3 0 converts the DC power supplied from battery 5 2 0 into AC power and outputs it to power line 5 53. Alternatively, the inverter 5 3 0 converts the AC power supplied to the power lines 5 5 2 and 5 5 3 into DC power and outputs it to the power line 5 5 1.
- the transaxle 5 50 includes a transmission and an axle (axle) as an integral structure, and includes a power split mechanism 5 60, a speed reducer 5 70, a motor generator MG 1, and a motor generator MG 2. .
- the power split mechanism 5 60 includes a path for transmitting the driving force generated by the engine 5 1 0 to the drive shaft 5 4 5 for driving the wheels 5 4 0 a via the speed reducer 5 7 0, and the motor generator MG 1 Can be divided into transmission paths.
- Motor generator MG 1 is rotated by the driving force from engine 5 10 transmitted through power split device 5 60 to generate electric power. Electric power generated by motor generator MG 1 is supplied to inverter 5 30 via electric power line 5 52 and used as charging power for battery 5 20 or as driving power for motor generator MG 2. .
- Motor generator MG 2 is rotationally driven by AC power supplied from inverter 5 30 to power line 5 53.
- the driving force generated by motor generator MG 2 is transmitted to drive shaft 5 45 through reduction gear 5 7 0.
- the electromotive force (AC power) generated in motor generator MG 2 is supplied to power line 5 5 3. Is done.
- the battery 5 20 is charged by the inverter 5 30 converting the AC power supplied to the power line 5 53 into DC power and outputting it to the power line 5 51.
- Each of motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 can function as both a generator and an electric motor.
- motor generator MG 1 generally operates as a generator
- motor generator MG 2 mainly operates as an electric motor.
- the HV—ECU 590 controls the overall operation of the equipment / circuit group mounted on the vehicle in order to drive the hybrid drive vehicle 500 according to the driver's instructions.
- the HV—ECU 590 is typically composed of a microcomputer and a memory (RAM, ROM, etc.) for executing a predetermined sequence programmed in advance and a predetermined calculation.
- the drive force generated by the engine 51 and the drive force driven by the motor generator MG 2 using the electric energy from the battery 5 20 as a source drive the vehicle with improved fuel efficiency by combination.
- the hybrid drive vehicle 5 0 0 when starting, at low speeds, or at light loads such as when going down a gentle hill, the hybrid drive vehicle 5 0 0 basically operates the engine to avoid areas where engine efficiency is poor. It travels only with the driving force of motor generator MG2.
- the driving force output from the engine 5 10 is divided into a driving force of the wheel 5 40 a and a driving force for power generation by the motor generator MG 1 by the power split mechanism 5 60.
- the electric power generated by motor generator MG 1 is used to drive motor generator MG 2. Therefore, during normal traveling, the wheels 5 40 0 a are driven by assisting the driving force of the engine 5 10 with the driving force of the motor generator MG 2.
- E C U 5 90 controls the driving force sharing ratio between engine 5 10 and motor generator MG 2.
- the driving power of the wheels 5400a can be further increased by further using the power supplied from the battery 520 for driving the second motor generator MG2.
- motor generator MG 2 acts as a generator that performs regenerative power generation by generating torque in the direction opposite to the rotation of wheel 5 40 a.
- the electric power recovered by regenerative power generation of motor generator MG 2 is used for charging battery 5 2 0 via electric color 5 3 5, inverter 5 3 0, and power line 5 5 1.
- the engine 5 10 is automatically stopped when the vehicle is stopped. In this way, the engine for the required output power of the entire vehicle according to the driving situation
- HV-E C U 59 0 determines the above allocation according to the driving situation, taking into account the efficiency of the engine 51 from the viewpoint of fuel consumption.
- the outputs of the engine 5 1 0 and the motor generator MG 2 are charged so that the battery 5 2 0 is charged and discharged within the range of the input / output possible power W in and W out set by the battery ECU 5 2 5.
- a command or torque command
- the estimation of the internal state of the battery 5 20 is performed, for example, when the hybrid drive vehicle 5 0 is started or when the use is completed.
- the display unit 90 receives the estimation result of the internal state of the secondary battery from HV—ECU and displays it. A display example by the display unit 90 will be specifically described below.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining an example of the display of the estimation result of the internal state of the secondary battery.
- the display unit 90 is a tachometer.
- This tachometer is provided with a needle 91 for indicating the internal state of the secondary battery.
- needle 9 1 moves from “1” to “”, it indicates that the secondary battery is nearing its end of life. That is, needle 9 1 indicates the remaining life of the secondary battery. It may be displayed whether or not the deterioration is progressing more than usual depending on whether the needle 91 moves from the center position to the left or right.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining another example of the display of the estimation result of the internal state of the secondary battery.
- display unit 90 is a meter that displays vehicle speed and warning details.
- lamp 95 is lit to indicate the remaining battery life or deterioration. For example, as the color of lamp 95 changes in the order of “blue”, “yellow”, “red”, this indicates that the remaining life of the secondary battery is decreasing. It is also possible to indicate whether or not the secondary battery has deteriorated more than usual by changing the color of the lamp 95.
- the deterioration state of the secondary battery may be displayed by the lighting color of the lamp when the button switch (for example, the ignition switch) provided with the lamp is turned on. Further, in the case of a vehicle equipped with a touch panel, the driver may operate the touch panel to display a message on the touch panel.
- the button switch for example, the ignition switch
- Fig. 18 and Fig. 19 show examples of display that can be seen by the driver.
- the display method according to the present embodiment may be a voice display method.
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Description
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Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/439,790 US20090276172A1 (en) | 2006-09-04 | 2007-07-26 | Internal state estimating device for secondary battery and method for estimating internal state of secondary battery |
| EP07791802A EP2063280A1 (en) | 2006-09-04 | 2007-07-26 | Secondary battery internal state estimating apparatus and secondary battery internal state estimating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006-239037 | 2006-09-04 | ||
| JP2006239037A JP2008058278A (ja) | 2006-09-04 | 2006-09-04 | 二次電池の内部状態推定装置、二次電池の内部状態推定方法、プログラム、および記録媒体 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2008029572A1 true WO2008029572A1 (fr) | 2008-03-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2007/065122 Ceased WO2008029572A1 (fr) | 2006-09-04 | 2007-07-26 | Appareil et procédé d'estimation de l'état interne d'une batterie secondaire |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090276172A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2063280A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2008058278A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20090057300A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101512365A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2008029572A1 (ja) |
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| US7315789B2 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2008-01-01 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Method and system for battery parameter estimation |
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2006
- 2006-09-04 JP JP2006239037A patent/JP2008058278A/ja active Pending
-
2007
- 2007-07-26 KR KR1020097006872A patent/KR20090057300A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-07-26 CN CNA2007800327609A patent/CN101512365A/zh active Pending
- 2007-07-26 EP EP07791802A patent/EP2063280A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-07-26 US US12/439,790 patent/US20090276172A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-07-26 WO PCT/JP2007/065122 patent/WO2008029572A1/ja not_active Ceased
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| JP2000100478A (ja) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-04-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電池特性の解析方法及びそれを用いた解析装置 |
| JP2000100479A (ja) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-04-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電気化学素子の制御方法 |
| JP2003346919A (ja) | 2002-05-24 | 2003-12-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 蓄電システム |
| JP2004191152A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 二次電池の残寿命推定装置及びその残寿命推定方法 |
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| W. B. GUAND; C. Y. WANG: "ECS Proceedings", vol. 99, 2000, ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY (ECS), article "THERMAL-ELECTROCHEMICAL COUPLED MODELING OF A LITHIUM-ION CELL", pages: 743 - 762 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI686617B (zh) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-03-01 | 龍華科技大學 | 一種最佳化輸出電流值之多階段定電流充電法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008058278A (ja) | 2008-03-13 |
| CN101512365A (zh) | 2009-08-19 |
| US20090276172A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
| KR20090057300A (ko) | 2009-06-04 |
| EP2063280A1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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