WO2008145292A1 - Appareil, dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure de déplacements lents d'une éprouvette - Google Patents

Appareil, dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure de déplacements lents d'une éprouvette Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008145292A1
WO2008145292A1 PCT/EP2008/004069 EP2008004069W WO2008145292A1 WO 2008145292 A1 WO2008145292 A1 WO 2008145292A1 EP 2008004069 W EP2008004069 W EP 2008004069W WO 2008145292 A1 WO2008145292 A1 WO 2008145292A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
strain
sensitive sensor
temperature
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/004069
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adelbert Liebert
Bastian Devrient
Herbert Schendzielorz
Rudolf Löslein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva GmbH
Original Assignee
Areva NP GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Areva NP GmbH filed Critical Areva NP GmbH
Publication of WO2008145292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008145292A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/023—Pressure
    • G01N2203/0232—High pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device and a measuring arrangement for detecting slow-running movements of a sample piece.
  • the invention further relates to a method for measuring slow-running movements of a sample piece.
  • Normalized tensile tests are often performed to test materials and determine material properties.
  • specimens are subjected to defined tensile loads, at the same time the expansion and / or fracture behavior is detected. With these tensile tests, a variety of insights into the strength and ductility characteristics of the material investigated can be obtained.
  • the results of the experiments carried out under standardized conditions are suitable for the definition of characteristic values and for the characterization of the materials. If the material is additionally subject to certain external influences, this may greatly influence the measurement results. Such influences may be, for example, high pressure, high or low temperatures and / or aggresive media to which the material is exposed.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a measuring method and a measuring arrangement for detecting the expansion behavior of a material sample available, with which a particularly reliable estimation of the material behavior is possible when used in the field of nuclear power plants.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the resistance of materials to medium-influenced cracking and subsequent crack propagation by e.g. Media-assisted crack corrosion is an essential prerequisite for the design and implementation of technical applications which have surfaces in contact with the medium.
  • an elevated pressure eg 170 bar
  • a high operating temperature of the cooling medium eg 350 0 C
  • the medium is referred to in the specialist literature as high-temperature water (HTW) or dissolved oxygen in the water as oxygen-containing high-temperature water.
  • HMW high-temperature water
  • This water is an aggressive medium in which many materials fail due to the corrosive damage with superposition of mechanical and corrosive load and only a few materials are suitable for the construction of pressure-enclosing components.
  • the device according to the invention has a measuring bracket with two legs spaced apart from one another for fixing to the sample piece and a strain-sensitive sensor arranged on or assigned to the measuring bracket.
  • the device is particularly suitable for measuring the length or strain of the specimen to which a defined tensile force is applied.
  • the strain was not measured directly on the material sample (in the autoclave) - based on the initial length of the gauge length of the round tensile specimen used - but the strain due to the applied path of the Machine traverse determined with appropriate conversion. Due to a non-ideal and usually different machine rigidity, this leads to falsified measured values, which has an effect in the calculation, for example, of the modulus of elasticity.
  • the invention makes it possible to provide a measurement technique for recording the change in length available, in which the length changes directly on used sample body or on the respective Rundzugprobe under different media influences with high resolution at the corresponding measuring length of the sample body used can be measured.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly suitable as a so-called extensometer, which can deliver reliable measured values even under unfavorable environmental conditions.
  • the device is therefore also suitable, for example, for use in so-called high-temperature water (HTW), so that the measurement technique for recording changes in length directly on the respective round tensile specimen in oxygen-containing high-temperature water with high resolution at the corresponding gauge length of the round tensile specimens used. All disturbances related to the measurement of the change in length by external inductive displacement measurement, e.g. the frictional forces due to the seals of the drawbar with respect to the autoclave, the interior or by the rigidity of the abutment are avoided by the measuring arrangement according to the invention or the extensometer, as is measured directly on the sample.
  • HMW high-temperature water
  • a preferred variant of the invention provides that the strain-sensitive sensor is arranged adhering flat on the measuring bracket. As a result, a robust measuring arrangement is made available in which measured value distortions due to relative movements between the sensor and measuring bracket are almost impossible.
  • the measuring bracket may optionally have a U-shaped, an arcuate, an annular or a C-shaped connecting portion between the legs.
  • the measuring bracket has an extended measuring section which deforms substantially uniformly over the path change of the sample and whose deformation behavior can be measured substantially more precisely by means of the sensor than when the sensor is applied directly to the lateral surface of the sample piece ,
  • the measuring bracket thus provides a path translation, which transmits the very small changes in length of the specimen in precisely measurable changes in shape or changes in radius on the measuring bracket.
  • a sectionally regularly shaped or curved contour ensures the desired linearity of the measured data.
  • a C-shaped connection Section with a circular arc-shaped contour in which the circular arc has a constant radius, particularly good for detecting their deformation behavior, since the arc uniformly opens at a change in length of the specimen between the fixed thereto connecting legs, wherein the connecting portion uniformly deformed.
  • the legs may, for example, have clamping connections for fixing on the sample piece.
  • connection options are conceivable, for example. Screw or adhesive connections o. The like. It is important that the points of contact between the measuring bracket and the sample does not slip, which would make the measurement results unusable.
  • the connection is preferably designed in such a way that no notch effect on the surface of the specimen arises through the attachment of the clamp connections during the experiment.
  • the strain-sensitive sensor may in particular be formed by at least one strain gauge. Alternatively, several strain gauges may be arranged on the measuring bracket, either in parallel or in a bridge circuit. As a result, if necessary, temperature and / or other environmental influences can be taken into account and computationally compensated.
  • the strain gauges can supply measured values of different types, for example capacitive measured values or changes in an ohmic resistance.
  • the strain-sensitive sensor or strain gauges is expediently adhesively bonded to the connecting section of the measuring yoke.
  • the strain-sensitive sensor or the strain gauges may in particular be adhesively bonded to an outer side of the connecting section or the measuring yoke, since at this point the greatest change in the path of the measuring yoke takes place when the sample is stretched.
  • the fixation on the outside of the arc of the connecting portion is best suited for detecting highest possible measured values.
  • the strain-sensitive sensor or strain gauges against pressure, Temperature and / or media influence to be encapsulated As a result, the device which is resistant to corrosive phenomena is suitable for use in oxygen-containing high-temperature water, wherein the pressure values which occur can be, for example, between about 1 to 170 bar or more.
  • the temperature range may, for example, between about 25 0 C to about 350 0 C or more.
  • the oxygen content of the water or of the liquid or gaseous medium can be, for example, between 0 and 8 ppm of dissolved oxygen.
  • the electrical connection line of the strain-sensitive sensor or of the strain gauge can, for example, have a largely rigid enclosure and at least one electrical supply embedded therein in ceramic material.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that at least the connecting portion of the measuring bracket is formed of a resilient material.
  • the measuring bracket or its connecting portion may in particular be formed from a high-temperature, pressure and / or media-resistant material.
  • a material is, for example, a suitable nickel-based material or a stainless steel that is not attacked or damaged even by the aggressive high-temperature water, for example. By stress corrosion cracking.
  • a suitable stainless steel such as Inconel 600® (registered trademark of the Special Metals Group of Companies) may be used as the material for the measuring bracket and the connecting section, a nickel-chromium alloy with good resistance to oxidation and corrosion at high temperatures.
  • the fields of application of such a material include components of furnaces, the chemical industry, the food processing industry and the nuclear industry.
  • the measuring bracket thus has sufficient resistance when used in oxygen-containing high-temperature water. In addition, it is not damaged by media-based Risskorrosionss bine at small strains in the elastic range.
  • the invention further comprises a measuring arrangement for detecting slow-moving movements or changes in length of a sample piece exposed to a defined tensile force or change in length.
  • the measuring arrangement comprises a sample piece or a sample body and a measuring device fixed thereto in accordance with one of the previously described embodiments.
  • the measuring arrangement can in particular be coupled to a data acquisition and / or data evaluation system.
  • This data acquisition and / or data evaluation system can in turn be coupled to a storage, display and / or printing device, so that visualization and / or recording with further analysis of the acquired measured values is possible.
  • the invention comprises a method for measuring slow-moving movements or changes in length of a sample piece, in particular by applying a tensile force acting on the sample piece, in which the changes in length of the sample piece are detected by means of a measuring bracket fixed thereto and with at least one strain-sensitive sensor arranged on the measuring bracket be set, which are in terms of pressure, temperature and chemical composition of the surrounding medium conditions substantially similar to those in the coolant circuit of an operating boiling water reactor plant or a pressurized water reactor plant.
  • the material trials take place under simulated environmental conditions of a boiling water reactor or pressurized water reactor in an autoclave of a corresponding simulation environment or according to the in-situ principle even locally in a boiling or pressurized water reactor itself.
  • the inventive method can be carried out in particular with a device and / or with a measuring arrangement according to one of the previously described embodiments. The method makes it possible to perform changes in length of specimens in aggressive media such as. In high-temperature water with high resolution. Disturbance variables, which falsify the measured value recording, can be largely filtered out or excluded.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the measuring principle of a measuring arrangement according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation to illustrate the principle of operation of the measuring arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the measuring principle of a measuring arrangement 10 according to the invention, which essentially comprises a measuring device 12 in the form of a so-called extensometer 14 (see FIG. 2) as well as a sample piece or a sample body 16 on the / the extensometer 14 is fixed.
  • a downstream evaluation unit 18 the measured values of the extensometer 14 can be detected, processed and, if appropriate, delivered to a downstream visualization and / or storage unit designated generally by the reference numeral 20.
  • the reference numeral 20 may also indicate a printed or screen-displayed stress-strain diagram or other suitable graphical representation of the measured values.
  • the evaluation unit 18 can furthermore detect and process the mechanical load 22 applied to the sample body 16 and / or the environmental parameters 24, which respectively influence the measurement.
  • the mechanical load 22 is typically a tensile load acting on the elongated specimen 16 from both end faces.
  • a pressure vessel 25 also referred to as an autoclave, in which the extensometer 14 together with the material sample is arranged.
  • the evaluation unit 18 as well as the visualization and / or storage unit 20 connected downstream on the data side are expediently arranged outside the pressure vessel 25.
  • a connection line 42 which is encapsulated at least in the interior of the pressure vessel 25, is guided in the wall of the pressure vessel 25 by a pressure-resistant cable feedthrough.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the functional principle of the measuring arrangement 10 according to the invention, which in turn comprises a measuring device 12 in the form of the extensometer 14 and the elongate, rod-shaped sample body 16 to which the extensometer 14 is fixed.
  • the extensometer 14 and the measuring device 12 form a so-called measuring bracket 26.
  • This measuring bracket 26 comprises two spaced-apart legs 28, which are fastened in each case by means of fastening elements 30, for example.
  • fastening elements 30 In the form of clamping connections 32 on the sample body 16.
  • the lower clamp connection of the lower fastener 30 is i.d.R.
  • the legs 28 are fixed to the sample body 16 so that no negative notch effects are formed, which could reduce the strength of the sample body 16 in the tensile test or its resistance to crack initiation.
  • each L-shaped legs 28 open into short parallel portions 34, to which a closed, annular, elastic connecting portion 36 connects, on the outside of a strain sensor 38 in the form of a high temperature water resistant, encapsulated strain gauge 40 (so-called . DMS) is fixed with its entire surface resting.
  • the strain gauge 40 may, for example, be glued or welded onto the connecting section 36 in order to transmit the spring movements to the strain gauges 40.
  • the strain gauge 40 may additionally be embedded in a densified oxide ceramic powder, thereby improving the transmission of the signal from the connection portion 36 to the strip 40. As a result, losses are reduced by relative movements of the DehnmessstAINs 40 to a minimum.
  • an electrical connection line 42 of the strain-sensitive sensor 38 or the strain gauge 40 which is encapsulated against pressure, temperature and / or media influence.
  • the electrical connection line 42 establishes a connection to the evaluation unit 18 (see FIG.
  • the measuring bracket 26 and the connecting portion 36 is, for example, a suitable stainless steel in question, whereby the measuring bracket 26 is given a sufficient resistance in its intended use in oxygen-containing high-temperature water.
  • a stainless steel for the measuring bracket is, for example, a nickel-chromium alloy with good resistance to oxidation and corrosion at high temperatures. The fields of application of such a material include components for the nuclear industry.
  • the measuring bracket can thus have sufficient resistance in its intended use in oxygen-containing high-temperature water. In addition, it is not damaged by stress corrosion effects at small strains in the elastic range.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de détection de déplacements lents ou de variations lentes de longueur d'une éprouvette (16), en particulier sous application d'une force de traction agissant sur l'éprouvette (16), comprenant un étrier de mesure (26) comportant deux branches (28) à distances entre elles, pour la fixation sur l'éprouvette (16), et un détecteur sensible à la dilatation (38), disposé sur l'étrier de mesure (26). L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de mesure de déplacements lents ou de variations lentes de longueur d'une éprouvette (16), en particulier sous application d'une force de traction agissant sur l'éprouvette (16), procédé consistant à détecter les variations de longueur de l'éprouvette (16) au moyen d'un étrier de mesure (26) fixé sur celle-ci, et d'au moins un détecteur sensible à la dilatation (38), disposé sur l'étrier de mesure (26).
PCT/EP2008/004069 2007-05-25 2008-05-21 Appareil, dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure de déplacements lents d'une éprouvette Ceased WO2008145292A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710024694 DE102007024694A1 (de) 2007-05-25 2007-05-25 Vorrichtung, Messanordnung und Verfahren zur Messung von langsam ablaufenden Bewegungen eines Probenstücks
DE102007024694.5 2007-05-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008145292A1 true WO2008145292A1 (fr) 2008-12-04

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PCT/EP2008/004069 Ceased WO2008145292A1 (fr) 2007-05-25 2008-05-21 Appareil, dispositif de mesure et procédé de mesure de déplacements lents d'une éprouvette

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DE (1) DE102007024694A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008145292A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114360754A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-15 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 一种压力容器支承调整垫板摩擦力测量方法
CN120948201A (zh) * 2025-08-28 2025-11-14 湖北高通电子科技有限公司 一种用于生产扬声器塑料支架的质量检测设备

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007051519B4 (de) * 2007-10-19 2013-04-11 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung von Werkstoffkenngrößen an Messobjekten während der Behandlung in Druckbehältern
CN112880549A (zh) * 2021-03-22 2021-06-01 安徽理工大学 一种轴向径向一体化三轴引伸计
CN118149681B (zh) * 2024-03-07 2024-10-11 深圳大学 一种适用于高温液体介质中测变形的机械引伸计
CN118464699B (zh) * 2024-06-21 2024-11-22 苏州中正工程检测有限公司 一种门窗附框高低温反复尺寸变化率试验箱

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2816444A1 (de) * 1978-04-15 1979-10-25 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Dehnungsaufnehmer fuer die werkstoffpruefung
JPS5821540A (ja) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-08 Shimadzu Corp 試験片変形量測定装置
CA1188130A (fr) * 1983-03-07 1985-06-04 John M. Nielsen Dispositif hermetiquement scelle pour la mesure des contraintes a temperature elevee
DE4338005A1 (de) * 1993-11-07 1995-05-11 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Extensometer und Lagerung für ein Extensometer
DE19744104A1 (de) * 1997-10-06 1999-06-10 Junghans Eva Dipl Ing Vorrichtung zur Erfassung einer Dehnung insbesondere kleiner Proben
JP2001241912A (ja) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 歪みゲージ取付方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005036927A1 (de) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-08 Technische Universität Darmstadt Vorrichtung zur Messung der geometrischen Veränderung eines Objektes, Zugprüfmaschine und Verwendung der Vorrichtung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2816444A1 (de) * 1978-04-15 1979-10-25 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Dehnungsaufnehmer fuer die werkstoffpruefung
JPS5821540A (ja) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-08 Shimadzu Corp 試験片変形量測定装置
CA1188130A (fr) * 1983-03-07 1985-06-04 John M. Nielsen Dispositif hermetiquement scelle pour la mesure des contraintes a temperature elevee
DE4338005A1 (de) * 1993-11-07 1995-05-11 Deutsche Forsch Luft Raumfahrt Extensometer und Lagerung für ein Extensometer
DE19744104A1 (de) * 1997-10-06 1999-06-10 Junghans Eva Dipl Ing Vorrichtung zur Erfassung einer Dehnung insbesondere kleiner Proben
JP2001241912A (ja) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 歪みゲージ取付方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114360754A (zh) * 2021-12-07 2022-04-15 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 一种压力容器支承调整垫板摩擦力测量方法
CN120948201A (zh) * 2025-08-28 2025-11-14 湖北高通电子科技有限公司 一种用于生产扬声器塑料支架的质量检测设备

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