Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
  • F24H1/225—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating electrical central heating boilers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
  • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
  • F22B1/282—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water or steam circulating in tubes or ducts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B27/00—Instantaneous or flash steam boilers
  • F22B27/04—Instantaneous or flash steam boilers built-up from water tubes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B3/00—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • F22B3/04—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure-reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
  • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
  • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
  • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
  • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a power system and can be used to generate hot steam for industrial and individual needs, including for the formation of heating systems.
• the disadvantage of this method is the lack of efficiency of the evaporation process and the complexity of industrial applications.
• a known method of generating steam (Patent RU 2293913, class F 22 1/30, publ. 02.20.2007), in which the boiler is filled with water to the required level and produce an electrical effect on the water through electrodes placed in water.
• the electrical effect on water is carried out by high voltage pulses, and the water jets formed during electrical exposure converted into a dispersed structure by passing water jets through a divider, which is a system that prevents the free passage of water jets.
• the method also has insufficiently high heat transfer efficiency from the heater to the heat transfer medium.
• a known method of generating steam described in SU 419687, CL. F 22 V 3/04, publ. 03/15/1974.
• a working medium heated to a temperature below its saturation temperature at a given pressure is fed through a tangential channel into the inlet chamber, where the medium is twisted. At the initial moment, the medium velocity increases, and the pressure decreases. When the medium moves to the septum, the swirl radius decreases, the medium pressure becomes equal to the saturation pressure at a given temperature. Steam bubbles, under the action of Archimedean forces, are collected in the center and diverted to the consumer.
• the disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of heat transfer from the heater to the coolant.
• Known contact water heater SU 663982 class. F 22 H 1/10, publ. 05/25/1979, comprising a housing with a central firebox enclosed in a water jacket and an annular contact chamber located at the periphery.
• the disadvantage of a water heater is the uneven distribution of the gases leaving the contact chamber and the low efficiency of the installation.
• This device also has an inefficient transfer from the heater to the coolant.
• a method of heating a liquid coolant is to supply a liquid coolant to a heating zone in a housing of a heating installation from a source heat, heating the coolant and removing the heated coolant from the heating zone, while the liquid coolant is fed from above into the heating zone to the rotating shell to form a thin-film fluid layer of the coolant, the heated coolant is removed from the bottom of the rotating shell, and forced flow around the shell of the heating plant with hot products from a heat source from the side of the inner and outer surfaces of the shell with the suction of combustion products from the housing of the heating installation.
• the disadvantage of this method and device is the insufficiently high efficiency of heat transfer from the heater to the coolant.
• a method for heating a liquid coolant includes supplying a liquid coolant to a heating zone in a housing of a heating installation from a heat source, heating a coolant and removing a heated coolant from a heating zone.
• the liquid coolant is supplied to the heating zone by twisting it around the cylindrical surface of the heater with the formation of an axisymmetric swirling flow, the path of each coolant particle being tangent to the surface of the heater, the heater has a temperature exceeding the critical temperature of the coolant.
• the heating medium in accordance with the claimed invention occurs due to a double phase transition: a double phase transition is the first transition from liquid to steam and the second transition from steam back to liquid, that is, evaporation and condensation in one free run of a heated liquid molecule (particle).
• a double phase transition is the first transition from liquid to steam and the second transition from steam back to liquid, that is, evaporation and condensation in one free run of a heated liquid molecule (particle).
• it is supplied from the bottom of the heating unit by at least two nozzles tangentially located and forming a “pair of forces.”
• electric heat and natural gas combustion are used as a heat source.
• the expression is observed: (m t T t ) / sec ⁇ (m n T n ) / sec, where m t is the mass of the coolant;
• T t - heat carrier temperature T t - heat carrier temperature
• m n the mass of the heater
• T n is the temperature of the heater.
• the heating installation includes a heater with a heat source, a heat exchanger with pipes for supplying cold coolant and the outlet of hot coolant.
• a heater with a cylindrical surface is installed coaxially in a heat exchanger having a cylindrical body; at least two nozzles tangentially located to form an axisymmetric swirling flow, and at the top of the cylindrical casing a hot coolant outlet is arranged.
• the heating installation preferably comprises an expansion tank, piping piping and a heat sink.
• At least two nozzles are installed at the top of the cylindrical body for the exit of the hot fluid.
• the surface of the heater has a temperature above the critical temperature of the coolant.
• the surface of a heater having a temperature exceeding the critical temperature of the coolant (water) is instantly surrounded by a layer of steam (steam jacket) and heat transfer is significantly slowed down.
• the heating installation has an increased efficiency of heat transfer from the heater to the coolant due to the double phase transition: water-steam-water (specific heat of water: 4.19 J / g * K at 20 0 C, specific heat of vaporization of 2255 J / g).
• FIG. 1 shows a general view of a heating installation; FIG. 2 - section along AA.
• the heating installation consists of a heat exchanger with a cylindrical body 1, tangentially located nozzles for supplying a coolant 2, and nozzles for leaving a coolant 3.
• a heater 4 with a cylindrical surface is coaxially mounted.
• the heating installation contains an expansion tank 5, piping pipes and heat receivers 6.
• the device can be equipped with an electric power panel and an automatic control system 7.
• the temperature of the heater 4 is controlled by thermocouples 8 installed in the heater 4. Inside the heater 4 there is a heat source from electric heating ( resistance spiral 9).
• heater 4 When the system is filled with coolant, heater 4 is heated above the critical temperature.
• the heated fluid due to its physical properties, rises into the expansion tank 5, and the cold coolant is supplied to the heating zone due to the continuity of the flow by the formation of an axisymmetric swirling flow, and the path of each particle (molecule) of the coolant is tangent to the surface of the heater 4, the heater 4 has a temperature exceeding the critical temperature of the coolant.
• the axisymmetric swirl flow occurs due to the fact that the cold coolant is supplied through at least two tangential nozzles, due to which the coolant swirls in the device body. Depending on the power of the installation of the tangential cold water supply pipes, a larger one or a guide vane can be made.
• any known apparatus for swirling a heat carrier can be used.
• the coolant heats up sharply, touching the surface of the heater, evaporates and, having entered the swirling flow of coolant, condenses in it, giving it the energy of vapor condensation.
• the coolant heats up rises up.
• the exit of the hot fluid occurs through the outlet pipes 3, so as not to disturb the coaxially organized, swirling flow of the coolant relative to the heater 4.
• the heat source for the heater 4 can be used any of the known and used for these purposes. The heating installation works as follows:
• the coolant (water) is poured into the heat exchanger 1 through an expansion tank 5 or a special supply line (not shown in Fig. 1).
• the density of the heated coolant decreases.
• the coolant in the form of a cylinder H around the heater 4 comes into rotational motion on the condition of continuity of the flow, freeing up space for cold water to flow through the tangential nozzles of the supply 2.
• the heated coolant flows through the nozzles of the outlet 3 to the receiver 6.
• the coolant flow is cooled and returns to the input coolant supply pipes 2 of the device.
• FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 A better embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. To tighten the coolant, it is brought down from the bottom of the heating unit through two pipes 2, which are tangentially located and form a “pair of forces.” As a source of heat, electric heating is used.
• the device contains an automatic control system 7.
• T t - heat carrier temperature m n is the mass of the heater; T n is the temperature of the heater.
• the invention relates to the field of power engineering and can be used mainly in heating systems for various liquids, in particular, in a water heating system.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=40229299

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2007
  • 2007-07-09 RU RU2007125918/06A patent/RU2353861C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2008
  • 2008-06-18 AU AU2008273062A patent/AU2008273062A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-06-18 EA EA201000135A patent/EA016933B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2008-06-18 CN CN200880106223A patent/CN101842642A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-06-18 US US12/668,042 patent/US20110059411A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-06-18 EP EP08779204A patent/EP2211121A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-06-18 WO PCT/RU2008/000379 patent/WO2009008768A2/ru not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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