WO2009048679A2 - Matériau anti-balistique en plastique gainé garantissant une protection contre des menaces multiples - Google Patents

Matériau anti-balistique en plastique gainé garantissant une protection contre des menaces multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009048679A2
WO2009048679A2 PCT/US2008/072132 US2008072132W WO2009048679A2 WO 2009048679 A2 WO2009048679 A2 WO 2009048679A2 US 2008072132 W US2008072132 W US 2008072132W WO 2009048679 A2 WO2009048679 A2 WO 2009048679A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ballistic
materials
plastic
threat
skins
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/072132
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English (en)
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WO2009048679A3 (fr
Inventor
Joseph M. Ermalovich
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US12/672,040 priority Critical patent/US20110041675A1/en
Publication of WO2009048679A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009048679A2/fr
Publication of WO2009048679A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009048679A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
    • F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an encased anti-ballistic material panel and/or component, and more particularly relates to a securement and encasement method and material for enclosing an anti-ballistic material to hold it in place.
  • Anti-ballistic materials have been known in the art for a long time, although there has always been a difficulty with placing the anti-ballistic material into position as to be most effective.
  • Kevlar® vests are usually sufficient to defeat ballistic pistol rounds.
  • One method of measuring the ability of a bulletproof vest to defeat these rounds has been established by the United States of America National Institute of Justice (NIJ).
  • the NIJ Standard 0101.04 for Threat Level Il involves testing body armor against 9 mm, 124 grain full metal jacket projectiles at 1205 feet per second, as well as against 0.357 Magnum, 158 grain semi jacketed hollow point projectile at 1430 feet per second.
  • the NIJ Standard 1001.04 for Threat Level NIA involves testing body armor against 9 mm SMG (sub- machine gun), 124 grain full metal jacket projectiles at 1430 feet per second (fps) and .44 Magnum, 240 grain jacketed hollow point projectiles at 1430 fps.
  • the highest level of protection standard the United States of America National Institute of Justice has issued for pistol rounds is the Level Nl-A Threat.
  • the Level Nl-A threat is designed to simulate high velocity pistol rounds traveling at least 1 ,400 feet per second when they impact.
  • the NIJ Nl-A Level Threat is part of the National Institute of Justice Standard 0101 .04.
  • Another part of the NIJ Standard 0101.04 is a standard for backface deformation allowed by the vest. As part of this backface deformation standard, a vest, even when it stopped a ballistic projectile completely, is allowed to deform towards the body no more than 44 millimeters (mm), or 1.73 inches (in) as measured into a standard clay material.
  • the damage done by ricochet fragmentation can be modeled using a bullet type sabot fragment simulator, such as a right round circular penetrator with blunt ends about 0.217 inches in diameter and 0.220 inches in length.
  • a bullet type sabot fragment simulator such as a right round circular penetrator with blunt ends about 0.217 inches in diameter and 0.220 inches in length.
  • Another simulator for fragmentation protection is defined by United States of America Military Standard (Mil Std) 662E.
  • Military Standard 662E calls out a 16 grain chisel point, right round circular penetrator that impacts the vest at a velocity of at least 650 meters per second (mps) (2132 feet per second).
  • Military pistol ballistic projectiles usually include a military 9 mm ball round. Fragmentation or shrapnel projectiles are typically generated by the destruction of a casing of an explosive round.
  • the explosive round can be either artillery, mortar or grenade.
  • Kevlar and other aramid fabrics have high resistance to penetration by ballistic projectiles. This resistance to penetration comes from a combination of the fiber tensile strength, elongation of yield, selected pick count, and high heat resistance of the aramid fabric.
  • High tensile strength fibers in an aramid fabric with a high elongation of yield have an ability to deform and slow down a ballistic projectile.
  • a ballistic fiber with a higher elongation to failure will tend to hang on to the projectile as the fibers of the material stretch. The stretching of the material allows additional time for the fabric to hang on to the projectile deforming the projectile and slowing it down as fibers elongate, before yielding to penetration.
  • Deforming the ballistic projectile causes the front end of the projectile to expand radially normal to the direction of its flight in a manner that can be described as mushrooming. This action is described as mushrooming because the stopped bullet, when removed from the vest, tends to look like a mushroom. Causing the leading surface of a projectile to expand is advantageous, because an expanded leading edge has greater surface area in contact with the vest material.
  • a ballistic resistant vest material is better able to stop a projectile with a larger surface area in contact with the vest, because that allows more threads of the fabric to engage the projectile adding their tensile strength to the stopping power of the fabric.
  • Pick count is a measure of the number of threads of fiber in a given area of fabric. The greater the pick count the greater the number of threads in a given area the fabric has. Each thread in the shadow of the projectile impact absorbs energy from the projectile when it yields. Thus a fabric with a high pick count may have a greater resistance to penetration than a fabric with an identical thread but a lower pick count.
  • Aramid fabrics have a high resistance to heat. Ballistic events, where a projectile is deformed and stopped, generate a significant amount of heat. Aramid fabrics retain their structural integrity in high temperature episodes better than other fabrics. This high resistance to heat allows aramid fabrics to retain their high tensile strength and elongation of yield during ballistic events. In addition, the heat generated at impact helps to soften the projectile and adds to the deformation of the projectile caused by impact with the fabric.
  • Polyethylene fabric is traditionally made by combining fibers and sheets of polyethylene.
  • the fibers are coated in a resin and a unidirectional layer of fibers is cross laid with another unidirectional layer of fibers at 90° to each other.
  • the fibers are then sandwiched between two polyethylene sheets to form a fabric.
  • the polyethylene fabric has an enhanced ability over aramid fabric for absorbing the energy of a projectile, and by absorbing this energy, reduces the backface deformation generated by a stopped projectile.
  • Backface deformation is a measure of how deep a projectile penetrates into the vest wearer's body. Even though the vest does not completely fail, the projectile penetrates before it is stopped. In order to meet National Institute of Justice Standard 0101.04, for backface deformation, the deformation can be no greater than 44 mm, or 1.73 inches into a standard clay modeling material.
  • the present invention discloses a new material of a plastic encased anti-ballistic material, one which may be tailored for multi-threat protection. Also disclosed is a method for forming such a new material or article by describing a method of forming plastic particulates into a multiple skin configuration, usually two skins, which may also have contained therebetween either an expandable plastic material, along with the anti-ballistic material reinforcement for strengthening the plastic article, other filler materials, or combinations thereof.
  • the present invention also discloses the use of multiple layers of various types of anti-ballistic materials to combat any type of ballistic threat which may happen, as well as other embedded articles to be placed between the two skins, whether they are completely embedded into the article, or whether portions of them are allowed to extend therethrough outside the molded article, i.e. for purposes such as securements, or vehicle mounting brackets, electrical wires, and the like.
  • the present invention holds desirable anti-ballistic materials in position for several reasons: 1 . In order to hold the anti-ballistic material in place while protecting it from the outer elements; 2. To allow for multi-layers of various anti-ballistic materials to help with multi-threat situations; and 3. to be able to incorporate such materials into body or vehicle components such as the underbelly of a helicopter, the underpanel and side door panels of Humvees or Strykers or the sides of a boat for naval operations. In addition, our tests show that the anti-ballistic woven materials tend not to fray when they are held in place, or foamed in place between skins that absorb the bullet and do not allow backfire deformation.
  • any appropriate material may be utilized for the plastic encasing of the outer skins or foamed materials for encapsulating the anti-ballistic materials, including polypropylene, polyurethane, and/or other thermoplastic or "thermoset" resins.
  • These materials are expected to bond nicely with foamed plastic or foamed alumina, silicon carbide or silicon nitride due to the open-celled foam concept that may be desirable for various aspects of this invention.
  • Foamed ceramics and metals are known in the art, and may be used in an advantage for certain applications.
  • KevlarTM KM2 600 denier fabrics or DyneemaTM SB31 fabrics.
  • KevlarTM KM2 600 denier fabrics or DyneemaTM SB31 fabrics.
  • Fig 1 is a perspective cutaway view of a panel made in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig 2 is a side elevational view of a cutaway section of the panel of Fig 1 ;
  • Fig 3 is a side elevational view of a cutaway version of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig 4 is a side elevational view of yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Anti-ballistic material 14 may be selected from the group consisting of aramid fibers, Kevlar, Dyneema, para aramids such as PBO, ZylonTM, various denier KevlarTM KM2 materials such as 500 or 400 denier material, KevlarTM 129 500 or KMz 600, and 400 denier material, SpectraTM polyethylene fabrics, and DyneemaTM polyethylene fabrics such as their SB31 , bullet-proof steel, bainite steel, boron carbide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, alumina, or any other carbide, nitride, oxide or any other suitable ceramic material, or any version of any of these ceramics or metals.
  • Encasement material 12 may be of any suitable material, one that will hold the anti-ballistic material in place and in position.
  • One aspect of the invention discloses a total encasement, where the outer covering 12 may be sprayed on, dipped, plasma sprayed, powder melted, powdercoated, hard-face laminated by heat pressing, powder pressing, heat-curing foam, heat-curing gel, heat-curing aerogel, liquid and light cured gels.
  • a composite configuration generally denoted by the numeral 20, in which an outer skin 22 surrounds a foamed material 30 which encapsulates various anti-ballistic materials, 24, 26 and 28, respectively, in between another foamed layer 32 followed by a hard outer coating 34.
  • the three anti-ballistic materials 24, 26 and 28 may be all the same material, such as for example three layers of multiple Kevlar or Dyneema panels, or they may be any combination of the materials listed hereinabove in the previous paragraphs.
  • Outer coverings 22 and 34 may be the same materials or they may be different materials.
  • Fig. 3 there is a new anti-ballistic composite disclosed and shown which is generally denoted by the numeral 40, showing a multi-layer structure including a first and second anti-ballistic material 46 and 48, respectively adhered to a foamed material 44 and having a gel 42 on the opposite side.
  • any number of anti-ballistic materials can be stacked and/or laminated, and/or glued together to form as the center of the composite structure.
  • a multi-layer composite structure generally denoted by the numeral 50 includes a ceramic anti-ballistic material 52 sandwiched between two foamed areas 54 and sealed by first and second outer coatings 56 and 58, respectively.
  • one of the best modes of the present invention and process can be most basically described as the use of a set of molds which is heated and contacted with at least a polyolefinic plastic particulate material.
  • a set of molds which is heated and contacted with at least a polyolefinic plastic particulate material.
  • Such a method and materials are described in United States Patent Application Serial Number 10/239,039 having a priority date of 05
  • the polyolefin material may be in the form of powder, pellets, resin, shavings, or whatever.
  • the step of contacting accomplishes the melting of the plastic particles into a formed article against the shape of the heated mold.
  • the mold will be most advantageously shaped to yield a structural component for military or police vehicles, boats, fixtures, personal armor vests, and the like.
  • a sandwich-type of composite material can be made by making both male and female mold portions, forming "skins" on each of the molds, and placing materials in between the two skins in a clamshell-type configuration with a filler or foaming plastic in between.
  • the expandable foam is activated by the residual heat from the molds.
  • the thickness of the outer skin of the article is determined by the length of time the heated mold comes into contact with the plastic.
  • a heated mold elevated to a temperature of from approximately 100O to 865O can be placed in contact with a powdered polyethylene material and will achieve a plastic skin thickness of approximately
  • the plastic formed on the mold of a thickness from about 1 mm thick to about 10mm thick, requiring a contact dwell time of between about 1 minute and 10 minutes. If other polyolefin materials are utilized, such as plastic pellets, which are much less expensive than ground plastic powder, the contact time must be adjusted accordingly. Specific times will be described hereinbelow with regards to specific applications and specific materials.
  • the outer skin of the article may be sprayed thereon to a desired thickness prior to the embedding of the anti-ballistic material between the two outer skins.
  • a expandable material may be inserted into the mold and heated to expand the expandable material to encase the anti-ballistic material between the two outer skins, as well as holding the anti-ballistic material securely in place within the foamed up expandable material.
  • a sandwich-type of composite material can be made by making both male and female mold portions, forming "skins" on each of the molds, and placing materials in between the two skins in a clamshell-type configuration with a filler or foaming plastic in between.
  • the expandable foam is activated by the residual heat from the molds.
  • the anti-ballistic materials that would be selected for encasement in accordance with the present invention would be determined by the application that it was intended to be used for.
  • the personal body armor that might be produced could be used for police and military, as there may be less armor piercing bullets used, while an armorment for a vehicle may want to use Dyneema and anti-cannon anti-ballistic materials such as bainite steel or titanium to resist IED blasts and land mines.
  • the foamed materials described hereinabove may be used as backface signature deformation and suppression materials in order to prevent and/or inhibit ricochet effects after a ballistic projectile has hit the anti- ballistic multi-layer unit. Therefore, a multi-threat panel or unit can be designed by incorporating into the sandwich concept of various materials, such as layering of a boron carbide panel over Dyneema panels which could be also utilized next to a bainite steel.
  • the present invention holds desirable anti-ballistic materials in position for several reasons: 1. In order to hold the anti-ballistic material in place while protecting it from the outer elements; 2. To allow for multi-layers of various anti-ballistic materials to help with multi-threat situations; and 3. to be able to incorporate such materials into body or vehicle components such as the underbelly of a helicopter, the underpanel and side door panels of Humvees or Strykers or the sides of a boat for naval operations. In addition, our tests show that the anti-ballistic woven materials tend not to fray when they are held in place, or foamed in place between skins that absorb the bullet and do not allow backfire deformation.
  • any appropriate material may be utilized for the outer covering or foamed materials for encapsulating the anti-ballistic materials, including polypropylene, polyurethane, and/or other thermoplastic or "thermoset" resins.
  • These materials are expected to bond nicely with foamed plastic or foamed alumina, silicon carbide or silicon nitride due to the open-celled foam concept that may be desirable for various aspects of this invention.
  • Foamed ceramics and metals are known in the art, and may be used in an advantage for certain applications.
  • magnesium and aluminum can be foamed and used as the outer layer as is shown in Fig. 3.
  • those materials may also be mixed with a polyurethane powder in combination with a blowing agent and the foaming action of the blowing agent with the polyurethane can infiltrate and encapsulate a foamed metal, such as the foamed aluminum, in order to add rigidity to a component while also adding anti- ballistic qualities.
  • the outer coating may also be a shrinkwrapped plastic or an enclosing membrane plastic, or even vacuum formed materials if the foamed metal or foamed plastic sections such as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are porous.
  • the exterior coatings may be heat shrinked thereon, or sprayed, plasmasized, melted, dipped, or any other method for applying a carbonaceous material or other gas, liquid or solid in order to form a hard shell on the outside after it has been dried, cured or whatever else in order to make it hard.
  • a method for forming plastic into either a multiple skin configuration usually two skins, which may also have contained therebetween either an expandable plastic material, along with the anti-ballistic material reinforcement for strengthening the plastic article, other filler materials, or combinations thereof.
  • the present invention also discloses the use of many embedded articles to be placed between the two skins, whether they are completely embedded into the article, or whether portions of them are allowed to extend therethrough outside the molded article, i.e. for purposes such as securements, or vehicle mounting brackets, electrical wires, and the like.
  • a double-skinned article can be manufactured using complementary male and female complementary molds above, with the introduction of a plastic filler material onto one of the molds prior to holding the molds together, such that there is a "sandwich" which is formed from these plastic composites.
  • the double- skinned embodiment may also further comprise an expandable plastic filler material which will give a double-skinned plastic article with an anti-ballistic material incorporated into the expanded plastic filler material therebetween.
  • a predetermined thickness for the expandable plastic is created by holding the male and female molds at a predetermined distance apart.
  • multiple types of anti-ballistic materials can be embedded into the plastic filler material or into the expandable plastic filler material such that, during manufacture, when the expandable material is heated and expanded up around the anti-ballistic material being encapsulated by the expanding foam material in between the two outer layers, the anti-ballistic material reinforcement is embedded into and surrounded by the expandable plastic filler material.
  • an additional advantage arises because, when using a plastic exterior covering, the plastic melts when the bullet goes through and then re-melts when the energy has been absorbed from the force of the bullet, thereby encasing the bullet and eliminating any ricochet. As other materials are used in the outer covering, more experiments will need to be done to establish this ricochet effect.
  • the present invention finds industrial applicability in anti-ballistic materials and military applications to save the lives of soldiers and reduce the expense of military equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nouveau matériau anti-balistique en plastique gainé pouvant être personnalisé pour garantir une protection contre des menaces multiples. L'invention concerne également un procédé de formation dudit nouveau matériau ou article anti-balistique par formation de particules plastiques formées de multiples couches, en général deux couches, pouvant également contenir entre celles-ci soit un matériau plastique expansible, associé au renfort du matériau anti-balistique pour renforcer l'article plastique, soit d'autres matériaux de charge, soit des combinaisons de ceux-ci. En plus des matériaux pouvant être incorporés dans les couches intermédiaires situées entre deux couches, la présente invention propose également l'utilisation de multiples couches de divers types de matériaux anti-balistiques pour combattre tout type de menace balistique pouvant se produire.
PCT/US2008/072132 2007-08-03 2008-08-04 Matériau anti-balistique en plastique gainé garantissant une protection contre des menaces multiples Ceased WO2009048679A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/672,040 US20110041675A1 (en) 2007-08-03 2008-08-04 Plastic encased multi-threat anti-ballistic material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US95391407P 2007-08-03 2007-08-03
US60/953,914 2007-08-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009048679A2 true WO2009048679A2 (fr) 2009-04-16
WO2009048679A3 WO2009048679A3 (fr) 2009-10-29

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US (1) US20110041675A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009048679A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011038819A1 (fr) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Module de protection balistique
WO2011054467A1 (fr) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Établi de sécurité
CN107990782A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-05-04 航宇救生装备有限公司 一种防护服横截面立体结构

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IL196310A0 (en) * 2008-12-31 2009-11-18 Moshe Ravid Armor module
US9140524B2 (en) * 2010-02-10 2015-09-22 International Composites Technologies, Inc. Multi-layered ballistics armor
GB2496679B (en) 2011-11-17 2016-05-25 Bae Systems Plc Fibrous armour material
GB2496680B (en) * 2011-11-17 2015-07-08 Bae Systems Plc Protective material arrangement
GB2496678B (en) * 2011-11-17 2015-07-15 Bae Systems Plc Protective material
US9291433B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-03-22 Cryovac, Inc. Ballistic-resistant composite assembly
US10414921B1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2019-09-17 Virfex, LLC Polyurethane foam based ballistic armor
US10138373B2 (en) 2013-09-04 2018-11-27 Virfex, LLC Flexible polyurethane and polyurethane/polyorganosiloxane foam materials that absorb impact energy
CN104154822A (zh) * 2014-08-08 2014-11-19 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 一种便携式防弹模块
EP3359905A4 (fr) * 2015-10-09 2019-11-06 Shieldpro, LLC Panneaux anti-balistiques et leurs applications
US20190025015A1 (en) * 2017-01-13 2019-01-24 Central Lake Armor Express, Inc. Foam encapsulated ballistic plate
CN109506519B (zh) * 2018-12-17 2023-09-22 中国人民解放军61489部队 一种电流变液填充泡沫铝防弹板
WO2021167933A1 (fr) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 Zephyros, Inc. Inserts ayant une couche de protection balistique
CN114603862B (zh) * 2022-02-16 2024-03-26 上海浩魁材料科技有限公司 一种新型防弹插板用复合减凹片及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011038819A1 (fr) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Module de protection balistique
WO2011054467A1 (fr) * 2009-11-05 2011-05-12 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Établi de sécurité
CN107990782A (zh) * 2017-11-08 2018-05-04 航宇救生装备有限公司 一种防护服横截面立体结构
CN107990782B (zh) * 2017-11-08 2019-12-24 航宇救生装备有限公司 一种防护服横截面立体结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110041675A1 (en) 2011-02-24
WO2009048679A3 (fr) 2009-10-29

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