WO2009053903A2 - Corps de pic de haveuse - Google Patents

Corps de pic de haveuse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009053903A2
WO2009053903A2 PCT/IB2008/054331 IB2008054331W WO2009053903A2 WO 2009053903 A2 WO2009053903 A2 WO 2009053903A2 IB 2008054331 W IB2008054331 W IB 2008054331W WO 2009053903 A2 WO2009053903 A2 WO 2009053903A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pick body
substrate
body according
layer
pcd
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB2008/054331
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009053903A3 (fr
Inventor
Robert Fries
Cornelis Roelof Jonker
Frank Friedrich Lachmann
Karl Georg Hildebrand
Bernd Heinrich Ries
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Element Six GmbH
Element Six Production Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Element Six GmbH
Element Six Production Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Element Six GmbH, Element Six Production Pty Ltd filed Critical Element Six GmbH
Publication of WO2009053903A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009053903A2/fr
Publication of WO2009053903A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009053903A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1835—Chemical composition or specific material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/183—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material
    • E21C35/1837—Mining picks; Holders therefor with inserts or layers of wear-resisting material characterised by the shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to picks comprising a shank, a substrate and an impact resistant tip bonded to the substrate and exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use.
  • the invention further relates to high impact resistant tools including such picks, and to use of such tools in methods of formation degradation.
  • Picks are used as cutting tools in machinery for formation degradation applications such as the mining of coal, the tunneling through of rock, surface mining and in road surfacing, road milling and trenching.
  • the term "pick” typically means a pointed or chisel shaped rock cutting tool which cuts rock by penetrating and scraping along the surface of the rock, asphalt or concrete.
  • Picks typically consist of a steel shank with a tapered front end with a pointed tungsten carbide- cobalt tool forming the cutting tip.
  • An array of picks is typically mounted onto a rotating barrel or drum or mining machine which engages the picks with the material to be removed.
  • Picks are generally axi-symmetric and mounted such that they themselves can rotate around their own axis.
  • Pick rotation is typically facilitated by mounting the pick into a cylindrical aperture of a mounting block which in turn is permanently attached to the drum or mining machine. Load is transmitted onto the tool via an annular flange which mates with the planar front surface of the mounting block.
  • the picks engage the working surface of the material to be removed they are subject to a range of wear modes which include severe impact and loading in various directions often resulting in bending moments, as well as severe abrasive and thermal wear due to the removed material being hard, inhomogeneous and abrasive and scraping continuously along the tip and body of the pick.
  • the severe and rapid wear of the carbide tip and pick body is the prime reason for introducing rotating picks.
  • the rotational action allows the tip and pick body to wear symmetrically around the axis and a degree of self sharpening is induced. As a result undermining and one-sided wear are avoided. This increases the overall lifetime of the pick avoiding premature failure through breakage or bluntening of the tip to a point where no further cutting action is achieved.
  • PCD polycrystalline diamond
  • PCBN polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
  • a cubic boron nitride abrasive compact is another superhard abrasive material which can, in use, be bonded to a substrate such as a cemented carbide substrate.
  • Abrasive compacts bonded to a cemented carbide substrate made at HPHT conditions are brought into or close to an equilibrium state at those conditions. Bringing the compacts to conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure induces large stresses in the abrasive compact due to the different thermal and mechanical/elastic properties of the abrasive layer and the substrate. The combined effect is to place the abrasive layer in a highly stressed state. Finite element analysis shows that the abrasive layer may be in tension in some regions whilst being in compression elsewhere. The nature of the stresses is a complex interaction of the conditions of manufacture, the nature of the materials of the abrasive layer and the substrate, and the nature of the interface between the abrasive layer and the substrate, amongst others.
  • a stressed abrasive compact In service, such a stressed abrasive compact is predisposed to premature failure by spalling, delamination and other mechanisms. That is to say, the abrasive compact fails prematurely due to separation and loss of all or part of the abrasive layer from the cutting surface of the abrasive compact, and the higher the residual stresses, the greater is the probability of premature failure.
  • Another method applied in attempting to solve the problem of a highly stressed composite abrasive compact is to provide one or more interlayers of a different material with properties, particularly thermal and mechanical/elastic properties, intermediate between the properties of the substrate and the abrasive layer.
  • the purpose of such interlayers is to accommodate some of the stresses in the interlayers and thereby reduce the residual stresses in the abrasive layer.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,469,927 teaches that the combination of a non-planar interface and transition layers may be used.
  • this patent describes the use of a transition layer of milled polycrystalline diamond with tungsten carbide in the form of both particles of tungsten carbide alone and pre- cemented tungsten carbide particles.
  • tungsten metal to be mixed into the transition layer to enable excess metal to react to form tungsten carbide in situ.
  • US patent 5,162,627 describes a pick body comprising a shank, a substrate and an impact resistant tip which is conical in shape.
  • the impact resistant tip is made of a composite polycrystalline diamond compact which contains carbide particles dispersed therein. The concentration of the carbide particles is greatest at the compact/substrate interface. The thickness of the impact resistant tip is about 0,09 to 1,14 mm.
  • the composite polycrystalline diamond compact tip by virtue of the presence of the carbide particles, has limited wear resistance.
  • a pick body comprising a shank, a substrate and an impact resistant tip bonded to the substrate and exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use, the impact resistant tip having an exposed layer of PCD, wherein the impact resistant tip is of conical, frustoconical, ballistic, hemispherical, chisel or wedge shaped including a rounded top and wherein a thickness of the layer of superhard material is from about 1.0mm to about 2.3mm from an apex of the tip of the conical, frustoconical, ballistic, hemispherical, chisel or wedge shape to the substrate.
  • PCD polycrystalline diamond
  • PCD is a superhard material comprising a mass of polycrystalline diamond, present in an amount of at least 70 volume percent, and generally at least 80 volume percent, and in which this is considerable diamond-to-diamond bonding.
  • a second phase containing a transition metal is generally also present.
  • the abrasive present in PCD is substantially only diamond.
  • the layer of PCD has a thickness of about 1.0 mm to about 2.3 mm from the apex to the substrate.
  • the shank of the pick body may be adapted to be received non-rotatably in use in a tool holder or mounting block.
  • the pick body may include a base with the shank extending from the base wherein the shank is threaded to engage with corresponding threading in a mounting block or tool holder bore.
  • the shank may be eccentric with respect to the base, preferably in the forward direction.
  • the pick body is receivable in the tool holder or mounting block by brazing, press fit, adhesive or other means of attachment known in the art.
  • the PCD preferably, comprises an impact resistant grade of diamond with an average grain size range greater than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the grain size is preferably less than 30 ⁇ m.
  • the PCD preferably includes an average cobalt content greater than 15 % by weight.
  • the cobalt content is preferably less than 20 wt.%.
  • Other metals which may be included in the superhard layer and/or substrate include iron, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, chromium, manganese, tantalum or combinations thereof.
  • the superhard layer is preferably manufactured from multimodal diamond, and more particularly trimodal or quadmodal diamond.
  • the pick body includes a front end located between the tip and the shank, the front end having a wear resistant surface comprising high quality steel, hardened steel and/or hard metal.
  • the front end may be coated with or include a hard-facing, or other abrasion resistant coated or treated portion.
  • the rounded top of the PCD layer has a radius greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the top of the PCD layer is preferably conical or ballistic shaped with the half cone angle not exceeding 60 degrees.
  • the PCD layer is at least 1 mm thick in all working directions over a central working surface comprising the inner Vz of the working surface diameter of the substrate.
  • the layer over the central working surface is between 1 and 2.3 mm thick in all working directions and tapers off towards the outer diameter of the tip.
  • the substrate is preferably a cemented carbide substrate such as cemented tungsten carbide, cemented tantalum carbide, cemented titanium carbide, cemented molybdenum carbide or a mixture thereof.
  • the cemented carbide substrate may contain particles of a grain inhibiting agent such as titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, vanadium carbide or a mixture thereof.
  • the binder metal for such cemented carbide may be any known in the art such as nickel, cobalt, iron or an alloy containing one or more of these metals. Typically the binder will be present in an amount of 6 to 20% by mass. Some of the binder metal may infiltrate the abrasive compact during High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) treatment. A shim or layer of binder may be used for this purpose.
  • the residual stresses induced in the tip may be minimised providing a graduated change in thermal expansion from the substrate to the layer of PCD (tip).
  • substrate as used herein and in the claims includes such graduated change regions or intermediate regions, as described hereinafter.
  • the PCD layer is only that region or layer which is made of PCD and this region or layer must be about 1.0 mm to about 2.3 mm in thickness..
  • the graduated change may be achieved by the introduction of a number of intermediate regions or layers between the outer PCD layer and the substrate, each region or layer having a thermal expansion such that there is a graduated change in thermal expansion from the outer region or layer to the substrate.
  • the control of thermal expansion may be achieved by admixing one or more types of refractory particles of low thermal expansion with superhard abrasive particles, and adjusting the relative proportions of superhard abrasive particles and refractory particles to achieve the desired thermal expansion.
  • a metal or alloy may be present in each or some of the regions.
  • the amount relative to the amount of superhard abrasive particle and refractory particle may be adjusted to achieve the desired graduated thermal expansion.
  • suitable refractory particles with low thermal expansion are carbides, oxides and nitrides of silicon, hafnium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium and niobium, an oxide and nitride of aluminium, cubic boron nitride, and carbides of tungsten, tantalum and molybdenum.
  • Tungsten carbide is a particularly suitable refractory particle.
  • suitable metals and alloys are nickel, cobalt, iron or an alloy containing one or more of these metals.
  • the metal or alloy is the same as the metal or alloy present in the cemented carbide substrate.
  • the proportion of superhard abrasive particles is generally in the range 20 to 80 volume per cent of the region and the proportion of refractory particles is generally in the range 80 to 70 volume per cent of the region.
  • the metal binder when used, is generally present in the amount of about 8 to 12 volume per cent of the total volume of the particles. In one embodiment of the present invention, the proportion of superhard particles is about 25 volume per cent, the proportion of refractory particles is about 75 volume per cent, and the metal binder about 10 volume per cent. It will be appreciated, however, that if there is only a single interlayer, a 50/50 mix of carbide and diamond by volume may be selected. In the event there are three interlayers present, the first interlayer, closest to the substrate, preferably contains 25 vol% diamond and the two subsequent interlayers 50 and 75 vol. % respectively.
  • the superhard diamond abrasive particles are generally in the particle size range 5 to 100 microns, and preferably in the size range 15 to 30 microns.
  • the superhard diamond particles in the layer of PCD are preferably characterised by containing at least three (trimodal), and preferably four (quadmodal), different particle sizes.
  • the proportion of metal binder is about 2 per cent of the volume of superhard diamond abrasive particles.
  • an example of the composition by average particle size is: Average particle size Per cent by mass greater than 10 microns at least 20 between 5 and 10 microns at least 15 less than 5 microns at least 15
  • average particle size means that a major amount of the particles by mass will be close to the specified size although there will be some particles larger and some particles smaller than the specified size.
  • the average particle size is stated as 20 microns, there will be some particles that are larger and some particles that are smaller than 20 microns, but the major amount of the particles will be at approximately 20 microns in size and a peak in the size distribution by mass of particles will be at 20 microns.
  • percent by mass means that the percentages are the percentages by mass of the entire abrasive particle mass.
  • a specific particle size composition containing three particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is:
  • a specific particle size composition containing four particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is:
  • a specific composition containing five particle sizes which is useful for the superhard layer is:
  • the binder metal powder when present, will generally have a particle size of less than 10 microns, and preferably will be about 3 microns.
  • the pick body includes at least one interlayer between the superhard layer and the substrate which interlayer has a thermal expansion coefficient and Young's modulus between those of the superhard layer and the substrate. The effect of this is to reduce peak mismatch stress between the superhard layer and the substrate.
  • a pick body may therefore include one or more composite interlayers of intermediate thermo-mechanical properties as hereinbefore described.
  • the substrate is preferably a carbide, most preferably a metal carbide substrate.
  • the substrate may comprise 6 - 10 % by weight cobalt.
  • the carbide substrate may further comprise tungsten, titanium, tantalum, molybdenum, niobum, cobalt and/or combinations thereof, as hereinbefore described.
  • the superhard PCD layer is bonded to the substrate via a non-planar interface.
  • a high impact resistant tool comprising a pick body as hereinbefore described, preferably non-rotatably mounted in a tool holder or mounting block.
  • the high impact resistant tool may be mounted on a rotatable drum or barrel.
  • a method of formation degradation including the step of engaging a pick body as hereinbefore described with the formation to degrade the formation.
  • a 'thick' PCD layer is essential to achieve a significant increase over conventional shaped cutters (thin layers ⁇ 1 mm, less aggressive geometry) in impact resistance as measured by perpendicular drop testing. The applicant has confirmed this trend.
  • the benefits of the present invention of 'thin' layers of superhard material are:-
  • a more abrasion resistant grade of PCD is included as the superhard layer.
  • overall wear resistance is the same but with reduced thickness.
  • this is matched with a WC substrate of slightly higher cobalt (Co) content achieving a new local optimum in minimising residual stresses between substrate and more wear resistant, thinner PCD layer.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic cross section through a pick body according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows tips including interlayers according to the present invention
  • Figures 3 A - F show a non-rotating pick with a PCD layered tip engaged in a tool holder which is engaged in a mounting block;
  • Figures 4 A - E show a non-rotating pick with a PCD layered tip engaged in a mounting block
  • Figures 5 A - D show a non-rotating pick with a PCD layered tip screw threadingly engaged in a mounting block
  • a tip 100 of a pick body includes a carbide substrate 101 , an interlayer 102 and a layer of PCD 103 in a ballistic shape including a rounded top.
  • a thickness (a) of the layer of superhard material 103 is from 0.05mm to 2.3mm from an apex of the tip of the ballistic shape to the interface with the layer 102.
  • the rounded top of the superhard layer 103 has a radius R greater than 0.5 mm.
  • the top of the superhard layer 103 has a half cone angle ( ⁇ ) not exceeding 60 degrees.
  • the superhard layer 103 over a central working surface comprising the inner ⁇ A (y) of the working surface diameter (y + 2x (where 2x y)) of the tip, is at least 1 mm thick (b) in all working directions being 45 degrees off the central axis of the ballistic.
  • the central working surface tapers off towards the outer diameter of the tip.
  • Figure 2 illustrates impact and abrasion resistant tips including at least one interlayer according to the present invention.
  • a pick assembly 300 including a pick body 301 according to the present invention, a tool holder 302 and a mounting block 303.
  • the pick body 301 includes a tip 304 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the tool holder includes a base 302A and a shank 302B extending from the base 302A, the shank 302B being eccentric with respect to the base 302A in the forward direction.
  • the pick body 301 and tool holder 302 are fixedly held in the mounting block 303 such that rotation of the pick body 301 and/or tool holder 302 is not possible in use.
  • the pick assembly 300 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).
  • a pick assembly 400 including a pick body 401 according to the present invention and a mounting block 402.
  • the pick body 401 includes a tip 403 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the pick body includes a base 401 A and a shank 401 B extending from the base 401 A, the shank 401 B being eccentric with respect to the base 401 A in the forward direction.
  • the pick body 401 is retained in the mounting block 402 by means of a retaining means (not shown). In this arrangement, the pick body 401 is fixedly held in the mounting block 402 such that rotation of the pick body 401 is not possible in use.
  • the pick assembly 400 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).
  • a pick assembly 500 including a pick body or shank 501 according to the present invention and a mounting block 502.
  • the pick body 501 includes a tip 504 including a layer of superhard material exposed to perform a cutting action in a forward direction in use (not shown).
  • the pick body 501 includes a collar 501 A and a threaded shank 501 B extending from the collar 501 A, the shank 501 B being concentric with respect to the collar 501 A.
  • the pick body 501 is retained in the mounting block 502 by means of the threaded shank 501 B engaging with complementary threading in the mounting block (not shown).
  • a retaining means 505 is accommodated within a mounting block bore . In this arrangement, the pick body 501 is fixedly held in the mounting block 502 such that rotation of the pick body 501 is not permitted in use.
  • the pick assembly 500 is adapted to be attached to a rotating drum or barrel (not shown).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un corps de pic de haveuse comprenant un manche, un substrat (101) et une pointe résistant aux impacts (100) liée au substrat (101) et exposée pour effectuer une action de coupe dans une direction vers l'avant lors de l'utilisation, la pointe résistant aux impacts (100) ayant une couche exposée de diamant polycristallin (103), la pointe résistant aux impacts (100) ayant une forme conique, tronconique, de balle, hémisphérique, de ciseau ou de coin, comprenant une partie supérieure arrondie, et une épaisseur de la couche de matériau super-dur (103) étant d'environ 1,0 mm à environ 2,3 mm d'un sommet de la pointe de forme conique, tronconique, de balle, hémisphérique, de ciseau ou de coin, au substrat (101). L'invention concerne également un outil à résistance élevée aux impacts et un procédé de dégradation de formation.
PCT/IB2008/054331 2007-10-22 2008-10-21 Corps de pic de haveuse Ceased WO2009053903A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07254182.4 2007-10-22
EP07254182A EP2053198A1 (fr) 2007-10-22 2007-10-22 Corps à pointe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009053903A2 true WO2009053903A2 (fr) 2009-04-30
WO2009053903A3 WO2009053903A3 (fr) 2009-10-08

Family

ID=39469423

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2008/054331 Ceased WO2009053903A2 (fr) 2007-10-22 2008-10-21 Corps de pic de haveuse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2053198A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009053903A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8789894B2 (en) 2009-01-13 2014-07-29 Diamond Innovations, Inc. Radial tool with superhard cutting surface
US9028009B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-05-12 Element Six Gmbh Pick tool and method for making same
JP2015535751A (ja) * 2012-09-28 2015-12-17 エレメント、シックス、ゲゼルシャフト、ミット、ベシュレンクテル、ハフツングＥｌｅｍｅｎｔ Ｓｉｘ Ｇｍｂｈ 超硬質の平坦な打撃面を有するピックツール
US9562431B2 (en) * 2011-10-31 2017-02-07 Element Six Abrasives S.A. Tip for a pick tool, method of making same and pick tool comprising same

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WO2012152848A2 (fr) 2011-05-10 2012-11-15 Element Six Abrasives S.A. Pointe pour outil de dégradation et outil la comprenant
US8668275B2 (en) * 2011-07-06 2014-03-11 David R. Hall Pick assembly with a contiguous spinal region
RU2510458C2 (ru) * 2012-05-11 2014-03-27 Наиль Ирхужинович Саитов Шнековый исполнительный орган
GB201217433D0 (en) * 2012-09-28 2012-11-14 Element Six Gmbh Strike tip for a pick tool, assembly comprising same and method for using same
US9441482B2 (en) * 2013-01-30 2016-09-13 Novatek Ip, Llc Hammer element on a degradation pick
GB201304408D0 (en) * 2013-03-12 2013-04-24 Element Six Abrasives Sa Super-hard tip and pick tool comprising same
US9976418B2 (en) * 2014-04-02 2018-05-22 The Sollami Company Bit/holder with enlarged ballistic tip insert
CN104948183A (zh) * 2015-07-29 2015-09-30 桂林星钻超硬材料有限公司 高抗冲击聚晶金刚石截齿
DE102015112988A1 (de) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-09 Betek Gmbh & Co. Kg Schneideinrichtung
GB201517360D0 (en) * 2015-10-01 2015-11-18 Element Six Gmbh And Element Six Uk Ltd Pick tool
CA3021570C (fr) 2016-04-20 2023-11-21 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Puce d'excavation, outil d'excavation et procede de fabrication de puce d'excavation
CN106837183A (zh) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 湖南泰鼎新材料有限责任公司 一种异形复合超硬材料体及其制备工艺和钻头
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US9028009B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-05-12 Element Six Gmbh Pick tool and method for making same
US9033425B2 (en) 2010-01-20 2015-05-19 Element Six Gmbh Pick tool and method for making same
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JP2015535751A (ja) * 2012-09-28 2015-12-17 エレメント、シックス、ゲゼルシャフト、ミット、ベシュレンクテル、ハフツングＥｌｅｍｅｎｔ Ｓｉｘ Ｇｍｂｈ 超硬質の平坦な打撃面を有するピックツール
US9593577B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-03-14 Element Six Gmbh Pick tool having a super-hard planar strike surface

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