Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
  • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
  • E02F9/2808—Teeth
  • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
  • E02F9/2825—Mountings therefor using adapters
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
  • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
  • E02F9/2808—Teeth
  • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
  • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins

Definitions

• This invention refers to a mechanical coupling system which construction allows the mechanical parts notching and decoupling without the need of hamming the fixation pin, as well as not damaging the fixation pin by means of resulting forces.
• the state of the art mechanical couplings have a series of inconveniences, e.g. the extremity and adaptor coupling used on digging machines .
• the digging machines and the like are often used to pull away, move and load soil, stones and ore.
• These equipments which may be presented in a number of configurations, usually have bucket linked to a mechanical bracket.
• it is a common practice to set up wastage elements along the digging edge, as cogs projecting ahead of the bucket cutting edge.
• the cogs are subject to severe working conditions, being exposed to high efforts and wastage, thus they need to be frequently replaced, and further, depending on the work the digging equipment is subjected to, changing the kind or shape of the cogs may be necessary.
• the digging cogs are often composed by a number of parts including, for example, an adaptor, an extremity and a lock.
• the adaptor fastens into the bucket cutting edge in a way almost permanent, through its rear end that is formed to such purpose, and a nose projecting forward for notching the extremity temporally.
• the notching is kept connected through a lock.
• Patents PI 8102233 and US 6,735,890 B2 describe an assembling from a helical coupling. These systems have the ergometric inconvenience at the extremity assembling on the adaptor, because it is necessary the rotation movement of the extremity in relation to its longitudinal axis to "screw it" on the adaptor, also making difficult the use of mechanical tackles on this operation.
• a lock system composed of a pin or bar with a retention device that is used so that the pin or bar do not get out of their assembling position is used.
• An arrangement of the lock set on the configuration previously mentioned often used on the market consists in the retaining device composed by a pressure washer, that is placed on a cavity of the adaptor and that defines a wrapping and positions it concentrically in relation to the corresponding bores of the extremity and adaptor.
• a pin with a diameter slightly bigger than the pressure washer bore is notched by means of a depression on the pin surface when a hammer hits it.
• Patents PI 0318633-4 A and PI 0418595-1 A describe locking systems where there is no need of hamming the set for assembling and disassembling it, only needing rotate the pin around its axial axis through a tool for make its retention at the operating position, however in both cases the systems are composed by two independent sub-sets.
• a worrying aspect for the system described on PI 0418595-1 A, is the gap dependency between the adaptor extremity at the efficiency of retention to rotation of the fixation pin, thus the wastage at the coupling area of the extremity set plus adaptor influences the reliability of the locking system.
• Figure 1 - a side view of an extremity of the state of the art
• Figure 2 a side view of an extremity of the state of the art
• Figure 3 a side view of an extremity of the state of the art
• Figure 4 - a side and superior view of the first coupling element notched on the second coupling element, object of the present invention
• Figure 5 a side sectional detailed view of the first coupling element notched on the second coupling element, object of the present invention
• Figure 6 a sectional top detailed view of the first coupling element notched on the second coupling element, object of the present invention
• Figure 7 a side and top view of the first coupling element
• Figure 8 a sectional top detailed view of the gaps and shoulders of the mechanical coupling object of the present invention
• Figure 9 - a side sectional detailed view of the gaps and shoulders of the mechanical coupling object of the present invention.
• Figure 11 - a sectional top detailed view of the fixation pin notched on the first coupling element and the second coupling element set;
• Figure 13 - a top view of the fixation pin, object of the present invention
• Figure 14 - a side view of the fixation pin, object of the present invention
• Figure 15 a side detailed view of the fixation pin assembling by means of the special wrench
• Figure 16 a sectional top detailed view of the pin assembling by means of the special wrench.
• the first coupling element 1 is an extremity and the second coupling element 2 is a digging machine adaptor, however, the system may be used for any type of mechanical coupling, since it is functional and in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
• the second coupling element 2 has a protuberant element 3, popularly called "nose”, which will be notched in a recess 4 of the first coupling element 1.
• the protuberant element 3 further has an opening, which trespasses the whole thickness of element 3.
• the first coupling element 1 has two sides Ia, which ends Ib have quadrangular, cooperating on the end of the course of the second coupling element 2.
• the protuberant element 3 has an end 3a of squared shape cooperating at the end of the course of the first coupling element 1, positioned between sides Ia of the first coupling element 1.
• Sides Ia, which have ends Ib, have an structural function on the coupling, minimizing coupling weight of this wastage item, thus increasing the weight percentage of the material available for wastage (it is not necessary to involve the whole second coupling element 2) .
• Recess 4 of the first coupling element 1 has a shape cooperating to that of the second coupling element 2 and an opening 6 on the sides Ia, that posterior to the notch of extremity 1 on adaptor 2, will be concentric to the opening 5, forming a channel 7.
• the contact surfaces between the first coupling element 1 and the second coupling element 2 are well defined, strategically located to minimize the coupling efforts and parallel or orthogonal to each other. All the angles formed between the contact surfaces between the first coupling element 1 and the second coupling element 2 are straight, as may be seen from figure 4, thus eliminating the resulting forces of the state of the art which cause the fixation pin 8 breakage. This increases the distance between the coupling supports to the maximum for decreasing the "lever" effect at the coupling, thus minimizing the transversal section dimensions and increasing the penetration power.
• shoulders 15 are foreseen on the predefined contact surfaces, as may be seen from figures 8 and 9, causing the highest possible distance between the coupling supports and consequently gaps 16 are provided, intentionally created on the points where the contact is undesirable .
• Such embodiment uses less raw material for obtaining the mechanical coupling system and consequently decreases its weight.
• the first coupling element 1 and the second coupling element 2 are notched through a fixation pin 8 which is a single set, the axial locking of the lock set being made through rotation in relation to the 90° axial axis (clockwise/counterclockwise) of the second element 11 (as will be explained next) , made through an special wrench 20, creating an interference due to the geometry change of the lock set in relation to the adaptor cavity.
• the fixation pin set 8 has a first fixed element 10 having a shape cooperating to channel 7. Posterior to the first fixed element 10, a second element 11 is disposed.
• the second element 11 has shoulders 11a, cooperating to depressions 12a, provided on a third element 12. The functioning of such elements will be explained next.
• fixation pin set 8 The notching of the fixation pin set 8 is better explained from figure 7, the third element 12 is rotated along its longitudinal axis through the special wrench 20 which is clamped on a recess 8a, and thus the element 10 is also rotated, because it is mutual through the elastic pin 14.
• the element 11 is not rotated because the adaptor pin set housing cavity geometry does not allow such movement. Therefore a relative movement is created between the two trapezoidal shoulders 11a of the element 11 (disposed at 180°) and the four trapezoidal depressions 12b of the element 12 (disposed at 90°) . This relative movement generates a resulting force on the pin axial direction that compresses an elastic material ring 15 through a metallic ring 16.
• depressions 12b and shoulders 11a may vary, as well as that the depressions and shoulders may have other embodiments, since they are in accordance with the teachings of the present application.
• fixation pin 8 geometry as well as the geometry of its elements might be any, since it is functional with the teachings of the present invention.
• the present invention has a great number of vantages :
• fixation pin 8 set allows the coupling and posterior decoupling of the first coupling element 1 and the second coupling element 2 without the need of hamming the pin with mallet and/or hammer but with the help of a special wrench 20.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
• Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40625305

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Citations (7)

• 2007
  • 2007-11-05 BR BRPI0705096 patent/BRPI0705096A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2008
  • 2008-02-11 WO PCT/BR2008/000042 patent/WO2009059385A1/en not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (7)

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