WO2009068081A1 - Condensateur et transformateur de tension - Google Patents

Condensateur et transformateur de tension Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009068081A1
WO2009068081A1 PCT/EP2007/062874 EP2007062874W WO2009068081A1 WO 2009068081 A1 WO2009068081 A1 WO 2009068081A1 EP 2007062874 W EP2007062874 W EP 2007062874W WO 2009068081 A1 WO2009068081 A1 WO 2009068081A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
film
conductive areas
base
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2007/062874
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lise Donzel
Henning Fuhrmann
Joerg Ostrowski
Martin Carlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to PCT/EP2007/062874 priority Critical patent/WO2009068081A1/fr
Publication of WO2009068081A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009068081A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • H01G4/012—Form of non-self-supporting electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/005—Electrodes
    • H01G4/015—Special provisions for self-healing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/32—Wound capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a capacitor according to the generic part of claim 1 and a voltage transformer comprising a capacitor according to the invention as a high voltage capacitor.
  • Capacitors and voltage transformers of this type are typically employed in MV and HV electrical installations .
  • Capacitors of the generic type are known from EP 1 801 825 Al. According to this document, every conductive area of the film the capacitor is wound from covers a fixed constant angle, e.g., slightly more than two full turns.
  • This object is achieved in that a capacitor according to the invention is employed as a high voltage capacitor where its capacity of withstanding high voltage differences is used to advantage while its relatively low capacitance does not constitute a drawback.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a partial top view of a polymer film used for the production of a capacitor according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows enlarged a cutout from Fig. 1 as indicated by II
  • Fig. 3 shows an axial section through a voltage transformer according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a partial longitudinal section of a film according to Fig. 1, and
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a cutout from a section of a capacitor wound from the film according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.
  • a film 1 which may be used for producing a capacitor, in particular for a voltage transformer as shown in Fig. 3 comprises (Fig. 1) a base 2 essentially consisting of electrically insulating polymer material, with one surface partially covered by a coating of electrically conductive material.
  • the film 1 forms a long strip of constant width. Its thickness is preferably between 2 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m.
  • the material of the base 2 is, e.g., polyethylene, polystyrole, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polyimide, PET, PEN, PPS (polyphenylene sulphide) , polyester, epoxy resin, polysulfone or a mixture of such polymers possibly also containing additives and suitable for forming a thin film with high dielectric strength.
  • the coating is in the form of a single sequence of at least four but usually a much greater number of parallelogram-shaped, as a rule at least nearly rectangular conductive areas 3 where the base 2 carries an electrically conductive coating and which follow one upon the other in a longitudinal direction.
  • the lateral boundaries of the said conductive areas 3 are spaced from the lateral edges of the film 1, i.e., the margins of the base 2, so the latter exhibits non-coated strips adjacent to its margins which extend over virtually the whole length of the film 1 without interruption.
  • Subsequent conductive areas 3 are in each case separated by a transverse interstice 4 or gap in the coating. As a consequence, the conductive areas 3 are electrically insulated from each other.
  • the coating consists preferably of metal, and is in particular a metallization applied by vapour deposition, but use of other electrically conductive materials beside metals, e.g., carbon, is also possible.
  • the electrically conductive coating is patterned as known per se (s. EP 0 225 822 Al), that is, it consists of, e.g., quadratic, patches 5, 5' (s. Fig. 2 which shows an enlarged cutout II from Fig. 1) with adjacent patches 5, 5' separated by uncoated strips 6 and only connected by thin bridges 7 of coating at the corners.
  • the surrounding bridges 7 evaporate, thereby interrupting the electrically conductive connections of the patch 5' in question with its neighbours.
  • a graded or uniform conductive coating can be used.
  • the electrical conductivity of the coating may be relatively low as larger currents will normally be perpendicular, that is, its surface resistivity will usually be at least 1 ⁇ D .
  • the leftmost of the conductive areas 3 in Fig. 1 is electrically conductively connected to a lead 8.
  • the conductive areas 3 are congruent, i.e., of the same shape and size, throughout the longitudinal extension of the film 1. They are aligned with the longitudinal direction, their lateral margins being substantially parallel to the lateral margins of the base 2. Their lateral positions on the base 2, i.e., their distances from the lateral margins of the latter, are equal.
  • the interstices 4 are of equal lengths, too.
  • the rightmost of the areas 3 is connected to another lead 9. Due to the geometrical regularity of the coating forming the conductive areas 3 films of any desired length are easy to produce.
  • the film 1 is suitable for forming a cylindrical winding which can be used as a capacitor.
  • a capacitor of this type is particularly suitable as a high voltage capacitor in a capacitive voltage transformer as shown in Fig. 3.
  • This capacitor 10 is carried by a tube-shaped support 11 of electrically insulating material, e.g., fiber-enforced plastic on which the film has been wound and which in turn surrounds a conductor rod 12.
  • a contact ring 13 which also surrounds the conductor rod 12 and contacts the same with elastic contact fingers is electrically conductively connected to the innermost of the conductive areas 3 via lead 9.
  • the capacitor 10 also comprises as a separate first terminal electrode a measuring electrode 14 surrounding the winding and consisting of metal, preferably aluminium foil. It is electrically conductively connected to the outermost of the conductive areas 3 by lead 8.
  • lead 8 is omitted and the measuring electrode merely capacitively coupled to the outermost conductive area of the capacitor winding.
  • the measuring electrode merely capacitively coupled to the outermost conductive area of the capacitor winding.
  • lead 9 it is possible to omit lead 9 as well but this may compromise measuring accuracy.
  • a further possibility is to wind the capacitor directly onto the conductor rod 12 with lead 9 and contact ring 13 omitted.
  • the measuring electrode 14 is surrounded by a further tube- shaped support 15 carrying a further capacitor, a low voltage capacitor 16.
  • a further capacitor a low voltage capacitor 16.
  • It may be of a conventional design, e.g., as described in EP 1 329 915 Al, consisting of two films wound on the support 15 together, each with a contiguous electrically conductive coating at an inner surface, the coating covering an area extending essentially over the whole length of the winding in each case, where with a first one of the said films the said area extends to a first lateral edge which forms a first face of the winding and at the second film to an opposite second lateral edge which forms the opposite second face of the winding.
  • the first face is covered by a contact ring 17 which contacts the conductive area of the first film and is electrically conductively connected to the measuring electrode 14 whereas the second face is covered in the same manner by a contact ring 18 which contacts the conductive area of the second film and is grounded.
  • the capacitance of low voltage capacitor 16 is much larger than that of capacitor 10, preferably by a factor of between 100 and 10' 000 which is at the same time the conversion factor of the voltage transformer.
  • the measuring electrode 14 is electrically conductively connected via the contact ring 17 to an evaluation circuit 19 which may be of known design and delivers an output signal corresponding to the potential of the measuring electrode 14 which reflects the potential of conductor rod 12.
  • both the high voltage capacitor 10 and the low voltage capacitor 16 the same material for the film or at least for its base as in this case the influence which variations of parameters like temperature or voltage may have on the electrical properties of the said capacitors will be substantially the same and the conversion factor will remain practically unaffected, in particular, where they are arranged in close proximity of each other, e.g., immediately adjacent to each other.
  • high measuring accuracies can be achieved which allows application of the transformer in fields with particularly stringent respective requirements like metering.
  • the voltage transformer can be encapsulated in a casing of electrically insulating material for mechanical stabilization and protection .
  • the equal lengths of the areas 3 of the film 1 forming the capacitor 10 may be chosen in such a way that each of them has a certain minimum overlap with itself, e.g., extending over slightly more than two turns of the capacitor 10 in the outermost layers, thereby forming an electrode comprising two essentially parallel electrode layers.
  • Subsequent interstices 4 can be slightly staggered there (see Figs. 4, 5) .
  • radial components of the electric field are small in the neighbourhood of the interstices 4.
  • both surfaces of the base 2 are adjacent to electrode layers pertaining to the same electrode as formed by one of the conductive areas 3.
  • the base 2 is not subjected to a strong and permanent electric field which is a further obstacle to an extension of any partial breakdown.
  • the angular extension covered by one of the conductive areas 3 follows the same rule, i.e., the self-overlap of the conductive areas increases with decreasing radius (s. Fig. 5) .
  • the overall capacitance of the capacitor 10, that is, the capacitance pertaining to the series of capacitances formed by the pairs of subsequent conductive areas, is thereby somewhat increased.
  • the dimensions of a winding having a certain capacitance will be slightly larger, but this is usually acceptable, in particular in a high voltage capacitor of a capacitive voltage transformer.
  • the width of the interstices 4 will have to be chosen large enough to prevent surface flashovers at the expected voltages.
  • the interstices may, however, be much wider than this requirement necessitates.
  • the risk of flashovers at the margins is generally quite small, the conductive areas 3 being spaced from the lateral edges of the film 1. It is, however, possible to seal the winding there by welding or by covering it with resin or some other suitable material in order to protect the winding against humidity.
  • the capacitor 10 is produced by winding a predetermined length of film 1 from, e.g., a reel, on the support 11.
  • the winding step can be carried out in a straightforward manner without extensive precautions and controls.
  • the whole or part of the winding forming the capacitor 10 may, in addition to the film 1 as described above, comprise further layers which consist, e.g., of another film of the same type or a film having only an insulating base with no conductive coating. Such additional layers may be wound on the support together with the film 1.
  • the capacitor 10 may comprise a second terminal electrode which may also consist of metal, in particular, aluminium foil and which surrounds the support 11 and is electrically conductively connected to contact ring 13.
  • the coupling between a terminal electrode and an adjacent electrode of the winding can be via a lead or other electrically conductive connection or merely capacitive.
  • a separate measuring electrode can be omitted and the outermost conductive area of the winding directly connected to contact ring 17 and evaluation circuit 19.
  • the electrodes in capacitor 10 are electrically insulated from each other they are on usually different floating potentials. It is advantageous if the distances between subsequent electrodes are such that, with the expected maximum overall potential difference between the conductor and ground, the potential difference between the said electrodes is always below the minimum of the Paschen curve as in this case partial breakdowns of an insulating layer between two subsequent electrodes cannot occur.
  • the capacitors are preferably dry, that is, they do not contain impregnation fluids applied to the film during the manufacturing of the capacitor and having penetrated its base.
  • impregnation fluids applied to the film during the manufacturing of the capacitor and having penetrated its base.
  • the dimensions, shapes and arrangement of the conductive areas and their electrical properties as well as the dimensions and properties of the base may vary widely depending on the specific purposes of the capacitor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Un condensateur comprend un enroulement réalisé à partir d'un film (1). Le film (1) comprend une base (2) réalisée dans un polymère électriquement isolant qui porte sur l'une de ses surfaces une suite de zones conductrices (3), la base (2) présentant un revêtement électriquement conducteur, séparé par des interstices non revêtus (4). Les zones conductrices (3) présentent toutes la même dimension et la même forme, en formant de préférence des parallélogrammes alignés avec une direction longitudinale du film (1) et des positions latérales égales sur la base (2). Le condensateur présente une pluralité d'électrodes sensiblement concentriques qui sont isolées les unes des autres et chacune d'elles se compose d'une ou de plusieurs couches d'électrode constituées par l'une des zones conductrices (3) et séparées par des couches diélectriques constituées par des parties de la base (2). Le condensateur est facile à produire par l'enroulement du film (1) sur un support approprié et présente une capacité de résistance aux tensions élevées. Il peut être utilisé comme condensateur à tension élevée dans un transformateur de tension capacitif, en série avec un condensateur classique à faible tension enroulé à partir de deux films revêtus de manière conductrice et superposés.
PCT/EP2007/062874 2007-11-27 2007-11-27 Condensateur et transformateur de tension Ceased WO2009068081A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2007/062874 WO2009068081A1 (fr) 2007-11-27 2007-11-27 Condensateur et transformateur de tension

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2007/062874 WO2009068081A1 (fr) 2007-11-27 2007-11-27 Condensateur et transformateur de tension

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009068081A1 true WO2009068081A1 (fr) 2009-06-04

Family

ID=39689524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/062874 Ceased WO2009068081A1 (fr) 2007-11-27 2007-11-27 Condensateur et transformateur de tension

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009068081A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2457438A1 (de) * 1974-12-05 1976-06-10 Philips Patentverwaltung Hochspannungskondensator
EP0056010A2 (fr) * 1981-01-07 1982-07-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Condensateur bobiné à surfaces métallisées segmentées
EP1801825A1 (fr) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 Abb Research Ltd. Un film, un condensateur, un transformateur de tension et une méthode d'utilisation d'un condensateur

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2457438A1 (de) * 1974-12-05 1976-06-10 Philips Patentverwaltung Hochspannungskondensator
EP0056010A2 (fr) * 1981-01-07 1982-07-14 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Condensateur bobiné à surfaces métallisées segmentées
EP1801825A1 (fr) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 Abb Research Ltd. Un film, un condensateur, un transformateur de tension et une méthode d'utilisation d'un condensateur

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