WO2009076061A2 - Matériau à base de béton et son procédé d'application - Google Patents

Matériau à base de béton et son procédé d'application Download PDF

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WO2009076061A2
WO2009076061A2 PCT/US2008/084591 US2008084591W WO2009076061A2 WO 2009076061 A2 WO2009076061 A2 WO 2009076061A2 US 2008084591 W US2008084591 W US 2008084591W WO 2009076061 A2 WO2009076061 A2 WO 2009076061A2
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composition
mortar
weight
concrete
mixture
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WO2009076061A3 (fr
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Eduardo Ramirez De Arellano
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an improved composition of a concrete-based material used to cover the interior or exterior of a building or other structure and methods of applying the composition. More specifically, the improved composition optimizes surface properties of a one-coat mortar and improves labor efficiency in the application process.
  • Concrete-based materials are used in a variety of applications. For example, concrete-based materials are often used to cover walls or other structures.
  • the drying time of certain mixtures taught by this patent can be reduced by the use of propylene glycol and methyl carbitol. In effect, these compounds act as accelerants that speed the drying process.
  • BETTOR MBT manufactures and sells an accelerant, which is commercially available as BETTACEL.
  • BETTOR MBT may be contacted through their Internet web site, which is hosted at: www.bettor- mbt.es, or at either of the following physical addresses: Headquarters, BETTOR MBT, S.A., Joiers, s/n, 08184 Palau de Plegamans, (Barcelona), Spain; Telephone: 93 862 00 23; Facsimile: 93 862 00 19; or Production, BETTOR MBT, S.A., Duero, 23, Poligono Ind. Mejorada, 28840 Mejorada del Campo, (Madrid), Spain; Telephone: 91 668 21 56; Facsimile: 91 668 17 75.
  • the accelerant is an aqueous solution made with inorganic salts and halogens. Its main function is to accelerate drying time and hardening of mortar, increasing the mortar resistance in the process.
  • the accelerant may be used even at low temperatures. This accelerant comes in a liquid state, and should be mixed first with part of the water to be used with the mortar, and then added to the mortar as the rest of the water is added. It comes in containers weighing 30 kg or 250 kg.
  • the characteristics of this accelerant are as follows:
  • Chloride ions amount 25.5 ⁇ 1.5%
  • the recommended dosage is 2 to 5% of the weight of the mortar being used. This percentage varies according to the desired effect (how fast you want the mortar to dry), the temperature and the type of cement with which the accelerant will be applied.
  • concrete-based materials are widely used on buildings or other structures to provide an even exterior surface.
  • the concrete-based materials are spread over a rough concrete surface.
  • Such rough concrete surfaces include bricks, blocks or stones that are held together by cement or concrete.
  • Lafarge Texsa Morteros and Sermarksa sell many generic one-coat grey or white concrete- based products.
  • Lafarge Texsa Morteros can be contacted at the following physical address: Lafarge Texsa Morteros, Pol. Can Peligri, C/Ferro, 7-08755, Catellbisbal(Barcelona), Spain; Tel. 936351290.
  • Sermarksa can be contacted at the following physical address: Sermarksa, Carr. 152 Km9, 08110 Monocada, Rey Sak, Barcelona, Spain; Tel. 935726500.
  • PROPAMSA S.A.
  • PROPAMSA is another company that manufactures and sells a number of concrete-based (or mortar-based) products that may be used to create an even interior or exterior surface on a building or other structure. These include PROPAM REVOC and REVAT RASPADO.
  • PROPAMSA may be contacted at the following physical address: PROPAMSA, S.A., Ctra. N-340 Km 1242.3, Pol. Ind. Les Fallulles, San Vincent Del Horts, 08620 Barcelona, Spain. The application and characteristics of these products are discussed below.
  • the PROPAM REVOC and REVAT RASPADO products can be used by following a simple three-step process.
  • FIG. 3 shows the application of these concrete-based materials 310 to a block wall 320.
  • PROPAM REVOC is a mortar based on cement, additives and aggregates that give it the property of high impermeability. It must be applied to a base that is resistant, completely hardened and extremely clean (free of dust, paint, oil, etc.). Also, if the base is exposed to sun or is made of a highly absorbent material, then the surface must first be dampened before applying PROPAM REVOC.
  • PROPAM REVOC is sold in 25 kg bags that are mixed manually or mechanically with 17% water (about 4.5 L). Once it is mixed it must be applied within 25 minutes or it will begin to harden. This mixture comes in gray and white and will cover approximately 2 kg/m 2 per cm of thickness. This, however, depends upon both the flatness and the roughness of the surface. For example, rough brick surfaces will require more, relatively smooth and even concrete walls will require less.
  • Density of hardened product 1. ⁇ g/cm 3
  • REVAT RASPADO is a one-coat mortar also based on cement, additives and aggregates that give protection as well as a decorative finish to a building. This product is impermeable to rain water and permeable to water vapor to prevent condensation.
  • REVAT RASPADO is prepared by mixing the 30 kg bag with 20% water (6 L) until a smooth paste is formed. Once the mixture is made, it must stand for 5 minutes so the mixture will settle. Then the mixture is spread with a trowel. If it is applied to a highly absorbent surface, a first coat should be applied as a primer.
  • the additives include dyes, and the product is available in a variety of colors. It
  • the traditional method for applying plaster is a cumbersome manual system, in which a worker mixes the mortar, the sand (which is usually located near the working area) and cement either manually with the help of a shovel or mechanically with the aid of a mixing apparatus. Once the final mixture is prepared and deposited in a container, it is then relocated to the area where it must be applied. If the area to be applied is not located at ground level a crane is generally used to transport the mixture. There are other instances where the area to be applied is remotely located from the preparation area. In such cases, it is well known to transport the mixture manually or by means of a mechanical vehicle/crane.
  • a one-coat mortar In addition to labor hours, another important feature of a one-coat mortar is its finish. When the product is finished it must present a smooth attractive surface. Preferably, the surface is flat and even, however, a perfectly flat and even surface lacks a certain desirable aesthetic. Indeed, the cold, hard look of a concrete surface has limited the acceptance of one-coat mortar finishes. Developing a more attractive aesthetic remains an important object of one-coat mortar finishes.
  • an even interior or exterior surface is formed on a building.
  • the method is especially suited for reducing the labor requirements of applying a concrete-based material to the building.
  • An exterior portion of the mortar surface is removed by scraping a rough trowel against the mortar surface.
  • the concrete-based mortar has at least fifty-percent of particles greater than 0.18 millimeters in diameter (by weight) and at least two-percent of particles greater than 1.2 millimeters in diameter (by weight).
  • the concrete-based mortar includes particles, such as sand, having a diameter of greater than 0.18 millimeters as at least half (by weight) of the composition of the concrete-based mortar. At least a percent of those particles (by weight) have a diameter greater than 1.2 millimeters.
  • a concrete-based mortar including sand
  • sand is mixed with water to form a resulting composition that hardens.
  • the sand includes grains approximately 1 millimeter in diameter and grains less than 0.5 millimeters in diameter.
  • the resulting composition is applied to an exterior of a building.
  • the resulting composition hardens on the building for a time sufficient to prevent reformation of the composition.
  • the resulting composition is scraped to remove an exterior portion of the resulting composition.
  • the surface of the composition defines a plane after the step of scraping. At least a portion of the grains approximately 1 millimeter in diameter lie along the plane and are removed by the step of scraping so that the surface includes a plurality of divots where the grains approximately 1 millimeter in diameter have been removed.
  • the resulting composition is applied by spreading the resulting composition on the exterior of the building with a trowel.
  • the resulting composition is applied by spraying or projecting the resulting composition on the surface of a structure by projection.
  • the composition according to another aspect of the invention is formed by selectively mixing aggregates and cement with at least one additive.
  • a desired composition is achieved by selectively combining cement, sand and additive, wherein the sand comprises a specific grain diameter distribution.
  • the composition is prepared so that when mixed with water pumping of said mixture is facilitated while at the same time application by spraying or projecting the resulting composition on the surface of a structure by projection is allowed.
  • the composition optimizes the traditional method of application by allowing the integration of new steps: pumping, expulsion and adhesion.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a smooth trowel (prior art).
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rough trowel (prior art).
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a concrete wall partially covered with mortar (prior art).
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing one preferred method of applying a concrete-based mortar to the exterior of a building or other structure.
  • FIG. 5 A is a side view of an exterior wall showing the application of a concrete-based mortar.
  • FIG. 5B is a side view of the exterior wall of FIG. 5 A showing the process of scraping the exterior wall with a rough trowel.
  • FIG. 5C is a side view of the exterior wall of FIG. 5B showing the exterior wall after completely scraping the exterior wall with the rough trowel.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic, close-up side view of a portion of the exterior wall of FIG. 5 A.
  • FIG. 6B is a schematic, close-up side view of a portion of the exterior wall of FIG. 5B.
  • FIG. 6C is a schematic, close-up side view of a portion of the exterior wall of FIG. 5C.
  • FIG. 7 is a hose and spray nozzle for pumping the mortar material to a desired location.
  • FIG. 8 shows the mortar exiting the spray nozzle of the hose.
  • FIG. 9 shows the mortar mixture applied to the wall surface at different stages of application.
  • FIGS. 10a- 10b show a transversal view of mortar applied on a wall surface.
  • FIG. 11 shows a transversal view of mortar applied on a ceiling surface.
  • FIGS. 12a-12b show a panoramic view of the mortar application to a ceiling.
  • FIG. 13 shows a panoramic view of a high-rise building where the mortar is pumped.
  • FIG. 14 is a table showing different types of cement.
  • FIG. 15 is a table showing several combinations of components and additives according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • an accelerant is any compound, mixture, substance, liquid, powder or process that reduces the drying time of a concrete- based material.
  • the accelerant BETTACEL, available from BETTOR MBT, S.A., is mixed with water. The properties of this particular product are set forth above.
  • the accelerant and water mixture is added to a concrete-based mortar.
  • concrete-based mortar is any compound having sand, aggregates and cement as components of the mortar.
  • PROPAM REVOC or REVAT RASPADO available from PROPAMSA, S. A., is used. The properties of these particular products are set forth above.
  • the accelerant and any other additives are included with the concrete-based mortar.
  • this mortar is then mixed with water. This method is particularly well suited for applications where the mortar is pre-mixed.
  • the resulting mixture is applied to the exterior or interior of a building or other structure.
  • the surface should be clean and free of any oils, dust, dirt, debris, etc., to aid the formation of a strong bond between the mixture and the building or other structure.
  • the mixture is applied with a smooth trowel 100 (shown in FIG. 1) in a layer that is approximately 1 cm thick. When applied to rough surfaces the thickness may vary somewhat. Preferably, however, the mixture is applied to a relatively smooth surface such as a flat block wall.
  • the resulting mixture can be sprayed upon the building.
  • the concrete mortar is mixed so that it can pass through a hose and a spray nozzle.
  • the mixture is made using various additives, which are described below.
  • the mortar is then sprayed or protected upon the surface of a building in relatively continuous beads. After this application, the beads are smoothed with a flat trowel.
  • the mixture is allowed to set so that a skin begins to form on the exterior of the mixture.
  • the mason(s) may continue to apply the mixture on other parts of the building.
  • the first application will have set and is ready to be scraped with the rough trowel 200 (shown in FIG. 2).
  • the subsequent application will have begun to set. Such areas may then be scraped with the rough trowel 200 as well.
  • the applied mixture is tested to determine whether it has sufficiently set so that it is ready to be scraped with the rough trowel 200.
  • the rough trowel 416 is briskly scraped against a small section of the mixture, in an inconspicuous area. If the mixture sticks to the spikes 212 of the rough trowel 416, then it is not dry yet and cannot be scraped.
  • the rough trowel 200 can pass across the applied mixture in a way that removes the exterior skin but does not stick to the spikes 212, then the applied mixture is dry and the area is completely scraped. This process effectively removes the excess cement mixture and creates a relatively smooth and even surface on the wall of a building since the rough trowel guides you to prevent uneven scraping of the wall.
  • the mixture is left to set for a time sufficient so that it will not stick to the rough trowel when the surface is scraped.
  • the rough trowel is used both to level and smooth the surface.
  • a reduction in dry time helps to improve the efficiency of the labor-intensive application process.
  • the shortened dry time helps to minimize the down time of a mason between the application and scraping steps. Without the shortened dry time, a mason might have to wait as the applied material sets. As the mixture is applied, it dries relatively quickly and the mason can then scrape the applied material. The resulting surface provides an attractive, even finish.
  • the preferred mixture consists of 2.5 kg of the above cement-based mortar, 400 grams of water, and 75 grams of the above accelerant. This mixture sets in approximately 2 hours to 2 hours and 15 minutes. Although further reductions in the dry time are possible, they can begin to cause other application problems.
  • a further reduction in dry time can cause the applied material to set completely before the mason has an opportunity to scrape the surface. This can make the scraping process much more difficult, if not impossible, in obtaining an attractive, even surface. It can also begin to crack because the faster it dries the higher the temperature of the concrete mixture. This high temperature causes it to crack, thus rendering it useless.
  • the concrete-based mortar REVAT RASPADO, the above accelerant, and water can also be mixed to obtain a similar dry time. Specifically, a mixture of 3 kg of this concrete-based mortar, 75 grams of the accelerant, and 600 grams of water provide the preferred characteristics.
  • the concrete-based mortar is sprayed on the surface of a building.
  • the mixture for this concrete-based mortar will depend upon the desired properties of the finished surface.
  • the preferred mixture is as follows: (kg/ton of (g/ton of
  • the White cement PB-42.5 may vary from 75 225 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • the sand may vary from 331.5 994.5 Kg/ton of mortar and the dust or filler may vary from 93.5 280 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • the preferred mixture is as follows:
  • the White cement PB-42.5 may vary from 75 225 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • the sand may vary from 310 931 Kg/ton of mortar and the dust or filler may vary from 93.5 280 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • the preferred mixture is as follows:
  • the White cement PB-42.5 may vary from 75 225 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • the sand may vary from 318 955 Kg/ton of mortar; the dust or filler may vary from 85 255 Kg/ton of mortar; and the aggregate may vary from 21 64.5 Kg/ton of mortar.
  • Reomix 924 is an aerating-plasticizing additive. Its main function is to aerate and its secondary function is water reduction and to increase adherence.
  • Reomix 740 is a hydrofuge agent. It acts as a hydrofuge impermeable to rain and improves adherence by cellulose.
  • Reomix 725 is an aerating-plasticizing additive. It acts as a water retainer and improves adherence by cellulose.
  • These compounds, namely Reomix 924, Reomix 740 and Reomix 725 are commercially available from BETTOR, MBT, whose contact information was supplied above. Alternatively, other hydrofuge additives and aerating-plasticizing additives may be used. These are commercially available from a variety of sources.
  • additives are used to obtain the desired properties for projecting, drying and scraping. These include water retainers, plastifiers, hydrofuges, accelerants, retardants and resins.
  • Water retainers include cellulose ethers, entonytes and septiolytes.
  • the cellulose ethers are used in projection mortars mainly in the form of methylcellulose (MC), methylhydroethylcellulose (MHEC) and methylhydroxipropylcellulose (MHPC) or mixed cellulose ethers.
  • MC methylcellulose
  • MHEC methylhydroethylcellulose
  • MHPC methylhydroxipropylcellulose
  • the power of water retention in types MC, MHEC and MHPC is determined by the grade of viscosity, size of the grain, time of dissolution, and temperature.
  • the plastifiers are based on lignosulphates, melamines, naphtalenes and carboxilates.
  • the Hydrofuges are based on materials that use as a base sodium oleates, cadmium stereates, zinc, siliconates or others.
  • the accelerants include calcic formiate.
  • the retardants include salts derived from citric acid.
  • the resins include vinyl acetate in rediffusable powders.
  • FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C the process of finishing a wall with spray-on one-coat mortar is further described.
  • FIG. 5A after spraying the one-coat mortar 500 on a wall 502 and smoothing with a flat trowel, the surface is still somewhat uneven.
  • the rough trowel 504 is touched against the surface to determine whether it has hardened sufficient to prevent sticking. When this is the case, the rough trowel is scraped in a circular motion about the surface.
  • FIG. 6A shows the one-coat mortar 500 after being sprayed and smoothed on a wall but before being scraped. It includes sand particles of the size and in the percentages used to make the one-coat mortar. Preferably, the one-coat mortar includes a fraction of relatively large particles, approximately 1 mm in diameter. These are shown as the largest dots in FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 6B shows the plane 600 along which the surface is leveled.
  • the rough trowel 504 scrapes the surface so that it becomes even along this plane 600. A number of the large particles will lie in this plane 600.
  • FIG. 6C shows the finished surface, which is flat and even.
  • the large particles along the plane 600 have been removed. This leaves small traces, or divots, where the large particles had been. These divots give the surface a pleasant appearance.
  • composition of one preferred mixture is specified by the following table:
  • the tolerance with respect to the diameter of particle extends up to the next larger sized particle.
  • particles as large as 0.99 mm in diameter are considered to be approximately 0.5 mm.
  • particles as small as large as 0.49 mm in diameter are considered to be approximately 0.25 mm.
  • the size of the larges particle, 1.0 mm extends up to approximately 1.5 mm.
  • the weight percentages preferably are within .+-.1% of the total weight or .+-.10% of the stated value, whichever is greater.
  • composition of two preferred mixtures are specified by the following tables:
  • composition of two preferred mixtures are specified by the following tables:
  • compositions provide a smooth and even surface and, at the same time, produce a pleasant appearance by the selective removal of the larger particles.
  • the remaining divots provide a unique surface character.
  • a composition can be sprayed on a surface (interior or exterior) of a structure.
  • this can be efficiently achieved by means of a composition with particular properties that allows not only easily pumping the composition through a hose and spraying it on a surface but also allows adhesion to said surface substantially immediately after being sprayed.
  • the composition is prepared by selectively mixing cement, sand and the following additives: water retainers, aerating agents, thickening agents and plastifiers.
  • Water retainers are used in the composition to control setting times and to maintain the composition wet over an extended period of time. This property is essential in the construction industry which generally requires extended working schedules. It is important to point out that the degree of retaining capacity given to the composition by the additive is determined by several factors including but not limited to: the amount and strength of the water retainer, the size of sand particles and the temperature at the time of mixing. Water retainers also add a lubricating characteristic and a slimy appearance to the composition.
  • Aerating agents produce air incorporation into the composition by means of relatively small bubbles of air that facilitates rotation and interaction among all the particles within the composition.
  • a bubbling appearance is given to the composition by the addition of aerating agents.
  • Thickening agents are generally used to achieve a better cohesion of components within the composition in order to provide better surface adherence and to substantially eliminate detachment of the composition from the surface.
  • Plastifiers are used to reduce the amount of water needed to knead the composition while maintaining fluency and the appropriate consistency without affecting the composition frictional resistance. Furthermore, there are instances where less or more water will be needed to achieve a desired application and the additives will play an important role by selectively interacting with cement at a chemical level.
  • All the additives within the composition become chemically active when mixed with water to provide the composition with the necessary properties to allow pumping, application and adhesion of said composition.
  • the interaction among all the additives allows the composition to be properly pumped.
  • the above-mentioned additives do not react with other additives so that additional properties can be obtained by adding new additives.
  • any coating mortar can be pumped by mixing the coating mortar with these additives and the appropriate mixtures of sand.
  • the coating mortar will change its appearance while in a wet state and the addition of water will cause that the composition becomes viscous and less dense.
  • the composition will have a bubbling, slimy look like whip cream.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 will be used to explained the invention.
  • FIG. 15 shows several combinations of components and/or additives according to the invention, wherein all the amounts are expressed in percentage by weight of the composition.
  • the table illustrates eight different combinations of components and/or additives along with particular amounts for each combination. However, it is important to point out that these combinations are selected to achieve specific results and that other combinations are encompassed by this invention to achieve different results.
  • the rows define the different combinations of components and/or additives according to the invention.
  • the columns define different proportions of sand in relation to the composition.
  • the last column of the table (Mix) defines for each combination the percentage by weight of each component and/or additive needed to provide a ready to use unit.
  • a ready to use unit would have cement in about 13.69% by weight of the composition; sand in about 86.20% by weight of the composition; retainer in about 0.10% by weight of the composition; and thickener in about 0.01% by weight of the composition.
  • a unit containing 100% of sand is mixed with a composition unit having the following adjusted amounts: cement in about 25.66% by weight of the composition; sand in about 74.14% by weight of the composition; retainer in about 0.19% by weight of the composition; and thickener in about 0.02% by weight of the composition.
  • the sand unit and the adjusted composition unit are selectively combined by mixing means to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
  • the lack of sand in the adjusted combination unit responds mainly to the fact that at this proportional level, there would not be enough proportional presence of cement compared to the proportional presence of sand, thus, reducing the chemical reactions between cement and the additives in the composition.
  • the percentage by weight of cement in the composition can increase by reducing the amount of sand achieving greater resistance by maximizing the chemical reactions between cement and the additives. It is important to point out that experimental results demonstrated that further combining seven sand units (1+7) and eight sand units (1+8) with.the same adjusted combination unit of (1+6) would still provide a composition having an average compressive strength above the minimum standard requirements of from about 545 psi to 761 psi.
  • the percentage by weight of at least one of the components present in the composition might need to be adjusted based on the type of use and/or the task at hand. For example, the percentage by weight of cement could be varied to achive specific pressure and/or resistance.
  • Optimal pumping of said composition through a hose is achieved by selectively combining and mixing said additives.
  • Water retainers are used to retain water particles within the coating mortar in order to delay hardening of said mortar.
  • said composition can be pumped through the hose to longer distances without premature hardening inside said hose and avoids warming due to chemical reactions associated with cement.
  • Typical distances achieved by the composition according to the invention are about 300 horizontal feet and from about 75 to about 200 vertical feet.
  • water retainers provide lubrication between the mortar and the interior of the hose during the pumping process and allow ease of rotation among particles.
  • plastifiers give the coating mortar more fluidity and a reduced tendency to segregate while allowing rotation among particles with a reduced amount of water for an optimal moisture property. In other words, an increased wetness is achieved with a reduced amount of water.
  • the use of plastifiers according to the invention allows maintaining the physical consistency of the composition while traveling inside the hose for the entire pumping process without the need of an excess of added water to increase fluidity. It also reduces frictional interaction not only between the composition and the hose but also between sand and cement particles. Typically, the addition of excessive water to increase mobility of the composition would result in a decreased composition consistency and/or resistency. Thus, at least one additive is used to avoid reducing the composition's resistance due to the use of excessive water.
  • aerating agents are used to add air into the composition by means of relatively small bubbles of air with a diameter typically between 0.01 mm and 1 mm with a substantially uniform distribution throughout the composition. This allows optimal rotation.
  • FIG. 7 shows a hose and spray nozzle for pumping the mortar material to a desired location. Optimal mortar flow along the hose is obtained due to interaction between the different particles that compose the mortar.
  • FIG.8 shows the mortar exiting the spray nozzle of the hose.
  • the trained worker applies the material on a continuous sideways horizontal movement until a portion of a wall surface is covered with the mortar mixture.
  • FIG. 9 shows the mortar mixture attached to the wall surface at different stages of application.
  • the wall surface is divided in several smaller areas and the mortar is applied on a continuous horizontal movement as previously discussed.
  • a trained worker removes the surface skin of an already set mortar mixture. After application of the mortar to the wall surface and after the material had set according to the desired finish; a trained worker evens the mortar material by working the surface skin with a trowel.
  • the desired finished surface is revealed after the surface skin is removed on its entirety.
  • FIGS.10a-10b show a transversal view of mortar applied on a wall surface.
  • the spray nozzle is held preferably at a distance dl of about O'-6" from the chosen wall surface.
  • the mortar mixture is applied to form a parallel material accumulation with a vertical width d2 of preferably about O'-4" in relation to the wall, as shown in FIG. 10a.
  • the preferred perpendicular accumulation thickness d3 is about O'-6" in relation to the wall, as shown in FIG. 10b. It is important to point out that the material accumulation width and/or thickness is directly dependent on the amount of time the hose remains static at a particular location while the material is being pumped.
  • FIG. 11 shows a transversal view of mortar applied on a ceiling surface.
  • the mortar mixture is applied to form a parallel material accumulation with a horizontal width d5 of preferably about O'-4" in relation to the wall.
  • the preferred perpendicular accumulation thickness d4 is about O'-4" in relation to the wall. It is important to point out that the material accumulation width and/or thickness is directly dependent on the amount of time the hose remains static at a particular location while the material is being pumped.
  • the present invention provides a composition with optimal gravity resistance in order to allow the mortar to settle on the ceiling without any detachments maintaining the integrity of the mortar during and after application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a table describing several cement types.
  • One important aspect of the invention relies in the fact that the inventive composition can be used with any type of cement. However, it is important to point out that the components, additives and/or amounts used in the composition might be at least in part dictated by the type of cement used. In other words, the quality of the cement used must be taken into consideration when selecting the type of additives along with their corresponding amounts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)

Abstract

Une composition est appliquée par pulvérisation ou projection de la composition résultante sur la surface d'une structure par projection. La composition est préparée en mélangeant de manière sélective du sable et du ciment avec au moins un additif, le sable ayant une répartition de diamètre de grain spécifique. La composition est préparée de manière à ce que, lorsqu'elle est mélangée avec l'eau, le pompage dudit mélange soit facilité, tout en permettant l'application par pulvérisation ou projection de la composition résultante sur la surface d'une structure par projection. La composition optimise le procédé traditionnel d'application en permettant l'intégration de nouvelles étapes : pompage, expulsion et adhérence.
PCT/US2008/084591 2007-12-10 2008-11-25 Matériau à base de béton et son procédé d'application Ceased WO2009076061A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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MX2010006334A MX2010006334A (es) 2007-12-10 2008-11-25 Material de cemento y metodo de aplicacion.

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US11/953,081 2007-12-10

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US6746717B2 (en) * 2000-12-05 2004-06-08 Ramirez De Arellano Eduardo Method of applying concrete-based material
CA2439660A1 (fr) * 2001-03-05 2002-09-12 James Hardie Research Pty. Limited Additif accelerateur et promoteur de resistance a base d'hydrate de silicate de calcium de basse densite pour produits cimentaires
US6547873B1 (en) * 2002-05-23 2003-04-15 Ramirez De Arellano Eduardo Concentrated one-coat mortar, method for making the same, and method for applying the same
JP2005022913A (ja) * 2003-07-01 2005-01-27 Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd モルタル又はコンクリート組成物

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WO2009076061A3 (fr) 2011-01-06
DOP2010000172A (es) 2010-11-15

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