WO2009077567A2 - Véhicule automobile électrique solaire - Google Patents
Véhicule automobile électrique solaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009077567A2 WO2009077567A2 PCT/EP2008/067767 EP2008067767W WO2009077567A2 WO 2009077567 A2 WO2009077567 A2 WO 2009077567A2 EP 2008067767 W EP2008067767 W EP 2008067767W WO 2009077567 A2 WO2009077567 A2 WO 2009077567A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- battery
- photovoltaic cells
- motor vehicle
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L8/00—Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
- B60L8/003—Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K16/00—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
- B60K2016/003—Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind solar power driven
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/90—Energy harvesting concepts as power supply for auxiliaries' energy consumption, e.g. photovoltaic sun-roof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a motor vehicle with electric propulsion equipped with at least one rechargeable battery for supplying the vehicle with electricity.
- the present invention relates more particularly to such a vehicle equipped with photovoltaic solar cells.
- Electrically propelled electric vehicles powered by rechargeable batteries since the nineteenth century are known. These vehicles have many advantages. In particular, they are noisy, do not emit exhaust, and in principle reduce our dependence on oil. The batteries of these vehicles must, however, be recharged. This operation is usually done from the power grid, either at home or by going to a charging station open to the public.
- batteries to power a car or other vehicle has some disadvantages. Indeed, to give sufficient autonomy to such an electric car, it is necessary to provide batteries with sufficient capacity to enable them to accumulate at least 20 kWh of electrical energy. Since traditional lead batteries can only accumulate about 40 Wh per kg, the need for a car to store such a large amount of energy implies an overweight of at least 500 kg. Li-ion batteries can accumulate about 5 times more energy per kg. However, at present, these batteries are extremely expensive.
- photovoltaic cells Also known electric cars with at least a portion of the body is covered with photovoltaic cells.
- the use of photovoltaic cells in principle makes it possible to remedy the drawbacks mentioned above with regard to cars powered by a rechargeable battery. Indeed, the additional electricity obtained thanks to the photovoltaic cells makes it possible to increase the autonomy between two refills of the batteries or, alternatively, to obtain the same autonomy with smaller batteries.
- solar electricity is energy that is renewable and clean.
- the total amount of electrical energy produced by 1 m2 of photovoltaic cells does not exceed, on average, 10 to 15 kWh per month. Under these conditions, to obtain a significant gain, it is necessary that the surface covered by the photovoltaic cells is the largest possible.
- the patent application WO 2007/059493 describes a motor vehicle equipped with a rechargeable battery and photovoltaic cell panels designed to charge the battery.
- This prior document proposes a configuration of solar panels to make the most of the available surface.
- the described vehicle comprises a first solar panel that covers the roof, a second solar panel covering the hood and a third folding solar panel, which is articulated with the first solar panel.
- the third panel is intended to be deployed on the windshield when the vehicle is parked.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art which have just been mentioned. It achieves this goal by providing an electrically powered car equipped with at least one rechargeable battery and according to claim 1.
- the transparent material of which the windshield is made includes a layer of transparent solar cells
- the surface of the windshield can be exploited for the production of solar electricity without compromising the visibility.
- the solar cells that cover the body follow the curves of the latter the presence of solar cells does not need to have adverse repercussions on the aerodynamics or aesthetics of the vehicle .
- the solar cells which cover the bodywork are of the combined optical-photovoltaic cells with high efficiency.
- These cells are hybrid structures that combine photovoltaic elements with optical elements designed to focus the light on the photovoltaic elements.
- These optical elements may in particular comprise convergent lenses.
- One advantage of combined solar cells of this type is that they can have a yield greater than 40 or even 50%.
- the batteries used are "high performance" batteries capable of accumulating at least 160 Wh per kg, and even preferably at least 200 Wh per kg.
- the weight of the car can be reduced. Under these conditions, electricity consumption is reduced as well. In addition, as the consumption is reduced, the share of electricity provided by solar cells increases in proportion.
- the effect of solar cells on the autonomy is further amplified.
- the batteries used are of a type that can be recharged very quickly. These batteries can be - AT -
- FIG. 1 is a side elevational view a solar electric car according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electrical power supply system for the synchronous motors fitted to the solar electric car of FIG. 1.
- the appearance of the motor vehicle shown in Figure 1 does not distinguish it from a normal car.
- the present invention is absolutely not limited to a vehicle having a particular shape, since the shape of the body of the vehicle can be any.
- the exterior of the bodywork has the particularity of being almost completely covered with photovoltaic cells.
- the photovoltaic cells are formed by deposition of thin layers of doped amorphous silicon on an opaque material constituting the core of the various elements of the bodywork. Once deposited, the silicon is still covered with a transparent protective layer.
- the individual photovoltaic cells are connected to electrical connectors arranged inside the bodywork. The connection between the cells and the connectors is preferably carried out by conductive tracks also deposited in the form of thin layers.
- the set of photovoltaic cells of the bodywork is preferably subdivided into a plurality of regions in which the cells share substantially the same orientation.
- the regions are five in number. Namely: the roof region 15, the hood region 16, the rear region 17, the left lateral region 18, and finally the right lateral region 19 (not shown in Figure 1). All cells in the same region are interconnected.
- the solar cells which cover the bodywork are of the high-efficiency optical-photovoltaic combined cell type.
- Solar cells of this type are generally formed of several layers of semi-conductors formed one on the other. The formation of such stacks amounts to constituting superimposed multiple junctions. We therefore speak of this type of cell as photovoltaic cells with multiple junctions.
- the different layers forming a photovoltaic cell are chosen so that each junction absorbs the light in a different band of the spectrum.
- the layers are ordered so that, for example, the strongest photons are absorbed by the upper layers and the less energetic photons by the lower layers.
- a network of optical concentrators is also placed in front of the network formed by the multiple junction cells.
- the focal length of the optical concentrators depends on the wavelength of the light.
- the different bands of the spectrum can be concentrated respectively on the different junctions of the multilayer photovoltaic cell.
- Such multijunction photovoltaic cells can have a much higher efficiency than that of a traditional photovoltaic cell.
- the windows of the car are also equipped with transparent photovoltaic cells.
- Photovoltaic cells that can be incorporated in the windshield and the other glass of a vehicle are described in particular in the article "Titania solar cells: new photovoltaic technology”. published in the journal “Renewable Energy” Volume 22 (2001), Pages 303-309.
- all the photovoltaic cells of the windows are preferably subdivided into a plurality of regions in which the cells share substantially the same orientation. Namely: the windshield 1 1, the rear window 12, the left side windows 13, and the right side windows 14 (not shown in Figure 1).
- the cells of the same region are interconnected using transparent conductive films.
- Photovoltaic cells are known to be generators whose characteristic is strongly nonlinear. In other words, for the same illumination, the power delivered will be different depending on the load connected.
- the photovoltaic cells are connected region by region to an automatic device for searching for the maximum power point 5, commonly known as MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker).
- MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracker
- the MPPT 5 operates as a DC to DC converter that automatically optimizes the load connected to each photovoltaic cell region so that the cells continuously provide the maximum available power. From the MPPT 5, the electricity can be directed to the battery 3 so as to charge it, or directly to the electric motors 7 via an inverter 9.
- the controller with which the MPPT 5 is equipped also controls the load connected to the battery 3.
- the electric motor 7 can also function as a generator. This feature also allows the engine to be used for regenerative braking. During a regenerative braking, the motor 7 goes into generator mode and uses the electrical energy produced by the braking of the vehicle to recharge the battery 3. Precisions that the element referenced 9 in Figure 2, which normally performs the function of Inverter according to what has already been mentioned, operates as a rectifier during braking. Thus the alternating current produced during the regenerative braking is converted into a direct current adapted to recharge the battery 3. It should also be noted that a braking system of the traditional type is provided additionally to reinforce braking in an emergency.
- the battery 3 is a battery capable of storing a high energy density. It may be for example a battery or a group of Lithium ion batteries for storing at least 160 Wh (or even 200 Wh) per kg of battery. Thanks to this characteristic, it is possible to store 24 kWh (or even 30 kWh) of energy in a group of batteries whose total weight does not exceed 150 kg. Thus, the overweight caused by the presence of batteries in the car is limited and contributes only slightly to reduce the autonomy of the vehicle. It must be pointed out that the weight just mentioned does not include the battery cooling system.
- the battery or the batteries are batteries that can be recharged up to 80% of their capacity in less than 10 minutes.
- the use of such batteries can be recharged quickly makes it possible to recharge during the journey. Indeed, a stop of the order of ten minutes in a charging station should be considered as an inconvenience acceptable by users.
- the battery or batteries are batteries that can be recharged up to 80% of their capacity in 1 minutes at most. Although not yet available on the market, such batteries should be coming soon. Indeed, the Toshiba company announces for 2008 a Lithium ion battery that can be loaded at 80% in one minute. It will be understood that according to this variant, the possibility also exists to charge the battery or the batteries much more slowly when the electric power available is limited. This option is useful when charging at home where power is limited, but the time available relatively long.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202008017849U DE202008017849U1 (de) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-17 | Solar-Elektrokraftfahrzeug |
| JP2010600054U JP3165480U (ja) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-17 | 太陽電池自動車 |
| US12/809,493 US20110297459A1 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-17 | Solar powered electric motor vehicle |
| CN2008901002572U CN202115372U (zh) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-17 | 太阳能电动汽车 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH01975/07 | 2007-12-18 | ||
| CH01975/07A CH705211B1 (fr) | 2007-12-18 | 2007-12-18 | Véhicule automobile électrique solaire. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009077567A2 true WO2009077567A2 (fr) | 2009-06-25 |
| WO2009077567A3 WO2009077567A3 (fr) | 2010-01-07 |
Family
ID=40546071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/067767 Ceased WO2009077567A2 (fr) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-12-17 | Véhicule automobile électrique solaire |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110297459A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP3165480U (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN202115372U (fr) |
| CH (1) | CH705211B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE202008017849U1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2009077567A2 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102815193A (zh) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-12 | 朱淑怡 | 一种混合动力汽车 |
| EP3231648A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-16 | 2017-10-18 | MAN Truck & Bus AG | Véhicule, en particulier véhicule utilitaire, équipé d'une installation de production d'énergie |
| IT201900001989A1 (it) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-12 | Giorgio Stimamiglio | Sistema per l’alimentazione e la ricarica di veicoli mediante energie rinnovabili e veicolo comprendente il sistema |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104827918A (zh) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-12 | 洪莲 | 一种太阳能全覆盖高隔热性能的电动汽车 |
| US20170057367A1 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2017-03-02 | Faraday&Future Inc. | Solar Windows for Electric Automobiles |
| CN106476731B (zh) * | 2016-11-09 | 2019-01-18 | 山东国金汽车制造有限公司 | 一种太阳能车顶 |
| US10457148B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-10-29 | Epic Battery Inc. | Solar car |
| WO2018187384A1 (fr) | 2017-04-03 | 2018-10-11 | Epic Battery Inc. | Batterie solaire modulaire |
| WO2018191756A2 (fr) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-10-18 | Epic Battery Inc. | Voiture solaire |
| CN107379973A (zh) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-11-24 | 日照职业技术学院 | 用于电动汽车的光伏供电系统 |
| US20190077254A1 (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-14 | II Robert E. Stanley | Renewable energy powering system |
| DE102018010266A1 (de) * | 2018-02-08 | 2019-08-08 | Christian Niestolik | Stromproduzierende & Raumkühlende Elemente für Gebäude und Fahrzeuge aller Art |
| GB2577482A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-04-01 | Barry Jonathan | Integral solar panels for vehicles |
| US11489082B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2022-11-01 | Epic Battery Inc. | Durable solar panels |
| DE102020106705B4 (de) | 2020-03-11 | 2023-08-24 | Motherson Innovations Company Limited | Kraftfahrzeug mit Rückblicksystem mit steuerbarem Reflexionsgrad eines Innenrückspiegels |
| DE102020116295B4 (de) | 2020-06-19 | 2022-03-17 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Energieerzeugende Verscheibung für ein Automobil |
| DE102021112862A1 (de) | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Front- und einer Heckscheibe |
| IL287495A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-05-01 | MAZIG Amir | Renewable energy system with integrated solar panels |
| US20230173928A1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-08 | George F. White, III | Photovoltaic Charging System for an Electric Vehicle Internal Battery |
| CN118457251A (zh) * | 2024-05-31 | 2024-08-09 | 江苏天合蓝途新能源科技有限公司 | 具有光伏电池的汽车及其制备方法 |
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| US7301215B2 (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2007-11-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photovoltaic device |
| US7635600B2 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2009-12-22 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Photovoltaic structure with a conductive nanowire array electrode |
| US20070107768A1 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-17 | Romana Jagjit S | Solar Power System |
| US20070125417A1 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-07 | Solar Electrical Vehicle, Inc. | Solar energy system for hybrid vehicles |
| US7445275B2 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2008-11-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Solar panel configuration for vehicles |
| US8997901B2 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2015-04-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicular body panel energy generator system |
| US8222518B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2012-07-17 | Kelly Thomas L | Photovoltaic roofing panel |
| ITBA20070039A1 (it) * | 2007-04-24 | 2008-10-25 | Michele Straziota | Motoveicolo munito di superfici di copertura e carenatura a geometria variabile per la captazione di energia fotovoltaica per la sua trazione elettrica |
| US7597388B1 (en) * | 2008-07-02 | 2009-10-06 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Electric charging roof on an automobile |
-
2007
- 2007-12-18 CH CH01975/07A patent/CH705211B1/fr unknown
-
2008
- 2008-12-17 DE DE202008017849U patent/DE202008017849U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2008-12-17 JP JP2010600054U patent/JP3165480U/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2008-12-17 WO PCT/EP2008/067767 patent/WO2009077567A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2008-12-17 CN CN2008901002572U patent/CN202115372U/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2008-12-17 US US12/809,493 patent/US20110297459A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102815193A (zh) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-12 | 朱淑怡 | 一种混合动力汽车 |
| EP3231648A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-16 | 2017-10-18 | MAN Truck & Bus AG | Véhicule, en particulier véhicule utilitaire, équipé d'une installation de production d'énergie |
| IT201900001989A1 (it) * | 2019-02-12 | 2020-08-12 | Giorgio Stimamiglio | Sistema per l’alimentazione e la ricarica di veicoli mediante energie rinnovabili e veicolo comprendente il sistema |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH705211B1 (fr) | 2013-01-15 |
| DE202008017849U1 (de) | 2010-09-23 |
| US20110297459A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| JP3165480U (ja) | 2011-01-27 |
| CN202115372U (zh) | 2012-01-18 |
| WO2009077567A3 (fr) | 2010-01-07 |
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