WO2009084859A2 - Procédé d'estimation d'un différentiel de temps pour des services basés sur la position dans un réseau cellulaire - Google Patents

Procédé d'estimation d'un différentiel de temps pour des services basés sur la position dans un réseau cellulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009084859A2
WO2009084859A2 PCT/KR2008/007662 KR2008007662W WO2009084859A2 WO 2009084859 A2 WO2009084859 A2 WO 2009084859A2 KR 2008007662 W KR2008007662 W KR 2008007662W WO 2009084859 A2 WO2009084859 A2 WO 2009084859A2
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Prior art keywords
serving
terminal
positioning
location
denotes
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Ceased
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PCT/KR2008/007662
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English (en)
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WO2009084859A3 (fr
Inventor
Zongchuang Liang
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2009084859A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009084859A2/fr
Publication of WO2009084859A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009084859A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/021—Calibration, monitoring or correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0257—Hybrid positioning
    • G01S5/0258—Hybrid positioning by combining or switching between measurements derived from different systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mobile communication, in particular to an improved time difference estimation method for location based services in a cellular network.
  • the main reason includes compulsory requirements from governments and market- driven demands.
  • FCC issued the wireless E-911 emergency call service function in October, 1996.
  • the key requirement of the function is that all mobile communication networks shall offer longitude and latitude location information on a user who calls in emergency on a phase-wise basis.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example of architecture of a wireless positioning system.
  • a location based service provider provides subscribers with location information and location sensing service. Once a subscriber requests to obtain location information of some mobile station (MS, hereafter, MS is also referred to as terminal), the location based service provider first communicates with a location control center and queries for the MS' s location coordinates.
  • the subscriber may be a business user who hopes to keep track of some mobile device, or may be a PSAP (Public Safety Answering Point) which attempts to answer an E-911 call.
  • PSAP Public Safety Answering Point
  • the necessary information may be parameters such as the received signal's intensity, BS ID, signal's TOA, etc.
  • a series of BSs can be utilized to paging the MS and thus directly or indirectly obtain positioning parameters.
  • the location control center can determine the MS's location with certain precision and feed back this information to the location based service provider. Then the service provider displays the MS's location visually using the information.
  • the process of positioning an MS in a wireless positioning system is estimating the target MS's geometrical location by detecting the characteristic parameters of the signals transmitted between the MS and several stationary transceivers.
  • solutions of positioning an MS can be classified into two categories, one being Terminal based, and the other being network based.
  • Terminal based positioning system This type of positioning system is also called
  • MS self-positioning system It is also called forward link positioning system in a cellular network.
  • the positioning process is implemented in such a manner that the MS determines the geometrical location relationship between itself and respective transmitters of known locations according to the characteristic information about the MS's location carried on the signals received from these transmitters, then the MS estimates its own location with some relevant algorithm, the estimated location information is under the control of the MS's subscriber.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • This category of positioning system is also called inverse link positioning system.
  • the positioning process is implemented in such a manner that several location-fixed receivers simultaneously detect a signal transmitted from an MS and transfer the characteristic information on MS location carried in the received signal to an information processing center for estimation of the MS' s location.
  • the auto- vehicle location (AVL) system belongs to this category of positioning system.
  • MS (1) positioning technique based on electric wave field intensity; (2) positioning technique based on angle of arrival (AOA) of electric wave; (3) positioning technique based on time of arrival (TOA) or time difference of arrival (TDOA) of electric wave; (4) hybrid positioning technique.
  • AOA angle of arrival
  • TOA time of arrival
  • TDOA time difference of arrival
  • distance between a receiver and a transmitter can be estimated by measuring the field intensity of the received signal, the known model of channel fading and the field intensity of the transmission signal, according to the fact that the intensity of the signal received by an MS is inversely proportional to the distance between the MS and a BS. And by several distance measurements (at least three), the MS' s location can be estimated.
  • the key of this technique is how to model the radio wave propagation process to accurately reflect the service propagation range. This is very difficult to implement in practice. Besides, positioning precision may be affected by such factors as the cell BS' s sector characteristic, possible antenna tilting, constant adjustment of wireless system, geographic environment, vehicles and so on.
  • This technique is limited in positioning precision because that the propagation of electric wave in a mobile communication environment is very complicated. But it is simple to implement. In the case of less precision, it can be adopted. To improve its performance, research is launched that ray tracking method in electric wave propagation is used to further improve the positioning precision.
  • MS' s location by measuring the AOA (angle of arrival) of received signals, as illustrated in figure 2.
  • AOA positioning method a unique two-dimensional location point can be determined.
  • the MS transmits a signal, and BSl receives it. In this way, a line between BS and
  • MS can be obtained.
  • BS2 receives the signal from the MS.
  • another line between BS2 and MS can be obtained.
  • the two lines intersect to generate a positioning angle.
  • the coordinate positions of BSl and BS2 are known. With the North direction being the reference direction, +0-+360 degrees clockwise and-0— 360 degrees counter- clockwise, a determined triangular relation can be obtained with the three vertices MS, BSl and BS2.
  • SA AOA
  • This technique is most widely applied in the cellular network-based wireless positioning system.
  • the time taken by a signal in its propagation directly from the target MS to the BS is measured first, then according to the velocity the electro-magnetic wave propagates in the air, we can calculate the distance between the target MS and the BS. That is, the MS locates on a circle with the BS being the center and the distance between the MS and the BS being the radius. With the measurements and calculations by several BSs, the MS's two-dimensional location can be determined by the cross points of three circles.
  • the TDOA technique is put forward. It is implemented according to the difference between the times taken by a signal in its propagation from MS to two BSs, instead of the absolute time. In this way, requirement on time synchronization is greatly reduced. As shown in figure 3, it is obvious that the MS is certainly located on a hyperbola with the two BSs as its focuses. Therefore, by establishing more than two hyperbola equations, we can obtain the MS's two-dimensional location by finding the cross point of the hyperbola.
  • This technique simultaneously applies different types of signal characteristic measurements like TOA, AOA, etc. in positioning estimation.
  • the MS' s location can be determined according to the TOA and AOA data measured by the serving BS.
  • line-of-sight (LOS) propagation of electro-magnetic wave must be well performed between a receiver and a transmitter.
  • LOS line-of-sight propagation of electro-magnetic wave
  • the one based on electric wave field intensity is the most simple but of less positioning precision
  • AOA positioning technique has higher precision but with complicated receiving equipment
  • TOA positioning technique has higher precision but has strict requirement on time synchronization
  • TDOA positioning technique can remove the dependency on time baseline so that costs can be reduced on the premise of keeping higher location precision
  • the hybrid positioning technique has higher location precision but large-scale modifications on network equipments in existing cellular systems.
  • phase ranging method pulse ranging method
  • spectrum spread ranging method is often used in a CDMA cellular system.
  • two kinds of spectrum spread ranging methods are adopted in a CDMA system, one of which is called coarse time detection method using a sliding correlator or a matching filter.
  • the coarse detecting process is realized by a sliding correlator, a matching filter or a continuous detection circuit.
  • the delay estimation value is confined within one chip interval.
  • the other method is called fine detection method using delay phase locked loop (DLL).
  • DLL delay phase locked loop
  • the predominant technical constraint is the limit on the number of BSs that participate in the positioning process.
  • This positioning technique requires more than three BSs to participate in the positioning process.
  • reception of LOS signals may be failed because of blocking problem from many buildings. More seriously, when an MS approaches a serving BS, other non-serving BSs have difficulty in receiving the positioning measurement signal from the MS, or the MS has difficulty in receiving signals from the other non-serving BSs.
  • Table 1 lists the statistic data of the number of BSs participating in an MS positioning process in all kinds of conditions. The statistic data indicates that the possibility of three or more BSs simultaneously keeping in touch with an MS in countryside or suburb is small even with the measurement carried along the diameter of the range.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved Time-Difference estimation method for Location based services in a cellular-based network.
  • Location based services in a cellular-based network comprises:
  • [32] a) estimating, by a terminal, the received power of a serving base station BS and the received power of other adjacent non-serving BSs, dividing the serving sector of the serving BS into a plurality of areas according to the estimation values;
  • Figure 1 shows the architecture of a wireless positioning system
  • Figure 2 illustrates the principle of AOA positioning method
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the operation principle of T-DOA and E-OTD methods
  • Figure 4 illustrates the relationship between the magnitude of a received signal and parameter estimation precision
  • Figure 6 shows the composition of the solution proposed in the present invention
  • Figure 7 illustrates a flow chart of terminal (MS) -based E-OTD method
  • Figure 8 illustrates a flow chart of terminal (MS) -based -based sector information method
  • Figure 9 illustrates a flow chart of network-based T-DOA method
  • Figure 10 illustrates a flow chart of network-based sector information method.
  • the terminal first estimates the received power of a serving base station (BS) and the received power of other adjacent non-serving BSs. Then according to the estimation, the terminal divides the serving sector of the serving BS into area 1, area 2, area 3 and area 4, as shown in figure 5.
  • BS serving base station
  • the terminal divides the serving sector of the serving BS into area 1, area 2, area 3 and area 4, as shown in figure 5.
  • the terminal first calculates the power levels of specified sectors of three adjacent BSs:
  • [55] 702 The terminal sends this information to a location server via the serving BS.
  • the terminal user implements such measurement by certain signal manner and reports the measurements to the terminal's serving BS.
  • the information to be reported includes the power levels of relevant BSs (for the user to fulfill functions like switching, etc.) and the parameter T (for the user system to make further determination).
  • [57] 703 The location server judges whether the parameter T is greater than a threshold or not (black bold solid line in figure 4 indicates the threshold):
  • [61] 705 The terminal estimates the power levels of adjacent sectors of the serving BS in the following manner
  • the terminal reports these parameters to the system. And the system determines which of the areas 2, 3 and 4 the user is located in. [66] 706: The system determines the specific area in which the terminal user is located according to the reported parameters. [67] Details on the method are if
  • ⁇ denotes the threshold
  • the system determines that the terminal user is in area 3.
  • the average location in area 3 is used by the system as the terminal user's location information; else the system determines that the terminal user is in area 4.
  • the average location in area 4 is used by the system as the terminal user's location information.
  • the terminal user implements such measurement with certain signal manner and reports the measurements to the terminal's serving BS.
  • the information to be reported includes the power levels of relevant BSs (for the user to perform functions like switching, etc.) and parameters Tl and T2 (for next judgment made by the user).
  • Signaling 1 the terminal (MS) sends out a positioning request and reports necessary information to the serving sector of the serving BS according to steps 701 and 702.
  • Signaling 2 the serving BS forwards the request and relevant information to the location server at the network side.
  • Signaling 3 the system informs the BSs relevant to the terminal user to prepare to transmit relevant measurement signals like Preamble or Pilot information in an OFDM system or PN sequence in a CDMA system.
  • Signaling 4 the serving BS sends service acknowledgement (ACK) information to the terminal user.
  • ACK service acknowledgement
  • Signaling 5 the relevant BSs transmit corresponding measurement signals for reception by the terminal user.
  • the terminal calculates its own location information.
  • Signaling 3 the location server in the system feeds the information back to the serving BS.
  • Signaling 4 the serving BS forwards the information to the terminal user.
  • the terminal user intercepts information on adjacent sectors of the serving BS to determine more detailed location information of the terminal user. Detailed determination process is illustrated in steps 705-706 in figure 6.
  • Signaling 3 the system informs the BSs relevant to the terminal user to prepare to transmit measurement signals like Preamble or Pilot information in an OFDM system, or PN sequence in a CDMA system.
  • Signaling 4 the serving BS sends service ACK information to the terminal user.
  • Signaling 6 the relevant BSs perform time measurement after they receive the relevant measurement signal, and feed the measurements back to the system's location server.
  • the system calculates the location information of the terminal user.
  • Signaling 4 the serving BS forwards the information to the terminal user.
  • the terminal user intercepts information on adjacent sectors of the serving BS to determine more detailed location information of the terminal user. Detailed determination process is illustrated in steps 705-706 in figure 6.
  • Signaling 5 the terminal user reports the information to the serving BS.
  • Signaling 6 the serving BS forwards the information to the location server in the system.
  • the location server determines the final location information of the terminal user according to the information.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé d'estimation d'un différentiel de temps pour des services basés sur la position dans un réseau cellulaire, qui comprend les opérations suivantes: estimation, par un terminal, de la puissance reçue par une station de base desservante et de la puissance reçue par d'autres stations de base adjacentes non desservantes; division du secteur de desserte de la station desservante en une pluralité de zones en fonction de valeurs d'estimation; calcul par le terminal d'un paramètre comparé T et envoi de ce paramètre comparé T à un serveur de localisation via la station desservante; détermination, par le serveur de position, si le paramètre comparé T est supérieur ou non à un seuil et, dans l'affirmative, estimation par le terminal des niveaux de puissance des secteurs adjacents à la station de base desservante et communication de ces paramètres au système; détermination, par le système et selon lesdits paramètres, d'une zone spécifique de la station de base desservante dont le terminal se trouve proche; calcul, par le système ou par le terminal, d'informations de localisation utilisateur. Avec la présente invention, il est possible de compenser les insuffisances de procédés basés sur T-DOA et E-OTD et d'améliorer ainsi la précision de localisation d'un utilisateur situé à proximité de la station de base desservante.
PCT/KR2008/007662 2007-12-28 2008-12-24 Procédé d'estimation d'un différentiel de temps pour des services basés sur la position dans un réseau cellulaire Ceased WO2009084859A2 (fr)

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CN200710307830.9 2007-12-28
CNA2007103078309A CN101472330A (zh) 2007-12-28 2007-12-28 基于时间差定位的传输同步方法

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WO2009084859A3 WO2009084859A3 (fr) 2009-09-17

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CN103188791A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 华为终端有限公司 一种定位方法、客户端及定位系统
US9591605B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2017-03-07 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for supporting positioning measurements
CN110146842A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-20 哈尔滨工业大学 基于欠采样的信号载频与二维doa参数估计方法
WO2022087998A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室 Procédé, système et dispositif de positionnement et de suivi d'un terminal de communication, et support d'enregistrement lisible

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CN102098716B (zh) * 2009-12-10 2014-07-09 华为技术有限公司 检测基站失步的方法和装置
WO2011100859A1 (fr) 2010-02-19 2011-08-25 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Améliorations sur la récupération et le mise à jour d'informations de positionnement et de synchronisation de la différence otdoa et du système agnss
CN102142889A (zh) * 2011-03-11 2011-08-03 无锡物联网产业研究院 一种多基站协同接收方法和通信系统
CN102857862A (zh) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-02 上海无线电设备研究所 一种车辆与人员远程定位应急管理系统的实现方法
CN103476112B (zh) * 2013-08-29 2016-08-31 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种移动终端定位方法和基站
EP3535599B1 (fr) * 2016-11-01 2020-12-02 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Fourniture d'une précision estimée de la synchronisation de station mobile et du décalage de transmission de station mobile au réseau
CN111034244B (zh) * 2017-06-14 2024-07-16 弗劳恩霍夫应用研究促进协会 用于改善位置估计的装置、系统和方法
CN109392089B (zh) 2017-08-11 2021-10-22 华为技术有限公司 用于定位的方法和装置
CN112305498A (zh) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-02 成都信息工程大学 一种异构tdoa定位系统
CN115278876B (zh) * 2022-09-19 2022-12-09 四川创智联恒科技有限公司 一种在5g网络和uwb共同定位的方法
CN116611502A (zh) * 2023-05-15 2023-08-18 三峡大学 一种基于参数选择和预同步的加速联邦学习方法

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US9591605B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2017-03-07 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for supporting positioning measurements
US10064156B2 (en) 2009-08-13 2018-08-28 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for supporting positioning measurements
CN103188791A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 华为终端有限公司 一种定位方法、客户端及定位系统
CN103188791B (zh) * 2011-12-28 2016-07-13 华为终端有限公司 一种定位方法、客户端及定位系统
US9584972B2 (en) 2011-12-28 2017-02-28 Huawei Device Co., Ltd. Positioning method, client and positioning system
CN110146842A (zh) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-20 哈尔滨工业大学 基于欠采样的信号载频与二维doa参数估计方法
WO2022087998A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 网络通信与安全紫金山实验室 Procédé, système et dispositif de positionnement et de suivi d'un terminal de communication, et support d'enregistrement lisible

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WO2009084859A3 (fr) 2009-09-17

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