WO2009087584A1 - Dispositif de sortie lumineuse à éléments de réfraction commutables - Google Patents

Dispositif de sortie lumineuse à éléments de réfraction commutables Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009087584A1
WO2009087584A1 PCT/IB2009/050007 IB2009050007W WO2009087584A1 WO 2009087584 A1 WO2009087584 A1 WO 2009087584A1 IB 2009050007 W IB2009050007 W IB 2009050007W WO 2009087584 A1 WO2009087584 A1 WO 2009087584A1
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Prior art keywords
light
light source
insulating layer
refractive index
liquid crystal
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Ceased
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PCT/IB2009/050007
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English (en)
Inventor
Rifat A. M. Hikmet
Ties Van Bommel
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Publication of WO2009087584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009087584A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • F21V14/003—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by interposition of elements with electrically controlled variable light transmissivity, e.g. liquid crystal elements or electrochromic devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10541—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing comprising a light source or a light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10706—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer being photo-polymerized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/13—Materials and properties photorefractive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
    • H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H10H20/80—Constructional details
    • H10H20/85—Packages
    • H10H20/852—Encapsulations
    • H10H20/854—Encapsulations characterised by their material, e.g. epoxy or silicone resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
    • H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H10H20/80—Constructional details
    • H10H20/85—Packages
    • H10H20/855—Optical field-shaping means, e.g. lenses

Definitions

  • This invention relates to light output devices, particularly but not exclusively using discrete light sources associated with a transparent substrate structure.
  • LED in glass One known example of this type of light output device is a so-called "LED in glass” device.
  • An example is shown in Figure 1.
  • a glass plate is used, with a transparent conductive coating (for example ITO) forming electrodes.
  • the conductive coating is patterned in order to make the electrodes that are connected to a semiconductor LED device.
  • the assembly is completed by laminating the glass, with the LEDs inside a thermoplastic layer (for example polyvinyl butyral, PVB) or organic resin layer.
  • a thermoplastic layer for example polyvinyl butyral, PVB
  • the light output device can be used for illumination of other objects, for display of an image, or simply for decorative purposes.
  • Top emitting LEDs can be used, and these have a spot light source output.
  • Side emitting LEDs can also be used, the light output then being coupled to the output from scattering centres in the resin.
  • a light output device comprising: a substrate arrangement comprising first and second substrates; an insulating layer arrangement between the substrates; and - at least one light source within the substrate arrangement, with the light output passing into the insulating layer arrangement, wherein the insulating layer arrangement has portions of different refractive index in the vicinity of the light source, thereby defining an optical output function for the light output of the light source.
  • This arrangement uses the insulating layer between the substrates as an optical output device, to provide a desired optical output function.
  • the device preferably further comprises an electrode arrangement provided within the substrate arrangement and comprising at least semi-transparent electrodes, wherein the at least one light source is electrically driven by the electrodes.
  • an electrode arrangement provided within the substrate arrangement and comprising at least semi-transparent electrodes, wherein the at least one light source is electrically driven by the electrodes.
  • the optical function can comprise: - a lens function, or an increased optical output at selected regions in the vicinity of the light source compared to other regions in the vicinity of the light source (i.e. a function of changing the output shapes), or a light output direction from the light source.
  • the insulating layer comprises a photo refractive resin.
  • the insulating layer comprises a liquid crystal element, which is switchable between a light redirection mode, in which the insulating layer has refractive index variations, and a transparent mode, in which the insulating layer has uniform refractive index and does not perform a light redirection function.
  • the light redirection mode may be induced by applying an electric field. This enables the output function to be switchable.
  • the liquid crystal element can for example define a graded refractive index lens element in the vicinity of the light source.
  • the liquid crystal element comprises a switchable liquid crystal portion and a non-switchable replica portion.
  • the switchable portion enables a changeable refractive index boundary to be defined between the switchable portion and the replica portion.
  • the liquid crystal element comprises a liquid crystal gel which can be switched to the light redirection mode.
  • the gel can have different sections which switch to the light redirection mode at a different voltage.
  • Each light source can comprise an LED device or a group of LED devices.
  • the invention also provides a method of manufacturing a light output device, comprising: providing a substrate arrangement comprising first and second substrates with a photo refractive resin layer between the substrates and at least one light source within the substrate arrangement embedded in the photo refractive resin layer; and photo activating the photo refractive resin layer to define portions of different refractive index within the photo refractive resin layer in the vicinity of the light source, thereby defining an optical output function for the light output of the light source.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a known LED in glass illumination device
  • Figure 2 schematically shows an example of the structure of the device of Figure 1;
  • Figures 3 A and 3B schematically show how illumination can be focused to cause refractive index changes in a method of the invention
  • Figures 4A and 4B compare the optical output of a conventional device with a first example of device of the invention;
  • Figures 5 to 10 schematically show different optical output effects that can be obtained using the device of the invention;
  • Figures 1 IA and 1 IB schematically show the optical output of a second example of device of the invention in two different modes of operation
  • Figures 12A and 12B schematically show the optical output of a third example of device of the invention in the two different modes of operation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a known LED in glass structure.
  • the light output device comprises glass plates 1 and 2. Between the glass plates are (semi-) transparent electrodes 3 a and 3b (for example formed using ITO or thin conductive wires), and an LED 4 connected to the transparent electrodes 3 a and 3b.
  • a layer of insulating material 5 is provided between glass plates 1 and 2 (conventionally PVB or UV resin). When transparent electrodes are used, they are not visible to the viewer, and they do not introduce non-uniformities to the light output.
  • the electrodes are preferably substantially transparent, by which is meant that they are imperceptible to a viewer in normal use of the device. If the conductor arrangement does not introduce a noticeable variation in light transmission (for example because it is not patterned, or because the pattern cannot be seen), a transparency of greater than or equal to 50% may be sufficient for the system to appear transparent. More preferably, the transparency is greater than 70%, more preferably 90%, and even more preferably 99%. If the conductor arrangement is patterned (for example because thin wires are used), the transparency is preferably greater than 80%, more preferably 90%, but most preferably greater than 99%.
  • the electrodes can be made of a transparent material such as ITO or they can be made of an opaque material such as copper but be sufficiently thin so that they are not visible in normal use. Examples of suitable materials are disclosed in US-A-5 218 351.
  • a particularly useful opaque conductive material may be a conductive ink deposited using silkscreen or inkjet printing, because this allows the conductor arrangement to be deposited in a cost-effective manner.
  • the glass plates typically may have a thickness of 1. lmm - 2.1 mm.
  • the spacing between electrode is typically 0.01 - 3 mm, for example around 0.15 mm.
  • the thermoplastic layer has a thickness of 0.5mm- 2mm, and the electrical resistance of the electrodes is in the range 1 - 80 Ohm, or 1-50 Ohm or more preferably 2-20 Ohm, or 10-30 Ohms/square.
  • the invention provides an insulating layer which has portions each having different refractive index to provide an optical output function for the light output of the light source.
  • Figure 3A shows a single focused beam used to photo-induce the refractive index change in the insulating layer 5
  • Figure 3 B shows the interference of two or more laser beams within the layer 5 leading to intensity fluctuations which in turn induce refractive index fluctuations.
  • Figures 3 A and 3B thus show two different ways of inducing refractive index change, one of which uses focusing of a single beam, and the other of which uses interference between two beams.
  • a first example uses a refractive index profile to define a lens function, so that the beam paths change from those shown in Figure 4 A to those shown in Figure 4B. The output is more collimated and there is less light loss through total internal reflection with the surface of the top substrate.
  • the insulating layer 5 has portions 6 with a certain refractive index profile in the vicinity of the light source 4.
  • the refractive index profile may be in the form of a refractive index gradient along the thickness of the layer or it may be in the form of a phase grating in the plane of the layer giving rise to a diffractive lens working function.
  • the lens function effectively changes the size of the output spot, but it can also be used to change the light output direction.
  • the distribution of light within the device can also be optimised.
  • the device of Figure 4B again uses a substrate arrangement with first and second substrates 1,2, with an array of LEDs 4.
  • the electrode arrangement is not shown in Figure 4B to make the diagrams simpler.
  • Partially cured or uncured photo curable resins such as acrylates, and materials which show photo isomerisation, are some of the examples of such photo refractive materials. Materials which change their refractive index due to local heating or bleaching of a component, when under intense beams, can also be considered as photo refractive materials.
  • a simple way to create a lens function induced into a diffractive element is to use a layer of linear polymer containing a photo curable component. A laser beam can be split into two components.
  • a lens is then placed in the path of one of the beams focusing light onto a plane, and the beam is combined with the other beam causing them to interfere.
  • the interference pattern leads to the formation of a refractive index pattern as the reactive component diffuses and polymerizes in the high light intensity areas.
  • a flood exposure is then applied in order to fix the refractive index pattern which in turn functions as a lens.
  • Figures 5 to 10 show different optical output effects that can be obtained using the device of the invention.
  • regions 6 are used to out-couple light from parts of the surface away from the LEDs 4. These can give a random pattern, or a regular pattern as in Figure 6.
  • Such structures can have the form of a grating. Such a grating then selectively diffracts a certain wavelength coming from a certain direction according to well known diffraction theory, with the result that selective wavelengths are provided as output at the location of the structure.
  • Figure 7 shows round lens arrays 6 and Figure 8 shows oval (asymmetrical) lens designs.
  • Figure 9 shows line-shaped out-coupling structures.
  • Figure 10 shows that by individually driving the LEDs, different illumination directions or shapes can be obtained.
  • Figures 1OA to 1OC schematically show three different LEDs 4a,4b,4c being turned on, with the light output direction being different in each case as a result of the local refractive index arrangement.
  • the pattern 6 is in the form of concentric ellipsoidal grating patterns, and this pattern provides a directional output.
  • the direction of the ellipsoidal grating pattern placed around the LED 6 then determines the shape of the light coupled out of the LED.
  • a refractive index pattern is fixed into the structure of the insulator layer.
  • the refractive index pattern is switchable.
  • Figure 11 shows a structure of first and second substrates 1,2, with an insulating layer arrangement between them, which consists of the resin layer 5 with embedded LED 4, and an LC layer 10. Within the LC layer, refractive index variations can be induced by application of an electric field. The transparent electrodes are not shown for the sake of clarity. An advantage of the use of a continuous switchable LC layer as shown
  • Figure 1 IA when no field is applied (Figure 1 IA), there is no light scattering in the direction parallel to the substrate or perpendicular to the substrate.
  • the LC layer In the mode of operation with no field, the LC layer has uniform refractive index and does not alter the direction of light. This makes the device particularly suitable for use in secrecy window applications.
  • Figure 1 IA In the field-off state, there is good transparency in all directions through the device as shown by the arrows in Figure 1 IA which represent the undisturbed passage of light through the device in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the substrate.
  • Figure 1 IB shows the electric field applied, providing a state in which refractive index variations are induced. Increasing the electric field enables the system to become increasingly light scattering.
  • the device of Figure 11 can for example be implemented using liquid crystal gels.
  • liquid crystal gels which can be patterned to give regions which switch at different voltages.
  • the system again has uniform refractive index.
  • Application of an electric field across such a gel again induces refractive index fluctuations altering the path of light going through the gel, and different regions can be induced to switch at different applied electric fields.
  • GRIN refractive index
  • a gradient in the refractive index (GRIN) within the liquid crystal layer can be obtained in various ways.
  • One of the possibilities is to use structured electrodes with areas containing no electrodes. When a cell is produced with such electrodes, electric field lines leak into areas with no electrodes inducing electric field gradients and hence a gradient in the refractive index of the liquid crystal in a certain direction.
  • This type of GRIN lens is described in WO2007/007242, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the GRIN lenses can also be formed by providing interdigitating in-plane electrodes across which an electric field is applied.
  • the field lines form a curve between the electrodes, and this electric field is used to align the LC material into a curved lens shape.
  • the in-plane electrodes can be formed on top of the insulating layer 5 in which the LED is embedded, so that the structure has two electrode layers, one for controlling the LEDs and one for controlling the electric field in the LC layer. Electrically switchable GRIN lenses formed from LC material will be known to those skilled in the art from other applications.
  • the layer 10 comprises a non- switchable replica portion 12 and a switchable LC portion 14.
  • the electrodes in order to apply a voltage across the layer 10, can be placed at the inner surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2.
  • the replica has the shape of a lens.
  • the structures may also have other shapes such as grating, blazed grating, pyramids, rectangular gratings etc.
  • the control of the output function can be automated, for example based on the signal detected by movement sensors.
  • the invention is of particular interest for signage, decorative lighting such as lamps, windows, architectural glass, and secrecy windows, although other applications are possible, such as furniture and other decorative items.
  • the device of the invention can be used to produce logos or text in addition to the lighting effects discussed above.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de sortie lumineuse qui comprend un agencement de substrats présentant un premier et un second substrat (1, 2) entre lesquels est insérée une couche isolante (5). Au moins une source lumineuse (4) est disposée à l'intérieur de l'agencement de substrats, la sortie lumineuse passant à l'intérieur de la couche isolante (5). La couche isolante présente des parties (6) d'indice de réfraction différent à proximité de la source lumineuse, en définissant ainsi une fonction de sortie optique pour la sortie lumineuse de la source lumineuse. Cet agencement utilise la couche isolante (5) placée entre les substrats comme dispositif de sortie optique pour fournir une fonction de sortie optique désirée.
PCT/IB2009/050007 2008-01-08 2009-01-05 Dispositif de sortie lumineuse à éléments de réfraction commutables Ceased WO2009087584A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP08100190.1 2008-01-08
EP08100190 2008-01-08

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WO2009087584A1 true WO2009087584A1 (fr) 2009-07-16

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EP2541534A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de génération de lumière et procédé de fabrication
WO2014095923A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un composant semi-conducteur optoélectronique, et composant semi-conducteur optoélectronique
WO2015086683A1 (fr) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Agc Glass Europe Toit de véhicule vitré
US9423105B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2016-08-23 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Lighting device having electrically switchable optical member
WO2017203171A1 (fr) * 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Saint-Gobain Glass France Toit vitre feuillete lumineux de vehicule, vehicule l'incorporant et fabrication
US12040317B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2024-07-16 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12291096B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-05-06 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Window or surface of a vehicle comprising at least one optoelectronic component
US12300674B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12298528B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2025-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12328983B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-06-10 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic arrangement
US12330499B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-06-17 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Apparatus comprising a carrier with optoelectronic elements and method for manufacturing the apparatus

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US8478081B2 (en) * 2005-06-30 2013-07-02 Agc Flat Glass North America, Inc. Monolithic image perception device and method

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EP1437215A1 (fr) * 2003-01-10 2004-07-14 Glaverbel Vitrage comportant un élément lumineux
WO2005121641A1 (fr) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-22 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Systeme d'eclairage
WO2007007235A2 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Module d'eclairage pour la production de lumiere a motif de diffusion electriquement variable et son utilisation en tant qu'eclairage polyvalent
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Cited By (22)

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WO2013005143A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif d'émission lumineuse et son procédé de fabrication
US9293650B2 (en) 2011-07-01 2016-03-22 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Light output device having an array of cavities with different refractive index within the encapsulation layer
US9548432B2 (en) 2011-07-01 2017-01-17 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Light output device and method of manufacture
EP2541534A1 (fr) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de génération de lumière et procédé de fabrication
US9423105B2 (en) 2012-08-24 2016-08-23 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Lighting device having electrically switchable optical member
WO2014095923A1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2014-06-26 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un composant semi-conducteur optoélectronique, et composant semi-conducteur optoélectronique
US9490397B2 (en) 2012-12-21 2016-11-08 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Method for producing an optoelectronic semiconductor device, and optoelectronic semiconductor device
EA033599B1 (ru) * 2013-12-13 2019-11-08 Agc Glass Europe Стеклянная крыша транспортного средства
WO2015086683A1 (fr) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Agc Glass Europe Toit de véhicule vitré
BE1021369B1 (fr) * 2013-12-13 2015-11-09 Agc Glass Europe Toit de vehicule vitre
JP2017507874A (ja) * 2013-12-13 2017-03-23 エージーシー グラス ユーロップＡｇｃ Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｅｕｒｏｐｅ ガラス張りの車両ルーフ
US10525674B2 (en) 2013-12-13 2020-01-07 Agc Glass Europe Glazed vehicle roof
WO2017203171A1 (fr) * 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Saint-Gobain Glass France Toit vitre feuillete lumineux de vehicule, vehicule l'incorporant et fabrication
FR3051726A1 (fr) * 2016-05-26 2017-12-01 Saint Gobain Toit vitre feuillete lumineux de vehicule, vehicule l'incorporant et fabrication
US10688924B2 (en) 2016-05-26 2020-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vehicular luminous laminated glazed roof, vehicle incorporating same and manufacture
US12298528B2 (en) 2019-10-29 2025-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12040317B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2024-07-16 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12291096B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-05-06 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Window or surface of a vehicle comprising at least one optoelectronic component
US12300674B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-05-13 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device
US12328983B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-06-10 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic arrangement
US12330499B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-06-17 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Apparatus comprising a carrier with optoelectronic elements and method for manufacturing the apparatus
US12388058B2 (en) 2019-12-06 2025-08-12 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Optoelectronic device

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