WO2009103295A1 - Appareil d’analyse pour surveillance de fluide en ligne - Google Patents

Appareil d’analyse pour surveillance de fluide en ligne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009103295A1
WO2009103295A1 PCT/DK2009/000044 DK2009000044W WO2009103295A1 WO 2009103295 A1 WO2009103295 A1 WO 2009103295A1 DK 2009000044 W DK2009000044 W DK 2009000044W WO 2009103295 A1 WO2009103295 A1 WO 2009103295A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
analysis apparatus
pressure
reagent
communication system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK2009/000044
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English (en)
Inventor
Serguei Chiriaev
Rasmus Banke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Danfoss AS
Original Assignee
Danfoss AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss AS filed Critical Danfoss AS
Publication of WO2009103295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009103295A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for performing in-line analysis on fluids flowing in a flow system, in particular for in-line determination of the amount of soluble matter in a liquid contained in lines and systems. More particularly the invention relates to measurements of amounts of soluble matter in water, e.g. amounts of magnesium or calcium in water flowing in pipes or tubes of industrial water systems, water softeners, household machines, such as washing machines, dish washers, etc.
  • amounts of soluble matter in water e.g. amounts of magnesium or calcium in water flowing in pipes or tubes of industrial water systems, water softeners, household machines, such as washing machines, dish washers, etc.
  • Fluid analysers may be used for controlling chemical and biological processes, such as the treatment of sewage water. They may also be used for monitoring the amount or concentration of specific soluble matter contained in a fluid being analysed, e.g. the amount of calcium and/or magnesium in water. This is sometimes desirable because the amounts of calcium and magnesium in water flowing in an industrial water system may damage expensive equipment. Moreover, determination of amounts of calcium and magnesium optimise softening systems.
  • US 5,672,319 discloses a fully functional analysing unit included within a fluid-tight housing of a dialyzer which is immersed in the medium to be analysed. An opening in the housing is closed by a dialysis membrane. A channel defining body cooperates with the membrane to define a flow channel. The unit includes a carrier fluid reservoir and a carrier pump for generating a flow of carrier fluid through the flow channel.
  • US 5,695,719 discloses a fully functional analysing unit included within a fluid-tight housing of a dialyzer. The self-contained unit includes a carrier fluid reservoir and a carrier pump for generating a flow of carrier fluid through the flow channel to allow transfer of ions and molecules between a medium and the carrier fluid across a membrane.
  • the flow of carrier fluid is transformed into a flow of sample fluid which is received in a reaction channel.
  • Reagent fluid from at least one reagent reservoir is delivered to the reaction channel by at least one reagent pump, and a detection device is coupled to the reaction channel for detecting a reaction product originating from a reaction between the reagent fluid and the sample fluid and for generating a corresponding detection signal.
  • US 6,120,736 discloses an analysis apparatus for carrying out chemical analyses.
  • the apparatus has a base member in which there is at least one channel, and it has at least one functional element which is in fluid or gaseous connection with the channel. Pumps are required to set the individual fluids moving in order to mix them with one another or to bring them to a different location.
  • an object of the invention to provide an analysis apparatus for analysing a fluid, in which more reliable measurements can be obtained than by using similar prior art apparatuses.
  • an analysis apparatus for analysing a fluid comprising: - a fluid communication system arranged in an interior part of the analysis apparatus, said fluid communication system providing fluid communication between parts of the analysis apparatus,
  • a connector arranged to establish a fluid connection between a fluid medium having a first pressure, Pi, and the fluid communication system
  • a detection unit adapted to receive and mix sample fluid and reagent, analyze said mixed fluid and generate output, said detection unit having a pressure, P2, and
  • each reagent container comprising a first volume for containing reagent, said first volume being fluidly connected to the detection unit, and a second volume, said second volume being fluidly connected to the fluid communication system, said reagent container being arranged to deliver reagent in response to a pressure difference between the first volume and the detection unit,
  • the term 'analysis apparatus' should be interpreted to mean an apparatus which is adapted to perform analysis on a fluid medium, e.g. with respect to concentrations of certain substances, such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), biomolecules, bacteria, etc., present in the fluid.
  • the fluid to be analysed is preferably a liquid, but may, alternatively, be a gaseous fluid.
  • the fluid communication system provides fluid communication between parts of the analysis apparatus, e.g. via a system of pipes and/or tubes interconnecting the various parts in a desired manner.
  • the connector establishes a fluid connection between a fluid medium to be analysed and the fluid communication system. Thereby sample fluid is collected to the analysis apparatus, more specifically into the fluid communication system. Since the connector interconnects the fluid medium, having a first pressure, Pi, and the fluid communication system, the fluid communication system adapts the pressure of the fluid medium, Pi . Accordingly, the pressure of the interior of the fluid communication system will fluctuate along with possible fluctuations of the pressure of the fluid medium.
  • the output generated by the detection unit preferably corresponds to the result of the analysis performed on the mixed fluid of sample fluid and reagent, e.g. indicating the amount of a specific substance of interest present in the fluid medium being analysed.
  • the output may be in the form of an optical signal, an electrical current signal, a voltage signal, or any other suitable kind of signal.
  • the reagent container comprises a first volume and a second volume.
  • the first volume contains reagent and is fluidly connected to the detection unit, and thereby reagent can be delivered from the first volume of the reagent container to the detection unit.
  • the detection unit has a second pressure, P 2 -
  • the detection unit may advantageously be connected to the exterior of the analysis apparatus, e.g. via an opening, preferably arranged in a sink for collecting used sample fluid.
  • the second pressure, P 2 is preferably at or near atmospheric pressure.
  • the second volume is fluidly connected to the fluid communication system, and thereby the pressure of the second volume is the same as the pressure of the fluid communication system, P 1 . Since the second pressure is lower than the first pressure, P2 ⁇ Pi, a pressure difference exists between the second volume of the reagent container and the detection unit, the higher pressure being in the second volume, and this pressure difference causes reagent to be delivered from the reagent container.
  • the same pressure difference exists between the connector and the detection unit and is used for driving sample fluid to the detection unit via the fluid communication system. Accordingly, the ratio of the flow rate of sample fluid reaching the detection unit and the flow rate of reagent reaching the detection unit remains invariant, regardless of possible fluctuations in one or both of the pressures, Pi and P 2 .
  • a reliable mixture, and thereby reliable measurements is automatically obtained, and there is no need for complicated feedback mechanisms or the like.
  • it is not necessary to use pumps in order to cause reagent and/or sample fluid to flow in the analysis apparatus and thereby energy can be saved, required maintenance of the apparatus can be reduced, and manufacturing costs can be reduced due to the lower component count of the apparatus.
  • the detection unit may comprise a mixing subsystem adapted to receive and mix sample fluid and reagent, and a separate detection part being fluidly connected to the mixing subsystem and being adapted to analyze the mixed fluid and to generate a corresponding output.
  • sample fluid and reagent are received and mixed in a separate part of the detection unit, i.e. the mixing subsystem. Once the sample fluid and the reagent have been properly mixed, the mixed fluid is delivered to the detection part where it is analysed.
  • the detection unit may comprise only a single part in which the mixing of the reagent and the sample fluid, as well as the subsequent analysis takes place.
  • the fluid communication system may comprise at least one flow restrictor arranged in a flow path defined by the fluid communication system.
  • the flow rates of the fluid flows of various parts of the fluid communication system can be controlled by arranging flow restrictors of suitable flow resistance in selected parts of the fluid communication system.
  • At least one flow restrictor may be arranged in a part of the fluid communication system which fluidly interconnects the connector and the detection unit. According to this embodiment the flow rate of sample fluid reaching the detection unit is controlled. Alternatively or additionally, at least one flow restrictor may be arranged in a part of the fluid communication system which fluidly interconnects the connector and a waste chamber or a sink. A flow restrictor arranged in this manner ensures fast response times of the analysis system.
  • the analysis apparatus may further comprise a sink being fluidly connected to the fluid communication system, and at least one flow restrictor may be arranged in a part of the fluid communication system which fluidly interconnects the connector and the sink.
  • the sink is used for collecting sample fluid from the analysis apparatus, and it is preferably fluidly connected to the exterior of the analysis apparatus in such a manner the pressure of the sink is substantially the same as the exterior pressure.
  • the fluid connection between the connector and the sink may advantageously drive fluid into the analysis apparatus, thereby ensuring a substantially constant fluid flow in the fluid communication system. This helps in reducing response times of the apparatus.
  • the analysis apparatus may further comprise at least one flow restrictor arranged between the first volume of at least one reagent container and the detection unit. According to this embodiment the flow rate of reagent flowing from the reagent container to the detection unit is controlled.
  • At least one movable wall may separate the first volume and the second volume of at least one of the reagent containers.
  • the pressure difference between the second volume and the detection unit, being fluidly connected to the first volume causes the movable wall to move in such a manner that the first volume is 'squeezed'. Thereby reagent is squeezed out of the first volume and towards the detection unit.
  • the movable wall may advantageously be in the form of a resilient wall.
  • the first volume may, e.g., be a bag or the like arranged inside the second volume.
  • the movable wall may be a relatively rigid wall, e.g. being movable in a manner similar to a piston.
  • the analysis apparatus may further comprise a pressure reduction system for reducing the first pressure, Pi, as compared to a pressure of an interior part of a flow system having a fluid medium to be analyzed flowing therein.
  • a pressure reduction system for reducing the first pressure, Pi, as compared to a pressure of an interior part of a flow system having a fluid medium to be analyzed flowing therein.
  • the pressure reduction system may comprise a reduction chamber with a compliance chamber having one or more movable walls arranged therein.
  • the movable walls may, e.g., be in the form of walls made of a resilient material.
  • the analysis apparatus may further comprise at least one temperature controlling element.
  • the viscosity of fluids is very often dependant on the temperature of the fluid.
  • the temperature controlling element(s) may comprise a heating element and/or a cooling element.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an analysis apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an analysis apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an analysis apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the analysis apparatus 1 comprises a dosing reaction part 2 enclosing a fluid communication system 3 in the form of a number of pipes fluidly interconnecting various components of the analysis apparatus 1.
  • the fluid communication system 3 is fluidly connected to a flow system in the form of a pipe 4, via a connector 5 inserted in the pipe 4.
  • a filter 6 is arranged in the connector 5 in order to prevent impurities and unwanted particles from entering the analysis apparatus 1.
  • a liquid 7 to be analysed flows in the pipe 4.
  • Each of the reagent containers 8 comprises a first volume 10a containing reagent.
  • the first volumes 10a have flexible walls 10b, and each is arranged within a rigid wall of a respective reagent container 8 in such a manner that a second volume 10c is defined between the first volume 10a and the rigid walls.
  • the second volume 10c is fluidly connected to the fluid communication system 3.
  • the pressure in the interior of the fluid communication system 3 is the same as the pressure of the liquid 7, P 1 .
  • Pi is higher than an exterior pressure, P 2 , occurring outside the analysis apparatus 1.
  • the analysis apparatus 1 of Fig. 1 may preferably be operated in the following manner. Due to the pressure difference between P 1 and P 2 , some liquid, in the following denoted sample fluid 11 , is sucked from the pipe 4 into the fluid communication system 3 via the connector 5. Some of the sample fluid 11 flows into each of the second volumes 10c of the reagent containers 8, via flow paths 12, the second volumes 10c thereby adopting the pressure P 1 .
  • the first volumes 10a are fluidly connected to the mixing and reaction subsystem 9 having a pressure P 2 , and thereby the flexible walls 10b of the first volumes 10a are squeezed, thereby causing reagent to flow from the first volumes 10a towards the mixing and reaction subsystem 9 via flow paths 13 and flow restrictors 14.
  • the flow rate of the reagent is determined by the pressure difference (P 1 -P 2 ) and by the flow resistance of flow restrictors 13 in accordance with the formula P - P
  • the ratio of the flow rate of reagent and the flow rate of sample fluid 11 remains substantially constant, even in case of variations in the pressure difference or one or both of the pressures. Thereby it is ensured that the relative concentration of reagent and sample fluid 11 in the mixing and reaction subsystem 9 is substantially uniform, and very reliable measurements can thereby be obtained, without the requirement of pumps and complicated feedback mechanisms.
  • the sample fluid 11 flow directly into waste container 16, via flow restrictor 17, and further into sink 18 arranged exterior of the analysis apparatus 1.
  • the sink 18 is provided with an opening 18a providing communication between the sink 18 and the exterior of the analysis apparatus 1. Accordingly, the pressure inside the waste container 16 is the same as the exterior pressure, i.e. P 2 . Since the mixing and reaction subsystem 9 is fluidly connected to the waste container 16, the pressure inside the mixing and reaction subsystem 9 is also P 2 .
  • the mixed and reacted fluid flows into detection part 19.
  • the detection part 19 generates a response signal in response to the reacted compounds present in the mixed and reacted fluid. Accordingly, the response signal is representative for the concentration of a specific soluble compound in the sample fluid 11 , and thereby the concentration of this soluble compound in the liquid 7 flowing in the pipe 4.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an analysis apparatus 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the parts of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 are also present in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, and they will therefore not be described in further detail here.
  • the analysis apparatus 1 of Fig. 2 is further provided with a pressure reduction system used for reducing the pressure inside the fluid communication system 3 from the pressure, Pi, occurring in the pipe 4 to a working pressure, P w .
  • the pressure reduction system comprises a valve 20 arranged to fluidly connect the connector 5 and a reduction chamber 21 with a compliance chamber 22 having one or more flexible walls.
  • the compliance chamber 22 contains air or a gas.
  • a pressure transmitter 23 measures the pressure in the reduction chamber 21.
  • An electronic circuit 24 controls the status of the valve 20, i.e. open or closed status, according to the pressure measured by the pressure transmitter 23.
  • the pressure transmitter 23 and the valve 20 are connected to the electronic circuit 24 via electrical connections 25.
  • the pressure reduction system may preferably operate in the following manner.
  • a working pressure, P Wl is maintained in an interval between a lower set point value, Pi 0W er, and an upper set point value, P upP er-
  • the control circuit 24 causes the valve 20 to open, and sample fluid 11 thereby flows into reduction chamber 21 until the pressure in the reduction chamber 21 reaches the upper set point value, P upP er-
  • the control circuit 24 causes the valve 20 to close, thereby disrupting the flow of sample fluid 11.
  • the discharge of the first volumes 10 of the reagent containers 8 results in reduction of the pressure in the fluid communication system 3, and thereby in the reduction chamber 21 , until the lower set point value, Piow e r, is once again reached, and the cycle described above is repeated.
  • the compliance chamber 22 is embedded in the reduction chamber 21 in order to adjust the compliance of the reduction system to a value required for an optimal operation of the apparatus 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un appareil d’analyse (1) pour analyser un fluide, qui comprend un système de communication de fluide (3) relié à un milieu fluide (7), ayant une première pression, P1, via un connecteur (5). L’appareil (1) comprend en outre au moins un contenant de réactif (8) qui renferme un premier volume (10a) et un second volume (10c). Le premier volume (10a) contient un réactif et est raccordé fluidique à une unité de détection ayant une seconde pression, P2. Le second volume (10c) est raccordé fluidique au système de communication de fluide (3), et a donc la pression P1. La seconde pression est inférieure à la première pression, P2<P1, et le contenant de réactif (8) est agencé pour délivrer un réactif en réponse à cette différence de pression. La différence de pression entraîne également la collecte de fluide échantillon (11), et le rapport du fluide échantillon (11) et du réactif atteignant une unité de détection (9, 19) est ainsi indépendant de fluctuations de l’une des pressions P1 et P2 ou des deux.
PCT/DK2009/000044 2008-02-22 2009-02-19 Appareil d’analyse pour surveillance de fluide en ligne Ceased WO2009103295A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200800248 2008-02-22
DKPA200800248 2008-02-22

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WO2009103295A1 true WO2009103295A1 (fr) 2009-08-27

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910764A (en) * 1974-12-23 1975-10-07 Ronald H Tower Water testing device
US4049382A (en) * 1977-02-16 1977-09-20 Orion Research Incorporated Total residual chlorine
US5672319A (en) * 1993-04-29 1997-09-30 Danfoss A/S Device for analyzing a fluid medium
US5695719A (en) * 1993-04-29 1997-12-09 Danfoss A/S Device for analyzing a fluid medium
US5773298A (en) * 1994-03-31 1998-06-30 Danfoss A/S Successive samples analysis method and analysis apparatus
US6120736A (en) * 1995-03-04 2000-09-19 Danfoss A/S Analysis apparatus
US6434409B1 (en) * 1996-05-09 2002-08-13 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Determination of glucose concentration in tissue

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910764A (en) * 1974-12-23 1975-10-07 Ronald H Tower Water testing device
US4049382A (en) * 1977-02-16 1977-09-20 Orion Research Incorporated Total residual chlorine
US5672319A (en) * 1993-04-29 1997-09-30 Danfoss A/S Device for analyzing a fluid medium
US5695719A (en) * 1993-04-29 1997-12-09 Danfoss A/S Device for analyzing a fluid medium
US5773298A (en) * 1994-03-31 1998-06-30 Danfoss A/S Successive samples analysis method and analysis apparatus
US6120736A (en) * 1995-03-04 2000-09-19 Danfoss A/S Analysis apparatus
US6434409B1 (en) * 1996-05-09 2002-08-13 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Determination of glucose concentration in tissue

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