WO2009104700A1 - 硬化性組成物 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009104700A1 WO2009104700A1 PCT/JP2009/052933 JP2009052933W WO2009104700A1 WO 2009104700 A1 WO2009104700 A1 WO 2009104700A1 JP 2009052933 W JP2009052933 W JP 2009052933W WO 2009104700 A1 WO2009104700 A1 WO 2009104700A1
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- C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/288—Compounds containing at least one heteroatom other than oxygen or nitrogen
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
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- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F230/08—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
- C08F230/085—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon the monomer being a polymerisable silane, e.g. (meth)acryloyloxy trialkoxy silanes or vinyl trialkoxysilanes
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- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
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- C08J2400/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2400/10—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C08J2400/108—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing hydrolysable silane groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a curable composition.
- Patent Document 1 describes the use of an organometallic compound such as dibutyltin dilaurate, tin octylate, lead octylate and the like. Has been.
- the use of the above amidine compounds is described.
- organometallic compounds containing tin or lead are expensive.
- lead compounds and the like are required to be strictly controlled in terms of discharge and disposal from the viewpoint of accumulation and harmfulness to the human body, it is desired that organometallic compounds such as lead compounds be not used as much as possible.
- the amidine compound described as a silanol condensation catalyst in Patent Document 2 does not form a salt, and when such an amidine compound is used as a curing catalyst, the curing rate of the polymer may be slowed down. Tends to be slow.
- an amidine compound is used as a curing catalyst, the cured product may change color over time.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a curable composition containing a polymer having a reactive silicon group as a curing component, containing no or almost no organometallic compound, and having a high curing rate. For the purpose.
- the curable composition of the present invention comprises a polymer (A) having a reactive silicon group represented by the following formula (1) and an amidine derivative represented by the following formula (2). It contains a salt (B).
- a salt (B) -SiX 1 a R 1 3-a (1)
- R 1 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding a hydrolyzable group), and X 1 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- A represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- R 1 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding a hydrolyzable group)
- X 1 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- A represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- R 2 represents a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom in which the ⁇ -position carbon atom of the nitrogen atom is a carbon atom having no unsaturated bond
- R 3 and two R 4 are each independently an organic group
- R 5 represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or hydrogen atom having 1 to 25 carbon atoms
- X 2 represents an organic acid ion, an inorganic acid ion or a hydroxyl group.
- Any two or more of R 2 , R 3 and two R 4 may be bonded to form a cyclic structure.
- the polymer (A) may have a reactive silicon group represented by the formula (1) and may have a urethane bond in the molecule.
- a polymer (A) is obtained by urethanating a polymer represented by the following formula (3) and an isocyanate compound (U) having an isocyanate group to a polymer (pP) having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a hydroxyl group.
- the ratio of the total number of isocyanate groups of the isocyanate compound (U) to the total number of hydroxyl groups of the polymer (pP) in the urethanization reaction (isocyanate group / hydroxyl group) is 0.80 to 1.10. Also good.
- R 1 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding a hydrolyzable group), and X 1 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- A represents an integer of 1 to 3. However, may be different or a plurality of R 1 is each independently when R 1 there are a plurality, the plurality of X 1 may be the same or different when X 1 there are a plurality.
- -SiX 41 b R 41 3-b (4) [Wherein R 41 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding hydrolyzable groups), and X 41 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group. , B represents an integer of 1 to 3. However, it may be R 41 is the same with or different from each other a plurality of R 41 when there are a plurality, the plurality of X 41 may be the same or different when X 41 there are a plurality.
- the acrylic polymer (C) When the acrylic polymer (C) is contained, 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of the amidine derivative salt (B) may be contained with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (C). preferable.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer (A) having a reactive silicon group may be 2,000 to 50,000.
- a curable composition containing a polymer having a reactive silicon group as a curing component and containing no or almost no organometallic compound and having a high curing rate can be obtained.
- the polymer (A) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as component (A)) used in the present invention is a polymer having a polyoxyalkylene chain.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain include a polyoxyethylene chain, a polyoxypropylene chain, a polyoxybutylene chain, a polyoxyhexylene chain, a polyoxytetramethylene chain, and a “copolymer of two or more cyclic ethers”.
- a molecular chain made of a polymer may be a molecular chain composed of one kind among these, or may be a molecular chain combining a plurality of kinds.
- the polymer (A) those having substantially only a polyoxypropylene chain as the main chain are particularly preferable.
- the polymer (A) has a reactive silicon group represented by the above formula (1) as a substituent at its side chain or terminal. It is more preferable to have the reactive silicon group as a substituent at the terminal.
- the reactive silicon group may be directly bonded to the polyoxyalkylene chain or may be bonded via another organic group.
- a represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- R 1 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent.
- R 1 does not include a hydrolyzable group described later.
- R 1 is preferably an alkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group.
- the plurality of R 1 may be the same as or different from each other.
- X 1 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- the hydrolyzable group refers to a substituent that is directly bonded to a silicon atom and can generate a siloxane bond by a hydrolysis reaction and / or a condensation reaction.
- the hydrolyzable group include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, and an alkenyloxy group.
- the hydrolyzable group has a carbon atom, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 6 or less, and more preferably 4 or less.
- X 1 is particularly preferably an alkoxy group having 4 or less carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group having 4 or less carbon atoms. More specifically, X 1 is particularly preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group.
- the plurality of X 1 may be the same or different from each other.
- the reactive silicon group represented by the formula (1) is preferably bonded to the polyoxyalkylene chain via a divalent organic group.
- the polymer (A) has a group represented by the following formula (5). -R 0 -SiX 1 a R 1 3-a (5)
- R 1 , X 1 and a are as defined in formula (1), including preferred embodiments thereof.
- R 0 represents a divalent organic group.
- R 0 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may have an ether bond, a urethane bond, an ester bond or a carbonate bond.
- X 1 are bonded to the silicon atom.
- these X 1 may be the same or different.
- a polymer (A) has two or more reactive silicon groups of Formula (1), they may all be the same and may contain 2 or more types of different groups.
- the polymer (A) preferably has 1 to 8 reactive silicon groups represented by the formula (1) per molecule of the polymer, more preferably 1.1 to 5, more preferably 1.1. Most preferably it has ⁇ 3. When the number of reactive silicon groups is 8 or less, the elongation of the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition becomes good. Moreover, sufficient hardness and sclerosis
- the polymer (A) is, for example, a polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (P) having a polyoxyalkylene chain as a main chain and a hydroxyl group, an unsaturated group, etc. as a functional group for introducing a reactive silicon group. ), By introducing a reactive silicon group.
- the number of functional groups for introducing reactive silicon groups is preferably 1 to 8 per molecule of the polymer (P), and 1.1 to More preferably, it is 5 and most preferably 1.1-3.
- the number of reactive silicon groups is 8 or less, the elongation of the cured product obtained by curing the curable composition becomes good.
- hardenability are obtained because a polymer (A) has one or more reactive silicon groups.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) having a hydroxyl group is obtained, for example, by ring-opening polymerization of a cyclic ether compound in the presence of a catalyst and an initiator. be able to.
- a hydroxy compound having one or more hydroxyl groups can be used.
- the cyclic ether compound include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, hexylene oxide, and tetrahydrofuran.
- the double metal cyanide complex a complex mainly composed of zinc hexacyanocobaltate is preferable, and an ether and / or alcohol complex is particularly preferable.
- ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (glyme), diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (diglyme) or the like is preferable as the ether, and glyme is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of handling during the production of the complex.
- the alcohol is preferably t-butanol.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) having a hydroxyl group has a relatively high molecular weight.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of preferably from 2,000 to 50,000, particularly preferably from 4,000 to 30,000.
- the following (A), (B), (C), The method (d), (e) or (f) is preferred. Furthermore, the method (b), (c), (d) or (e) is preferred because it has excellent adhesion and fast curability when it has a urethane bond in the molecule, and can suppress an increase in viscosity during synthesis.
- the method (b) having excellent workability is particularly preferred.
- polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP)” having a hydroxyl group used in the following method is particularly preferably a polyoxypropylene polyol having 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups.
- polyoxypropylene polyols polyoxypropylene diol or polyoxypropylene triol is preferable.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group is obtained, for example, by a method in which a functional group that reacts with a hydroxyl group and a compound having an unsaturated group are reacted with a polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) having a hydroxyl group. It is done.
- the unsaturated group is bonded to the polyoxyalkylene chain via an ether bond, an ester bond, a urethane bond, a carbonate bond, or the like.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain containing polymer which has an unsaturated group in a side chain can also be obtained by copolymerizing unsaturated group containing epoxy compounds, such as allyl glycidyl ether.
- polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group polyoxyalkylene having an unsaturated group such as an allyl-terminated polyoxypropylene monool can also be suitably used.
- the reaction between the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group and the hydrosilyl compound is preferably performed in the presence of a catalyst such as a platinum catalyst, a rhodium catalyst, a cobalt catalyst, a palladium catalyst, or a nickel catalyst.
- a catalyst such as a platinum catalyst, a rhodium catalyst, a cobalt catalyst, a palladium catalyst, or a nickel catalyst.
- platinum-based catalysts such as chloroplatinic acid, platinum metal, platinum chloride, and platinum olefin complexes are preferred. This reaction is preferably carried out at 30 to 150 ° C., preferably 60 to 120 ° C. for several hours.
- -SiX 1 a R 1 3-a (3) [Wherein R 1 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding a hydrolyzable group), and X 1 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group. , A represents an integer of 1 to 3. However, may be different or a plurality of R 1 is each independently when R 1 there are a plurality, the plurality of X 1 may be the same or different when X 1 there are a plurality. ]
- the isocyanate compound (U) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (3-1).
- R 1 , X 1 and a in formulas (3) and (3-1) have the same meanings as in formula (1), including preferred embodiments thereof.
- R 6 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the isocyanate compound represented by the formula (3-1) include 1-isocyanate methyltrimethoxysilane, 1-isocyanatemethyltriethoxysilane, 1-isocyanatemethylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-isocyanatepropyltrimethoxysilane, and 3-isocyanate. Examples thereof include propyltriethoxysilane. In particular, 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane or 1-isocyanatomethylmethyldimethoxysilane is preferred because of its excellent rapid curability.
- a known urethanization catalyst may be used. This reaction is preferably carried out at 20 to 200 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C. for several hours. Since this method has a small number of manufacturing steps, the process time can be greatly shortened, no impurities are by-produced during the manufacturing process, and complicated operations such as purification are unnecessary.
- the NCO / OH (molar ratio) is more preferably 0.85 to 1.00.
- the NCO ratio when the NCO ratio is less than the above range, it is preferable to react with an isocyanate silane compound (U) or a monoisocyanate compound to consume excess OH groups. If the NCO / OH ratio is less than or equal to the upper limit of the above range, side reactions (allophanatization reaction, isocyanurate reaction, etc.) in the urethanization reaction are considered to be suppressed, and the curable composition is unlikely to thicken.
- a polyisocyanate compound such as tolylene diisocyanate is reacted with the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) having a hydroxyl group to obtain a prepolymer (iP) having an isocyanate group at the terminal, and the prepolymer (iP And a silicon compound having an active hydrogen group in the molecule and a reactive silicon group.
- a polymer (A) in which a reactive silicon group is bonded to the terminal of a polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) via a linking group having a urethane bond is obtained.
- the isocyanate group (NCO) of the polyisocyanate compound with respect to the total number of hydroxyl groups (OH) of the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP).
- the NCO / OH (molar ratio) is more preferably 1.7 to 2.0.
- the storage stability will be good, and if it is below the upper limit of the above range, side reactions in the urethanization reaction will be suppressed, and the curable composition Is hard to thicken.
- R 7 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms
- W represents a substituent having active hydrogen.
- W include a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group, and a primary or secondary amino group.
- a reactive silicon group is introduced by a reaction between the isocyanate group at the terminal of the prepolymer (iP) and the substituent W having active hydrogen.
- silicon compound represented by the formula (7) examples include a reaction product of N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethyl And methoxysilane.
- the silicon compound used in this method is reacted with an organic group (I) containing at least one group selected from the group consisting of a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, an acryloyl group, a hydroxy group, an epoxy group and a mercapto group.
- a first compound having a reactive silicon group for example, N-2 (aminoethyl) 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane
- a compound having a secondary amino group or hydroxy group by reacting with the organic group (I) It can also be produced by reacting a second organic compound that can be formed (eg 2-ethylhexyl acrylate).
- a polymer (A) in which a reactive silicon group is bonded to a monovalent group derived from the unsaturated group at the end of a prepolymer (uP) having a urethane bond is obtained.
- HSiX 1 a R 1 3-a In formula (8), R 1 , X 1 and a are as defined in formula (1), including preferred embodiments thereof.
- the prepolymer (uP) is obtained, for example, by a method of reacting a polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) having a hydroxyl group with a compound having an isocyanate group and an unsaturated group. In this reaction, a urethane bond is formed by a reaction between a hydroxyl group of the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (pP) and an isocyanate group.
- the reaction between the prepolymer (uP) and the hydrosilyl compound is preferably performed in the presence of a catalyst such as a platinum catalyst, a rhodium catalyst, a cobalt catalyst, a palladium catalyst, or a nickel catalyst.
- platinum-based catalysts such as chloroplatinic acid, platinum metal, platinum chloride, and platinum olefin complexes are preferred. This reaction is preferably carried out at 30 to 150 ° C., preferably 60 to 120 ° C. for several hours.
- Examples of the mercapto compound represented by the formula (9) include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane.
- the reaction between the prepolymer (uP) and the mercapto compound can be suitably performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator such as a radical generator. Alternatively, instead of using a polymerization initiator, the reaction may proceed by radiation or heat.
- Examples of the polymerization initiator include peroxide-based, azo-based, redox-based polymerization initiators, and metal compound catalysts.
- the polymerization initiator examples include 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, t-alkyl peroxy ester, acetyl peroxy ester, Oxides or diisopropyl peroxycarbonate are mentioned.
- the above reaction is preferably carried out at 20 to 200 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C. for several hours to several tens of hours.
- HS-R 9 -SiX 1 a R 1 3-a 10
- R 1 , X 1 and a are as defined in formula (1), including preferred embodiments thereof.
- R 9 represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the mercapto compound represented by the formula (10) include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane.
- the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group the same polymer as in the above method (a) can be used.
- the reaction of the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group and the mercapto compound can be suitably performed in the presence of a polymerization initiator such as a radical generator.
- a polymerization initiator such as a radical generator.
- the reaction may proceed by radiation or heat.
- the polymerization initiator include peroxide-based, azo-based, redox-based polymerization initiators, and metal compound catalysts.
- the polymerization initiator examples include 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, t-alkyl peroxy ester, acetyl peroxy ester, Oxides or diisopropyl peroxycarbonate are mentioned.
- the above reaction is preferably carried out at 20 to 200 ° C., preferably 50 to 150 ° C. for several hours to several tens of hours.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer (A) in the present invention is preferably 2,000 to 50,000, more preferably 4,000 to 30 from the point that the breaking stress and breaking elongation of the cured product can be further increased. Is particularly preferred.
- the number average molecular weight means a number average molecular weight (Mn) in terms of standard polystyrene measured using tetrahydrofuran as a mobile phase by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the weight average molecular weight is the same as described above. It means the weight average molecular weight (Mw) when GPC measurement is performed.
- Mn of a polymer (A) means Mn before hardening.
- Mn of the polymer (A) is 50,000 or less, the extrudability becomes good.
- the curable composition is used as a sealant or an elastic adhesive, workability becomes good.
- the Mn of the polymer (A) is 2,000 or more, the curability of the composition becomes good.
- Mw / Mn molecular weight distribution
- the Mw / Mn of the polymer (A) can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the polymerization catalyst used in obtaining the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer (P) as the raw material and by optimizing the polymerization conditions of the cyclic ether. . Moreover, it can adjust also by mixing and using 2 or more types of polymers (A).
- the Mw / Mn of the polymer (A) is preferably small. Thereby, even if the elasticity modulus of hardened
- the polymer preferably has Mw / Mn of less than 1.6. In comparison between polymers (A) having the same Mn, those having a Mw / Mn of less than 1.6 have a smaller content of polymer components having a lower molecular weight than those having an Mw / Mn of 1.6 or more.
- the polymer (A) having a small Mw / Mn is a polyoxy having a desired Mw / Mn by a method of polymerizing a cyclic ether in the presence of an initiator using a double metal cyanide complex as a catalyst. It is preferable that the polymer be obtained by a method in which an alkylene chain-containing polymer is obtained and the terminal of the alkylene chain is modified to introduce a reactive silicon group.
- the Mw / Mn of the polymer (A) may be 1.6 or more. preferable.
- a polymer (A) is mixed with the (B) component mentioned later and the other component as needed.
- the other polymer is, for example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated group-containing monomer, and may be an acrylic polymer (C) described later.
- the “mixture of the polymer (A) and other polymer” is obtained by polymerizing the unsaturated group-containing monomer in a state where the polymer (A) and the unsaturated group-containing monomer are mixed. It may be a polymer mixture obtained in the above manner.
- the other polymer may be uniformly dispersed in the form of fine particles in the polymer (A) or may be uniformly dissolved. In consideration of the viscosity and workability of the curable composition, it is preferable that the other polymer is uniformly dispersed in the form of fine particles.
- amidine derivative salt (B) is a compound represented by the above formula (2).
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom in which the ⁇ -position of the nitrogen atom is a carbon atom having no unsaturated bond.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group as R 2 is preferably 1 to 20 and more preferably 1 to 10 in view of availability and curability.
- R 3 and two R 4 are each independently an organic group or a hydrogen atom.
- the organic group as R 3 or R 4 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of availability and curability.
- R 5 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom.
- the hydrocarbon group as R 5 preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of obtaining good curability.
- R 5 is a hydrocarbon group, the bleed-out resistance is excellent.
- R 2 is a hydrocarbon group or a hydrogen atom in which the ⁇ -position carbon atom of the nitrogen atom is a carbon atom having no unsaturated bond.
- the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group as R 2 is preferably 1 to 20 and more preferably 1 to 10 in view of availability and curability.
- R 3 and two R 4 are each independently an organic group or a hydrogen atom.
- the organic group as R 3 or R 4 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of availability and curability.
- R 5 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, or a hydrogen atom.
- the hydrocarbon group as R 5 preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 5 is preferably a hydrogen atom in terms of obtaining good curability.
- R 5 is a hydrocarbon group, the bleed-out resistance is excellent.
- the amidine derivative salt (B) represented by the formula (2) has one or both of a cyclic structure in which R 2 and one R 4 are bonded, or a cyclic structure in which R 3 and one R 4 are bonded. It is preferable to have both, and it is preferable to have both.
- the component (B) is preferably a salt represented by the following formula (2a).
- R 21 is a divalent group in which R 2 and one R 4 are bonded, and the carbon atom at the ⁇ -position of the nitrogen atom is a carbon atom having no unsaturated bond. It is a group.
- R 21 is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 22 is a divalent group in which R 3 and one R 4 are bonded, and is a divalent organic group.
- R 22 is preferably a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 5 and X 2 are as defined in formula (2) including preferred embodiments.
- amidine derivative salt (B) represented by the formula (2a) for example, from 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene (hereinafter referred to as DBU) represented by the following formula (2b)
- DBU 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene
- a salt derived from a salt derived from 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene (hereinafter referred to as DBN) represented by the following formula (2c) is preferable.
- the amidine derivative salt (B) represented by the formula (2a) is available from a commercial product.
- U-CAT SA1 phenol salt of DBU
- U-CAT SA102 octylate of DBU
- U-CAT SA106 formation of oleate of DBU
- U-CAT SA506 p-toluenesulfone of DBU
- U-CAT SA603 DBU formate
- U-CAT SA1 DBU phenol salt
- U-CAT 1102 DBU phenol salt
- U-CAT 1102 DBN octylate
- (B) component may be 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the amount of the component (B) used in the curable composition of the present invention is 100 parts by weight of the component (A).
- the components (C) described later is contained, the components (A) and (C) The amount is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 5 parts by mass with respect to the total amount of 100 parts by mass.
- the amount of component (B) used is 0.1 parts by mass or more, curing proceeds sufficiently, and when it is 10 parts by mass or less, the strength of the cured product is difficult to decrease.
- the component (B) acts as a curing catalyst.
- component (B) is a salt of an amidine derivative, and as shown in the examples and comparative examples described later, better curability is obtained than when an amidine derivative that does not form a salt is used. Can be cured quickly. In particular, the rise in hardness increases.
- (B) component can make pH low compared with the amidine derivative which has not formed the salt, and can improve handling property by this. For example, the pH of DBU is about 13, but the pH of the phenol salt of DBU is about 11.5, and the pH of the octylate of DBU is about 9.
- the component (B) is less likely to bleed out to the cured product surface and is excellent in adhesiveness. In addition, the component (B) is less likely to discolor the cured product over time compared to an amidine derivative that does not form a salt. This is preferred in sealant and adhesive applications that require that the color not change thereby.
- the curable composition of the present invention has an acrylic polymer (C) having a reactive silicon group represented by the following formula (4) and containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as (C ) Component))).
- (C ) Component) a reactive silicon group represented by the following formula (4) and containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as (C ) Component))).
- (C ) Component) -SiX 41 b R 41 3-b (4)
- R 41 represents an optionally substituted monovalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding hydrolyzable groups)
- X 41 represents a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group.
- B represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- it may be R 41 is the same with or different from each other a plurality of R 41 when there are a plurality, the plurality of X 41 may be the same or different when X 41
- the acrylic polymer (C) contains a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit as an essential component.
- the polymer which contains only a (meth) acrylic-acid alkylester monomer unit as a monomer unit may be sufficient, and the polymer which further contains an unsaturated group containing monomer other than this may be sufficient.
- the polymer containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit means a polymer having a repeating unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester.
- the polymer is usually obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated group-containing monomer containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer as an essential component.
- the unsaturated group-containing monomer means a compound having an unsaturated bond (preferably a carbon-carbon double bond) and capable of forming a polymer
- a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester means an acrylic acid alkyl ester, a methacrylic acid alkyl ester, or a mixture of both.
- the kind and number of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer units contained in the acrylic polymer (C) are not limited.
- the acrylic polymer (C) preferably contains a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer represented by the following formula (11) as a monomer unit.
- CH 2 CR 10 COOR 11 (11)
- R 10 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 11 represents an alkyl group which may be substituted with “a hydrocarbon group other than an alkyl group”.
- R 11 may be a linear or branched alkyl group or an alkyl group having a cyclic structure such as a cycloalkylalkyl group.
- R 11 may be an alkyl group in which one or more hydrogen atoms of the alkyl group are substituted with “a hydrocarbon group other than an alkyl group” such as an aryl group.
- the acrylic polymer (C) may have only one or two or more (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomers represented by the above formula (11) as monomer units, One type or two or more types of unsaturated group-containing monomers other than the monomer may be further included as a monomer unit.
- the ratio of the monomer unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer represented by the formula (11) is preferably 50% by mass or more with respect to the entire acrylic polymer (C). More preferably, it is 70 mass% or more.
- the acrylic polymer (C) is a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer unit in which the alkyl group as R 11 has 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group has 10 or more carbon atoms (meth).
- the acrylic polymers (C-1) and (C-2) are both excellent in compatibility of the acrylic polymer (C) with the polymer (A). Therefore, by using the (C-1) and / or (C-2), properties such as mechanical strength after curing of the curable composition are further improved.
- the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer having 10 or more carbon atoms in the alkyl group in the polymer (C-1) is a single (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer having 10 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. More preferred are (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomers having 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
- (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomers include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylate-n-butyl, (meth) Isobutyl acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid-tert-butyl, (meth) acrylic acid-n-hexyl, (meth) acrylic acid-n-heptyl, (meth) acrylic acid isoheptyl, (meth) acrylic acid-n-octyl -2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, n-nonyl (meth) acrylate, isononyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, ( (Meth) acrylic acid dodecyl, (meth) acrylic acid do
- the (mass ratio) is preferably 95/5 to 40/60.
- the monomer (mass ratio) is preferably 97/3 to 50/50.
- the acrylic polymer (C) may be copolymerized with, for example, the following acrylic monomers in addition to the (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer represented by the formula (11). That is, as the acrylic monomer, (meth) acrylic acid, hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate such as hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate; isocyanate alkyl (meth) acrylate such as isocyanate ethyl (meth) acrylate; 2-phenoxyethyl (meth) ) Phenoxyalkyl (meth) acrylate such as acrylate; (Hydrogenated) furfuryl group (meth) acrylate such as furfuryl (meth) acrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate; (Methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the like ( (Meth) acryloyloxyxyalkylalkoxysilane; polyal
- the acrylic polymer (C) may contain monomer units derived from unsaturated group-containing monomers other than those described above.
- unsaturated group-containing monomer include N-substituted or N, N-substituted (meth) acrylamides such as N, N-dimethylacrylamide; vinyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, methallyl glycidyl ether and the like.
- Saturated glycidyl ether Saturated glycidyl ether; glycidyl ester of unsaturated monocarboxylic acid such as glycidyl crotonate, glycidyl cinnamate, glycidyl vinyl benzoate; monoalkyl monoglycidyl ester or diglycidyl ester of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, chloro Styrene monomers such as styrene; cyano group-containing monomers such as acrylonitrile and 2,4-dicyanobutene-1; vinyl ester monomers such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate; dienes such as butadiene, isoprene and chloroprene Monomer; olefin; vinyl ethers; halogenated olefins; unsaturated esters.
- unsaturated monocarboxylic acid such as g
- the acrylic polymer (C) is obtained, for example, by polymerizing the above unsaturated group-containing monomer having a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer as an essential component by radical polymerization, anionic polymerization, cationic polymerization, or the like. ,can get.
- radical polymerization is preferable, and the form thereof may be any of solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, and bulk polymerization.
- a polymerization initiator is usually added as a radical source to the unsaturated group-containing monomer.
- the polymerization initiator the same ones as mentioned in the description of the reaction between the polyoxyalkylene chain-containing polymer having an unsaturated group and the mercapto compound are used.
- a polymerization initiator is not necessarily required.
- the above reaction is preferably carried out at 20 to 200 ° C. (preferably 50 to 150 ° C.) for several hours to several tens of hours.
- a chain transfer agent may be used for the purpose of controlling the molecular weight.
- the chain transfer agent include alkyl mercaptans such as n-dodecyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan, and n-butyl mercaptan, and ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer.
- the acrylic polymer (C) is prepared in advance by a method such as radical polymerization described above, and this can be mixed with other components to prepare a curable composition.
- an acrylic polymer (C) may be produced by polymerizing an unsaturated group-containing monomer in the presence of other components in the curable composition.
- the mixing step can be omitted, and the acrylic polymer (C) can be easily dispersed uniformly in the polymer (A).
- a part of the unsaturated group-containing monomer may be graft-polymerized to the polymer (A) having a reactive silicon group.
- the graft polymer functions as a compatibilizing agent, and the dispersibility of the acrylic polymer (C) is further improved.
- the acrylic polymer (C) has at least one reactive silicon group represented by the above formula (4), at least one of its terminal and side chain.
- R 41 in the above formula (4) the same as R 1 in the above formula (1) can be used, and the preferred embodiment is also the same.
- X 41 in the above formula (4) can be the same as X 1 in the above formula (1), and the preferred embodiment is also the same.
- B in the above formula (4) is the same as a in the above formula (1), and the preferred embodiment is also the same.
- the reactive silicon group of the polymer (A) coexisting in the curable composition of the present invention and the reactive silicon group of the acrylic polymer (C) may be the same or different.
- Examples of the method for introducing a reactive silicon group into the acrylic polymer (C) include the following methods (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv). A plurality of methods selected from these methods may be combined.
- R 13 represents a monovalent organic group having an unsaturated group.
- R 41 , X 41 and b in the formula (12) have the same meaning as in the formula (4).
- the compound represented by the formula (12) include vinylmethyldimethoxysilane, vinylmethyldiethoxysilane, vinylmethyldichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, tris (2 -Methoxyethoxy) vinylsilane such as vinylsilane; 3-acryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-acryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-methacryloyloxypropyl Examples include (meth) acryloyloxysilane such as trimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane.
- the amount of the unsaturated group-containing monomer having a reactive silicon group represented by formula (4) is 100% of all monomers used for the synthesis of the acrylic polymer (C).
- the amount is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass with respect to parts by mass.
- the chain transfer agent having a reactive silicon group represented by the formula (4) used in the method (ii) is represented by the compound represented by the following formula (13) or the following formula (14): Are preferred.
- R 14 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- R 41 , X 41 and b have the same meaning as in formula (4).
- R 41 and X 41 have the same meaning as in formula (4).
- R 15 and R 16 each represent a single bond or a divalent organic group, and c and d each independently represent an integer of 1 to 3.
- Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (13) include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, Examples include mercapto compounds having a reactive silicon group such as 3-mercaptopropyltriisopropenyloxysilane.
- Preferable specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (14) include (CH 3 O) 3 Si—SS—Si (OCH 3 ) 3 , (CH 3 O) 3 Si— (CH 2 ) 3 —. S—S— (CH 2 ) 3 —Si (OCH 3 ) 3 may be mentioned.
- an azo compound having a reactive silicon group can be used as the initiator having a reactive silicon group represented by the formula (4) used in the method (iii).
- an azo compound having a reactive silicon group can be used as the initiator having a reactive silicon group represented by the formula (4) used in the method (iii).
- Examples of the compound having a reactive silicon group represented by the formula (4) used in the method (iv) are those represented by the formula 10 for a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer having an isocyanate group.
- the mercapto compound which has the reactive silicon group represented by these can be used.
- the number average molecular weight Mn of the acrylic polymer (C) is preferably 500 to 100,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 100,000. When the Mn of the acrylic polymer (C) exceeds 100,000, the workability tends to decrease, and when the Mn is less than 500, the physical properties after curing tend to decrease.
- the reactive silicon group of the acrylic polymer (C) reacts with the reactive silicon group of the polymer (A) to form a bond, thereby curing after curing. It is considered that the mechanical strength of the product is improved, and the weather resistance of the curable composition and the cured product thereof is also improved.
- the acrylic polymer (C) preferably has a reactive silicon group at the terminal. Thereby, it becomes possible to further improve the elongation characteristics after curing of the curable composition.
- Such an acrylic polymer (C) having a reactive silicon group at the terminal can be obtained by, for example, the method (ii) or the method (iii).
- the mechanical strength of the cured product after curing is improved, and the weather resistance of the curable composition and the cured product thereof is also better.
- the acrylic polymer (C) is contained in the curable composition of the present invention, the content thereof is 5 to 70 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (C). It is preferably contained, and more preferably 20 to 60 parts by mass.
- the content ratio of the acrylic polymer (C) is 5 parts by mass or more, the effect of adding the component (C) is sufficiently obtained, and when it is 70 parts by mass or less, an appropriate viscosity of the curable composition is obtained. Is obtained and workability is good.
- the curable composition may contain a curing accelerator, a filler, a plasticizer, a dehydrating agent, a thixotropic agent, an antiaging agent, An adhesiveness-imparting agent may be contained.
- the curable composition includes a surface modifier, a solvent, a modulus regulator such as a compound that generates trimethylsilanol by hydrolysis such as phenoxytrimethylsilane, a compound that cures by air such as tung oil,
- a modulus regulator such as a compound that generates trimethylsilanol by hydrolysis such as phenoxytrimethylsilane
- a compound that cures by air such as tung oil
- a compound curable by light such as methylolpropane triacrylate, an inorganic pigment such as iron oxide, chromium oxide, and titanium oxide, or an organic pigment such as phthalocyanine blue and phthalocyanine green may be contained.
- the use of the pigment is effective not only for coloring but also for improving the weather resistance.
- known flame retardants and fungicides can be added to the curable composition. It is also possible to add a matting agent used in paint applications.
- the curable composition is not limited to these, and may contain other additives as necessary.
- Tin compounds include divalent tin compounds such as tin 2-ethylhexanoate, tin naphthenate, and stearate; dialkyltin dicarboxylates such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin monoacetate, dibutyltin malate, and dialkoxy Organotin carboxylate such as tin monocarboxylate, tin chelate compound such as dialkyltin bisacetylacetonate, dialkyltin monoacetylacetonate monoalkoxide, reaction product of dialkyltin oxide and ester compound, dialkyltin oxide and alkoxysilane compound And tetravalent tin compounds such as dialkyltin dialkyl sulfide.
- divalent tin compounds such as tin 2-ethylhexanoate, tin naphthenate, and stearate
- tin chelate compounds include dibutyltin bisacetylacetonate, dibutyltin bisethylacetoacetate, dibutyltin monoacetylacetonate monoalkoxide, and the like.
- reaction product of the dialkyltin oxide and the ester compound include tin compounds in which dibutyltin oxide and a phthalic acid ester such as dioctyl phthalate or diisononyl phthalate are mixed by heating and reacted to form a liquid.
- ester compound aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid esters other than phthalic acid esters, tetraethyl silicate and partial hydrolysis condensates thereof can be used. Further, compounds obtained by reacting or mixing these tin compounds with low-molecular alkoxysilanes or the like can also be preferably used.
- curing accelerators include divalent bismuth compounds such as organic carboxylic acid bismuth salts; acidic compounds such as phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, phthalic acid, and di-2-ethylhexyl phosphate; butylamine, hexylamine Aliphatic monoamines such as octylamine, decylamine, laurylamine, N, N-dimethyl-octylamine, aliphatic polyamine compounds such as ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, aromatic amine compounds And amine compounds such as alkanolamines and organic titanate compounds.
- divalent bismuth compounds such as organic carboxylic acid bismuth salts
- acidic compounds such as phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, phthalic acid, and di-2-ethylhexyl phosphat
- a divalent tin compound or a divalent bismuth compound is preferably used in combination with a primary amine compound in order to improve the curing acceleration effect.
- a hardening accelerator can also be used combining 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- the curable composition of the present invention does not need to contain a curing accelerator since a good curing rate can be obtained without containing a curing accelerator. When a curing accelerator is used, the curing rate can be further improved.
- the amount used is preferably 0.1 to 10.0 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (C). 5 to 5 parts by mass is more preferable.
- filler include heavy calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 1 to 20 ⁇ m, light calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 ⁇ m produced by a precipitation method, and colloidal carbonate whose surface is treated with a fatty acid or a resin acid organic substance.
- Calcium carbonate such as calcium and light calcium carbonate; fumed silica; precipitated silica; surface silicone-treated silica fine powder; anhydrous silicic acid; hydrous silicic acid; carbon black; magnesium carbonate; diatomaceous earth; Titanium oxide; Bentonite; Ferric oxide; Zinc oxide; Active zinc white; Shirasu balloon, Perlite, Glass balloon, Silica balloon, Fly ash balloon, Alumina balloon, Zirconia balloon, Carbon balloon and other inorganic hollow bodies; Phenol resin balloon , Epoxy resin balloon, urea resin balloon Organic resin hollow bodies such as plastics, polyvinylidene chloride resin balloons, polyvinylidene chloride-acrylic resin balloons, polystyrene balloons, polymethacrylate balloons, polyvinyl alcohol balloons, styrene-acrylic resin balloons, polyacrylonitrile balloons; resin beads, wood powder Powder fillers such as pulp, cotton chips, mica, walnut flour, rice flour, graphite, fine aluminum powder
- calcium carbonate is preferable, and it is particularly preferable to use heavy calcium carbonate and colloidal calcium carbonate in combination.
- a hollow body as a filler from the viewpoint that the curable composition and the cured product thereof can be reduced in weight.
- a hollow body it is possible to improve the workability by improving the stringiness of the composition.
- the hollow body may be used alone or in combination with other fillers such as calcium carbonate.
- Plasticizers include phthalates such as dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, and isononyl phthalate; aliphatic carboxylic acid esters such as dioctyl adipate, diisodecyl succinate, dibutyl sebacate, and butyl oleate Alcohol esters such as pentaerythritol ester; phosphate esters such as trioctyl phosphate and tricresyl phosphate; epoxy plasticizers such as epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl 4,5-epoxyhexahydrophthalate, and benzyl epoxy stearate; Chlorinated paraffins; polyester plasticizers such as polyesters obtained by reacting dibasic acids with dihydric alcohols; polyoxypropylene glycol and its derivatives, such as the hydroxyl group of polyoxypropylene glycol Polyethers such as
- a dehydrating agent In order to further improve the storage stability, a small amount of a dehydrating agent can be added to the curable composition as long as it does not adversely affect the curability and flexibility.
- the dehydrating agent include alkyl orthoformate such as methyl orthoformate and ethyl orthoformate, alkyl orthoacetate such as methyl orthoacetate and ethyl orthoacetate, methyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane.
- Examples include hydrolyzable organic silicon compounds and hydrolyzable organic titanium compounds.
- vinyltrimethoxysilane or tetraethoxysilane is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of cost and effect.
- the curable composition is handled as a product known as a one-component combination type filled in a moisture-proof container in a state containing a curing accelerator, it is effective to use this dehydrating agent.
- Thixotropic agent By including the thixotropic agent, the sagging property of the curable composition is improved.
- the thixotropic agent include hydrogenated castor oil and fatty acid amide, and any amount thereof is used.
- antioxidants As the anti-aging agent, generally used antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers or light stabilizers can be used as appropriate. Specifically, hindered amine, benzotriazole, benzophenone, benzoate, cyanoacrylate, acrylate, hindered phenol, phosphorus, or sulfur compounds can be appropriately used as the antioxidant. In particular, it is preferable to use a combination of two or all selected from the group consisting of a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, and an ultraviolet absorber because they are effective as a whole taking advantage of their respective characteristics. Specifically, it is preferable to combine a tertiary or secondary hindered amine light stabilizer, a benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber, a hindered phenol type and / or a phosphite type antioxidant.
- adhesion-imparting agent examples include organic silane coupling agents such as silane having a (meth) acryloyloxy group, silane having an amino group, silane having an epoxy group, and silane having a carboxyl group; Organometallic coupling agents such as aminoethyl-aminoethyl) propyltrimethoxytitanate, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethotitanate; and epoxy resins.
- silane having an amino group examples include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxy.
- Silane N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (N-vinyl Benzyl-2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane or 3-anilinopropyltrimethoxysilane.
- epoxy resin examples include bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin, bisphenol F-diglycidyl ether type epoxy resin, tetrabromobisphenol A-glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, novolac type epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy.
- glycidyl ether-type epoxy resin of bisphenol A-propylene oxide adduct glycidyl 4-glycidyloxybenzoate, diglycidyl phthalate, diglycidyl tetrahydrophthalate, diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, diglycidyl ester epoxy resin, m-aminophenol Epoxy resin, diaminodiphenylmethane epoxy resin, urethane-modified epoxy resin, N, N-diglycidylaniline, N, N-diglycidyl-o Toluidine, triglycidyl isocyanurate, polyalkylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols (glycerin.), Hydantoin type epoxy resin or an unsaturated polymer (petroleum resin.) Epoxy resin.
- the addition amount is 0.1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (C). Is preferred.
- the addition amount is preferably 100 parts by mass or less, preferably 10 to 80 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer (A) and the acrylic polymer (C). Is more preferable.
- the polymer (A), amidine derivative salt (B) and acrylic polymer (C) were produced as follows.
- the synthesis reaction was performed using a pressure-resistant reaction vessel equipped with a nitrogen introduction tube and a stirring device and capable of adjusting the internal temperature.
- polymer (A1) an oxypropylene polymer (hereinafter referred to as “polymer (A1)”) converted into a polymer was obtained.
- the viscosity of the obtained polymer (A1) was 12.0 Pa ⁇ s (25 ° C.), Mn was 15,000, and Mw / Mn was 1.2.
- this allyl group-terminated oxypropylene polymer is reacted with methyldimethoxysilane in the presence of a platinum catalyst to give an oxypropylene polymer (A) having a methyldimethoxysilyl group at the terminal (hereinafter referred to as “polymer”).
- A2) oxypropylene polymer having a methyldimethoxysilyl group at the terminal
- the viscosity of the obtained polymer (A2) was 9.0 Pa ⁇ s (25 ° C.), Mn was 17,000, and Mw / Mn was 1.4.
- a polymer (A) was produced by a method in which an isocyanate compound (U) was urethanated with a polymer (pP) having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a hydroxyl group.
- polymer (pP) having a polyoxyalkylene chain and a hydroxyl group.
- polymer (P- 1) polyoxypropylene diol (Mn 1,000) is subjected to ring-opening polymerization of PO to produce polyoxyalkylene diol (Mn 16,000, hydroxyl value 7.7) (polymer (P- 1)) was obtained.
- polymer (A3) was obtained.
- the viscosity of the obtained polymer (A3) was 20.0 Pa ⁇ s (25 ° C.), Mn was 17000, and Mw / Mn was 1.38.
- 2EHA represents 2-ethylhexyl acrylate
- KBM602 product name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- N-2 aminoethyl 3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane.
- PO is reacted with polyoxypropylene triol (Mw: 1,000) as an initiator in the presence of a zinc hexacyanocobaltate-tertiary butyl alcohol complex catalyst to give a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 10,000.
- a polyoxypropylene triol (polymer (P-2)) having a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of 1.2 was obtained.
- 2,000 g of the polymer (P-2) obtained above was put into a 3,000 ml pressure-resistant reactor, heated to 110 ° C., and vacuum dehydrated.
- TDI-80 product name, manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane
- DBTDL dibutyltin dilaurate
- acrylic polymer (C1) An acrylate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “acrylic polymer (C1)”) was synthesized.
- the “polymer mixture (A1 ⁇ C1) containing polymer (A1) and acrylic polymer (C1)” thus obtained was dissolved in hexane, centrifuged, extracted, and the acrylic polymer ( The number average molecular weight (Mn) of C1) was measured and found to be 4,000.
- ⁇ Filler> ⁇ White gloss flower CCR (product name), surface treated calcium carbonate, manufactured by Shiroishi Kogyo Co., Ltd. ⁇ Whiteon SB (product name), heavy calcium carbonate, manufactured by Shiraishi Calcium.
- DOP dioctyl phthalate.
- ⁇ Thixotropic agent> ⁇ Dispalon 6500 (product name), hydrogenated castor oil, manufactured by Enomoto Kasei.
- a one-component curable composition was prepared with the formulation shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- the blending amount of the polymer mixture (A1 ⁇ C1) in Tables 1 and 2 is the total amount of the polymer (A1) and the acrylic polymer (C1).
- a filler, a plasticizer, and a thixotropic agent were added to the polymer, followed by stirring with a planetary stirrer (manufactured by Kurabo Industries). The temperature of the mixture was lowered to room temperature to obtain a more uniform mixture with three rolls.
- a dehydrating agent and an adhesion-imparting agent were added and stirred.
- amidine derivative salts (B1 to B3) were added as a curing catalyst and stirred to obtain a curable composition.
- Example 11 A two-pack curable composition comprising a main agent and a curing agent was produced.
- a mixture of the polymer (A1), a filler, a thixotropic agent, a dehydrating agent, and an adhesion promoter was prepared and used as a main agent.
- a mixture of a plasticizer and an amidine derivative salt (B2) was prepared and used as a curing agent.
- a film was formed using the curable composition obtained in each example.
- the two-component cured product composition was stored at room temperature (23 ° C.) for 4 weeks after preparation, and the main agent and the curing agent were mixed and used for film formation at the time of use.
- Each curable composition was applied on a substrate made of polypropylene so as to have a thickness of 5 mm and cured in an environment of 23 ° C. and humidity of 50%.
- the time from immediately after application until the polymer was not attached to the finger even if the surface was lightly touched with the finger was measured as the surface film formation time.
- the results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The shorter the surface film formation time, the faster the curing rate. Tables 1 and 2 also show whether or not organic tin is contained.
- the addition amount of the zinc hexacyanocobaltate complex catalyst used at the time of preparation of the polymer (A) is an extremely small amount of about 200 ppm (1.6 ppm as a metal amount), it hardly affects the curability.
- Examples 1 to 11 using the amidine derivative salt (B1 to 3) according to the present invention as a curing catalyst are quaternary ammonium salts that do not satisfy the above formula (2) ( The surface film formation time is shorter and the curing rate is faster than Comparative Examples 1 to 4 using B4).
- Comparative Example 5 using an organic bismuth catalyst as the curing catalyst has a very slow curing rate.
- Comparative Examples 6 and 7 using an organotin catalyst the polymer (A3) cures quickly in Comparative Example 7 having a urethane bond, but in Comparative Example 6 using a polymer (A1) having no urethane bond. Curing was slow and curing was slow even compared to Example 2 where the composition other than the curing catalyst was the same.
- Example 12 and Comparative Example 8 The difference in effect was examined when DBU salt was used as the curing catalyst (Example 12) and when DBU not forming salt was used (Comparative Example 8). That is, a curable composition was prepared with the formulation shown in Table 3, and the characteristics were evaluated.
- Example 12 To 30 parts by mass of the polymer (A3) obtained in Production Example 3, 0.1 part by mass of water, 20 parts by mass of DOP, and 10 parts by mass of Whiten SB were added and mixed uniformly. 0.6 parts by mass of the salt (B2) was added and stirred and mixed uniformly to prepare a curable composition.
- Example 12 a curable composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 12 except that DBU (manufactured by San Apro, product name: DBU) was used instead of the amidine derivative salt (B2).
- DBU manufactured by San Apro, product name: DBU
- the hardness was measured by measuring the five points using a digital hardness meter DD2-C type (manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) and calculating the average value. Table 3 shows the measurement results of the final hardness. Further, the ratio (initial curing rate) of the hardness (initial hardness) of the cured product a to the hardness (final hardness) of the final cured product b was calculated. The results are shown in Table 3. The larger the initial curing rate, the faster the initial curing rate and the greater the rise in hardness.
- Example 12 has a faster initial curing rate and a greater rise in hardness than Comparative Example 8. Moreover, it turns out that the bleed-out and discoloration in hardened
- a polymer having a reactive silicon group is contained as a curing component, and it is expensive and does not contain any or almost any organometallic compound that requires strict management regarding discharge and disposal, and has a high curing rate. It is extremely useful because a composition is obtained.
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Abstract
Description
この重合体を硬化させる硬化触媒としては、種々のものが知られており、例えば特許文献1には、ジブチルスズジラウレート、オクチル酸スズ、オクチル酸鉛などのような有機金属化合物を使用することが記載されている。
また特許文献2には、反応性ケイ素基を有する有機重合体を硬化させるシラノール縮合触媒として、R1N=CR2-NR3 2で表され、融点が23℃未満であり、かつ分子量が160以上のアミジン化合物を用いることが記載されている。
また特許文献2にシラノール縮合触媒として記載されているアミジン化合物は塩を形成しておらず、かかるアミジン化合物を硬化触媒として用いると重合体の硬化速度が遅くなる場合があり、特に立ち上がり時の硬化が遅くなりやすい。また、アミジン化合物を硬化触媒として用いると硬化物が経時で変色する場合がある。
-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(1)
[式中、R1は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X1は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、aは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R1が複数存在するとき複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X1が複数存在するとき複数のX1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
重合体(A)が、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖と水酸基を有する重合体(pP)に、下式(3)で表される基とイソシアネート基を有するイソシアネート化合物(U)をウレタン化反応させて得られる重合体であり、かつ該ウレタン化反応における重合体(pP)の水酸基の総数に対するイソシアネート化合物(U)のイソシアネート基の総数の比(イソシアネート基/水酸基)が0.80~1.10であってもよい。
-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(3)
[式中、R1は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X1は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、aは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R1が複数存在するとき複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X1が複数存在するとき複数のX1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
重合体(A)100質量部に対して、アミジン誘導体塩(B)0.1~10質量部を含有することが好ましい。
-SiX41 bR41 3-b・・・(4)
[式中、R41は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X41は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、bは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R41が複数存在するとき複数のR41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X41が複数存在するとき複数のX41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
アクリル重合体(C)を含有する場合、重合体(A)およびアクリル重合体(C)の合計100質量部に対して、アミジン誘導体塩(B)0.1~10質量部を含有することが好ましい。
反応性ケイ素基を有する重合体(A)の数平均分子量が2,000から50,000であってもよい。
本発明で用いられる重合体(A)(以下、(A)成分ということもある。)は、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖を有する重合体である。該ポリオキシアルキレン鎖の好適な具体例としては、ポリオキシエチレン鎖、ポリオキシプロピレン鎖、ポリオキシブチレン鎖、ポリオキシヘキシレン鎖、ポリオキシテトラメチレン鎖、及び「2種以上の環状エーテルの共重合物からなる分子鎖」が挙げられる。重合体(A)の主鎖は、これらのうち1種からなる分子鎖であってもよく、複数種を組み合わせた分子鎖であってもよい。重合体(A)としては、特に、実質的にポリオキシプロピレン鎖のみを主鎖とするものが好ましい。
R1には後述の加水分解性基は含まれないものとする。
R1は、炭素数8以下のアルキル基であることが好ましく、メチル基であることがより好ましい。同一分子中にR1が複数存在するときは、それら複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。
-R0-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(5)
式(5)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて、式(1)におけるのと同義である。また、R0は2価の有機基を示す。R0としては、エーテル結合、ウレタン結合、エステル結合又はカーボネート結合を有していてもよい炭素数1~10のアルキレン基が好ましい。
ケイ素原子に2個以上のX1が結合している場合、それらX1は同一でも異なっていてもよい。また、重合体(A)が式(1)の反応性ケイ素基を複数有する場合、それらは全てが同一でもよく、異なる2種以上の基を含んでいてもよい。
さらに、分子中にウレタン結合を有すると接着性、速硬化性に優れることから(ロ)、(ハ)、(ニ)又は(ホ)の方法が好ましく、合成時の粘度上昇を押さえることができ作業性に優れる(ロ)の方法が特に好ましい。
HSiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(6)
式(6)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同義である。
また、不飽和基を有するポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体としては、アリル末端ポリオキシプロピレンモノオール等の、不飽和基を有するポリオキシアルキレンも好適に用いることができる。
-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(3)
[式中、R1は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X1は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、aは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R1が複数存在するとき複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X1が複数存在するとき複数のX1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
OCN-R6-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(3-1)
式(3)および(3-1)におけるR1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同義である。また、R6は炭素数1~17の2価の炭化水素基を示す。式(3-1)で表されるイソシアネート化合物としては、1-イソシアネートメチルトリメトキシシラン、1-イソシアネートメチルトリエトキシシラン、1-イソシアネートメチルメチルジメトキシシラン、3-イソシアネートプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
特に速硬化性に優れることから3-イソシアネートプロピルトリメトキシシラン又は1-イソシアネートメチルメチルジメトキシシランが好ましい。
この方法は製造工程数が少ないために工程時間を大幅に短縮でき、製造工程途中で副生する不純物もなく、精製等の煩雑な操作も不要である。
NCO/OH比率が上記範囲の下限値以上であると、貯蔵安定性が良好となる。したがって、NCO比率が上記範囲に満たない場合は、新たにイソシアネートシラン化合物(U)またはモノイソシアネート化合物を反応させ、過剰のOH基を消費することが好ましい。NCO/OH比率が上記範囲の上限値以下であると、ウレタン化反応における副反応(アロファネート化反応、イソシアヌレート化反応等)が抑制されると考えられ、硬化性組成物が増粘しにくい。
この方法によれば、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体(pP)の末端に、ウレタン結合を有する連結基を介して反応性ケイ素基が結合している重合体(A)が得られる。
ポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体(pP)とポリイソシアネート化合物とのウレタン化反応において、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体(pP)の水酸基(OH)の総数に対し、ポリイソシアネート化合物のイソシアネート基(NCO)の総数の比(イソシアネート基/水酸基)が、モル比でNCO/OH=1.5~2.5であることが好ましい。該NCO/OH(モル比)は1.7~2.0がより好ましい。
NCO/OH比率が上記範囲の下限値以上であると、貯蔵安定性が良好となり、上記範囲の上限値以下であると、ウレタン化反応における副反応が抑制されると考えられ、硬化性組成物が増粘しにくい。
W-R7-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(7)
式(7)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同じである。また、R7は炭素数1~17の2価の炭化水素基を示し、Wは活性水素を有する置換基を示す。Wの好適な具体例としては、水酸基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基及び1級若しくは2級のアミノ基が挙げられる。この方法においては、プレポリマー(iP)の末端のイソシアネート基と、活性水素を有する置換基Wとの反応により、反応性ケイ素基が導入される。
式(7)で表されるケイ素化合物の具体例としては、N-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシランと2-エチルヘキシルアクリレートとの反応物や、N-フェニル-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
この方法によれば、ウレタン結合を有するプレポリマー(uP)の末端において、上記不飽和基から誘導される一価基に反応性ケイ素基が結合している重合体(A)が得られる。
HSiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(8)
式(8)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同義である。
プレポリマー(uP)は、例えば、水酸基を有するポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体(pP)と、イソシアネート基及び不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応させる方法で得られる。この反応においては、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体(pP)の水酸基と、イソシアネート基との反応により、ウレタン結合が形成される。
プレポリマー(uP)とヒドロシリル化合物との反応は、白金系触媒、ロジウム系触媒、コバルト系触媒、パラジウム系触媒、ニッケル系触媒などの触媒の存在下で行うことが好ましい。これらの中でも、塩化白金酸、白金金属、塩化白金、白金オレフィン錯体などの白金系触媒が好ましい。また、この反応は、30~150℃、好ましくは60~120℃で数時間行うことが好ましい。
この方法によれば、ウレタン結合を有するプレポリマー(uP)の末端において、上記不飽和基から誘導される一価基に、メルカプト化合物に由来する連結基(-S-R4-)を介して反応性ケイ素基が結合している重合体(A)が得られる。
HS-R8-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(9)
式(9)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同義である。R8は炭素数1~17の2価の炭化水素基を示す。式(9)で表されるメルカプト化合物としては、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
プレポリマー(uP)と上記メルカプト化合物との反応は、ラジカル発生剤などの重合開始剤の存在下で好適に行うことができる。あるいは、重合開始剤を用いるのに代えて、放射線または熱によって反応を進行させてもよい。重合開始剤としては、例えば、パーオキシド系、アゾ系、レドックス系等の重合開始剤、又は金属化合物触媒が挙げられる。重合開始剤の好適な具体例としては、2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス-2-メチルブチロニトリル、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、t-アルキルパーオキシエステル、アセチルパーオキシド又はジイソプロピルパーオキシカーボネートが挙げられる。また上記反応は20~200℃、好ましくは50~150℃で数時間~数十時間行うことが好ましい。
HS-R9-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(10)
式(10)中、R1、X1及びaは、その好ましい態様も含めて式(1)におけるのと同義である。R9は炭素数1~17の2価の炭化水素基を示す。式(10)で表されるメルカプト化合物としては、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン等が挙げられる。
不飽和基を有するポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体としては、上記方法(イ)におけるものと同様のものを使用できる。
Mw/Mnが小さな重合体(A)は、上述のように、複合金属シアン化物錯体を触媒として用いて、開始剤の存在下、環状エーテルを重合させる方法により所望のMw/Mnを有するポリオキシアルキレン鎖含有重合体を得て、これの末端を変性して反応性ケイ素基を導入する方法で得られるものであることが、好ましい。
または、本発明の硬化性組成物を調製する際に、重合体(A)と、それ以外の他の重合体との混合物を用いてもよい。該他の重合体は、例えば不飽和基含有単量体を重合して得られる重合体であり、後述するアクリル重合体(C)であってもよい。該「重合体(A)と、それ以外の他の重合体との混合物」は、重合体(A)と不飽和基含有単量体を混合した状態で不飽和基含有単量体を重合して得た重合体混合物であってもよい。該他の重合体は、重合体(A)中に、微粒子状に均一に分散していてもよいし、均一に溶解していてもよい。硬化性組成物の粘度や作業性を考慮すると、他の重合体は微粒子状に均一に分散していることが好ましい。
本発明で用いられるアミジン誘導体塩(B)(以下、(B)成分ということがある。)は上式(2)で示される化合物である。
R3及び2つのR4は、それぞれ独立に有機基又は水素原子である。R3またはR4としての有機基は、入手性及び硬化性の点から、炭素数1~20の炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素数1~10の炭化水素基がより好ましい。
R5は炭素数1~25の直鎖もしくは分岐の、飽和もしくは不飽和の炭化水素基、または水素原子である。R5としての炭化水素基の炭素数は1~20が好ましく、1~12がより好ましい。R5は、良好な硬化性が得られる点で水素原子であることが好ましい。R5が炭化水素基であると耐ブリードアウト性に優れる。
R3及び2つのR4は、それぞれ独立に有機基又は水素原子である。R3またはR4としての有機基は、入手性及び硬化性の点から、炭素数1~20の炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素数1~10の炭化水素基がより好ましい。
R5は炭素数1~25の直鎖もしくは分岐の、飽和もしくは不飽和の炭化水素基、または水素原子である。R5としての炭化水素基の炭素数は1~20が好ましく、1~12がより好ましい。R5は、良好な硬化性が得られる点で水素原子であることが好ましい。R5が炭化水素基であると耐ブリードアウト性に優れる。
特に(B)成分は下式(2a)で表される塩が好ましい。
R22はR3と1つのR4が結合した2価基であり、2価の有機基である。R22は炭素数1~10の2価の炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素数1~6のアルキレン基がより好ましい。
R5およびX2は、好ましい態様も含めて式(2)におけるのと同義である。
式(2a)で表されるアミジン誘導体塩(B)として、例えば下式(2b)で表される1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(以下、DBUという)から誘導される塩、または下式(2c)で表される1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン(以下、DBNという。)から誘導される塩が好ましい。
式(2a)で表されるアミジン誘導体塩(B)は市販品から入手可能である。例えば、U-CAT SA1(DBUのフェノール塩)、U-CAT SA102(DBUのオクチル酸塩)、U-CAT SA106(DBUのオレイン酸塩配合物)、U-CAT SA506(DBUのp-トルエンスルホン酸塩)、U-CAT SA603(DBUの蟻酸塩)、U-CAT SA1(DBUのフェノール塩)又はU-CAT 1102(DBNのオクチル酸塩)(いずれも製品名、サンアプロ社製)が挙げられる。
本発明の硬化性組成物における(B)成分の使用量は、(A)成分100質量部に対して、また後述の(C)成分を含有する場合は(A)成分と(C)成分の合計量100質量部に対して、0.1~10質量部が好ましく、0.5~5質量部がより好ましい。該(B)成分の使用量が0.1質量部以上であると硬化が十分に進み、10質量部以下であると硬化物の強度が低下しにくい。
(B)成分はアミジン誘導体の塩であり、後述の実施例及び比較例に示されるように、塩を形成していないアミジン誘導体を用いる場合よりも良好な硬化性が得られ、硬化性組成物を速く硬化させることができる。特に硬度の立ち上がりが大きくなる。また(B)成分は、塩を形成していないアミジン誘導体に比べてpHを低くすることができ、これによって取り扱い性を向上させることができる。例えば、DBUのpHは13程度であるが、DBUのフェノール塩のpHは11.5程度であり、DBUのオクチル酸塩のpHは9程度である。
また、(B)成分は、塩を形成していないアミジン誘導体に比べて、硬化物が経時で変色することが少ない。このことは、これによって色が変化しないことを必要とするシーラントや接着剤用途において好ましい。
本発明の硬化性組成物は下式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有し、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体単位を含むアクリル重合体(C)(以下、(C)成分ということもある。)を含んでもよい。
-SiX41 bR41 3-b・・・(4)
[式中、R41は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X41は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、bは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R41が複数存在するとき複数のR41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X41が複数存在するとき複数のX41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
アクリル重合体(C)に含まれる(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体単位の種類や数は制限されない。
CH2=CR10COOR11・・・(11)
式(11)中、R10は水素原子又はメチル基を示し、R11は「アルキル基以外の炭化水素基」で置換されていてもよいアルキル基を示す。
前記重合体(C-1)におけるアルキル基の炭素数が10以上である(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体としては、アルキル基の炭素数が10~30の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体がより好ましく、アルキル基の炭素数が10~22の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体がさらに好ましい。
前記重合体(C-2)においては、アルキル基の炭素数が1~2の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体/アルキル基の炭素数が3~10の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体(質量比)は97/3~50/50であることが好ましい。
連鎖移動剤としては、n-ドデシルメルカプタン、t-ドデシルメルカプタン、n-ブチルメルカプタン等のアルキルメルカプタン類や、α-メチルスチレンダイマー等が挙げられる。
上式(4)におけるR41は、上式(1)におけるR1と同様のものを用いることができ、好ましい態様も同様である。
上式(4)におけるX41は、上式(1)におけるX1と同様のものを用いることができ、好ましい態様も同様である。
上式(4)におけるbは、上式(1)におけるaと同様であり、好ましい態様も同様である。
本発明の硬化性組成物中に共在する重合体(A)の反応性ケイ素基と、アクリル重合体(C)の反応性ケイ素基とは同じであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
(i):不飽和基含有重合体の重合によりアクリル重合体(C)を合成する際に、式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する不飽和基含有単量体を共重合する方法。
(ii):不飽和基含有重合体の重合によりアクリル重合体(C)を合成する際に、式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する連鎖移動剤を用いる方法。
(iii):不飽和基含有重合体の重合によりアクリル重合体(C)を合成する際に、式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する開始剤を用いる方法。
(iv):水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、イソシアネート基、エポキシ基等の官能基を有するアクリル重合体を合成し、これに、当該官能基と反応する官能基及び式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する化合物を反応させる方法。
R13-SiX41 bR41 3-b・・・(12)
式(12)中、R13は不飽和基を有する1価の有機基を示す。式(12)におけるR41、X41及びbは、式(4)におけるものと同義である。
式(12)で表される化合物の好適な具体例としては、ビニルメチルジメトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジエトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジクロロシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリクロロシラン、トリス(2-メトキシエトキシ)ビニルシラン等のビニルシラン;3-アクリロイルオキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3-アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン等の(メタ)アクリロイルオキシシランが挙げられる。
HS-R14-SiX41 bR41 3-b・・・(13)
式(13)中、R14は、単結合又は2価の有機基を示す。R41、X41及びbは、式(4)におけるものと同義である。
上記(iii)の方法において用いられる、式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する開始剤としては、反応性ケイ素基を有するアゾ化合物を用いることができる。
上記(iv)の方法において用いられる、式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する化合物の例としては、イソシアネート基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル共重合体に対しては式10で表される反応性ケイ素基を有するメルカプト化合物を用いることができる。
特に、アクリル重合体(C)は、反応性ケイ素基を末端に有することが好ましい。これにより、硬化性組成物の硬化後の伸び特性をより一層向上させることが可能になる。このような、末端に反応性ケイ素基を有するアクリル重合体(C)は、例えば、上記(ii)の方法や、上記(iii)の方法によって、得ることができる。
本発明の硬化性組成物にアクリル重合体(C)を含有させる場合、その含有量は、重合体(A)及びアクリル重合体(C)の合計量100質量部に対して5~70質量部含有することが好ましく、20~60質量部含有することがより好ましい。該アクリル重合体(C)の含有量の比率が5質量部以上であると、(C)成分の添加効果が充分に得られ、70質量部以下であると、硬化性組成物の適度な粘度が得られ作業性が良い。
硬化性組成物は、上記(A)~(C)成分の他に、必要に応じて、以下に説明する硬化促進剤、充填剤、可塑剤、脱水剤、チキソ性付与剤、老化防止剤又は接着性付与剤を含有していてもよい。
更に、硬化性組成物は、これらの他にも、表面改質剤、溶剤、フェノキシトリメチルシランなど加水分解によりトリメチルシラノールを発生する化合物などのモジュラス調整剤、桐油などの空気によって硬化する化合物、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレートなどの光によって硬化する化合物、酸化鉄、酸化クロム、酸化チタン等の無機顔料又はフタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニングリーン等の有機顔料を含有していてもよい。顔料の使用は、着色のみならず耐候性の向上という目的でも効果的である。また、公知の難燃剤や防かび剤などを硬化性組成物に添加するともできる。塗料用途に使用されている艶消し剤を添加することも可能である。硬化性組成物は、これらに限らず、必要に応じて他の添加剤を含有していてもよい。
硬化促進剤としては、例えばスズ化合物が挙げられる。スズ化合物としては、2-エチルヘキサン酸スズ、ナフテン酸スズ、ステアリン酸スズ等の2価スズ化合物;ジブチルスズジラウレート、ジブチルスズジアセテート、ジブチルスズモノアセテート、ジブチルスズマレート等のジアルキルスズジカルボキシレートやジアルコキシスズモノカルボキシレートのような有機スズカルボン酸塩、ジアルキルスズビスアセチルアセトナート、ジアルキルスズモノアセチルアセトナートモノアルコキシド等のスズキレート化合物、ジアルキルスズオキシドとエステル化合物の反応物、ジアルキルスズオキシドとアルコキシシラン化合物の反応物、ジアルキルスズジアルキルスルフィド等の4価スズ化合物が挙げられる。
ジアルキルスズオキシドとエステル化合物の反応物としては、ジブチルスズオキシドとフタル酸ジオクチルやフタル酸ジイソノニル等のフタル酸エステルとを加熱混合して反応させ液状にしたスズ化合物が挙げられる。この場合、エステル化合物としてはフタル酸エステル以外の脂肪族、芳香族カルボン酸のエステル、テトラエチルシリケートやその部分加水分解縮合物なども使用できる。また、これらのスズ化合物を低分子アルコキシシランなどと反応あるいは混合した化合物も好ましく使用できる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、硬化促進剤を含有させなくても良好な硬化速度が得られるため、硬化促進剤を実質的に含まなくてもよい。硬化促進剤を用いると、硬化速度をより向上させることができる。
硬化促進剤を使用する場合の使用量は、重合体(A)及びアクリル重合体(C)の合計量100質量部に対して0.1~10.0質量部であることが好ましく、0.5~5質量部がより好ましい。
充填剤の具体例としては、平均粒径1~20μmの重質炭酸カルシウム、沈降法により製造した平均粒径1~3μmの軽質炭酸カルシウム、表面を脂肪酸や樹脂酸系有機物で表面処理した膠質炭酸カルシウム、軽微性炭酸カルシウム等の炭酸カルシウム;フュームドシリカ;沈降性シリカ;表面シリコーン処理シリカ微粉体;無水ケイ酸;含水ケイ酸;カーボンブラック;炭酸マグネシウム;ケイソウ土;焼成クレー;クレー;タルク;酸化チタン;ベントナイト;酸化第二鉄;酸化亜鉛;活性亜鉛華;シラスバルーン、パーライト、ガラスバルーン、シリカバルーン、フライアッシュバルーン、アルミナバルーン、ジルコニアバルーン、カーボンバルーン等の無機質の中空体;フェノール樹脂バルーン、エポキシ樹脂バルーン、尿素樹脂バルーン、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂バルーン、ポリ塩化ビニリデン-アクリル樹脂バルーン、ポリスチレンバルーン、ポリメタクリレートバルーン、ポリビニルアルコールバルーン、スチレン-アクリル系樹脂バルーン、ポリアクリロニトリルバルーン等の有機樹脂中空体;樹脂ビーズ、木粉、パルプ、木綿チップ、マイカ、くるみ穀粉、もみ穀粉、グラファイト、アルミニウム微粉末、フリント粉末等の粉体状充填剤;ガラス繊維、ガラスフィラメント、炭素繊維、ケブラー繊維、ポリエチレンファイバー等の繊維状充填剤が挙げられる。これらの充填剤は単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
可塑剤としては、フタル酸ジオクチル、フタル酸ジブチル、フタル酸ブチルベンジル、フタル酸イソノニル等のフタル酸エステル類;アジピン酸ジオクチル、コハク酸ジイソデシル、セバシン酸ジブチル、オレイン酸ブチル等の脂肪族カルボン酸エステル;ペンタエリスリトールエステルなどのアルコールエステル類;リン酸トリオクチル、リン酸トリクレジル等のリン酸エステル類;エポキシ化大豆油、4,5-エポキシヘキサヒドロフタル酸ジオクチル、エポキシステアリン酸ベンジル等のエポキシ可塑剤;塩素化パラフィン;2塩基酸と2価アルコールとを反応させてなるポリエステル類などのポリエステル系可塑剤;ポリオキシプロピレングリコールやその誘導体、例えばポリオキシプロピレングリコールの水酸基をアルキルエーテルで封止したようなポリエーテル類、ポリ-α-メチルスチレン、ポリスチレン等のポリスチレンのオリゴマー類、ポリブタジエン、ブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体、ポリクロロプレン、ポリイソプレン、ポリブテン、水添ポリブテン、エポキシ化ポリブタジエン等のオリゴマー類等の高分子可塑剤が挙げられる。これら可塑剤は、例えば、フタル酸エステルとエポキシ可塑剤等の異なる種類の2種以上の併用も可能である。
硬化性組成物は、貯蔵安定性をさらに改良するために、硬化性や柔軟性に悪影響を及ぼさない範囲で少量の脱水剤を添加することできる。脱水剤としては、オルトギ酸メチル、オルトギ酸エチル等のオルトギ酸アルキル、オルト酢酸メチル、オルト酢酸エチル等のオルト酢酸アルキル、メチルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、テトラメトキシシラン、テトラエトキシシラン等の加水分解性有機シリコン化合物、加水分解性有機チタン化合物等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、ビニルトリメトキシシラン又はテトラエトキシシランがコスト及び効果の点から特に好ましい。特に、硬化性組成物が、硬化促進剤を含有した状態で防湿容器に充填された1液配合タイプとして知られる製品として取り扱われる場合、この脱水剤を用いることが有効である。
チキソ性付与剤を含有することにより、硬化性組成物の垂れ性が改善される。このチキソ性付与剤としては、水添ひまし油、脂肪酸アミド等が挙げられ、これらの任意の量が使用される。
老化防止剤として、一般に用いられている酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤又は光安定剤が適宜用いることができる。具体的には、ヒンダードアミン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、ベンゾフェノン系、ベンゾエート系、シアノアクリレート系、アクリレート系、ヒンダードフェノール系、リン系又は硫黄系の各化合物を老化防止剤として適宜使用できる。特に、光安定剤、酸化防止剤及び紫外線吸収剤からなる群から選ばれる2つ又はすべてを組み合わせて使用することが、それぞれの特徴を生かして全体として効果的であるため、好ましい。具体的には、3級又は2級のヒンダードアミン系光安定剤、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤、ヒンダードフェノール系および又はホスファイト系酸化防止剤を組み合わせることが好ましい。
接着性付与剤の具体例としては、(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ基を有するシラン、アミノ基を有するシラン、エポキシ基を有するシラン、カルボキシル基を有するシラン等の有機シランカップリング剤;イソプロピルトリ(N-アミノエチル-アミノエチル)プロピルトリメトキシチタネート、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキチタネート等の有機金属カップリング剤;エポキシ樹脂が挙げられる。
硬化性組成物に前記エポキシ樹脂を添加する場合、その添加量は重合体(A)及びアクリル重合体(C)の合計量100質量部に対して100質量部以下が好ましく、10~80質量部がより好ましい。
[製造例]
重合体(A)、アミジン誘導体塩(B)及びアクリル重合体(C)を、以下のようにして製造した。なお、以下の製造例においては、窒素導入管および撹拌装置を備え、内温調節が可能な耐圧反応容器を用いて合成反応を行った。
プロピレングリコールを開始剤とし、亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテート-ターシャリーブチルアルコール錯体触媒の存在下で、プロピレンオキシド(以下「PO」という。)を反応させて、数平均分子量(Mn)が15,000で、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2のポリオキシプロピレンジオールを得た。このポリオキシプロピレンジオールに、ポリオキシプロピレンジオール中の水酸基1モルに対して1.05モルとなる量のナトリウムメトキシドを含有するメタノール溶液を添加した。そして、減圧下130℃に加熱してメタノールを留去することにより、ポリオキシプロピレンジオールの水酸基をナトリウムアルコキシドとした後、添加したナトリウムメトキシドに対して1.05倍モルの塩化アリルを添加して反応させた。未反応の塩化アリルを除去後、副生した無機塩を除去して、粘度が10.0Pa・s(25℃)のアリル基末端のオキシプロプレン重合体を得た。
さらに、このアリル基末端のオキシプロプレン重合体を、白金触媒の存在下、メチルジメトキシシランと反応させ、その後ジブチルヒドロキシトルエンを500ppm加えて溶解させ、アリル基の75モル%をメチルジメトキシシリル基末端に変換したオキシプロピレン重合体(A)(以下、「重合体(A1)」という)を得た。
得られた重合体(A1)の粘度は12.0Pa・s(25℃)、Mnは15,000であり、Mw/Mnは1.2であった。
プロピレンオキシド(以下「PO」という。)を、亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテート-グライム錯体触媒の存在下、ポリオキシプロピレントリオール(Mn1,000)を開始剤として反応させて、Mnが17,000、Mw/Mnが1.4のポリオキシプロピレントリオールを得た。
得られたポリオキシプロピレントリオールを用い、製造例1と同様の方法で、粘度が7.0Pa・s(25℃)のアリル基末端のオキシプロプレン重合体を得た。
さらに、このアリル基末端のオキシプロプレン重合体を、白金触媒の存在下、メチルジメトキシシランと反応させて、末端にメチルジメトキシシリル基を有するオキシプロピレン重合体(A)(以下、「重合体(A2)」という)を得た。
得られた重合体(A2)の粘度は9.0Pa・s(25℃)、Mnは17,000であり、Mw/Mnは1.4であった。
本例では、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖と水酸基を有する重合体(pP)に、イソシアネート化合物(U)をウレタン化反応させる方法で重合体(A)を製造した。
亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテート-グライム錯体触媒の存在下、ポリオキシプロピレンジオール(Mn1,000)にPOを開環重合させてポリオキシアルキレンジオール(Mn16,000、水酸基価7.7)(重合体(P-1))を得た。耐圧反応器(内容積5L)に重合体(P-1)の3,000gを入れ、内温を110℃に保持しながら水分が50ppm以下になるよう5時間減圧脱水した。減圧脱水後の水分は15ppmであった。つぎに、反応器内雰囲気を窒素ガスに置換し、内温を50℃に保持しながら、NCO/OHが0.97となるように、3-イソシアネートプロピルトリメトキシシラン(純度95%)の86.1gを投入した。つづいて、内温を80℃に8時間保持して、重合体(P-1)と3-イソシアネートプロピルトリメトキシシランをウレタン化反応させて、末端にトリメトキシシリル基を有するオキシプロピレン重合体(以下、「重合体(A3)」という)を得た。
得られた重合体(A3)の粘度は20.0Pa・s(25℃)、Mnは17000であり、Mw/Mnは1.38であった。
本例で用いたTDIはトリレンジイソシアネートであり、「TDI-80」は、2,4-TDI/2,6-TDI=80/20(質量比)の混合物を意味する。また2EHAは2-エチルヘキシルアクリレートを表わし、KBM602(製品名、信越化学工業社製)はN-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシランである。
まず、ポリオキシプロピレントリオール(Mw:1,000)を開始剤とし、亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテート-ターシャリーブチルアルコール錯体触媒の存在下で、POを反応させて、数平均分子量(Mn)が10,000で、分子量分布(Mw/Mn)が1.2のポリオキシプロピレントリオール(重合体(P-2))を得た。
次いで、上記で得られた重合体(P-2)の2,000gを3,000mlの耐圧反応器内に投入し、110℃に加温し、真空脱水を行った。その後、反応器を窒素置換後80℃まで降温し、TDI-80(製品名、日本ポリウレタン社製)の104.4gとジブチルスズジラウレート(DBTDL)の1gを投入し、7時間反応させ、滴定法にてNCO含有率が1.18になったことを確認後、常温まで冷却し、プレポリマーを得た。
得られたプレポリマーのMnは20,000であり、Mw/Mnは1.6であった。使用した重合体(P-2)の水酸基の総数に対するTDIのイソシアネート基の総数のモル比(イソシアネート基/水酸基)は2である。
続いて、上記プレポリマーを50℃に冷却し、2EHA:KBM602=184:206の割合(質量部)で混合後、60℃で5日間保持した混合物を25質量部投入し、窒素雰囲気下、50℃で1時間反応させた。FT-IRにてイソシアネートのピークが消失していることを確認後、常温まで冷却し、末端にメチルジメトキシシリル基を有するオキシプロピレン重合体(以下、「重合体(A4)」という)を得た。得られた重合体(A4)のMnは21,000であり、Mw/Mnは1.7であった。
本例では、製造例1で得た重合体(A1)の存在下で、アクリル重合体(C)を構成する不飽和基含有単量体を重合させる方法で、重合体(A1)とアクリル重合体(C1)を含む重合体混合物(A1・C1)を製造した。
攪拌機付きの耐圧反応器に重合体(A1)を140g入れて、約67℃に昇温した。反応容器内温を約67℃に保ち、窒素雰囲気下、攪拌しながら、メタクリル酸メチル72g、アクリル酸-n-ブチル6.5g、メタクリル酸-n-ブチル29.0g、3-メタクリロイルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン15.0g、およびノルマルドデシルメルカプタン14.0gから選ばれるモノマーの所定量、ならびに2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)(商品名:V65、和光純薬株式会社製)2.5gの混合溶液を前記重合体(A1)中に8時間かけて滴下して重合を行い、重合体(A1)の存在下で、反応性ケイ素機基としてトリエトキシシリル基を有する(メタ)アクリレート共重合体(以下、「アクリル重合体(C1)」)を合成した。こうして得られた「重合体(A1)とアクリル重合体(C1)を含む重合体混合物(A1・C1)」を、ヘキサン中で溶解させた後、遠心分離を行い、抽出し、アクリル重合体(C1)の数平均分子量(Mn)を測定したところ、4,000であった。
攪拌式オートクレーブにジデシルメチルアミン(1モル)、炭酸ジメチル(1.5モル)および溶媒としてメタノール(2.0モル)を仕込み、反応温度110℃にて12時間反応させN-ジメチルジデシルアンモニウムメチルカーボネートのメタノール溶液を得た。このものにオクチル酸(1モル)を仕込み、副生する炭酸ガスおよびメタノールを除くことによってジメチルジデシルアンモニウム・オクチル酸塩(四級アンモニウム塩(B4))を得た。
上記製造例で製造した各成分および下記の市販の成分を用い、表1、2に示す配合で硬化性組成物を調製し、特性を評価した。表に示す配合割合の単位は「質量部」である(以下、同様)。
<アミジン誘導体塩(B)>
(B1):U-CAT SA-1(製品名)、DBU-フェノール塩、サンアプロ社製。
(B2):U-CAT SA-102(製品名)、DBU-オクチル酸塩、サンアプロ社製。
(B3):U-CAT 1102(製品名)、DBN-オクチル酸塩、サンアプロ社製。
<充填材>
・白艶華CCR(製品名)、表面処理炭酸カルシウム、白石工業社製。
・ホワイトンSB(製品名)、重質炭酸カルシウム、白石カルシウム社製。
<可塑剤>
・DOP(フタル酸ジオクチル)。
<チキソ性付与剤>
・ディスパロン6500(製品名)、水添ひまし油、楠本化成社製。
<脱水剤>
・KBM-1003(製品名)、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、信越化学社製。
<接着性付与剤>
・KBM603(製品名)、N-アミノエチル-3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、信越化学社製。
・KBM-403(製品名)、3-グリシジルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、信越化学社製。
<比較例の硬化触媒>
・有機ビスマス触媒:オクチル酸ビスマス。
・有機錫触媒:EXCESTAR C10(製品名)、ジブチル錫モノアセテート、旭硝子社製。
重合体(A1~A4)または(A1・C1)と、アミジン誘導体塩(B1~3)を用い、表1、2に示す配合で一液型の硬化性組成物を製造した。表1、2における重合体混合物(A1・C1)の配合量は重合体(A1)とアクリル重合体(C1)の合計量である。
まず重合体に、充填材、可塑剤、およびチキソ性付与剤を加え、遊星式撹拌器(クラボウ社製)で撹拌した。混合物の温度を室温まで下げ、3本ロールで更に均一な混合物とした。
次いで、脱水剤および接着性付与剤を加えて撹拌した。この後、硬化触媒としてアミジン誘導体塩(B1~3)を加えて撹拌し、硬化性組成物を得た。
主剤と硬化剤とからなる二液型の硬化性組成物を製造した。重合体(A1)、充填材、チキソ性付与剤、脱水剤、および接着性付与剤の混合物を調製し主剤とした。これとは別に可塑剤およびアミジン誘導体塩(B2)の混合物を調製し硬化剤とした。
アミジン誘導体塩(B1~3)に代えて、四級アンモニウム塩(B4)、有機ビスマス触媒、または有機錫触媒を用い、表1、2に示す組成とした他は実施例1と同様にして、硬化性組成物を調製した。
各例で得られた硬化性組成物を用いて皮膜を形成した。二液型の硬化物組成物については、調製後、室温中(23℃)に4週間保管し、使用時に主剤と硬化剤を混合して皮膜形成に用いた。
各硬化性組成物をポリプロピレンからなる基板上に厚さ5mmとなるように塗布し、23℃、湿度50%の環境下で硬化させた。塗布直後から表面に指で軽く触っても指にポリマーが付かなくなるまでの時間を表面皮膜形成時間として測定した。その結果を表1、2に示す。該表面皮膜形成時間が短いほど硬化速度が速いことを示す。また表1、2には有機錫の含有の有無を合わせて示す。
なお、重合体(A)の調製時に使用している亜鉛ヘキサシアノコバルテート錯体触媒は添加量が200ppm(金属量として1.6ppm)程度と極少量のため硬化性には殆ど影響しない。
硬化触媒として有機ビスマス触媒を用いた比較例5は、硬化速度が非常に遅い。
有機錫触媒を用いた比較例6,7は、重合体(A3)がウレタン結合を有する比較例7では硬化が速いが、ウレタン結合を有さない重合体(A1)を用いた比較例6では硬化が遅く、硬化触媒以外の組成が同じである実施例2と比べても硬化が遅かった。
硬化触媒としてDBUの塩を用いた場合(実施例12)と、塩を形成していないDBUを用いた場合(比較例8)とで、効果の差を調べた。すなわち、表3に示す配合で硬化性組成物を調製し、特性を評価した。
製造例3で得た重合体(A3)の30質量部に対して、水0.1質量部、DOPの20質量部、ホワイトンSBの10質量部を添加し均一に混合した後、アミジン誘導体塩(B2)の0.6質量部を添加し、均一に攪拌混合して硬化性組成物を調製した。
実施例12において、アミジン誘導体塩(B2)に代えてDBU(サンアプロ社製、製品名:DBU)を用いた他は、実施例12と同様にして硬化性組成物を調製した。
(硬度測定)
実施例12および比較例8で得られた硬化性組成物をそれぞれ型枠(厚み12mm)に流し込み、窒素噴霧により組成物表面の気泡を取り除いた後、100℃の恒温槽で30分間養生を行った硬化物a、および同じ硬化性組成物を同様に型枠に入れて100℃の恒温槽で1時間養生を行った後、50℃65RH%の恒温槽で3日間養生を行って完全に硬化させた最終硬化物bについて、それぞれ室温(25℃)まで冷やした後、硬度を測定した。硬度の測定は、デジタル硬度計DD2-C型(高分子計器社製)を用いて5箇所測定し平均値を算出する方法で行った。最終硬度の測定結果を表3に示す。
また、最終硬化物bの硬度(最終硬度)に対する硬化物aの硬度(初期硬度)の割合(初期の硬化率)を算出した。その結果を表3に示す。該初期の硬化率の値が大きいほど初期の硬化速度が速く、硬度の立ち上がりが大きいことを意味する。
上記最終硬化物bの表面を目視で観察し、硬化直後における液状物のブリードアウトの有無を調べた。その後、該最終硬化物bを23℃の雰囲気中に7日間放置して液状物のブリードアウトの有無を調べた。その結果、ブリードアウトが無い場合を「無」、液状物のブリードアウトが有る場合を「有」として表3に示す。
上記最終硬化物bの表面を目視で観察し、硬化直後の色を調べた。その後、該最終硬化物bを23℃の雰囲気中に7日間放置して表面の色を調べた。その結果、硬化物表面が白色の場合を「白色」、黄色の場合を「黄色」として表3に示す。
また、実施例12の硬化性組成物は比較例8に比べて、硬化物におけるブリードアウトおよび変色が抑えられていることがわかる。
なお、2008年2月22日に出願された日本特許出願2008-041184号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (7)
- 下式(1)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有する重合体(A)と、下式(2)で表されるアミジン誘導体塩(B)を含有することを特徴とする硬化性組成物。
-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(1)
[式中、R1は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X1は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、aは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R1が複数存在するとき複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X1が複数存在するとき複数のX1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。]
[式中、R2は、窒素原子のα位の炭素原子が不飽和結合を有さない炭素原子である炭化水素基又は水素原子を示し、R3及び2つのR4は、それぞれ独立に有機基又は水素原子を示し、R5は炭素数1~25の直鎖もしくは分岐の、飽和もしくは不飽和の炭化水素基又は水素原子を示し、X2は有機酸イオン、無機酸イオンまたは水酸基を示す。R2、R3、2つのR4のうち任意の2つ以上が結合して環状構造を形成していてもよい。] - 重合体(A)が、式(1)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有し、かつ分子中にウレタン結合を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 重合体(A)が、ポリオキシアルキレン鎖と水酸基を有する重合体(pP)に、下式(3)で表される基とイソシアネート基を有するイソシアネート化合物(U)をウレタン化反応させて得られる重合体であり、かつ該ウレタン化反応における重合体(pP)の水酸基の総数に対するイソシアネート化合物(U)のイソシアネート基の総数の比(イソシアネート基/水酸基)が0.80~1.10である、請求項1または2に記載の硬化性組成物。
-SiX1 aR1 3-a・・・(3)
[式中、R1は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X1は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、aは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R1が複数存在するとき複数のR1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X1が複数存在するとき複数のX1は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。] - 重合体(A)100質量部に対して、アミジン誘導体塩(B)0.1~10質量部を含有する請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 下式(4)で表される反応性ケイ素基を有し、かつ(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル単量体単位を含むアクリル重合体(C)をさらに含有する、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性組成物。
-SiX41 bR41 3-b・・・(4)
[式中、R41は置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1~20の1価の有機基(加水分解性基を除く。)を示し、X41は水酸基又は加水分解性基を示し、bは1~3の整数を示す。ただし、R41が複数存在するとき複数のR41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、X41が複数存在するとき複数のX41は互いに同一でも異なっていてもよい。] - 重合体(A)およびアクリル重合体(C)の合計100質量部に対して、アミジン誘導体塩(B)0.1~10質量部を含有する請求項5記載の硬化性組成物。
- 反応性ケイ素基を有する重合体(A)の数平均分子量が2,000から50,000である、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性組成物。
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US8211992B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2246393B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5487977B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20100117567A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101945953B (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI429704B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2009104700A1 (ja) |
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| JP2012072293A (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-12 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| US20130035453A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-02-07 | Gun Nakanishi | Polyurethane resin |
| WO2013146266A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 膜モジュールのシール材用ポリウレタン樹脂形成性組成物 |
| JP2015038196A (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-02-26 | セメダイン株式会社 | 湿気硬化型硬化性組成物 |
| JP2015521211A (ja) * | 2012-04-17 | 2015-07-27 | モーメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・インク | 湿気硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物 |
| JP2020094107A (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | 積水フーラー株式会社 | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2020193282A (ja) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-03 | 日東化成株式会社 | 防汚塗料組成物 |
| WO2021162049A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 | 株式会社カネカ | 加熱硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 |
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| TWI483981B (zh) * | 2010-12-27 | 2015-05-11 | 日本傑恩股份有限公司 | A hardened resin composition, a hardened product, a surface-treated hardened product, and a laminate |
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| EP2797692A4 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2015-08-19 | Momentive Performance Mat Inc | MOISTURE-HARDENABLE ORGANOPOLYSILOXANE COMPOSITION |
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| JPS63112642A (ja) | 1986-10-29 | 1988-05-17 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2004091771A (ja) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-03-25 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2007302774A (ja) | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-22 | Kaneka Corp | 硬化性組成物 |
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| US4837274A (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1989-06-06 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Curable composition |
| JPH0796648B2 (ja) * | 1986-09-30 | 1995-10-18 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | 硬化性組成物 |
| DE69430444T2 (de) * | 1993-09-27 | 2002-12-12 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Wässrige dispersion einer polymerzusammensetzung |
| DE602004027038D1 (de) * | 2003-06-20 | 2010-06-17 | Kaneka Corp | Härtende zusammensetzung |
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| TW200613493A (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-05-01 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Acrylic resin composition |
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| US20090182091A1 (en) * | 2006-02-16 | 2009-07-16 | Kaneka Corporation | Curable composition |
| JPWO2007125956A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-26 | 2009-09-10 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 光半導体用熱硬化性組成物、光半導体素子用ダイボンド材、光半導体素子用アンダーフィル材、光半導体素子用封止剤及び光半導体素子 |
| CN101506306B (zh) * | 2006-08-22 | 2011-08-31 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 固化性组合物 |
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- 2009-02-19 EP EP09712519.9A patent/EP2246393B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-02-19 CN CN2009801060420A patent/CN101945953B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-19 JP JP2009554377A patent/JP5487977B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-19 WO PCT/JP2009/052933 patent/WO2009104700A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-20 TW TW098105459A patent/TWI429704B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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2010
- 2010-07-22 US US12/841,201 patent/US8211992B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JPS63112642A (ja) | 1986-10-29 | 1988-05-17 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2004091771A (ja) * | 2002-07-09 | 2004-03-25 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011153192A (ja) * | 2010-01-26 | 2011-08-11 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| US20130035453A1 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-02-07 | Gun Nakanishi | Polyurethane resin |
| US8729194B2 (en) * | 2010-03-17 | 2014-05-20 | Sunstar Giken Kabushiki Kaisha | Polyurethane resin |
| JP2012072293A (ja) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-12 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 硬化性組成物 |
| WO2013146266A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 膜モジュールのシール材用ポリウレタン樹脂形成性組成物 |
| JPWO2013146266A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-12-10 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 膜モジュールのシール材用ポリウレタン樹脂形成性組成物 |
| JP2015521211A (ja) * | 2012-04-17 | 2015-07-27 | モーメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・インク | 湿気硬化性オルガノポリシロキサン組成物 |
| JP2015038196A (ja) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-02-26 | セメダイン株式会社 | 湿気硬化型硬化性組成物 |
| JP2020094107A (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | 積水フーラー株式会社 | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP7335578B2 (ja) | 2018-12-11 | 2023-08-30 | 積水フーラー株式会社 | 硬化性組成物 |
| JP2020193282A (ja) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-03 | 日東化成株式会社 | 防汚塗料組成物 |
| WO2020241542A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-12-03 | 日東化成株式会社 | 防汚塗料組成物 |
| JP7370561B2 (ja) | 2019-05-29 | 2023-10-30 | 日東化成株式会社 | 防汚塗料組成物 |
| WO2021162049A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 | 株式会社カネカ | 加熱硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 |
| JPWO2021162049A1 (ja) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101945953B (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
| TWI429704B (zh) | 2014-03-11 |
| US20100286344A1 (en) | 2010-11-11 |
| EP2246393B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
| EP2246393A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
| CN101945953A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
| JPWO2009104700A1 (ja) | 2011-06-23 |
| KR20100117567A (ko) | 2010-11-03 |
| US8211992B2 (en) | 2012-07-03 |
| JP5487977B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
| EP2246393A4 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| TW200944557A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
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