WO2009121608A1 - Formulation d'additif pour carburant dotée de propriétés de manipulation et de solubilité améliorées et comprenant un métallocène - Google Patents

Formulation d'additif pour carburant dotée de propriétés de manipulation et de solubilité améliorées et comprenant un métallocène Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009121608A1
WO2009121608A1 PCT/EP2009/002440 EP2009002440W WO2009121608A1 WO 2009121608 A1 WO2009121608 A1 WO 2009121608A1 EP 2009002440 W EP2009002440 W EP 2009002440W WO 2009121608 A1 WO2009121608 A1 WO 2009121608A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
ferrocene
metallocene
formulation
additive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/002440
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2009121608A8 (fr
Inventor
John Van Vliet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KYOTO BOOST BV
Original Assignee
KYOTO BOOST BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KYOTO BOOST BV filed Critical KYOTO BOOST BV
Publication of WO2009121608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009121608A1/fr
Publication of WO2009121608A8 publication Critical patent/WO2009121608A8/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1658—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)

Definitions

  • a fuel additive formulation with improved handling and solubility comprising a metallocene
  • the current invention concerns a fuel additive formulation with improved handling and solubility comprising a metallocene. It also concerns the use of the additive, thus boosting the performance of an internal combustion engine (or Stirling engine, which is an engine that may rely on external combustion as heat source) and providing cars relying on the spiked fuel to obtain more mileage.
  • an internal combustion engine or Stirling engine, which is an engine that may rely on external combustion as heat source
  • Ferrocene is a chemical compound with the formula Fe(CsHs ⁇ .
  • Ferrocene is the prototypical metallocene, a type of organometallic chemical compound consisting of two cyclopentadienyl rings bound on opposite sides of a central metal atom. Such organometallic compounds are also known as sandwich compounds. Ferrocene and its derivatives are antiknock agents used in the fuel for petrol engines; they are considered to be safer than tetraethyl lead, previously used.
  • additive formulations for improving diesel fuel or gasoline that comprise 1-3 parts by weight dicyclopentadienyl iron or a mole equivalent amount based on the dicyclopentadienyl iron nucleus, of a diesel-fuel-soluble or gasoline-soluble dicyclopentadienyl iron derivative having a dicyclopentadienyl iron nucleus, 0,1 to 10 parts by weight of a diesel fuel or gasoline antioxidant and from 2-20 parts by weight of a diesel fuel or gasoline sludge dispersant which are dissolved in from 27 to 100 [parts by weight of an inert organic solvent.
  • Solvents include diesel fuel, benzene, xylene, chlorobenzene, mineral spirits, ethers, polyethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons and kerosene.
  • US 3353938 provides antiknock compositions and motor fuels containing them based on ferrocene.
  • WO 2004/101717 concerns a lubricant composition comprising a base oil and one or more additives, wherein the composition has an elevated pressure auto ignition temperature of at least about 500 K.
  • This invention also includes a lubricant composition comprising a base oil and one or more additives, wherein the composition has an octane number ((R+M)/2) of at least about 80.
  • This invention also includes a lubricant composition for reducing the propensity of end gas knock in a flame propagation engine, comprising: a base oil and one or more additives, wherein the composition has an average boiling point in excess of 200 DEG C.
  • US 6881235 concerns a method of reducing smoke and particulate emissions from an exhaust gas from a spark-ignited reciprocating engine by adding a fuel additive which contains an oil-soluble iron compound and an over-based magnesium compound to liquid petroleum fuel.
  • US 6488725 relates to the use of fuel additives in the regeneration of particulate filter traps, e.g. diesel particulate filter traps.
  • the invention further relates to fuel additives suitable for use in such a process.
  • Ferrocene may be dissolved in organic solvents such as benzene, diethyl ether, methanol, ethyl alcohol, gasoline, diesel oil, and kerosene, but not in aqueous. It is chemically steady and not poisonous, it does not react with acid, alkali and ultraviolet. It doesn't decompose easily. Mixed with ferrocene, a diesel fuel can be preserved for a long use.
  • organic solvents such as benzene, diethyl ether, methanol, ethyl alcohol, gasoline, diesel oil, and kerosene
  • WO 96/07717 relates to a pumpable paste as an additive for liquid fuels with fuel-soluble additives bonded into the paste and an addition process. It is thereby possible to insert the additive for any fuel not during its production or delivery nor even when it is finally supplied, but only directly into the inlet pipe to the combustion chamber or engine in easily and properly metered quantities.
  • the paste is formed using bentonite or a similar inorganic product. Aside from solubility issues, such inorganic products may cause damage to parts of the engine.
  • the invention provides a fuel additive formulation with improved handling and solubility comprising a metallocene, preferably ferrocene (dicyclopentadienyl iron) or a derivative thereof, a fuel soluble solvent to the metallocene, and an organic gelling agent in an amount sufficient to cause the formulation to gel.
  • a metallocene preferably ferrocene (dicyclopentadienyl iron) or a derivative thereof
  • a fuel soluble solvent to the metallocene
  • an organic gelling agent in an amount sufficient to cause the formulation to gel.
  • plain ferrocene is the preferred additive
  • other metallocenes and organometallic compounds having a sandwich structure may be used too.
  • metallocenes of the formula M(CsHs ⁇ where M Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zr, Ti, V 1 Mo, W, Zn.
  • M Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zr, Ti, V 1 Mo, W, Zn.
  • These species are also called bis(cyclopentadienyl)metal complexes. Replacement of one ring in a metallocene gives rise to a still larger family of "half sandwich” compounds.
  • An example of such a compound is methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl.
  • Such species are occasionally referred to "piano stool” compounds, at least when there are three diatomic ligands in addition to the hydrocarbon "seat” of the piano stool.
  • Such compounds may be used in the additive formulation too.
  • metallocene derivatives may be important indeed once biofuels and the like (with an increase tendency in polarity, e.g., due to the presence of ethanol and the like) are being used.
  • organic gelling agent in this respect means a gelling agent based on hydrocarbon chemistry (as opposed to inorganic).
  • Various gelling agents also referred to as solidifiers
  • the amount of gelling agent and metallocene is preferably such that an additive formulation comprises on a total of 100 parts by weight from 1 to 10 parts by weight of metallocene, from 85 to 98 parts by weight of solvent and from 1 to 3 parts by weight of gelling agent.
  • the amount of gelling agent does depend on selection of the gelling agent and the solvent, provided a formulation is obtained that .
  • the solvent may be any organic solvent that itself is compatible with the fuel to which the additive formulation is added.
  • the solvent is a fuel or fuel component itself, e.g., gasoline for use in engines running on gasoline, or diesel for use in engines running on diesel.
  • gasoline for use in engines running on gasoline
  • diesel for use in engines running on diesel.
  • solvent the person skilled in the art will know which solvent to select on the basis of his expertise or a few simple experiments, depending on the fuel and e.g. the amount of (bio)additives typically present therein.
  • Styrenic block copolymers have been found to be excellent gelling agents. These block copolymers, are of the form SBS where S represents a polystyrene block, and B represents a block of conjugated diene(s). These polymers may also come as branched or multiblock copolymers and/or mixtures of block copolymers. Moreover, the block copolymers may be hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated. By changing the molecular weight of the blocks, block copolymers can be made with improved gelling behaviour.
  • the polymers as such are known and are provided for instance by Kraton Polymers and others, Also their use in candles and oil gels is known, but not their use to provide fuel additive formulations.
  • the current additive formulation may be used to add further additives that improve the performance of the engine or the stability of the additive " formulation.
  • these additio ⁇ al additives a ⁇ re not poisonous " themselves, to allow customer handling.
  • Fuel additive formulation which may be used to improve internal combustion engines typically found in automotive applications.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une formulation d'additif pour carburant dotée de propriétés de manipulation et de solubilité améliorées et comprenant un métallocène, de préférence un ferrocène (dicyclopentadiényle-fer) ou l'un de ses dérivés, un solvant soluble dans le carburant pour le métallocène, et un agent gélifiant organique en une quantité suffisante pour provoquer la gélification de la formulation.
PCT/EP2009/002440 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Formulation d'additif pour carburant dotée de propriétés de manipulation et de solubilité améliorées et comprenant un métallocène Ceased WO2009121608A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08075228.0 2008-03-31
EP08075228 2008-03-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009121608A1 true WO2009121608A1 (fr) 2009-10-08
WO2009121608A8 WO2009121608A8 (fr) 2009-12-17

Family

ID=40848654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/002440 Ceased WO2009121608A1 (fr) 2008-03-31 2009-03-31 Formulation d'additif pour carburant dotée de propriétés de manipulation et de solubilité améliorées et comprenant un métallocène

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2009121608A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996007717A1 (fr) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-14 Chemische Betriebe Pluto Gmbh Pate pompable permettant d'ajouter des additifs a des carburants liquides
WO2007062330A1 (fr) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-31 Ferox, Inc. Supports pour catalyseurs de combustion et leurs procedes d’utilisation

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996007717A1 (fr) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-14 Chemische Betriebe Pluto Gmbh Pate pompable permettant d'ajouter des additifs a des carburants liquides
WO2007062330A1 (fr) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-31 Ferox, Inc. Supports pour catalyseurs de combustion et leurs procedes d’utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009121608A8 (fr) 2009-12-17

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