WO2009131244A1 - 室内環境調整システム - Google Patents
室内環境調整システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009131244A1 WO2009131244A1 PCT/JP2009/058433 JP2009058433W WO2009131244A1 WO 2009131244 A1 WO2009131244 A1 WO 2009131244A1 JP 2009058433 W JP2009058433 W JP 2009058433W WO 2009131244 A1 WO2009131244 A1 WO 2009131244A1
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- Prior art keywords
- far
- cooling
- infrared
- room
- radiation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/02—Electric heating systems solely using resistance heating, e.g. underfloor heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0089—Systems using radiation from walls or panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
Definitions
- the present invention relates to far-infrared radiation and brightness of stones and inorganic material particles.
- the present invention relates to an indoor environment adjustment system that adjusts a room to a comfortable environment by using the property of absorption.
- Patent Document 2 describes a configuration using floor heating that emits far-infrared rays as a technique for indoor people to obtain heat by means of far-infrared thermal radiation.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a radiant cooling / heating device that performs cooling using cold radiation and heating using thermal radiation.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 0-3 5 6 3 6 4
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 7-3 0 7 2 4 3
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 7-1 2 7 2 9 2 Summary of the Invention
- the convection method described above has the problem that the difference in temperature distribution in the vertical direction in the room is large and the energy loss is large.
- heat loss is also caused by two-stage heat exchange in which air is heated or cooled and humans are heated or cooled from this air.
- discomfort caused by direct airflow hitting the skin and adverse health effects are problematic.
- the floor heating system and the heating device using ceramics evening can solve the problem of air flow, but it cannot be said that the energy use efficiency is high.
- floor heating systems and heating systems that use ceramic heaters do not have a cooling function, and it is necessary to rely on convective cooling systems for cooling.
- Patent Document 2 the floor heating that radiates far infrared rays described in Patent Document 2 is used.
- the radiant cooling and heating apparatus using the cold radiation and the thermal radiation described in Patent Document 3 is not suitable for practical use because it does not reach the convection method in terms of efficiency.
- the present invention solves such a problem in the prior art, has a high energy efficiency, has a small difference in temperature distribution in the vertical direction of the room, and does not cause a problem due to airflow hitting the skin.
- the purpose is to provide. Means for solving the problem
- the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention is summarized as follows.
- An indoor surface constituent member made of a material containing a far infrared emitting material that radiates and absorbs far infrared rays and has an emissivity of far infrared rays of 0.6 or more, and the far infrared emitting material of the indoor surface constituent member
- a cooling and / or heating source having a cooling and / or heating surface composed of a material containing the same far-infrared emitting material
- the far-infrared radiation material on the cooling surface absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface component, and / or
- the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface constituent member absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material on the heating surface.
- Environmental adjustment system When the heating surface of the heating source is heated, the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface constituent member absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material on the heating surface.
- the indoor surface constituting member is made of a stone material made of the far-infrared emitting material, made of a material mixed with the far-infrared emitting material, or having a coating made of the far-infrared emitting material
- the cooling and / or heating surface of the cooling source and / or the heating source is made of a stone material made of the far-infrared emitting material, or made of a material mixed with the far-infrared emitting material, or
- [4] There are a first chamber and a second chamber that are adjacent to each other or communicate with each other, the cooling and heating source is disposed in the first chamber, and the indoor surface component is the first chamber.
- the indoor surface constituting member constitutes at least a part of any one of an indoor wall surface, a ceiling surface, and a floor surface to be adjusted in environment.
- the indoor environment adjustment system according to one.
- the coating layer contains 3% by weight or more of the far infrared radiation substance, The indoor environment adjustment system according to [8] above.
- the cooling and Z or heating source is a device for cooling and Z or heating the cooling and Z or heating surface by flowing a medium through a flow path formed therein.
- the indoor environment adjustment system according to any one of [1].
- the indoor surface constituent member containing the far-infrared emitting material has a total surface area of an interior area of the room in which the indoor surface constituent member is disposed.
- the indoor environment adjustment system according to any one of [1] to [18], which accounts for 25% or more of the total. '
- the article is a chair, a sofa, a table, a desk, a bed, a futon, a blanket, a bed, a pillow, a cushion, a rug, a partition, a curtain, a table cloth, or a bed cover.
- the sealed space for storing or displaying the article is a sealed space in a warehouse, a showcase, or an exhibition case.
- Environmental adjustment system is a sealed space in a warehouse, a showcase, or an exhibition case.
- an indoor environment adjustment system that is energy efficient, has a small difference in temperature distribution in the vertical direction in the room, and does not cause problems due to airflow hitting the skin.
- FIG. 1A is a graph showing the emissivity characteristics with respect to the wavelength of the Zr 0 2 + C a 0 film.
- FIG. 1B is a graph showing the emissivity characteristics with respect to the wavelength of the A 1 2 0 3 + T i 0 2 film.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the floor structure in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a cooling and dehumidifying device in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 4B is a view for explaining the fin structure of the cooling and dehumidifying device of FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a wall structure in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the ceiling structure in the embodiment of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7A is a view for explaining the principle of obtaining the heating effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram for explaining the principle of obtaining the heating effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram for explaining the principle of obtaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram for explaining the principle of obtaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an environment in which measurement was performed to prove the effect of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing the measurement results.
- Fig. 11 is a graph showing the cooling effect data obtained by absorbing far-infrared rays to the inner surface components of the room.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining another embodiment of the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention.
- Fig. 13 A is a top view of the cold heat radiation device.
- Fig. 13 B is a front view of the cold heat radiation device.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the fin structure of the cold heat radiation apparatus.
- FIG. 15A is a diagram illustrating the floor structure in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15B is a view for explaining the wall structure in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15C is a diagram illustrating the structure of the ceiling in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15D illustrates the structure of the storage basket in the embodiment of FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 15E is a view for explaining the structure of the storage door in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15 F is a view for explaining the structure of the partitioning cage that can be used in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15G is a diagram for explaining the structure of the roll curtain that can be used in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 15H is a diagram for explaining the structure of the wall on which wallpaper that can be used in the embodiment of FIG. 12 is attached.
- FIG. 16A is a diagram for explaining the principle of obtaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 16B is a diagram for explaining the principle of obtaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram for explaining the cooling action in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 17B is a diagram for explaining the cooling action in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the principle that the cooling effect is exerted even in a place where the cold heat radiation apparatus cannot be seen in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the relationship between the fin temperature of the thermal radiation device and the thermal radiation amounts of the five wall portions in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the living environment is adjusted using the present invention.
- FIG. 21A is a diagram for explaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 21B is a diagram for explaining the cooling effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 22A is a diagram illustrating the heating effect in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 22B is a diagram illustrating the heating effect in the embodiment of FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention is
- An indoor surface component made of a material containing a far-infrared emitting material that radiates and absorbs far-infrared and has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.6 or more;
- a cooling and Z or heating source having a cooling and Z or heating surface made of a material containing the same far infrared emitting substance as the far infrared emitting substance of the indoor surface constituent member;
- the far-infrared radiation material on the cooling surface absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface component, and / or
- the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface constituent member absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material on the heating surface.
- the indoor surface components are made of stone made of far infrared radiation (detailed below), made of material mixed with far infrared radiation, or coated with a far infrared radiation.
- the cooling and / or heating surface of the cooling and / or heating source is composed of a stone material made of a far infrared radiation material, a material mixed with a far infrared radiation material, or a far infrared radiation material. It is comprised by the film
- the “interior surface constituting member” refers to a member constituting a surface exposed to a sealed space that is symmetrical with respect to environmental adjustment.
- the sealed space can be provided with opening and closing means such as doors and windows that allow communication between the inside and the outside.
- Typical examples of sealed spaces are rooms and corridors of buildings where people live and work, and other spaces that store or display items (for example, rooms in warehouses, product showcases, or artwork) Display rooms), rooms for raising animals including livestock, and rooms equipped with mobiles (cars, rail cars, ships, aircraft, etc.) for transporting people and cargo.
- typical examples of indoor surface components are members (building materials) that make up walls, ceilings, and floors.
- Openable and closable fittings (doors, shojis, fences, etc.) that are attached to a part of the wall to separate the interior and exterior of the room are also included in the interior surface components.
- Doors and cages for storage that are attached to the room are also included in the interior components. If the storage compartment attached to the room subject to environmental adjustment is not completely separated from the room by doors or fences, the members that make up the exposed surface of the storage compartment room, Included in interior surface components.
- At least some of the indoor surface components are made of a far-infrared emitting material that emits and absorbs far-infrared rays necessary for adjusting the indoor environment in the present invention, or a material mixed with a far-infrared emitting material. Or a film made of a far-infrared emitting material.
- the far-infrared radiation material mixed in the indoor surface component is exposed to the indoor space. Nonetheless, far-infrared emitting materials in the interior surface components are not exposed directly to the indoor space, and do not significantly interfere with the far-infrared emitting and absorption of far-infrared emitting materials. It may be covered with a protective layer (for example, a coating film having a thickness of about 1 mm or less, a varnish layer, wallpaper, etc.).
- Fluorescence emitting material refers to a substance that emits and absorbs far-infrared radiation.
- far-infrared emitting material used in the present invention has far-infrared radiation having an emissivity of far infrared of 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more. It is a substance.
- Such far-infrared emitting materials are usually so-called inorganic materials, natural and man-made minerals, metal and metalloid oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulfides, hydroxides, carbonates and other salts, In addition to these composites (double salt) and charcoal, natural materials such as shells are also included.
- most of the far-infrared emitting materials of the present invention are ceramic materials in a broad sense (referring to inorganic materials other than metals). However, even organic materials and organic-derived materials satisfy the above emissivity conditions. Can be used.
- the form of the far-infrared ray emitting material in the member containing the far-infrared emitting material is not particularly limited as long as the member containing the far-infrared emitting material can radiate and absorb far-infrared rays.
- the “stone material made of a far-infrared emitting material” means a solid monolithic material made of a natural or artificial inorganic material, and is usually used as a panel or tile-shaped building material.
- natural stone materials include granite and basalt. Needless to say, artificially manufactured stone may be used. Building materials such as artificial panels and other integral parts can be considered stone.
- a material mixed with a far-infrared emitting substance refers to a material containing a far-infrared emitting substance as a part of its constituent components.
- the far-infrared emitting material in this case is typically particles of natural or artificial inorganic material, and is used in the manufacturing material of the interior surface component, the cooling source and / or the cooling source of the heating source and / or the manufacturing material of the heating surface. It is mixed in.
- the “film made of a far-infrared emitting material” refers to a film of a far-infrared emitting material formed on the surface of an indoor surface component or cooling or Z or heating source.
- This film can be formed by coating the far-infrared radiation material on the target surface by a suitable film forming technique, for example, PVD technique such as spraying or vapor deposition, or CVD technique.
- the far-infrared emitting material of the indoor surface component and the far-infrared emitting material of the cooling and Z or the heating source and / or the heating surface are the same.
- the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention uses a phenomenon in which heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with higher efficiency than when not between the same molecular species.
- adjustment of the indoor environment is realized by causing heat transfer between the indoor surface constituent member and the cooling and / or heating source cooling and / or heating surface through heat radiation with high efficiency. Therefore, in order for the system of the present invention to perform its intended function, the interior surface components and the cooling and / or heating source cooling and / or heating surface where heat transfer is performed between them is performed.
- the far-infrared emitting material of the indoor surface constituent member and the far-infrared emitting material of the cooling and heating source, which are composed of the same molecular species, are referred to as the same material.
- the “same molecular species” indicates the property of emitting and absorbing far-infrared rays, and the emissivity of far-infrared rays is 0.6 or more, preferably 0.5.
- One material that is 8 or more for example, far-infrared radiation material used in indoor surface components
- the ability to emit and absorb far-infrared, and far-infrared emissivity is 0.6 or more, preferably 0
- the other substance (cooling and Z or the far-infrared emitting material used on the cooling and Z or heating surface) that is 8 or more is the same at the molecular level.
- “Molecule” here means a group of atoms linked by chemical bonds. Therefore, the term “molecule” as used herein includes, for example, mineral crystals that constitute natural stone materials. The same mineral with substitution or solid solution of similar elements is regarded as a substance of the same molecular species.
- inorganic material particles as the above-mentioned “far infrared radiation material” in the indoor surface component, or cooling and / or heating source cooling and Z or heating surface
- far infrared radiation material It is normal for substances other than inorganic material particles to coexist.
- an indoor surface component is formed of plaster containing inorganic material particles as a far-infrared emitting material
- the inorganic material particles as the “far-infrared emitting material” coexist with the aggregate in the plaster or the binder component in the paint.
- substances other than the inorganic material particles as the above-mentioned “far-infrared emitting substance” also have the property of radiating and absorbing far-infrared rays more or less.
- the heat transfer via the thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with a remarkably high efficiency as compared with the case where the same molecular species is not between the same molecular species, Substances that are not present in common on both the cooling and / or heating surface of the cooling and / or heating source play a very small or negligible role in the present invention.
- far-infrared emitting material in the description of the present invention below, it is common to both the indoor surface component and the cooling and Z or the cooling and / or heating surface of the heating source. It refers to the same substance with an emissivity of 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more (a substance that causes a resonance phenomenon of molecular vibrations between the same molecules via electromagnetic waves described below).
- a substance that emits or absorbs far-infrared radiation it is clear that it refers to a substance other than the above-mentioned "far-infrared emitting substance", or it is clear from the context that it refers to another substance. This is not the case.
- inorganic material particles are used as far-infrared emitting materials on the interior surface components and the cooling and / or heating surface of the cooling and / or heating source, the particle size and shape of both particles are the same or different. Also good. The amount of inorganic material particles contained in both the interior surface component and the cooling and Z or heating source cooling and Z or heating surface need not be the same. Further, for example, when the indoor surface constituent member forms a wall surface and a ceiling surface, and inorganic material particles are used as the far infrared ray emitting material, the particle size and shape of the particles of the far infrared ray emitting material on the wall surface and the ceiling surface May be the same or different.
- the inorganic material particles are transferred into the interior surface constituent member (in this example, the building material forming the wall surface and the ceiling surface), and the desired heat transfer via the thermal radiation between the same molecular species according to the present invention. It is formulated with a content that enables At this time, with the building material that forms the wall surface and the building material that forms the ceiling surface, The blending amount of the inorganic material particles may be the same or different. They are,
- a plurality of types of far-infrared emitting materials may be used in the indoor surface component and the cooling and / or heating surface of the Z or heating source.
- the far-infrared radiation material is stone
- a combination of two or more kinds of stones can be used for the interior surface component or cooling and / or heating source cooling and Z or heating surface.
- the far-infrared emitting material is inorganic material particles
- a mixture of two or more kinds of inorganic material particles can be used.
- the combination of inorganic material particles in the interior surface component and the cooling and / or cooling of the heating source and the combination of inorganic material particles in the Z or heating surface are the same (the same combination is included). They are considered to be “identical substances”.
- Infrared material particles as far-infrared radiation materials contained in the interior surface components and cooling and cooling of Z or heating source and Z or heating surface are capable of desired heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species Present in them in the amount to make.
- the interior surface components and the cooling and heating or heating source cooling and / or heating surfaces can be manufactured and transported to the construction site or installed on the construction site by different contractors. It is thought that there are many. Therefore, it is likely that common inorganic material particles as far-infrared emitting materials are often mixed into the indoor surface components and the cooling and Z or heating surfaces by the respective manufacturers or contractors.
- the content of the inorganic material particles as the far-infrared emitting material is included in each of the manufacturing materials for the indoor surface components and the cooling and / or heating source cooling and heating or heating surface by the respective contractors.
- Inorganic material particles The amount of.
- the inorganic material particle content in the indoor surface constituent member and in the cooling and / or heating surface forming material can be determined as an amount that makes heat transfer via heat radiation effective according to the present invention effective.
- the amount used is the amount of heat transfer required for the desired cooling and Z or heating, the interior surface components available for heat transfer via heat radiation and the area of the cooling and Z or heating surface used Depends on the thermal radiation characteristics of far-infrared radiation materials.
- the inorganic material particles as the far-infrared emitting material are present in the indoor surface component material or the material forming the cooling and / or heating surface in an amount of 1% by weight or more, An effective effect was recognized, and a more preferable effect was obtained when the content was 3% by weight or more.
- the upper limit of the content is actually included in the material forming the indoor surface components and cooling and heating or heating source and Z or heating surface. It is determined by the maximum amount of inorganic material particles that can be applied, and is not particularly limited (theoretically, for example, 90% by weight may be used).
- the maximum amount in practical use is the cooling of the interior surface components and / or cooling of the heating source and the handling of the material forming the Z or heating surface, and the manufacture of the interior surface components and the cooling and / or heating surface. It can be determined by the method.
- a plurality of types of substances may be used as the inorganic material particles of the far-infrared radiation substance (a plurality of types of substances that are “identical at the molecular level” described above are used).
- the same mixture of inorganic material particles can be used for the indoor surface constituent member and the cooling and Z or cooling and / or heating surface of the heating source.
- the content of the inorganic material particles in the material constituting the indoor surface component and the cooling and Z or the cooling source of the heating source and the material forming the Z or heating surface is the total amount of the same kind of substances in the mixture. Represented. 0 0 2 8
- the interior surface components and the cooling and / or heating source cooling and Z or heating surface contain one or more of the same inorganic material particles.
- the first type of inorganic material particles are used on the first wall surface (interior surface constituent member), and only the second type inorganic material particles are used on the second wall surface (interior surface constituent member).
- far-infrared emitting materials are exposed to the indoor space where the environment is adjusted as much as possible.
- a protective layer of about 1 mm or less (for example, a paint layer, a varnish layer, wallpaper, etc.) No problem.
- Far-infrared emitting materials on the interior surface components and cooling and Z or heating source and on the Z or heating surface are those exposed on or near their surfaces, mainly the same molecular species according to the present invention. It contributes to heat transfer via heat radiation between the two. Therefore, if the indoor surface component and cooling and z or the heating source cooling and / or heating surface is made of a material mixed with far-infrared radiation, the indoor surface structural member and cooling or Z or heating source cooling and Z or the required content of far-infrared radiation on the heating surface is
- the surface or the vicinity thereof that contributes to the heat transfer in the present invention (as described above, the far-infrared emitting material that is not directly exposed to the indoor space but exists at a depth of about 1 mm from the surface is also It is appropriate to represent the amount of far-infrared emitting material present in the invention that can contribute to heat transfer via thermal radiation between identical molecular species according to the invention.
- the content of the far-infrared emitting material is present on the surface of the indoor surface component and the cooling and / or heating surface of the cooling and / or heating source, and at a depth of 1 mm from them. It is appropriate to express it as the content of far-infrared radiation.
- the interior surface component (defined as a member constituting the surface exposed to the space (indoor space) such as a room or hallway that is subject to environmental adjustment) is paper ( (E.g., wall paper) or a thin film or sheet-like material such as a painted film, or a layered material with a significant thickness formed from plaster, etc., or molded from concrete, Whether composed of a single piece of material that also serves as a structural member, as long as the materials are a homogeneous mixture, the content of far-infrared radiation at their surface and its vicinity (eg, to a depth of 1 mm) (here Is expressed as the weight percentage of far-infrared emitting material occupying the interior surface component material).
- paper E.g., wall paper
- a thin film or sheet-like material such as a painted film, or a layered material with a significant thickness formed from plaster, etc., or molded from concrete
- the content of the far-infrared emitting substance in the interior surface component of the present invention is such that when the interior surface component can be regarded as consisting of a uniform mixture (a mixture in which the distribution of the constituent components is constant throughout the member), It shall be expressed by the content expressed as the weight ratio of far-infrared emitting material to the whole.
- the far-infrared radiation material in the interior surface component is expressed as the average content (expressed as a percentage by weight) of far-infrared emitting material present at a depth of 1 mm from the surface exposed to the indoor space.
- the far-infrared emissivity of the far-infrared emitting material used in the present invention is not less than 0.6, preferably not less than 0.8, more preferably not less than 0.9.
- Far-infrared radiation refers to electromagnetic waves having a wavelength of 3 m to 100 m.
- the emissivity of a material is WZW, where W fl is the radiation energy of an ideal black body far-infrared ray under the same conditions, and W is the far-infrared radiation energy of the material.
- the emissivity value is preferably at room temperature (for example, 25 ° C) close to the actual use temperature of the system of the present invention. For example, the value near 10 xm where the thermal effect on the human body is large is adopted. .
- cooling and / or heating surface refers to cooling and / or heating or cooling that heats and / or heats indoor surface components by heat transfer to / from the indoor surface components.
- the “cooling and heating or heating surface” refers to the surface of the cooling and heating or heating source where the same far-infrared emitting material as the far-infrared emitting material of the indoor surface component is present.
- the far-infrared emitting material is preferably exposed on this surface, but may be covered with a protective layer of about 1 mm or less.
- the far-infrared radiation material on the cooling surface absorbs far-infrared radiation emitted by the far-infrared radiation material of the indoor surface components, and when the heating surface of the heating source is heated, The far-infrared radiation emitted from the far-infrared radiation on the heated surface is absorbed by the far-infrared radiation on the interior surface components.
- the present invention is a phenomenon in which heat transfer (heat transfer) via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with higher efficiency than when not between the same molecular species.
- W Used to absorb the far-infrared rays from the human body on the inner surface of the room (for example, the wall surface) by allowing the same far-infrared emitting material to exist on at least a part of the cooled surface and the inner surface of the room.
- the basic idea of the invention is that it functions as a member (secondary cold radiation source) and obtains a cooling effect for cooling the human body.
- the surface to be cooled is heated in reverse and used as a heat supply source, so that the inner surface of the room becomes a far infrared radiation member (secondary heat radiation source),
- the basic idea of the invention is that the inner surface of the room reduces the amount of far-infrared rays absorbed from the human body, thereby obtaining a heating effect that relieves the human sense of cold.
- Fig. 1A and Fig. 1B show the emissivity data of far-infrared radiation material with respect to the wavelength of electromagnetic wave, respectively.
- Z 1 " ⁇ 2 + ⁇ & ⁇ and 8 1 2 ⁇ 3 + ⁇ i ⁇ 2 It shows the radiation characteristics when (thickness 4 0 0 xm) is heated to 6 0 0.
- Each component ratio is 1: 1 (weight ratio).
- Figure 1 A and Figure 1 B is between Z r ⁇ 2 + C a O film and A l 2 ⁇ 3 + T i ⁇ 2 film, the characteristics of emission versus wavelength is shown to be different. This indicates that if the composition of the far-infrared emitting material is different (that is, if the molecular species is different), the emissivity characteristics with respect to the wavelength will be different.
- the Zr 0 2 + CaO film is set to a relatively high temperature
- the A 1 2 0 3 + T i O 2 film is set to a relatively low temperature
- the Z r 0 2 + Consider the case where the far infrared rays emitted from the C aO film are absorbed by the A 1 2 0 3 + T i 0 2 film.
- the wavelength emissivity is less than the emissivity of the A 1 2 O 3 + T i ⁇ 2 Z r ⁇ 2 + C A_ ⁇ , A 1 20 3 + T i ⁇ 2 distant emitted the wavelength from Part of the infrared light is not absorbed by Z rO 2 + C a0 and a loss occurs.
- the present invention provides an indoor environment adjustment system based on the above-mentioned principle in which heat exchange between the same molecular species via thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency.
- the cooling surface at the cooling source is often referred to as the “cooling dehumidification surface”.
- the system according to the present invention uses a phenomenon in which heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with higher efficiency than when the same molecular species is not between the same molecular species.
- a cooling effect is obtained by performing heat transfer through heat radiation between the surface constituent member and the cooling surface of the cooling source with high efficiency.
- dehumidification on the cooling surface is only a secondary effect.
- the cooling surface exhibits cooling effect by being cooled by a refrigerant.
- dehumidification is advantageous, but it is not indispensable. Whether or not dehumidification is performed is cooled by the humidity of the indoor environment to which the system of the present invention is applied and a refrigerant. Depends on the temperature of the cooling surface. Nonetheless, dehumidification due to condensation on the cooling surface does not work adversely, and humidity is often high in high temperature environments where the system of the present invention is utilized. With this in mind, in the following description, the cooling surface in the cooling source is referred to as the “cooling dehumidification surface”.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an outline of a room provided with the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention as one embodiment of the present invention.
- room 1 0 0 is shown.
- the room 100 is a residential room such as a detached house or an apartment house.
- the room 100 has a hexahedron-shaped indoor space 1 0 1.
- the inner side of the indoor space 1 0 1 is composed of a floor surface 2 0 0, a wall surface 3 0 0, and a ceiling surface 4 0 0.
- the floor surface 200 is composed of a floor panel obtained by molding natural stone on the surface, and is heated by an electric heat controlled by a heat controller 20 4.
- a heat controller 20 4 When the floor surface 200 is heated, it functions as a heating surface that radiates far-infrared rays into the room 10 1 due to the far-infrared radiation effect of natural stone.
- a hot carpet including a far-infrared emitting material for example, natural stone powder particles
- the wall surface 300 is composed of plaster mixed with a pulverized product obtained by pulverizing natural stones constituting the floor surface 200.
- a cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1 is provided on a part of the wall 3 100. Cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1 is the floor surface on the outermost surface
- the cooling dehumidifying surface 30 1 is cooled by the refrigerant cooled by the refrigerant cooling device 30 2. Further, as will be described later, a dehumidifying device using the cooling dehumidifying surface 30 1 is configured. Cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1 installation area
- the wall surface 300 is provided with a window and a door.
- the area of the window and the door with respect to the wall surface 300 is 30%.
- the ceiling surface 400 is constituted by a gypsum board containing a pulverized material obtained by pulverizing natural stone constituting the floor surface 200.
- the total heat capacity of the natural stone contained in the floor surface 2 0 0 is approximately compared to the heat capacity of the air occupying the indoor space 1 0 1 (temperature calculated at 20 ° C and humidity 50%). Designed to be triple.
- far-infrared rays are reflected indoors on the back side of the stone floor on the floor surface 200, and on the back side of the layer containing the natural stone on the wall surface 300 and ceiling surface 400 (that is, In order to prevent far-infrared rays from escaping outside the room, a reflective layer made of a metal foil sheet is provided.
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the floor.
- FIG. 3 shows the base structure 2 0 1 of the room 1 0 1.
- the foundation structure 2 0 1 is a structure that becomes the foundation of the floor.
- a heat insulating material 20 2 is arranged on the base structure 2 0 1, and a heat generating layer 2 0 3 using an electric heater is provided thereon.
- a driving current is supplied to the heat generating layer 20 3 from the heat control device 2 0 4.
- a metal foil sheet (not shown) is laid on the lower surface side of the heat generating layer 20 3 to reflect far-infrared rays in the direction of the stone floor panel 2 0 5.
- a stone floor panel 2 0 5 which is made by adding natural stone into a plate shape having a thickness of 30 mm, is laid.
- the natural stone composing the stone floor panel 20 is granite, and the emissivity of far-infrared rays is selected to be about 0.9.
- the entire floor surface 200 has the structure shown in FIG. 0 0 5 0
- the heat generating layer 203 may be configured to transmit heat to the stone floor panel by circulating hot water. In this case, the cost of use can be reduced by using solar light to obtain hot water.
- the stone floorboard panel 205 may be another natural stone or ceramic material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more, more preferably 0.9 or more.
- Fig. 4A shows a conceptual diagram showing the outline of the cooling and dehumidifying device
- Fig. 4B shows a partial cross-sectional view.
- the cooling and dehumidifying device includes a cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface 301 is provided with a plurality of aluminum fins 304 whose surfaces are coated as described later.
- This fin 304 is a thin plate-like shape and extends vertically. Fins 304 can also be made of other metal or alloy materials with good thermal conductivity, such as iron, copper, and their alloys.
- the far-infrared absorbing layer 3 0 4 a is a mixture of a pulverized product obtained by pulverizing natural stone that constitutes a stone floor panel 2 0 5 and a binder, and coats it on the surface of the fin 3 0 4 in layers to dry it. It is gained by this. 0 0 5 4
- the content of the pulverized material obtained by pulverizing natural stone composing the floor surface 200 in the far-infrared absorbing layer 30 4 a thus formed is 40% by weight in this example.
- heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is used, so the content of the pulverized material that the far-infrared absorbing layer 3 0 4 a should contain is transferred by thermal radiation. It depends on the amount of heat to be used and also on the total area of the far-infrared absorbing layer 3 0 4 a.
- the far-infrared absorbing layer 304 can contain 1% by weight or more of powdered material, or it can contain 10% by weight or more or 20% by weight or more of pulverized material.
- the fin 30 4 is integrally formed with an aluminum support plate 30 3.
- the back side of the support plate 30 3 is exposed to the refrigerant passage 3 0 5.
- the same layer as the far-infrared absorbing layer 3 0 4 a is formed on the front side (inner side) of the support plate 3 0 3. Is provided.
- cold water circulates as a refrigerant.
- This refrigerant is cooled by the refrigerant cooling device 30.
- the cooling mechanism of the refrigerant cooling device 300 is the same as that used in general air conditioners and refrigerators.
- a drainage groove 3 07 is provided below the cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1.
- the cooling water circulates in the refrigerant passage 30 5
- the fin 30 4 is cooled, and the far-infrared absorbing layer 30 4 a on the surface of the fin 30 4 is also cooled.
- the pulverized material contained in the far-infrared absorbing layer 3 0 4 a radiates from the floor 2 0 0, wall 3 0 0, and ceiling 4 0 0
- the absorbed far infrared rays are absorbed, and the environment in the room 100 is cooled.
- a drainage tank 3 0 8 is attached to the lower part of the drainage groove 3 0 7 in a detachable manner, and the water dripped into the drainage groove 3 0 7 is stored in the water collection tank 3 0 8.
- a dehumidifying device is configured by collecting the condensed moisture.
- the refrigerant cooling device 302 is not limited to the exemplified one, and any apparatus that can cool the refrigerant can be used.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface may be configured by using the floor surface or ceiling surface, but it is necessary to devise a method for treating the condensed water droplets.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface can be arranged separately in the room instead of being provided on a part of the wall surface. However, it is important that the cooling and dehumidifying surface is exposed indoors so that heat can be exchanged with the floor, wall and ceiling surfaces via radiation.
- the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface may be made of stone itself. Further, it is preferable to cover the power of the refrigerant cooling device 302 with the power generated by the solar cell.
- the cooling using the refrigerant dehumidifying device 30 2 has a higher cooling efficiency than a general convection type cooling device (so-called air conditioner), and thus can sufficiently supply power by solar cell power generation.
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the wall.
- a wall surface 300 shown in FIG. 2 has a cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. Fig. 5 shows the foundation structure 3 10 which is the underlying structure of the wall.
- a heat insulating pod 3 1 1 is installed on the indoor side of the foundation structure 3 1 0.
- a metal foil sheet 3 1 2 is stretched over the heat insulating pod 3 1 1, and a plaster layer 3 1 3 is formed thereon.
- the plaster layer 3 1 3 is an average particle size of 5 to 10 Om (in the example described here, about 50 ⁇ m), which is a natural stone that constitutes a stone floorboard panel 2 05 with a normal plaster material
- the crushed powder is mixed with 20% by weight of the normal plaster material (raw material that does not contain water) and then kneaded with water.
- the thickness of the plaster layer 3 1 3 is 30 mm, and its construction method is the same as a normal plaster wall.
- Fig. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of the ceiling.
- the ceiling surface 400 shown in FIG. 2 has a cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. Figure 6 shows the foundation structure 4 0 1 that is the underlying structure of the ceiling.
- a metal foil sheet 4 0 2 is installed on the lower surface of the foundation structure 4 0 1, and a 20 mm thick gypsum board 4 3 is further attached.
- the gypsum board 4 0 3 is a piece of natural stone composing the floor 2 0 0 crushed to an average particle size of 5 to 100 m (in this example, about 5 0 111). It has a mixed composition of 0% by weight.
- FIGS. 2 to 6 The heating principle in the embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 will be described. Since the present invention is a technology that causes a human body in the room to absorb radiant heat and feel the warmth of the person, here, the term “warming” is used to make the person in the room feel the warmth. When Used in the sense.
- Figures 7A and 7B are conceptual diagrams illustrating the principle of obtaining the heating effect. In order to perform heating, the refrigerant cooling device 30 2 is not operated, the heater control device 20 4 is operated, and the floor surface 200 is heated. Then, the stone floor board panel 20 5 (see FIG.
- FIG. 7A far-infrared rays emitted from the floor surface 200 are conceptually indicated by arrows indicated by reference numeral 51.
- Part of the far-infrared radiation radiated from the floor surface 2 0 0 is absorbed by the human 5 2 and far-infrared absorbing components in the air in the indoor space 1 0 1, and the others are the wall surface 3 0 0 and the ceiling surface 4 0 Absorbed to 0.
- wall surface 300 and ceiling surface 400 are not heated (that is, the temperature is lower than floor surface 200)
- wall surface 300 and ceiling surface 4 0 0 contains the same stone powder as the stone that is the source of the far infrared rays from the floor surface 20 0, so the far infrared rays emitted from the floor surface 2 0 0 are efficiently wall 3 0 0 And is absorbed by the ceiling surface 400.
- the re-radiated far-infrared is conceptually indicated by a dashed arrow with a reference numeral 53.
- Part of this re-radiated far-infrared ray 5 3 is absorbed by the far-infrared absorbing component in the air of human 52 and indoor space 10 0 1, and the others are again wall surface 3 0 0 and ceiling surface 4 0 Reabsorbed to 0.
- the far-infrared rays When the far-infrared rays are re-radiated, the far-infrared rays are reflected indoors by the metal foil sheets on the back side of the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400, so that the far-infrared rays radiated from the floor surface 200 The dissipation of thermal energy of infrared rays can be suppressed. As a result, energy can be used effectively. 0 0 6 4
- the infrared absorbing component absorbs far infrared rays and raises its temperature. In this way, a heating effect can be obtained.
- the floor surface 200 is heated and the temperature itself rises, the same effect as the floor heating can be obtained, and the heating effect is also generated at the same time.
- heating is performed not by convection or heat conduction but by radiation that spreads throughout the room, so that deviation in temperature distribution in the room, particularly in the vertical direction, can be suppressed.
- only the floor surface is heated directly, and heat is used for heating via the far infrared rays radiated from the floor surface, so that energy can be used effectively. This reduces energy waste.
- the flow of air current is not used, there is no adverse health effect if discomfort caused by hot air hitting the skin. Zero emissions can be realized when using hot water that uses solar heat or self-generated electricity from solar cells as a heat source for heating.
- cooling is a technology that causes a human body in a room to absorb radiant heat and feel the warmth of humans, here the term “cooling” is used to indicate that the person in the room feels cool.
- 8A and 8B are conceptual diagrams for explaining the principle of obtaining the cooling effect.
- the cooling effect is as follows: (1) Heater control device 204 and refrigerant cooling The cooling effect when the rejection device 3 0 2 is not operated together and (2) the cooling effect when the refrigerant cooling device 3 0 2 is operated without operating the heat control device 2 0 4 . First, the cooling effect in case (1) will be explained.
- the heater control device 20 4 and the refrigerant cooling device 30 2 are not operated.
- the floor surface 200 is covered with stone floor panels with large heat capacity, so it has a high function of maintaining the temperature when the temperature at night or at dawn is the lowest.
- the floor surface (stone floor) 2 0 which has cooled when the temperature at night or at dawn has fallen the most, rises with the subsequent rise in temperature, but since the heat capacity is large, The temperature will not rise. Therefore, a cold feel can be obtained even in the daytime when the temperature rises. This can be confirmed experimentally.
- the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400 have a lower stone content compared to the floor surface 200, and the heat capacity is considerably smaller than the floor surface. Therefore, when the temperature rises in the daytime, the temperature of the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400 becomes relatively high compared to the floor surface 200 due to the influence.
- the minimum temperature at dawn is 20 ° C and the maximum daytime temperature is 28 ° C
- the floor surface will be around 2 2 to 23 ° C at dawn, indoors With proper shading, the maximum temperature is about 25-26 even during the daytime.
- the temperature of the wall surface 300 with a low heat capacity is several degrees higher than the floor surface, and the ceiling surface 400 is closer to the temperature than that. 0 0 7 0
- far-infrared rays are radiated from the relatively high temperature wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400 toward the relatively low temperature floor surface 200, and the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400
- the contained far-infrared emitting material is cooled.
- This cooling has a high immediate effect because the heat capacity of the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 4 0 0 is smaller than the heat capacity of the floor surface 2 0 0.
- the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400 are in a state in which far-infrared radiation is easily absorbed by the radiation by absorbing hot air in the form of far-infrared absorption to the floor surface 200.
- the surface of the floor surface 200 is made of stone, and the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 40 0 0 include the pulverized material of the stone material. The movement is performed with high efficiency.
- the far infrared rays emitted by the human 52 are easily absorbed by the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400, and the human 52 is cool. You will feel.
- far infrared rays radiated mainly from moisture in the air are easily absorbed by the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400, and the temperature is lowered.
- the cooling function in the case of (1) is a passive function that does not require electric energy for cooling, and is very preferable from the viewpoint of not irradiating energy and the environment.
- the cooling effect in the case of (2) to be described below can realize cooling capable of living sufficiently comfortably.
- the heater control device 20 4 is not operated, the refrigerant cooling device 30 2 is operated, and the cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1 is cooled.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1 has a lower temperature than the floor surface 2 0 0, the wall surface 3 0 0 and the ceiling surface 4 0 0.
- the imbalance of the thermal equilibrium state increases, and far-infrared rays are emitted from the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400 toward the cooling dehumidification surface 301, which is cooled and dehumidified. Absorbed on face 3 0 1.
- the floor surface 200 is composed of a stone made of the same material as the ground material coated on the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface 301, and the wall surface 300 and the ceiling surface 400 are Since it contains the same pulverized material coated on the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface 301, the amount of heat transferred through the far-infrared rays is performed with high efficiency.
- FIG. 8A This is illustrated in FIG. 8A.
- solid arrows 6 1 indicate that far-infrared rays are emitted from the floor 2 0 0, the wall 3 0 0 and the ceiling 4 0 0 toward the cooling and dehumidifying surface 3 0 1, which is the cooling and dehumidifying surface.
- the state of absorption by 3 0 1 is conceptually shown.
- the temperature of each part has a relationship of ceiling surface 4 0 0> wall surface 3 0 0> floor surface 2 0 0> cooling / dehumidifying surface 3 0 1.
- the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400 are easily absorbed by the cooling dehumidifying surface 30 0 1 by absorbing far-infrared rays in the form of absorption of far-infrared rays. It becomes a state. This appears as a temperature drop on the floor surface 200, wall surface 300, and ceiling surface 400, but as a result of supplying radiant heat to the cooling dehumidifying surface 301, the deviation from the equilibrium state increases. It can also be understood that the ability to absorb radiant heat is enhanced. 0 0 7 6
- FIG. 8B conceptually shows a state in which the radiant heat indicated by the broken arrow 62 is being absorbed by the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400.
- the far infrared rays emitted by the human 52 are easily absorbed by the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400, so that the heat of the human 52 is in the form of heat radiation. It is absorbed by surface 2 0 0, wall surface 3 0 0 and ceiling surface 4 0 0. As a result, the body of human 52 is deprived of heat and cooled, and human 52 feels cool. The same can be said for the thermal energy of the far-infrared absorbing component in the air of the indoor space 101.
- the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400 easily absorb far-infrared rays, so that the heat energy of far-infrared absorbing components in indoor air is the form of radiant heat. It is absorbed by the floor surface 2 0 0, wall surface 3 0 0 and ceiling surface 4 0 0. As a result, the room temperature decreases.
- the cooling dehumidifying surface 301 when the cooling dehumidifying surface 301 is cooled, the surface condenses, and the condensed water droplets are captured and collected by the mechanism shown in FIG. 4A, so that a dehumidifying function can be obtained. Since moisture in the air is a good far-infrared absorbing component, it is indicated by the symbols 6 1 and 6 2 in Figs. 8A and 8B. Inhibits the action of using far-infrared radiation. Therefore, by removing moisture in the air, the floor surface 200, wall surface 300, and ceiling surface 400 using the far-infrared radiation described above creates a state in which the far-infrared radiation is more easily absorbed.
- the efficiency of absorption of radiant heat from the human body to the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400 is increased, and the cooling effect due to absorption of radiant heat from the human body is enhanced.
- the dehumidification function lowers the discomfort index, which also increases the cooling effect. For these reasons, even a cooling effect of air temperature of only 1 to 2 ° C can feel coolness more than the numerical value.
- the cooling of the method for absorbing radiant heat from the human body according to the present invention has a rapid rise in the cooling effect, so that the so-called effective cooling effect is high. This is also useful in reducing high comfort and wasteful energy consumption.
- the radiant heat from the human body is absorbed by the three surfaces of the floor surface 200, the wall surface 300, and the ceiling surface 400, the cooling effect of the human body is high.
- the refrigerant is used from the outside for the refrigerant. No energy input and no greenhouse gases
- the required power is less than that of normal cooling, so that energy saving can be achieved.
- the cooling effect can be effectively obtained without using commercial power.
- Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram showing the environment in which the measurement was performed.
- Figure 9 shows the cross-sectional shape of the measuring box 5 0 1 made of plywood.
- the measuring box 50 1 is made of a plywood board with a thickness of 15 mm, and has a box structure with the dimensions shown in the figure (the depth is also 45 cm) that is open on one side.
- the measuring box 5 0 1 is arranged in such a manner that the opened surface is placed on the floor 2 0 0 shown in FIG.
- the floor surface 2 0 0 is covered with stone floor panel 2 0 5 (25 cm square, 15 mm thick panel made of granite).
- the surface (floor surface) is heated by adjusting the temperature in the range of room temperature to 45 ° C with an electric heating heater.
- a temperature sensor wrapped with aluminum foil was placed at a height of 20 to 30 cm in the center of the inside of the measuring box 50 1, and the air temperature in that part was measured.
- a plaster panel 5 0 2 was attached to the upper part of the four wall surfaces inside the measuring box 5 0 1.
- This plaster panel 50 2 is the plaster layer 3 1 3 described in relation to Fig. 5 in the form of a panel with a thickness of 20 mm.
- the stone material constituting the stone floor board panel 2 0 5 in Fig. 3 The same stone material with an average particle size of 50 ⁇ In the shape (hereinafter referred to as stone powder).
- a total of 6 samples were prepared with a stone powder content of 0 wt%, 1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt% and 20 wt%.
- the measurement was performed according to the following procedure. First, the floor surface 200 was adjusted to a temperature of about 32 ° C, and waited until the temperature change for 10 minutes stabilized at 0.1 ° C or less. When the floor surface temperature stabilizes, place the measurement box 5 0 1 with the plaster panel 5 0 2 fixed on the upper part of the 4 inner wall surfaces on the floor surface 2 0 0 in the state shown in Fig. 9. Measurement of air temperature was started at the temperature measurement position shown in the figure. Below the plaster panel 50 2, the plywood panel was exposed.
- the temperature was measured at the start of measurement, 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 7 minutes and 10 minutes after the start of measurement.
- This work can be divided into “Stucco only”, “Stucco + stone powder 1% by weight”, “Stucco + stone powder 3% by weight”, “Stucco + stone powder 5% by weight”, “Stucco + stone powder 10% by weight”, “Stucco + It was performed on 6 samples of “20% by weight of stone powder”.
- Table 1 summarizes the increment from the measured temperature at the start of measurement for each sample.
- FIG. 10 A graph of the data in Table 1 is shown in Figure 10.
- the temperature rise rises and rises more for the plaster wall mixed with stone powder (flour material of the same stone as the floor) compared to the case of plaster alone.
- stone powder fluorescence material of the same stone as the floor
- the graph in Fig. 10 shows that an increase in temperature is observed due to the stone powder contained in the wall (the plaster panel 50 2). From this, the validity of the heating effect using the secondary radiation from the members other than the heating surface in the room, which is the principle of the present invention, is demonstrated.
- the data shown in Fig. 10 shows that the inclusion of stone powder improves the temperature rise characteristics at the start-up, especially 3-7 minutes after the start of heating.
- the temperature rise due to the heating of an object requires a lot of thermal energy at the time of start-up until reaching an equilibrium state. Therefore, it can be said that the phenomenon in which the characteristics at the start-up as shown in Fig. 10 have been improved shows the effectiveness of adding stone powder to the wall (stucco panel 50 2).
- the effect of improving the characteristics at the time of rising clearly appears when 1% by weight of stone powder is added, and more clearly when 3% by weight is added.
- the data in Fig. 10 shows that the wall surface contains the same material as the far-infrared radiation material that constitutes the heating surface, so that secondary radiation is emitted from the wall surface, and the secondary radiation component has a significant effect on the heating effect. It is demonstrating that As is well known, the far-infrared radiation and absorption of far-infrared emitting materials are reversible. Therefore, in the experiment shown in Fig. 9, when the heating surface (floor surface) is a cooling dehumidification surface, the trend is the reverse of the data shown in Fig. 10, that is, the cooling dehumidification surface (floor surface) has a wall surface (plaster panel 50). 2) The radiant heat is absorbed from the wall, making it easier for the wall surface to absorb the radiant heat.
- the data shown in Fig. 10 shows that the advantage of heat exchange between the same far-infrared emitting materials is that if the far-infrared emitting material is 1% by weight or more in the material where heat exchange is performed, the effect is effective. It can be confirmed that if it is 3% by weight or more, the effect is remarkable. From this, the knowledge about the ratio of the far-infrared emitting material is the same for the cooling dehumidification surface (or heating surface). To function as the cooling dehumidification surface (or heating surface) of the present invention, It is concluded that the surface should contain at least 1% by weight between the far-infrared emitting materials, preferably at least 3% by weight.
- the data shown in FIG. 10 described above is data that is based on the range of contents when far-infrared radiation is included in other materials (for example, paint layers and wallpaper).
- Table 2 shows the results of actually constructing a room that satisfies the conditions described in the above embodiment and measuring the temperature distribution in the vertical direction. Measurements were taken in an environment where the outside air temperature was 1 1 (winter daytime), and after 2 hours had passed since the floor surface temperature (stone floor surface temperature in Table 2) was heated to a comfortable level, the table above the floor This was done by measuring the temperature at the position shown in 2. The ceiling height is 3500 cm above the floor at the maximum height.
- the temperature distribution in the indoor vertical direction is highly uniform. In normal convection heating (so-called air conditioning heating), it is not uncommon for the temperature difference between the floor and the ceiling to exceed 10 ". Heating using the radiant heat of a ceramic heater is also radiant heat. It is only in front of the device, and the others are heating by convection, so the temperature distribution in the vertical direction is not much different from the case of the convection method.
- the uniformity of temperature distribution in the vertical direction as shown in Table 2 This is probably because the secondary radiation of far-infrared rays from the wall and ceiling is used without relying on far-infrared radiation only from the floor.
- Figure 11 is a graph showing the results of measurements taken in the summer in the room where the empirical data shown in Table 2 was obtained, with outside temperatures ranging from 34 ° C to 35 ° C.
- the measurement data in Fig. 11 was obtained with the humidity in the room maintained at 40% by operating the dehumidifier shown in Figs. 4A and 4B.
- the air temperature is the temperature measured with the temperature sensor wrapped in aluminum foil and without the influence of radiation.
- the perceived temperature is the temperature measured with the temperature sensor covered with black body tape (a tape that can be regarded as a black body containing carbon fiber) and easily affected by radiation.
- the measurement was performed at the highest temperature of the day around 2pm.
- the air temperature near the floor and 50 cm above the floor can be 6-7 lower than the outside air temperature. Also, the temperature is 4-5 lower than the outside temperature even near 100 cm above the floor. be able to.
- the reason why the temperature and the sensible temperature rise as the distance from the floor increases is considered to be due to the effect of natural convection and the higher the ratio of radiant heat absorbed by the floor as it gets closer to the floor.
- Figure 11 shows that in the range up to 50 cm above the floor, the sensory temperature is 0.2 to 0.5 ° C lower than the air temperature.
- the perceived temperature is the temperature when the temperature sensor is covered with the black body tape to be easily affected by radiation. Therefore, the above fact is a phenomenon in which the temperature of an object is lowered in the space from the floor to 50 cm above the floor due to the absorption of far-infrared rays by the stone floor, which is a far-infrared emitting material with a large heat capacity. It can be said.
- the temperature sensor is not a heating element and is not itself an object that emits far infrared rays. Nevertheless, the effects of radiation absorbed by the floor have been observed. Therefore, it can be inferred that the human body that constantly generates heat at around 36 ° C and emits far-infrared radiation feels a decrease in the temperature of the sensation as shown in Fig. 11. In fact, it has been confirmed that the sensory temperature drops more than the temperature difference seen in Fig. 11. Also, in Fig. 11, it is confirmed that coolness can be felt even in a space of 100 cm or more on the floor where there is no significant difference between the temperature and the sensory temperature.
- the temperature difference between the human foot (around 50 cm from the floor) and the head (around 1550 cm from the floor) is about 2.5 ° C in terms of temperature. It is settled. This is also a significant advantage over convection cooling. This point is also preferable from the viewpoint of health.
- a material that emits and absorbs far-infrared rays and has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.6 or more is mixed with the stone of the floorboard panel and the plaster constituting the wall surface and ceiling surface. Even if they are not the same material, the same effect can be obtained if the materials are close in composition but not as much as the same material. This is the same even when a ceramic material or the like is used as the far-infrared material. If the heating surface is the floor surface, it is advantageous that the floor heating effect can be obtained, but if the floor heating effect is not used, it may not be the floor surface.
- the floor surface, the wall surface, and the ceiling surface are all configured to include stone or stone powder (far-infrared radiation material).
- the surface including the far-infrared radiation material includes the floor surface and the wall surface, and the wall surface and the ceiling. It may be one of three types of combinations: surface, ceiling surface and floor surface.
- the combination of surfaces containing far-infrared radiation is one of the three combinations of floor and wall, wall and ceiling, and ceiling and floor, the far-infrared radiation will not be included on the entire surface.
- the radiation heat radiation and the loss during absorption increase in the portion not including the far-infrared emitting material. For this reason, the heating effect and the cooling effect using the radiation of the present invention are reduced. Therefore, in the above combination, it is necessary to include a far-infrared emitting substance in an area of 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more of each surface.
- the heating surface and Z or cooling / dehumidifying surface may be arranged in a plurality of locations.
- the pulverized material of far-infrared radiation (stone powder) is included in the plaster wall and the gypsum board of the ceiling, but if it is a building material that can mix the powdered material, the above example It is not limited.
- the effects of the present invention can also be obtained by including a pulverized product of far-infrared radiation material in an interior member such as wall paper and using it.
- the far infrared radiation material may be coated on the surface of the indoor surface component material by using ceramics coating technology instead of mixing the pulverized material with the indoor surface component material such as building materials.
- the present invention can be used in a classroom, an office, a sports facility, a library, a store, and other rooms where people are active and live. Can do.
- the above-described embodiment is merely an example, and it is needless to say that various construction materials can be appropriately selected according to the property and the construction site.
- a cooling means for cooling the floor surface 2 0 0 by heat conduction is provided to cool the floor surface 2 0 0.
- the floor 20 is composed of a stone floor panel 2 0 5 (see Fig. 3) obtained by shaping the stone, and its far-infrared absorption function is larger than the other parts, and the heat capacity is also high. large. Therefore, by cooling the floor surface 200 during cooling, the far-infrared absorption capacity of the floor surface 200 is enhanced, and by absorbing indoor far-infrared light to the floor surface 200, a higher cooling effect is obtained. be able to.
- the floor surface 200 it is not desirable for the floor surface 200 to condense, so it must be cooled to a degree that does not cause condensation.
- a cooling means for such cooling a pipe through which ground water or tap water flows is placed in contact with the back side of the stone floor panel 2 05, and the stone floor panel 2 0 5 is cooled from the back side.
- this cooling means may be a forced cooling means using electricity or other energy.
- dehumidification outside the floor surface may be used in combination to reduce indoor humidity and suppress condensation on the floor surface 200.
- Cooling is achieved by devising the shape of fin 30 4 (see Fig. 4A) and the arrangement structure so that the fins that make up the cooling and dehumidifying surface are evenly directed to the floor, wall, and ceiling.
- the absorption efficiency of radiant heat at the dehumidifying surface can be further increased.
- Examples of the structure include a structure in which the directions of the surfaces of the fins are different from each other, a plurality of fins are arranged obliquely, the fins are curved, and the fins are bent. it can.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the use of the present invention as another embodiment of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the outline
- Living 1 is connected to a corridor 5, which is another example of the second room, through a glass door 4 that can be opened and closed.
- the rooms that can enter and exit from the corridor 5 include the toilet 6 and a washroom 7 that also serves as a dressing room, and a bathroom 8 that is located adjacent to the washroom through an appropriate door.
- the doors on the corridor 5 side of toilet 6 and washroom 7 are regular wooden doors.
- the interiors of the toilet 6 and the washroom 7 have a structure in which ordinary wallpaper is pasted on the underlying gypsum board.
- Reference numeral 9 is a front door.
- the living room 1 is provided with a cold heat radiation device 110. Details of the cold heat radiation device 110 will be described later.
- the cold heat radiation device 110 shown in FIG. 12 is a device capable of switching between cold radiation and heat radiation.
- Cold radiation refers to the action of absorbing heat radiation from the surroundings when cooled
- heat radiation refers to the action of heat radiation toward the surroundings when heated. I mean this.
- the cold / heat radiation device 1 1 0 is connected to a cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 which is an outdoor unit.
- Cold and hot water generator 1 1 1 It has a top pump function and generates cold or hot water.
- This heat pump function operates on the same principle as that used in ordinary air conditioners. If only the cooling effect is to be obtained, only the cold water generation function is required. If only the heating effect is to be obtained, only the function of generating hot water is required.
- the fin described later is cooled and dehumidified by condensation.
- the fin surface functions as a cooling and dehumidifying surface that performs cold radiation.
- hot water is supplied from the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 to the cold heat radiating device 1 10
- the fin is warmed, and the surface of the fin functions as a heating surface (heat radiating surface).
- cold water is water cooled by the cooling function of the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 1
- hot water is water heated by the heating function of the cold / hot water generator 1 1. I mean.
- the water droplets condensed on the fins are collected by dripping them into a basket and drained outdoors.
- FIG. 13A is a top view of the cooling / radiating device 110 viewed from above, and FIG. 13B is a front view of FIG. 13A viewed from the direction of the arrow 11 2.
- the cold heat radiation device 1 1 0 is fixed to the floor surface 1 1 3 and the wall surface 1 1 4 of the rib 1 (see FIG. 12).
- the cold heat radiation device 110 is composed of aluminum and includes two groups of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 extending in the vertical direction.
- the cold heat radiation device 110 can also be made of other metal or alloy material having good heat conduction, such as iron, copper, and alloys thereof.
- a plurality of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 are arranged at an angle (45 ° in this example) with respect to the wall surface 1 14.
- This angle can be selected from the range of 15 ° to 75 °.
- the surfaces of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 function as a cooling and dehumidifying surface that performs dehumidification due to condensation or as a heated heating surface. That is, fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 function as a cold source.
- Fig. 1 3 A shows a cooling radiation device 1 1 0 including two groups of fins inclined with respect to the wall surface 1 1 4.
- the cooling radiation device is connected to the wall surface 1 1 4. It is also possible to have a group of fins (a group of fins all arranged in parallel) arranged at right angles.
- FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of fin 1 1 5 (1 1 6).
- fin 1 1 5 (1 1 6) is composed of an elongated plate-shaped aluminum plate 1 1 5 a, and far-infrared emissivity is 0.9 on its surface.
- a coating layer 1 15 b with a thickness of about 200 m is formed, consisting of a white paint mixed with pulverized granite (hereinafter referred to as stone powder) that shows a numerical value exceeding.
- the particle size of the stone powder in the coating layer 1 15 b is 50 m or less.
- the content of this stone powder in the coating layer 1 15 b is 20% by weight in the cured state (dry state) of the paint.
- This coating layer functions as a cooling and dehumidifying surface and a heating surface.
- a water channel 1 15 c extending in the vertical direction is provided inside the aluminum plate 1 15 a.
- the water supply pipe 1 1 7 penetrates the fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 and the drainage pipe 1 1 8 penetrates the lower part thereof.
- the water supply pipe 1 1 7 and the drain pipe 1 1 8 also function as support members for supporting the fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6.
- the water supply pipe 1 1 7 is connected to the upper end of the water channel 1 1 5 c of each fin (see Fig. 14).
- the drain pipe 1 1 8 is connected to the lower end of the water channel 1 1 5 c of each fin (see Fig. 14).
- Each of the water supply pipe 1 1 7 and the drainage pipe 1 1 8 is connected to a cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 (see Fig. 1 2) placed outdoors.
- Cold water or hot water supplied from 1 1 is supplied from the water supply pipe 1 1 7 to the fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 and to the water channel 1 1 5 c. 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 Flow through 1 1 5 c in the downward direction and are collected in the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 via the drain pipe 1 1 8.
- the collected cold water or hot water is cooled or heated again in the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 and supplied to the water supply pipe 1 1 7.
- This cold or hot water circulation adjusts the temperature of fins 1 1 5 and 1 6
- both sides of water supply pipe 1 1 7 and drain pipe 1 1 8 with fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 supported from above and below are supported by columns 1 1 9 and 1 2 0 ing.
- the lower ends of the columns 1 1 9 and 1 2 0 are fixed to the floor 1 1 3, and the upper portions of the columns 1 1 9 and 1 2 0 are fixed to the wall 1 1 4.
- a ridge 1 2 1 having a concave shape or a V shape with the cross section facing upward.
- ⁇ 1 2 1 is an example of a water droplet collection means that collects water droplets that form condensation.
- ⁇ 1 2 1 is supported by struts 1 1 9 and 1 2 0 and is inclined to the left in the figure.
- the left end of 1 2 1 is connected to the water pipe 1 2 2 extended outdoors.
- water droplets adhering to the fin due to condensation drop on ⁇ 1 2 1 and are collected in ⁇ 1 2 1, and finally drained to the outside through drain pipe 1 2 2.
- fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 are inclined 45 ° to wall 1 1 4 and 90 ° different from the interior space of riving 1 (see Fig. 1 2).
- the surface faces in two diagonal directions. By doing this, you can see the surface of fin 1 1 5 and Z or fin 1 1 6 from any location in living room 1. In other words, far-infrared rays from any part of Living 1 efficiently reach the surface of fins 1 1 5 and Z or 1 1 6. Alternatively, far-infrared rays from fins 1 1 5 and / or 1 1 6 can reach any part in riving 1 efficiently.
- each of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 is arranged in parallel, the total area of the fins can be increased compared to the occupied area and volume. Increasing the total fin area is advantageous for increasing the amount of far-infrared absorption or radiation and for increasing the efficiency of dehumidification.
- FIGS. 15A to 15H are conceptual diagrams showing the structure of the building material used in this embodiment.
- Fig. 15 A conceptually shows the cross-sectional structure of the floor of Rive 1.
- the floor of riving 1 is made by laminating a heat insulating panel 6 0 2 with a reflecting surface made of aluminum foil 6 0 3 and a plate 6 0 4 on the building frame 6 0 1. It has a cross-sectional structure.
- two varnish layers 60 5 and 60 6 are formed as a surface protective layer.
- the varnish layer 6 05 in contact with the plate material 60 4 contains 10% by weight in a dry state of the same stone powder further adhered to the surface of the fin described above to 0.5 or less. .
- This double layer 6 0 5 mixes stone powder with the raw material of varnish, stirs it well, It is obtained by applying in the same way as varnish 3 and drying.
- the varnish layer 60 6 is a protective layer on the outermost surface, and is formed using a raw material of the same varnish as that of the varnish layer 60 5 without mixing stone powder.
- the wall 1 3 of the rib 1 shown in Fig. 12 has a plaster wall with a thickness of about 3 mm.
- the above-mentioned stone powder (particle size of 5 m or less) is mixed with the plaster raw material so that it becomes 5% by weight in the cured state.
- Figure 15 B shows the cross-sectional structure of this wall 13.
- Figure 15B shows the frame 1 3 1 that is the basis for the wall 1 3.
- a gypsum board 1 3 3 provided with aluminum foil 1 3 2 on the side of the casing 1 3 1 is attached to the casing 1 3 1.
- the above-mentioned plaster containing stone powder is applied, and a wall surface 1 3 4 having a thickness of about 3 mm is formed.
- the ceiling surface of Living 1 is also a plaster surface with the same structure as Wall 1 3.
- Fig. 15 C which shows the cross-sectional structure of the ceiling part of Living 1, shows the frame 1 4 1 that is the foundation of the ceiling.
- the plasterboard 1 4 3 with aluminum foil 1 4 2 is affixed to the indoor side of the casing 1 4 1 and the plaster with the above-mentioned stone powder is placed on the indoor side of the plaster board 1 4 3
- a plaster ceiling surface 144 having a thickness of about 3 mm is formed.
- the riving 1 is provided with a glass window 14 that can be opened and closed.
- a metal blind 15 (Venetian blind) is arranged as an awning.
- the floor of Japanese-style room 2 shown in Fig. 12 is an ordinary tatami mat.
- Wall 2 3 of Japanese-style room 2 has the same stucco wall as wall 1 3.
- Detailed structure of the wall 1 3 Is the same.
- the ceiling of Japanese-style room 2 (not shown) has the structure shown in Fig. 15C.
- the Japanese-style room 2 is provided with an openable / closable glass window 24, and an openable / closable shoji 25 is disposed inside the glass window 24.
- a storage 2 2 is arranged via a jar 2 1 that can be opened and closed.
- Shoji 3 and Shoji 25 are general shojis with shoji paper on wooden frames.
- FIG. 15D is a cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional structure of ⁇ 21.
- ⁇ 2 1 has a basic structure in which paper 1 5 2 and 1 5 3 are attached to a wooden frame 1 5 1. Furthermore, in this example, aluminum foil 1 5 4 which becomes the reflection surface of far-infrared rays is pasted on the surface of paper 1 5 3 on the indoor side, and decorative paper 1 5 5 containing the above stone powder is pasted on (inside the room). Attached.
- This decorative paper 15 5 is formed by mixing the above-mentioned stone powder in a mixed solution (slurry) containing raw materials when paper is formed and carrying out paper koji in the same manner as usual.
- a mixed solution slurry
- the stone powder containing 5% by weight in the dry state is used.
- the floor structure of Corridor 5 shown in Figure 12 is the same as that shown in Figure 15A.
- the wall structure of corridor 5 is the same as that shown in Figure 15B.
- the structure of the ceiling of Corridor 5 is the same as that shown in Figure 15 C.
- Fig. 12 Storage of the riving 1 1 2
- Door 1 1 Explain the structure of 1 .
- Fig. 15 E shows the cross-sectional structure of door 1 1.
- the surface of the indoor side of the door 11 contains the above stone powder.
- the door 1 1 has a basic structure in which plywood 1 6 2 and 1 6 3 are pasted on both sides of a wooden frame 1 6 1.
- the plywood 1 6 3 is placed on the indoor side of the living 1, and the aluminum foil 1 6 4 that reflects far-infrared rays is pasted on the surface of the riving 1 side, and on this aluminum foil 1 6 4,
- the decorative paper 1 6 5 is pasted in the same material as the decorative paper 1 5 5.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B are conceptual diagrams for explaining the principle of the cooling effect in the present embodiment.
- Fig. 16A shows a plan view similar to Fig. 12.
- Fig. 16B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 16A.
- the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1 generates cold water and supplies it to the cold heat radiator 1 1 0 to cool.
- Cooling radiation device 1 1 0 fins 1 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 are cooled by cold water, the temperature of the stone powder in the coating layer on the fin surface decreases .
- the far-infrared radiant energy density (radiant energy) from the fins of the cold heat radiation device 110 is equal to the floor 4 1, the wall 1 3, and the ceiling of the rib 1 containing stone powder of the same composition. 4 Lower than the radiant energy density from 2. (Specifically, the measured value of the thermal radiometer becomes smaller). Due to this difference, relative heat radiation is generated from the floor 4 1, the wall 1 3, and the ceiling 4 2 of the rib 1 toward the fin of the cold heat radiation device 1 10.
- the thermal radiation (far infrared rays) at this time is schematically indicated by arrows.
- the principle of high efficiency of exchange of thermal radiant energy between the same molecular species works, so the radiant energy density between the two is greater than if not the same molecule.
- the inner surface portion of the rib 1 containing the stone powder is in a state in which the amount of heat radiation emitted toward the indoor space is reduced by the amount of the far infrared rays absorbed by the cold heat radiation device 110.
- the difference from the amount of heat radiation emitted by the human body becomes large, and the far infrared rays radiated from the human body are easily absorbed by the inner surface portion of the living room 1 containing the stone powder.
- FIGS. 17A and 17B are conceptual diagrams for explaining the cooling action.
- FIG. 17A shows a plan view
- FIG. 17B shows a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 16B.
- the inner surface of the living room 1 can easily absorb the heat radiation from the human body in the living room 1, as shown by the arrows in FIGS. 17A and 17B.
- heat radiation from the human body 4 3 to the surroundings is absorbed by the wall 1 3, ceiling 4 2, and floor 4 1.
- This cooling effect is such that heat is absorbed from the human body in the form of heat radiation from the entire inner surface of the room.
- the heat absorption capacity per unit area of the wall, etc. is smaller than the cold heat radiation device 110, It works in the area of the inner surface of the room and the angle range surrounding the human body. Since humans radiate heat evenly around, by absorbing heat in the form of heat radiation throughout the interior of the room, heat is efficiently absorbed from the human body 43, high cooling effect (low sensible temperature) ) Is obtained.
- stone powder of a different type from the stone powder contained on the inner surface of riving 1 (stone powder with a different composition) is applied to the coating layer 1 1 5 b of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 (see Fig. 1 3).
- heat exchange is performed via radiation between different molecules, so that the energy exchange efficiency is the same when using the same material as in the case of electromagnetic energy exchange between resonant circuits with different resonant frequencies. Compared to For this reason, the cooling effect described above is reduced.
- the metal blade 15 (see FIG. 12) serves as a shielding surface, and the phenomenon that heat radiation from the glass window 14 is absorbed by the cooling heat radiation device 110 is suppressed. For this reason, the heat radiation from the outside is absorbed by the cold heat radiation device 110, and the phenomenon of wasteful energy consumption is suppressed.
- FIG. 18 conceptually shows the case where the cooling / radiating device 1 1 0 is cooled in a state where the glass door 4 between the corridor 5 and the riving 1 in the configuration shown in FIG. 12 is opened. ing. 0 1 5
- the cold heat radiation device 110 when the cold heat radiation device 110 is cooled, heat radiation is performed from the wall D portion of the riving 1 toward the cold heat radiation device 110, and the temperature of the wall surface D decreases.
- the temperature of wall D decreases, a temperature difference occurs with wall E within the line-of-sight range, and heat radiation is generated from wall E to wall D to eliminate the temperature difference. The temperature drops.
- heat radiation is generated from the wall surface F to the wall surface E, and the temperature of the wall surface F decreases.
- heat radiation is generated from the wall G to the wall F, and the temperature of the wall G decreases.
- the above effect also functions effectively in Living Room 1 and Japanese Room 2.
- Libbing 1 heat radiation from the wall surface where the cooling device 1 1 0 cannot be seen due to furniture (not shown) is transmitted through the wall surface where the cooling device 1 1 0 can be seen. Absorbed indirectly by 0.
- the ability to absorb far-infrared rays on the wall surface where the cooling / radiating device 110 cannot be seen increases, and the wall portion contributes to the cooling function.
- the shoji 3 when the shoji 3 is opened, there may be a wall in the Japanese room 2 that cannot be seen from the cold heat radiator 1 1 0, but even in that case, the wall in a place where the cold heat radiator 1 1 0 can be seen. Heat radiation to the cooling heat radiation device 110 occurs through the wall, and the wall surface that cannot be seen from the cooling heat radiation device 110 in the Japanese room 2 also contributes to the cooling effect.
- Fig. 15 5 F shows that the screen can be used instead of shoji 3 3 1 is shown.
- ⁇ 3 1 has a wooden frame 3 2 with decorative paper 3 3 and 3 4 on both sides.
- the decorative papers 3 3 and 3 4 contain 5% by weight of a dry stone powder similar to the decorative paper 1 5 5 (see Fig. 15 D).
- ⁇ 3 1 contains the above-mentioned stone powder on both sides, it is possible to transfer heat energy between riving 1 and Japanese-style room 2 via far infrared rays with low loss.
- the action of ⁇ 3 1 will be described by taking cooling as an example.
- the decorative paper 33 is on the Japanese room 2 side, and the decorative paper 34 is on the rib 1 side.
- ⁇ 3 1 is closed.
- the decorative paper 3 4 whose temperature has decreased due to the above phenomenon (decreased thermal energy state), easily absorbs heat radiation from the decorative paper 3 3, and as a result, is radiated from the decorative paper 3 3. Far-infrared rays are absorbed by the decorative paper 3 4 and the temperature of the decorative paper 3 3 decreases.
- the transfer of thermal energy at this time is also performed with a low loss due to the principle that the transfer of thermal radiation energy between the same molecular species is performed with a low loss.
- the far-infrared rays from the wall 2 3 and the wall 2 1 of the Japanese-style room 2 are absorbed by the decorative paper 3 3 whose temperature has decreased.
- the transfer of thermal energy at this time is also performed between the same molecular species, so it is performed with low loss.
- Japanese style room 2 The temperature of walls 2 3 and ⁇ 2 1 drops, and by the same principle as shown in Fig. 17 A, the amount of heat radiation absorbed from the human body 4 4 entering the Japanese-style room 2 increases. The cooling effect is demonstrated.
- shoji paper for shoji 3 paper containing stone powder may be used.
- paper made of the same material as decorative paper 3 3 and 3 4 is used as the shoji paper. Since this shoji paper contains the stone powder, the same effect as ⁇ 3 1 can be obtained.
- the floor surface of riving 1 and corridor 5 may be a stone floor composed of stone panels formed from granite, which is the raw material for stone powder, in a panel shape.
- a floor heating device may be incorporated in the stone floor, and floor heating may be used during heating.
- far-infrared radiation radiated from the stone floor is secondarily re-radiated from the wall or ceiling surface containing stone powder of the same material as the stone floor, and a heating effect can be obtained in which far-infrared radiation is radiated from the entire room.
- the wall surface and ceiling surface may be made of stone panels.
- the stone is not limited to granite.
- Examples of the cooling and dehumidifying surface that performs dehumidification by dew condensation in the present invention or the heated heating surface are not limited to the forms shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, such as fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6. It may be a simple surface. In this case, for example, a part of the wall surface of the first chamber becomes a cooling and dehumidifying surface in which a coating layer obtained by mixing the ceramic material with a ground material is provided on the surface of the metal surface. By cooling this surface, it functions as a cooling / dehumidifying surface that dehumidifies by condensation, or by heating, it functions as a heating surface. This surface may have a structure provided with unevenness and folds in order to secure a surface area.
- ⁇ 1 2 1 collects water droplets attached Provide water droplet discharge means.
- a structure of the water droplet discharging means there is a design in which a groove is formed on this surface, and water is collected through the groove and drained.
- the surface of a prism or cylinder may be used in place of the plate-like fins to constitute a cooling / dehumidifying surface or a heating surface.
- a coating layer containing the far-infrared radiation material may be formed on the surface of a prismatic or cylindrical metal pipe, and cold water or hot water may be flowed through the metal pipe.
- a metal pipeline 15 is placed on the indoor side of the glass window 14, and the heat radiation from the glass window 14 is not absorbed by the cooling heat radiation device 1 1 0 during cooling. In addition, during the heating, the glass window 14 is prevented from absorbing the heat radiation from the cold heat radiation device 110.
- the same coating as the coating layer 1 1 5 b (see Fig. 14) provided on the surface of the plate-like fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 described above on the indoor surface of the blind 15 A layer may be formed. In this way, the indoor side of the blind 15 can be given the same function as the wall 13.
- FIG. 15G shows a cross-sectional structure of the roll curtain 170 that is pulled out from the wrap-around state.
- the roll force 1 7 0 has a decorative sheet 1 7 1 on the outdoor side (window side) and a decorative sheet 1 7 3 containing stone powder on the indoor side, and a reflective layer against heat radiation between them.
- Aluminum foil that functions as 1 7 2 is arranged.
- the decorative sheets 1 7 1 and 1 7 3 are made of resin material.
- Decorative sheet 1 7 3 Is exposed indoors and contains 10% by weight of stone powder.
- the same stone powder used in the coating layers 1 1 5 b of fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 is used. According to this example, it is possible to cause the mouthpiece 1 7 0 to function in the same manner as the wall surface 1 3 4.
- FIG. 15 H is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the cross-sectional structure of a wall with wallpaper.
- the wall 13 ' is shown.
- Wall 13 can be used instead of wall 13 in Fig. 15B.
- Fig. 15 H shows the case 1 3 1, and shows the state where the gypsum board 1 3 3 with the aluminum foil 1 3 2 attached is installed on the indoor side of this case 1 3 1 . Further, an aluminum foil 1 8 1 is attached to the indoor side surface of the plaster paste 1 3 3, and a wallpaper 1 8 2 is attached to the indoor side surface of the aluminum foil 1 8 1.
- Wallpaper 1 8 2 contains 3% by weight of the stone powder contained in the coating layer 1 1 5 b of fin 1 1 5 in Figure 14.
- Wallpaper 1 8 2 can be made to contain stone powder by using a mixture of the above-mentioned stone powder in the slurry of the raw material mixture during the production with paper baskets.
- aluminum foil 1 8 1 is used to prevent the far-infrared rays radiated from wallpaper 1 8 2 from going to the gypsum pod 1 3 3 side, and far infrared rays from the gypsum pod side to wallpaper 1 8 Functions as a reflection sheet that prevents 2 from being reached.
- the gypsum board 1 3 3 functions as an insulation layer to prevent the heat of the wallpaper 1 8 2 from escaping to the enclosure 1 3 1 or to prevent the heat of the enclosure 1 3 1 from reaching the wallpaper 1 8 2.
- the heat exchange capacity of wallpaper 1 8 2 can be increased, so that a high function can be expected when the wall surface is used as an indirect cold heat radiation source or heat radiation source.
- the wall structure with wallpaper can be implemented at low cost and with little effort. Note that when the wallpaper is made of a resin sheet, the resin sheet material may contain stone powder.
- This example shows a cooling dehumidifying surface containing far-infrared emitting material, a wallpaper containing a material composed of the same molecules as the molecules constituting the far-infrared emitting material contained in the cooling dehumidifying surface, and the back side of this wall surface.
- This is an example of an indoor environment adjustment system including a far-infrared reflecting surface (metal sheet) and a heat insulating material disposed on the back side of the reflecting surface.
- the content of the substance in the wallpaper is preferably 1% by weight or more and 20% by weight or less.
- the far-infrared emitting material can be other natural stones (for example, basalt) or ceramic materials (for example, silicon carbide, silicon nitride). Element, glass, etc.).
- the building material processed into the panel shape may contain an aggregate or an additive material as a component other than the far-infrared emitting material.
- the far infrared ray emitting material is exposed to the indoor space as much as possible. Even if the far-infrared emitting material is not directly exposed to the indoor space, it may be covered with a protective layer (for example, coating layer, varnish layer, wallpaper, etc.) of about 1 mm or less. , Big
- Far infrared radiation materials may be used in combination.
- the mixing ratio of the far-infrared radiation material contained in at least one surface selected from the floor surface, the wall surface and the ceiling surface and the surface layer of the fin is the same.
- general glass used for windows and doors is also a good far-infrared emitting material, and can be used as the far-infrared emitting material of the present invention.
- a sliding door fitted with a glass plate instead of the shoji 3 is used, and the powder of the glass plate fitted into the sliding door is combined with the fin of the cooling / heating device 110. Ting.
- the walls and ceiling of Living 1, Japanese-style room 2, and Corridor 5 are made of plaster containing crushed glass fitted in the sliding door. It should be noted that the content of the glass powder in the plaster is the same as that described in connection with FIGS. According to this configuration, the cooling effect or the heating effect in the living room 1 extends to the Japanese-style room 2 by the movement of the thermal energy through the sliding door fitted with the glass plate arranged instead of the shoji 3.
- Fin 1 1 5, 1 1 6 or the simple surface described above as an alternative to fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 can be combined with (and including) far infrared radiation material.
- You may comprise.
- An example of such a monolith is a ceramic ceramic baked product.
- the water droplets attached to the fins 1 1 5 and 1 1 6 may be collected and collected in a drain tank or the like without being discharged outside the room.
- the surface of the fin and the wall of the plaster may be polished to expose the pulverized material of the far-red radiation material so that the heat radiation can be exchanged more efficiently. 0 1 7 1
- the present invention can be used in a classroom, an office, a sports facility, a library, a store, or any other room where people are active and live. It is.
- the above embodiment is merely an example, and it is needless to say that various building material methods can be appropriately selected according to the property and the construction site. ⁇
- the case where the stone powder included in the inner surface of the room is one type has been described.
- the first surface of the wall surface includes the first type of stone powder
- the second surface of the wall surface includes the first type.
- a configuration containing two types of stone powder is also possible.
- the mixture of the first type of stone powder and the second type of stone powder may be coated on the fins 1 15 and 1 16 of the cold heat radiator 110.
- water is used as a medium, but a medium other than water can also be used.
- a known refrigerant such as ammonia can be used as the medium.
- Oil or steam can be used as a medium for heating only.
- the above-described embodiment includes a room containing a far-infrared emitting material on at least a part of an inner surface thereof, a substance that is disposed in the room and is made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting material, and is cooled
- a cooling / dehumidifying surface that performs dehumidification by dew condensation, and another room adjacent to the room, and at least a part of the inner surface of the other room constitutes the far-infrared radiation material.
- It can also be understood as an indoor environment adjustment system that includes a substance composed of the same molecule as the target molecule.
- This structure In the composition of PT / JP2009 / 058433, there are a first part that can be seen from the cooling and dehumidifying surface and a second part that cannot be seen from the inner surface of another room, and the first part and the second part include It can also be understood as an indoor environment adjustment system that includes a substance made of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance, and in which the first part and the second part are mutually visible.
- stone walls may already be used on walls and floors in public facilities and hotel lobbies.
- An example in which the present invention is applied to such an existing facility will be described.
- a fin coated with a crushed material of the stone (the stone used for the wall or floor) is applied to the existing indoor space. It is only necessary to arrange the cold heat radiation device 1 1 0 (see Fig. 1 3 A, 1 3 B and Fig. 1 4).
- 0 1 7 7 For example, if you prepare nightclothes that use this type of garment structure, the structure similar to that of riving 1 and Japanese room 2 in Figure 12 can be used in the bedroom, even at high temperatures. It is cool and can sleep in a warm environment at low temperatures.
- the same effect can be obtained by including the same material as the far-infrared emitting material in pillows, futons, and the like. The same can be said for sofas, cushions, and laps.
- the ratio of the far-infrared emitting material is the same as that for the wall surface.
- This application example consists of a first room containing far-infrared emitting material on at least a part of its inner surface, and the same molecule as the molecules constituting the far-infrared emitting material disposed in the first room.
- Thermal radiation from a person wearing a garment containing a substance comprising the above is absorbed by the substance contained in the garment, and the thermal radiation from the substance contained in the garment is absorbed by the inner surface and the cooling and dehumidifying surface.
- the room in the present invention is not limited to a room used by human beings in daily life, but a room for storing articles (for example, a warehouse room) or a display space (for example, a showcase) It may be. Some foods must avoid high temperatures, but some are not desirable when exposed to cold. Also, avoid high temperatures On the other hand, some cooling is not desirable.
- a room or space to which the system of the present invention is applied can be used for storage and display of such items.
- a cooling system (or heating system) using the present invention can be introduced into a room where animals are raised.
- a cooling system using the present invention into a room where livestock are raised, the burden on livestock during the high temperature season can be reduced.
- the room in the present invention is not limited to a room in a building such as a house or a building, and may be a room provided in a moving body.
- mobile objects include cars, buses, rail vehicles, ships, and aircraft. Since the cooling function using the present invention operates with low power consumption compared to the cooling of an air conditioner, it is suitable for application to cooling a car having a limited power supply capacity. It is particularly suitable for use in small cars and electric cars.
- the present invention can be used as a secondary (or indirect) cold heat source by transferring heat energy through indirect heat radiation even in places where the cold heat source cannot be seen.
- the cooling effect can be effectively exhibited even in a room having a structure in which the view of the room is hindered by the backrest of the seat, such as a passenger car. If the present invention is applied to the interior of a passenger car, a surface such as the inside of the door may be used as the interior wall.
- the far-infrared emitting material may be included in the exposed surface of the sheet so that the area including the far-infrared emitting material is as large as possible.
- the present invention can also be applied to offices.
- partitions also called partitions, partitions, partitions
- secondary cold radiation similar to that of walls, etc. It can be used as a source (or secondary heat radiation source).
- a surface material covering the surface of the partition for example, a surface material constituted by a woven fabric
- a binder containing powder of far-infrared radiation material may be impregnated with a binder containing powder of far-infrared radiation material. .
- the fin 1 1 5 of the cold radiating device 1 1 0 (see Fig. 1 3 A, 1 3 B), the wall portion of the reference numerals [1] to [9], and human thermal radiation Table 3 shows the results of measuring the amount with a thermal radiometer.
- ER-1PS manufactured wavelength range: 7 to 20 im
- the distance to the part to be measured was 1 m.
- the measurement for the fin 1 1 5 was performed on the central portion of the portion where the fin 1 1 5 was arranged. Measurements were taken at night to avoid the effects of sunlight.
- the fin temperature was set to the set temperature of the controller attached to the cold / hot water generator 1 1 1.
- the target person In the measurement of the human body, the target person is an adult male (weight 64 kg), and the clothes are cotton T-shirts on the top and cotton shorts on the bottom. Each measurement was performed after 1 hour had passed since the temperature was set.
- the shoji 3 in Fig. 12 was closed, the glass door 4 was opened, and the toilet 6 door was closed.
- the outside temperature was about 28.
- the area ratio of the total fin area to Living 1 (wall + ceiling) was about 1:20.
- the floor was a normal flooring.
- the measured value of the thermal radiation meter is displayed on the display attached to the thermal radiation meter.
- This is raw data that has not been calibrated according to emissivity.
- the value is arbitrary, and its absolute value does not directly indicate the value of thermal radiation energy.
- the display of the thermal radiation meter shown in Table 3 is called the thermal radiation amount in the following.
- the amount of heat radiation in Table 3 is within the range that can be measured by the heat radiation meter (several tens of centimeters under this condition), so it can be regarded as corresponding to the amount of heat radiation per unit area. .
- fin temperatures of 9 ° C and 11 ° C correspond to the cooling operation
- fin temperature of 20 ° C corresponds to the case where the cooling is considerably weakened
- 25 ° C corresponds to the case where the operation of the cold heat radiator 110 is turned to FF in summer.
- the cold heat radiator 1 110 is in an OFF state.
- the amount of human heat radiation is greater than that of fin walls. Due to this difference in value, heat radiation is relatively generated from the human body to the fin wall, and the energy of the heat radiation radiated from the human body is absorbed by the fin and the wall surface.
- Figure 19 shows a part of the data in Table 3 summarized in a graph.
- the transition of plot point 0 in Fig. 19 shows the phenomenon that the amount of heat radiation from the wall 13 in the living room 1 decreases as the fin temperature is lowered. In other words, by reducing the fin temperature, more heat radiation energy is absorbed from the wall 1 3 to the thermal radiation device 1 1 0, and the temperature of the wall 1 3 decreases accordingly. This shows a phenomenon in which the amount of far-infrared rays emitted from the wall 13 decreases.
- Table 3 shows measured values of thermal radiation from a person standing in the center of the living room.
- Table 3 shows measured values of thermal radiation from a person standing in the center of the living room.
- the amount of heat radiation from humans is also reduced by a small amount. This is because the amount of heat radiation from the human body that is absorbed from the surroundings increases in proportion to the decrease in the temperature of the fin, so the amount of heat that the human body has decreases, which appears as a decrease in the amount of heat radiation from the human body. It can be understood that this is a phenomenon.
- the fin temperature was 9 ° C or 11 ° C, it was too cool (that is, it was cold), and at the fin temperature 20 ° C, the cooling effect was slightly weak. Although it depends on the outside air temperature and the outdoor humidity, in this embodiment, a fin air temperature of about 15 to 17 ° C. is a comfortable cooling environment.
- the surface on the riving side of shoji 3 shows the amount of thermal radiation with respect to the temperature drop of the fin.
- the value is large compared to wall 1 3. In other words, the cooling level following the fin temperature is lower than that of the wall 13.
- plot point 0 and plot point ⁇ show a significant advantage using the phenomenon that heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with high efficiency. It can be said that.
- the degree of increase in the difference in thermal radiation between the wall 13 and a human is the degree of increase in the difference in thermal radiation between a fin and a human (the above numerical value 70). ) Is about 14%.
- the area ratio between the total fin area and the (wall surface + ceiling surface) area in Ribbing 1 is approximately 1:20, and the total amount of heat radiation energy is the amount of heat radiation.
- the wall surface and ceiling surface of Libbing 1 function in the same way, the wall and ceiling as a whole are at least as large as the cold heat radiator 1 1 0. It is estimated that the cold radiation action of this works.
- the walls and ceiling are positioned so as to surround the human, the thermal radiation energy radiated by the human is effectively absorbed without leakage. From the above, it can be concluded that the contribution to the cooling effect of walls and ceilings mixed with stone powder is equivalent to or higher than that of the cold heat radiation device 110, which is effective.
- Figure 19 shows a phenomenon in which the amount of heat radiation at the wall [5] of the Japanese-style room 2 partitioned by the shoji 3 decreases as the fin temperature decreases.
- the degree of decrease in the amount of thermal radiation at the wall [5] of this Japanese-style room 2 shown in Fig. 1 2 is small compared to Living 1, but from Fig. 1 9 it is shown that the cooling using the thermal radiation of the present invention You can see the effect that the effect extends from Living 1 to Japanese-style Room 2 through the closed shoji 3. In fact, even in Japanese-style room 2, you can feel the cooling effect, although not as much as in living-room 1.
- Figure 19 is consistent with this experience. If the shoji 3 is opened, the heat transfer effect of the thermal radiation energy between the same molecular species works, so the cooling effect in the Japanese room 2 can be further improved. Is expected.
- Fig. 19 shows data showing a decrease in the amount of heat radiation in the part of the wall [8] that cannot be seen from the fin of the cold heat radiation device 110. This data is thought to be due to the mechanism described in relation to Figure 18 working. In fact, even in the vicinity of 5 'in corridor 5 (see Fig. 18), the cooling effect can be experienced even though it is not as high as rib 1. The data in Figure 19 is consistent with this experience.
- Fig. 1 the amount of heat radiation from the wall [9] of Toyre 6 does not show a significant change even when the temperature of the fin is lowered. This is because the door of Toyre 6 is closed, with plywood (the thickness of one plywood is expected to be about 5 mm, the internal structure is unknown) on both sides, and the exposed surface is painted. This is probably because the effect of heat radiation did not reach the inside of the toilet 6. It is also considered that the wall surface of Toyre 6 was ordinary wallpaper.
- FIG. 20 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of adjusting the living environment using the present invention as a further embodiment of the present invention.
- room 700 is shown.
- the room 700 has a floor surface 7 0 1 of flooring, a plaster wall surface 70 2, and a plaster ceiling surface 70 3.
- the floor surface 70 1 is painted with varnish mixed with stone powder that is less than 1 granite with an emissivity of greater than 0.9 at 25 ° C.
- the stone powder content in this varnish layer is about 3% by weight.
- the plaster on the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3 has a thickness of about 3 mm, and when cured, it contains about 5% by weight of the above stone powder.
- a cooling / heating device 705 having a cooling / dehumidifying surface / heating surface 704 is disposed inside the room 700.
- the cooling and heating device 70 5 has a structure in which a plurality of fins (not shown) having cooling / dehumidifying and heating surfaces 70 4 on the surface are arranged in parallel.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 is composed of a coating layer coated with the above stone powder formed on the surface of the fin.
- the fin is made of aluminum and has a structure in which cold water or hot water can flow.
- the fins may be made of other metal or alloy materials with good thermal conductivity, such as iron, copper, and alloys thereof.
- the above-mentioned coating layer is constituted by a layer (a coating of a paint containing stone powder) in which the paint mixed with the above stone powder is applied to the surface of the fin and the paint is cured.
- the content of stone powder in the coating film in the dry state is 15% by weight.
- the stone powder content in this coating layer is 1% by weight or more.
- a cold / hot water generator 700 as an outdoor unit is arranged.
- the cold / hot water generator 700 has a known heat pump function, and supplies cold water or hot water to the cooling / heating device 70.
- the cold water supplied to the cooling and heating device 70 5 performs heat exchange there to absorb the heat of the fin, and cools the fin at this time.
- Cold water whose temperature has increased due to heat exchange (or water that has risen in temperature but is no longer cold water) is returned to the cold / hot water generator 7 0 6, cooled again, and supplied to the cooling / heating device 7 0 5 again.
- hot water is supplied from the cold / hot water generator 7 06 to the cooling / heating device 7 0 5.
- a bowl 71 1 1 is arranged to collect condensed water droplets.
- the water droplets collected in ⁇ 7 1 1 are discharged outdoors.
- FIG. 20 shows a person 70 8 wearing a garment 7 0 7 lying on his / her head on the pillow 7 0 9.
- Garment 7 07 is made of cotton fabric mixed with polyester fibers. This polyester fiber is spun from a raw material mixed with the above stone powder. The content of stone powder is 3% by weight with respect to the entire clothing. The surface of the pillow 7 0 9 is covered with the same fabric that forms the garment 7 0 7.
- FIGS. 21A and 21B are conceptual diagrams for explaining the cooling effect in the present embodiment.
- Cold / hot water generator 7 0 6 generates cold water, Is supplied to the cooling and heating device 7 0 5, the cooling and dehumidifying surface and heating surface 70 4 are cooled.
- the cooling and dehumidifying and heating surface 70 4 is relatively cooler than the floor surface 70 1, the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3.
- Stefan 'Boltzmann's law heat radiation is generated from the floor surface 701, the wall surface 702, and the ceiling surface 703 to the cooling and dehumidifying surface and heating surface 704. This is conceptually illustrated in Figure 21A.
- This thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency by the principle that energy exchange between the same molecular species via thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency.
- the temperature of the floor 7 0 1, wall 7 0 2, and ceiling 7 0 3 with respect to clothes 7 0 7 and pillows 7 0 9 containing far-infrared emitting materials of the same molecular species slightly decreased, and clothes 7 0 7 and the far infrared rays radiated from the pillow 7 0 9 are absorbed by the floor surface 70 1, the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3.
- heat exchange is performed with high efficiency by the principle that energy exchange between the same molecular species via thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency.
- the thermal energy of the clothes 70 7 and pillows 7 0 9 in the form of heat radiation passes through the floor 7 0 1, wall 7 0 2, and ceiling 7 0 3 and serves as a cooling and dehumidifying surface. It is absorbed by the heating surface 70 4 and finally discharged to the outside from the cold / hot water generator 7 06.
- humans are constantly generating heat at around 36.5 ° C, so they constantly radiate heat around them.
- heat radiation from the clothing 70 07 and the pillow 70 09 is finally absorbed by the cooling / dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 through the wall surface 70 2, etc.
- the amount of heat radiation from the clothing 7 07 and the pillow 70 9 decreases (ie, its temperature decreases), and the difference from the amount of heat radiation from the human 70 8 increases.
- the amount of heat radiation from the clothes 70 7 and the pillow 70 9 to the human 70 8 is reduced as compared with the case where the cooling / dehumidifying and heating surface 70 4 is not cooled.
- the heat of human 7 0 8 tends to be absorbed by clothes 7 0 7 and pillows 7 0 9 in the form of heat radiation.
- the amount of heat lost by the human 70 9 increases, and an environment where the human 70 feels cool is realized.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface 70 4 is cooled, so that the heat energy exchange between the same molecules through thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency.
- 0 Thermal radiation from 3 is cold It is absorbed by the moisture-removing surface 70 4, and heat radiation from the clothes 70 07 and the pillow 70 09 is absorbed by the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3.
- the amount of heat radiation of the clothing 7 07 and the pillow 7 09 is reduced, and a state in which heat radiation from the human 70 8 is easily absorbed is realized.
- the heat radiation from the human 7 0 8 is absorbed by the clothing 7 0 7 and the pillow 7 0 9, so the amount of heat lost by the human 7 0 8 increases, and an environment where the human 7 0 8 feels cool is realized. Is done.
- This principle does not apply cool air to the skin, so it does not create an uncomfortable environment caused by cool air, which is a problem in normal air-conditioner cooling. Therefore, there is no cold caused by cold air and no damage to the respiratory system by cold air. In addition, since dehumidification is performed at the same time, a refreshing environment due to a decrease in humidity can be obtained.
- the air is cooled by the refrigerant and the human body is not cooled by the cooled air, and the heat energy radiated from the human body is absorbed by the cooled cooling / dehumidifying surface as well as the heating surface. Use efficiency is high. In other words, the cooling effect can be obtained with less energy consumption.
- FIGS. 22A and 22B are conceptual diagrams for explaining the heating effect in the present embodiment.
- the cooling / dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 is heated.
- the cooling / dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 is relatively higher in temperature than the floor surface 701, the wall surface 702, and the ceiling surface 703.
- heat radiation from the cooling and dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 occurs on the floor surface 70 1, the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3. This is illustrated conceptually in Figure 2 2 A.
- This thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency based on the principle that energy exchange between the same molecular species via thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency.
- the floor surface 7 0 1, wall surface 70 2 and ceiling surface 70 3 to which heat energy is given by heat radiation from the cooling and dehumidifying surface and heating surface 70 4 obtain thermal energy, so the temperature is slightly lower. To rise. As a result, the temperature of the floor surface 701, the wall surface 702, and the ceiling surface 703 with respect to the clothing 7 0 7 and the pillow 7 0 9 containing the far-infrared emitting material of the same molecular species slightly increased, and the clothing The amount of heat radiation from the floor surface 70 1 and the wall surface 70 2 and the ceiling surface 70 3 is larger than the amount of heat radiation from the 7 0 7 and the pillow 7 0 9.
- the surface temperature of clothing 7 0 7 and pillow 7 0 9 is generated by heat radiation from floor surface 7 0 1, wall surface 70 2 and ceiling surface 7 0 3 for clothing 7 0 7 and pillow 7 0 9 rises slightly, and the amount of heat radiation from the clothing 7 07 and the pillow ⁇ 09 increases compared to the case where the cooling / dehumidifying and heating surface 70 4 is not heated. As a result, the amount of heat radiation that escapes from human 7 0 8 to clothing 7 0 7 and pillow 7 0 9 is relatively lowered, the amount of heat taken away from human 7 0 8 to the surroundings is reduced, and cold that human 7 0 8 feels Heating effect can be obtained.
- Cloth containing far-infrared emitting material can also be applied to rugs and futons.
- the cloth containing the far-infrared emitting material can also be used for furniture such as a sofa. By doing in this way, it is possible to obtain a rug, a futon, a sofa, etc. that perform the same functions as the above-described clothing 7 07 and pillow 7 09.
- the floor surface may be a floor heating structure, and the floor surface may be heated.
- the cooling / dehumidifying surface / heating surface 70 4 may not be heated (of course, it may be heated).
- the heat from the floor surface is transferred to the cloth via the wall surface and ceiling surface, and a heating effect is obtained.
- a configuration in which cooling and heating can be selected is illustrated, but a configuration of only cooling or only heating may be employed.
- a heating device having a heating surface exposed to the indoor space which is made of a material containing 3% by weight or more of a material having an emissivity of far infrared rays of 0.8 or more;
- a cooling and dehumidifying device comprising a material including 3% by weight or more of a material having an emissivity of 0.8 or more of the far infrared ray, and having a cooling and dehumidifying surface exposed to the indoor space;
- the indoor environment adjustment system wherein the floor surface and the wall surface, or the floor surface and the ceiling surface include 3% by weight or more of a material having an emissivity of the far infrared ray of 0.8 or more.
- the material having an emissivity of far infrared rays of 0.8 or more is a natural stone material
- the floor surface is constituted by a stone floor board panel obtained by processing the natural stone material,
- the indoor environment adjustment system according to (1) or (2) above which contains pulverized material of 8 or more materials.
- the floor surface and the wall surface or the floor surface and the ceiling surface have a total heat capacity that is at least twice the heat capacity of the indoor air volume
- the cooling dehumidifying surface is With metal material to be cooled,
- the indoor environment adjustment system according to any one of (1) to (4) above.
- an inner surface constituent member including a first material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more for absorbing far-infrared rays generated in the room;
- a cooling and dehumidifying surface that includes the first material and absorbs far-infrared rays emitted by the first material when cooled;
- a cooling and dehumidifying device for cooling the cooling and dehumidifying surface
- a cooling dehumidifying surface that is disposed in the first room and includes a substance made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance, and is dehumidified by condensation by being cooled;
- Water droplet collecting means for collecting water droplets which are condensed on the cooling and dehumidifying surface
- a heating surface that is disposed in the first chamber and includes a substance made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance;
- the wall surface of the first room is a painted wall containing 1% by weight or more of powdered material of the same material as the far-infrared emitting material, (7) or
- the first room and / or the second room is provided with storage via an opening / closing means
- the inner surface of the first or second chamber of the opening / closing means includes a substance made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance.
- Environmental adjustment system In the closed state, the inner surface of the first or second chamber of the opening / closing means includes a substance made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance.
- cooling and dehumidifying surface is configured by a coating layer including the far-infrared ray emitting material formed on a metal surface.
- the heating surface is constituted by a coating layer containing the far-infrared radiation material formed on a metal surface.
- a method for adjusting a living environment wherein the amount of heat radiation from a cloth containing a substance comprising the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance is reduced.
- Including a substance composed of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance, disposed in the room, heating a heatable heating surface, and from the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance A method of adjusting the living environment that increases the amount of heat radiation from the cloth containing the material.
- the system of (1) is composed of an indoor space provided with a floor surface, a wall surface, and a ceiling surface, and a material containing 3% by weight or more of a material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more, and the indoor space
- a heating device having a heating surface exposed to the surface, and a material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more of 3% by weight or less.
- a cooling and dehumidifying device that includes a cooling and dehumidifying surface that is exposed to the indoor space, and the floor surface and the wall surface, or the floor surface and the ceiling surface have an emissivity of the far infrared rays. Is characterized by containing 3% by weight or more of a material having 0.8 or more.
- the far-infrared ray contained in the material has a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more (hereinafter referred to as far-infrared ray emitting material).
- Thermal radiation is generated in the form of radiation.
- the heating surface is exposed to the indoor space, (b) infrared radiation and absorption are exchanged between the same materials, and (c) floor and ceiling, or floor and wall,
- the far-infrared radiation material is contained in the combination part where the electromagnetic waves radiated into the room always come into contact, so the thermal energy radiated from the heating surface is effectively absorbed by the floor or ceiling, or the floor or wall.
- far-infrared emitting materials that have absorbed the radiant heat from the heating surface radiate the absorbed heat as far-infrared rays and emit secondary radiation.
- the room is filled with heat radiation from various directions.
- radiant heat is radiated from various directions in the room, and indoor people receive the radiant heat and feel warmth.
- this radiant heat is absorbed by far-infrared absorbing components (mainly moisture and carbon dioxide) in the indoor air, and the indoor temperature rises.
- the heat energy required to heat the heating surface is radiated into the room as radiant heat from the heating surface.
- This radiant heat is absorbed by the same material component (far-infrared radiation material) as that contained in the heated surface of the floor, wall or ceiling.
- the radiation and absorption of thermal energy at this time are the same. This is an energy exchange using the resonance phenomenon of intermolecular vibrational energy via far infrared rays. For this reason, the radiation and absorption of thermal energy is highly efficient and is performed with low loss.
- the floor, wall, or ceiling that receives the radiant heat radiates it secondarily into the room, which heats the far-infrared-absorbing component in the human body or indoor air in the room by radiant heat.
- far-infrared rays that have not been absorbed by the far-infrared absorbing component in the human body or air repeat the cycle of far-infrared radiation between the same molecule — absorption ⁇ re-radiation, so that the heat energy supplied from the heating surface is wasted. It can be used to heat far-infrared absorbing components in the human body and air (in other words, it can be used up). In addition, the far-infrared absorbing components in the air of the entire room are evenly warmed, and unnecessary heating can be avoided. For these reasons, energy-saving heating can be realized.
- the word “heating” means “the person in the room feels the warmth” Used to mean “action”.
- the term “cooling” is used to mean “an action that makes people in the room feel cool”.
- a dehumidifying function using the cooling and dehumidifying surface works. Since the cooling and dehumidifying surface is cooled, the water vapor in the room can be condensed on the surface by appropriately selecting the surface temperature. By using a structure in which the condensed water droplets are dropped and collected, the room can be dehumidified. Since moisture in the air is a far-infrared absorbing material, it works to enhance the far-infrared absorbing function of the wall surface using the radiation described above, and the obstruction of the far-infrared absorbing action from the human body to the wall surface. Become .
- the efficiency of the cooling effect using the radiation described above can be increased by dehumidifying the room and removing moisture in the room air. Also, dehumidification reduces the discomfort index, which can also increase the cooling effect.
- the cooling function of the indoor environment adjustment system of the present invention is a method of absorbing radiant heat from the cooling and dehumidifying surface, the forced cooling effect of lowering the room temperature by 5 ° C or more like a normal convection type cooling device is not effective. Absent.
- the thermal energy transfer due to radiation between the same molecules is used to absorb the indoor thermal energy to the cooling and dehumidifying surface, so the thermal energy transfer efficiency is high, and the room is effectively This heat energy can be absorbed by the cooling and dehumidifying surface.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface can be directly cooled by a cooling device, and high cooling efficiency can be obtained. For this reason, the energy use efficiency required for cooling the cooling and dehumidifying surface can be increased.
- the difference in temperature distribution in the indoor vertical direction can be reduced.
- the amount of heat supplied to the human body using the far-infrared radiation generated by the members constituting the inner surface of the part star, or the inner surface of the room that easily absorbs radiant heat is configured. Heat from the human body to the parts To absorb. For this reason, energy loss is small and energy use efficiency is high compared to the convection type. In the case of the convection type, it is necessary to heat or cool the air, and it is necessary to go through a two-stage heat exchange in which the human body is heated or cooled. In contrast, in the present invention, the far-infrared absorbing component in the air is heated or cooled, but since direct heat exchange with the human body using radiation is performed, loss during heat exchange is reduced. it can. In addition, since the floor and wall surfaces are used as a heat source or a cold source, the entire room can be affected by radiation. For this reason, the uniformity of the effect is high, and the efficiency of energy use during heating or cooling can be increased.
- the far-infrared emitting material in the system (1) is preferably a material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more.
- a material having an emissivity of far infrared rays of 0.8 or more may be selected from natural stone materials and various ceramic materials.
- the emissivity is more preferably higher. Specifically, a higher effect is obtained when the emissivity is 0.9 or more.
- the emissivity of a material is the far-infrared radiant energy of an ideal black body under the same conditions.
- W is the far-infrared radiation energy of the material.
- Far-infrared has a wavelength of 3! ! It refers to an electromagnetic wave of ⁇ 1 0 0 0 m.
- the present invention uses a phenomenon in which radiant heat is exchanged between the same material with high efficiency, if the emissivity of the far-infrared emitting material falls below the above value, the radiation and absorption of far-infrared radiation Loss at the time of heating increases, and the efficiency of using input energy during heating and cooling decreases.
- the emissivity is low, radiation absorption
- the heat exchange capacity (heat exchange capacity) used is small, and the heat exchange mainly depends on convection. In this case, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- a material having a small heat capacity such as wood is also not preferable as a far-infrared emitting material in the present invention because the heat exchange capacity is small.
- the content of the far-infrared emitting material on the floor, wall and ceiling is preferably 3% by weight or more. According to experimental data, it has been found that when this content is 3% by weight or more, a remarkable effect of heat exchange using the radiation phenomenon described above can be obtained. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 20% by weight, a saturation tendency of heat exchange efficiency is observed. Therefore, the upper limit of the content of the far-infrared emitting material is about 20 to 30% by weight.
- far-infrared emitting materials may be included at a higher rate. Also, the far-infrared material itself may constitute the floor, wall or ceiling. In the system (1) above, far-infrared radiation may be included in the walls and ceiling. From the viewpoint of securing heat exchange capacity by radiation / absorption, it is preferable to further increase the content of the far-infrared radiation material at the part that functions as the heating surface and cooling dehumidification surface.
- the system of (2) above uses natural stone as a material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more, and the floor is composed of a stone floor panel processed from this natural stone, and the floor is described above. This corresponds to the system (1) used as a heating surface.
- the floor surface can be made to function as a heat storage layer with a large heat capacity by configuring the floor surface with a stone panel having excellent far-infrared radiation characteristics.
- the cooling effect can be obtained more effectively.
- the floor heating effect can be obtained during heating. 0 2 5 7
- the system (3) corresponds to the system (1) or (2) described above, wherein the wall surface or ceiling surface includes a pulverized material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more.
- a pulverized material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more For example, when using stone materials with a high far-infrared emissivity, it may be difficult in terms of material costs and construction costs to make the stone materials themselves wall surfaces and ceiling surfaces. In such cases, existing wall surfaces (for example, plaster walls) and building materials (for example, gypsum board) are mixed with the stone material that has been pulverized and sanded to give the building materials a function as a far-infrared emitting material. In this way, the present invention can be realized using conventional housing structures and construction methods. In addition, by grinding, the surface area of the far-infrared emitting material is increased and the emissivity of far-infrared rays is increased.
- the room environment can be quickly adjusted for heating and cooling.
- a system can be obtained.
- the floor surface is made of stone itself, the heat capacity is relatively large.
- the wall surface and the ceiling surface are building materials that include crushed stones that make up the floor surface, so the heat capacity is relatively small compared to the floor surface. Therefore, the influence of the temperature change of the floor surface via radiation tends to affect the wall surface and the ceiling surface.
- the upper limit of the content of stone pulverized material on the wall surface or ceiling surface is also 20 to 30. It should be about% by weight Is desirable
- the total heat capacity of the floor surface and the wall surface or the floor surface and the ceiling surface is at least twice the heat capacity of the indoor air volume.
- the heat capacity of the indoor air volume a value measured under conditions of an air temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50% is used.
- the far-infrared radiation material from the far-infrared radiation material is heated by the inclusion of the far-infrared radiation material in the inner surface member constituting the room, or the infrared radiation material Cooling is performed by absorption of far infrared rays. At this time, whether far-infrared radiation is emitted or far-infrared absorption is performed depends on the degree of deviation from the thermal equilibrium state, in other words, the direction of the thermal gradient.
- the direction of this thermal gradient is the direction from a relatively hot object to a relatively cool object when object A and object B are present. From the principle of thermodynamics, if both temperatures are the same, no heat transfer occurs. Also, when heat is applied from object A to object B and object B is heated, if the heat capacities of both are the same, thermal equilibrium is quickly reached and heat transfer is eliminated (that is, the effect of heating is eliminated). Therefore, it is important that the heat capacity of object A is larger than the heat capacity of object B. The same can be said for the case where object A is cooled by absorbing heat.
- the heat capacity of the floor surface and wall surface corresponding to the object A in the discussion above or the floor surface and ceiling surface is determined by the heat capacity of the room air corresponding to the object B in the discussion above. It should be at least twice the heat capacity. By doing so, it is possible to effectively heat or cool the far infrared ray absorbing component in the indoor air.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface includes a metal material to be cooled, and a coating layer including a material having a far-infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more that covers the surface of the metal material. It corresponds to any one of 1) to (4).
- the invention disclosed herein is based on the basic physics principle that heat exchange via far infrared rays is most efficiently performed between the same molecules (between the same materials). Therefore, the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface that absorbs heat radiation in the room is also low in the efficiency of absorbing radiant heat when the metal material prioritizes normal heat conduction (the metal surface is a good far-infrared reflecting surface). The principle of the present invention does not function effectively.
- the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface is covered with the far-infrared emitting material contained in the floor surface and the wall surface or the floor surface and the ceiling surface.
- the amount of heat can be transferred with high efficiency through radiation between the wall and the wall surface, or between the cooling dehumidifying surface and the floor and ceiling surfaces.
- the base of the cooling and dehumidifying surface is made of a metal material having good heat conductivity (for example, aluminum or copper), the surface of the cooling and dehumidifying surface can be effectively cooled. If the content of the far-infrared emitting material in the coating layer is small, the function of absorbing the radiant heat of the coating layer is lowered. Therefore, the content of the far-infrared emitting material in the coating layer is 3% by weight. Above, preferably 10% by weight or more.
- the system (6) above is a far-field system that absorbs far-infrared rays generated indoors.
- An indoor inner surface component member including a first material having an infrared emissivity of 0.8 or more, and the first material includes the first material, and absorbs far-infrared radiation radiated by the first material when cooled.
- a cooling / dehumidifying surface and a cooling / dehumidifying device for cooling the cooling / dehumidifying surface are provided.
- the inner surface constituting member is at least a part of the members constituting the floor, wall and ceiling.
- the cooling dehumidification surface is cooled to intentionally form a thermal gradient from the inner surface component to the cooling dehumidification surface. This reduces the amount of heat that the inner surface component has, and forms a thermal gradient from people in the room and indoor air to the inner surface member. By doing so, the heat radiation from the far-infrared absorbing component in the room or in the air in the room is positively absorbed by the inner structural member, and the cooling effect is obtained.
- the human body is cooled by using radiation, so the energy use efficiency is increased compared to the convection type cooling system that creates cold air and supplies it to the room. Can do.
- the occurrence of discomfort and adverse health effects caused by the cold hitting the skin can be suppressed.
- the air-conditioning system that applies cold air to the skin (that is, the conventional convection type) requires two stages of heat exchange that creates cold air and applies it to humans to take heat away from humans. (Conversion loss) is large. For this reason, the air must be cooled excessively in anticipation of conversion loss, and the room temperature tends to be excessively lowered. This causes the so-called cooling disease. 0 2 6 8
- the system of the present invention utilizes the phenomenon of far-infrared radiation and absorption in building materials (members constituting floors, walls, and ceilings) constituting a room. Therefore, if the usage ratio of building materials that exhibit this phenomenon is low, the effect will also decrease. Therefore, the proportion of the area including the far-infrared emitting material in the total area of the floor surface and the wall surface or the floor surface and the ceiling surface is 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more. . By doing so, it is possible to effectively obtain a heating function and a cooling function using radiation.
- the system of (7) includes a first room containing a far-infrared emitting substance on at least a part of an inner surface thereof, and a substance made of the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance disposed in this room. And a cooling dehumidifying surface that performs dehumidification by dew condensation by being cooled, and a water droplet collecting means that collects and collects water droplets that dew condensation on the cooling dehumidifying surface.
- the system of (8) includes a first chamber containing at least part of a far-infrared emitting substance on the inner surface, and a substance comprising the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance disposed in this room. And a heating surface to be heated.
- a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance means a substance of the same molecular species as the far-infrared emitting substance (a substance having the same composition and the same molecular structure).
- the proportion of the portion containing the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the room is preferably 25% or more. % Or more is preferable, and further 60% or more is preferable. This is because the area inside the room is used to absorb heat radiation from the human body or supply heat radiation to the human body, so that the larger the proportion of the area that contributes to heat exchange, the more the cooling effect or This is because the heating effect is increased.
- the inner surface of the room is the inner surface of the room, which includes floors, walls, ceilings, doors between hallways and other rooms, storage doors, windows and other openings. It is.
- the wall surface is the most effective as a part that contains the same far-infrared emitting material as that contained in the surface that functions as a cooling / dehumidifying surface or heating surface. This is because, in general residential rooms, the area of the wall surface occupies the largest area of the surface that constitutes the room, and the radiation from the human body is effectively received regardless of the posture of the human body. Because there is. If the cost permits, it is most effective if far infrared radiation is included in at least two of the floor, wall, and ceiling, more preferably all.
- the temperature of the far-infrared emitting material contained in the cooling dehumidifying surface is relatively lowered with respect to the far-infrared emitting material contained in the inner surface (for example, the wall surface) of the room 1.
- Thermal radiation from a relatively hot object to a cold object occurs between objects with a temperature difference.
- the radiant energy transferred at this time is proportional to the difference between the fourth power of temperature and the Stefan-Boltzmann law.
- the molecular vibration is the same, so that the transfer of thermal energy is highly efficient, as in the case of energy exchange using the resonance phenomenon. It is done.
- the temperature of the surface of the wall which is the base material (base material)
- the function of absorbing far-infrared rays from the human body in the portion including the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the first room is enhanced.
- the temperature difference between the part containing the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the first room and the human body is large, and the radiant energy from the human body is proportional to the difference of the fourth power of each temperature. It becomes easy to be absorbed by the inner surface of the room. At this time, the direct absorption of heat radiation from the human body to the cooling and dehumidifying surface also works. 0 2 7 8
- the inner surface of the first room has a large area compared to the area of the cooling and dehumidifying surface, the total amount of heat radiation from the human body to the inner surface of the first room is far-infrared on the inner surface of the first room. It works in the area of the part that contains the material. For this reason, heat radiation from the human body is absorbed in a large area. This heat radiation from the human body is finally absorbed by the cooling and dehumidifying surface and discharged outside the system.
- the phenomenon that the heat radiation from the human body is absorbed by the cooling and dehumidifying surface through the inner surface of the first room is the principle of the cooling effect in the present invention.
- the inside surface of the room is cooled and functions as an indirect (secondary) cooling source, so that it is not only on the cooling and dehumidifying surface but also on the inside surface of the room.
- the principle of the present invention is to actively absorb the heat radiation from the human body.
- the effect that humans feel cool is expressed as the cooling effect.
- the effect of human warmth is expressed as the heating effect.
- the principle of the cooling effect in the first room described above works even if the cooling dehumidifying surface and the inner surface of the room containing far-infrared emitting material are not in the line-of-sight range and there are obstacles between them.
- the cooling dehumidifying surface and the inner surface of the room containing far-infrared emitting material are not in the line-of-sight range and there are obstacles between them.
- the temperature of the far-infrared radiation material contained in the interior of the room decreases, and the cooling effect by absorbing far-infrared radiation from the human body is exhibited.
- the indirect for example, walls
- the indirect can be transferred indirectly through the transfer of thermal energy via indirect heat radiation. It can function as a cold heat source.
- the cooling dehumidifying surface performs dehumidification by dew condensation, in addition to the cooling effect described above, comfort by dehumidification can be obtained. Since moisture in the air is a good far-infrared absorbing material, removing the moisture in the air can make the above-described cooling effect using heat radiation more effective.
- the base material for the cooling and dehumidifying surface is preferably made of a metal (aluminum, iron, copper, other alloys, etc.) having good thermal conductivity from the viewpoint of cooling efficiency (or heating efficiency). Since the rate is low, the dehumidification effect due to condensation cannot be fully demonstrated even if it is cooled as it is.
- the absorption efficiency of heat radiation from the moisture in the air near the metal surface to the metal surface is reduced. This is because the efficiency of attaching this moisture as water droplets to the surface of the metal due to condensation is low.
- the emissivity of the cooling / dehumidifying surface can be increased and included in the air near the cooling / dehumidifying surface.
- the absorption efficiency of heat radiation from the moisture to the cooling dehumidifying surface can be increased. For this reason, it is possible to increase the efficiency of attaching moisture in the air as water droplets to the cooling and dehumidifying surface due to condensation. That is, the dehumidifying effect can be enhanced.
- the heating effect is the opposite.
- a surface that functions as a cooling and dehumidifying surface is heated, it becomes a heated surface, and the heat of this heated surface is absorbed by the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the first room, and the temperature rises.
- the temperature of the far-infrared radiation material on the inner surface of the first room rises, increasing the amount of far-infrared radiation from there, which is absorbed by the inner surface of the person from the person in the first room.
- the amount of heat radiation is reduced, and the heating effect works.
- the temperature of the inner surface of the room containing the far-infrared emitting material is higher than the body temperature, heat is emitted from that part to the human body, and a higher heating effect can be obtained.
- the content of the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the room containing the far-infrared emitting material is preferably 1% by weight or more, and more preferably 3% by weight or more. Is obtained. This also applies to a cooling / dehumidifying surface or a heating surface containing a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance. When the value of this content is less than 1% by weight, the effect of transferring and receiving thermal radiation with high efficiency is reduced.
- the upper limit of the content is room If it is the inner surface (wall surface etc.), it is about 20 to 30% by weight.
- the cooling dehumidifying surface and the heating surface contain more far-infrared emitting materials as long as they can be contained.
- the area occupied by the cooling and dehumidifying surface can be reduced because highly efficient energy transfer is used. For this reason, construction costs can be reduced, and it is advantageous from the viewpoint of effective use of interior and indoor area. Furthermore, since it is a cooling effect due to the transfer of thermal energy via thermal radiation, compared to cooling with an air conditioner that cools the air and cools the human body by applying this air to the person, heat exchange with a change in energy form Since the number of times is reduced and the exchange loss during heat exchange is reduced, the energy consumption can be reduced.
- the use of the room is not limited, and it may be a corridor, a passageway, a washroom, a toilet, a room inside the entrance, a storage room, a store, a public facility room, a warehouse, an office, a room for raising animals. It may be a warehouse or a storage room for food.
- the room may also be a vehicle passenger compartment or a cargo compartment.
- the far-infrared emitting material can be used as long as the far-infrared emissivity is 0.6 or more, and a material having 0.8 or more is preferable.
- a material having an emissivity of far infrared rays of 0.6 or more may be selected from natural stone materials and various ceramic materials.
- the emissivity is more preferably higher, and specifically, a higher effect is obtained when the emissivity is 0.9 or more.
- the emissivity of the material is the ideal black body far-infrared radiation energy under the same conditions.
- the emissivity value is preferably at room temperature (for example, 25 ° C) close to the actual use temperature. For example, a value near 10 ⁇ m that has a large thermal effect on the human body may be adopted.
- the emissivity of the far-infrared emitting material falls below the above value, the utilization efficiency of the input energy decreases.
- the emissivity is low, so the ability to exchange heat using radiation / absorption (heat exchange capacity) is small, and heat exchange mainly depends on convection. In this case, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained.
- materials with low thermal conductivity such as wood are disadvantageous in terms of cooling efficiency on the cooling and dehumidifying surface or heating efficiency on the heating surface. For example, cooling wood to dehumidify by condensation is inefficient and impractical. Therefore, the far-infrared radiation material used in the present invention is preferably natural stone or a ceramic material.
- the heat exchange capacity is a parameter proportional to (emissivity Z heat capacity) of the material.
- the form of the substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance may be different.
- one may be an integral body and the other may be a powder.
- both are powders, but the particle diameters and particle shapes may be different.
- the compounding quantity to a base material may differ.
- the embodiment (7) and the embodiment (8) may be used by switching in one system or may be used individually.
- the system according to (9) includes a second chamber that is adjacent to the first chamber and includes at least a part of the inner surface of the second chamber containing a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting material. (7) or (8) system It corresponds to.
- the cooling effect using the transfer of thermal radiation between the same far-infrared radiation materials described in the explanation of the system in (7) above also extends to the second room adjacent to the first room. For example, if the first room and the second room are connected via an opening, thermal radiation will be transferred through this opening, and the temperature of the part containing far-infrared radiation in the second room will decrease. Occurs. At this time, even if there is a part containing far-infrared radiation in the second room where the area of the opening connecting the two rooms is small and the cooling and dehumidifying surface in the first room cannot be seen, Due to the movement phenomenon, the temperature difference between the inner surfaces of both rooms is corrected, and the cooling effect in the second room works. This also applies to the heating effect.
- the partition member is not the far infrared reflective material (for example, metal).
- Thermal energy transfer via thermal radiation through the cooling dehumidification surface and the first room inner surface and the partition member, and between the partition member and the second chamber inner surface occur.
- the heat of the portion containing the far-infrared emitting material in the second room is finally absorbed by the cooling / dehumidifying surface through the partition member in the form of heat radiation.
- This activates the cooling effect in the second room.
- this effect since this effect has a loss at the time of transmission / reception of thermal radiation in the partition member, the degree of the effect is low as compared with the case without the partition member. This is also true for the heating effect.
- the bent portion has an inner surface (for example, a wall surface) containing far-infrared radiation material, so that the above-described multi-stage heat radiation can be exchanged. If possible, a cooling effect (or heating effect) can be applied to the bent part.
- the usage status of far-infrared emitting materials in the first room and the second room may or may not be the same.
- the first room contains far-infrared emitting materials on the floor, wall, and ceiling
- the second room contains far-infrared emitting materials on the wall and ceiling. Configuration is also possible.
- the limitation on the content of far-infrared radiation on the inner surface of the second room is the same as in the first room.
- the internal definition is the same as in the first room.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface that requires energy consumption for the cooling effect may be in the first room and not in the second room. Even when the first room and the second room are physically partitioned by the partitioning means, the cooling effect is exhibited as described above. In other words, even if the first room and the second room are partitioned and privacy and independence are ensured, the cooling and dehumidifying surface in the first room is cooled, so that Cooling effect and second The cooling effect in the room can be obtained at the same time.
- the wall of the first room is a painted wall containing 1% by weight or more of the powdered material constituting the far-infrared radiation material. It corresponds to.
- the system of (10) above since the far-infrared radiation pulverized material may be mixed into the painted wall material, the conventional construction method can be adopted for the construction, and the construction cost can be reduced.
- the painted wall is a wall surface that has been conventionally used in ordinary houses, etc., and therefore has a high affinity for people familiar with conventional houses.
- a painted wall is a wall formed by applying the material that makes up the wall onto the base of the wall.
- Specific examples include plastered walls, diatomaceous earth walls, plaster walls, textile walls (Kyoto walls, Juraku walls, etc.) , Sand walls, earth walls, etc.
- the painted wall is not limited to a wall surface, and may be a ceiling surface.
- the blending ratio of the same material as the far-infrared emitting material to the coating wall of the powdered material is 3% by weight or more, a more remarkable effect is obtained.
- the upper limit of the mixing ratio of the pulverized material is about 20 to 30% by weight. More than this The effect will be saturated even if it is increased, and the workability and material of the painted wall will be adversely affected.
- the blending ratio is the value in the dry state after construction.
- the target of blending the same material as the far-infrared radiation material is plaster panels and other interior panels (interior boards) and interior sheet-like building materials such as wallpaper (material is A resin layer), a layer of paint (painted surface), a member that forms a surface exposed in the room, such as a shoji screen or paper, a layer of adhesive for applying wallpaper, a sheet-like member that covers the floor, It may be a decorative sheet, glass, or the like that has been printed with woodgrain or the like.
- the lower limit of the blending ratio of the pulverized material in these materials is the same as in the case of painted walls.
- the upper limit differs depending on the material, but is almost the same as the case of painted walls.
- the shape of the powdered product may be a particle shape or a fiber shape. Further, it may be pulverized into an irregular shape.
- the system of (1 1) includes partition means for partitioning the first room and the second room, and the partition means includes a substance made of the same molecule as that constituting the far infrared radiation substance. This corresponds to the system in (9) above.
- the first chamber and the second chamber via the partitioning means are transferred based on the principle that heat energy transfer between the same molecular species via thermal radiation is performed with high efficiency. The transfer efficiency of thermal radiation energy between rooms is increased. For this reason, even if the first room and the second room are partitioned, the cooling effect or the heating effect in the first room can be effectively applied to the second room.
- partitioning means include various doors, walls, and curtains.
- the content of the substance consisting of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance in the partitioning means is 1% by weight or more as in the case of the wall surface. The above is preferable, and 3% by weight or more is more preferable.
- the first room and the Z or the second room are provided with storage via the opening / closing means, and the indoor side surface of the first or second room of the opening / closing means in the closed state
- the system of (9) above which includes a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance.
- the content of the substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared radiation substance on the surface is preferably 1% by weight or more, as in the case of the wall surface, and is preferably 3% by weight. More preferably.
- Examples of storage doors include sliding doors, open doors such as doors, roll-up structures (single screens), and folding doors.
- the material is not particularly limited.
- a wooden door can be used for storage in a Western-style room, and a shoji screen or a bag can be used for storage in a Japanese-style room.
- the inner surface of the room contains the same material as the far-infrared emitting material contained in the cold heat source (or the heat source), thereby transferring the heat radiation to the inner surface of the room.
- Secondary cooling radiation surface or secondary heat radiation surface Used as an effective cooling or heating effect. According to the system (1 2) above, using the storage door, It is possible to secure a surface where this heat radiation is efficiently transferred.
- the system of (13) above corresponds to the system of (7) above, wherein the cooling and dehumidifying surface is constituted by a coating layer containing a far-infrared emitting material formed on a metal surface.
- the cooling and dehumidifying surface is constituted by a coating layer containing a far-infrared emitting material formed on a metal surface.
- the high cooling efficiency of the metal (the property of being easy to cool) is used, and effective by the transfer of thermal energy between the far-infrared radiation Cold cooling function (function to absorb heat radiation).
- the emissivity of the coating layer can be increased, the ability to absorb heat radiation from moisture in the air can be increased, and the dehumidification efficiency due to condensation can be increased. That is, a high dehumidifying effect can be obtained.
- the system of (14) above corresponds to the system of (8) above, wherein the heating surface is constituted by a coating layer containing a far-infrared emitting material formed on a metal surface. According to the system of (14) above, it is possible to obtain an effective thermal radiation function by utilizing the high heating efficiency (easy to be heated) of the metal and the transfer of thermal energy between far-infrared radiation materials. .
- the content of the far-infrared ray emitting substance in the coating layer in the above (13) and (14) is 1% by weight, preferably 3% by weight or more, more preferably 20% by weight or more.
- materials other than the far-infrared emitting material constituting the coating layer paints, organic binders, inorganic binders, various adhesives and putty, various fillers, and the like can be used.
- the above-mentioned coating layer is obtained by mixing a pulverized product of far-infrared radiation material with paint or an inorganic binder and applying it to a metal surface. Can. At this time, in the cured state,
- the mixing amount may be adjusted so that the coating layer contains 1 wt%, preferably 3 wt% or more, more preferably 20 wt% or more.
- reflection that reflects far-infrared rays such as metal foil on the outside of the layer containing the far-infrared radiation material on the inner surface of the room (opposite the room) It is preferable to arrange the members. Moreover, it is preferable to further arrange a heat insulating material on the outside of the reflecting member.
- a member having a far-infrared reflecting layer such as a metal foil on the outside and a layer containing a far-infrared ray emitting substance on the inside (for example, a roll screen having such a structure) It is preferable to provide a function similar to that of a wall containing a far-infrared emitting material at the opening of the window.
- the method for adjusting the living environment described in (15) to (17) above is a phenomenon in which heat transfer via thermal radiation between the same molecular species is performed with higher efficiency than when not between the same molecular species.
- the far-infrared absorbing member secondary As a typical cold radiation source.
- the far-infrared radiation emitted from the cloth is absorbed by the inner surface of the room and the surface to be cooled, and thereby the amount of heat radiation from the cloth. Creates a reduced state. In this way, the heat radiation from the human body is easily absorbed by the clothing using the cloth. To produce.
- changing the cooling surface to the heating surface creates an environment that reduces the amount of heat lost from the human body in the form of heat radiation.
- the same molecule as the molecule constituting the far-infrared emitting substance is disposed in the room. Cooling and dehumidifying surface that performs dehumidification by dew condensation, including the substance that is cooled, reduces the amount of heat radiation from the cloth that contains the same molecule as the molecule that constitutes the far infrared radiation substance .
- the room in a room containing a far-infrared emitting substance in at least a part of the inner surface, the room is disposed in the room, and includes a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far-infrared emitting substance, and heating is performed.
- a possible heating surface is heated to increase the amount of heat radiation from the cloth containing a substance composed of the same molecule as that constituting the far infrared radiation substance.
- the far-infrared emitting substance refers to a substance having an emissivity at room temperature (25 ° C) of 0.6 or more, preferably 0.8 or more, more preferably 0.9 or more.
- the far-infrared emitting material is preferably ceramic or natural stone.
- the inner surface of the room is composed of painted walls (stucco wall or sand wall), and the far-infrared radiation material pulverized material is mixed in the raw material.
- a method of mixing the pulverized material of infrared radiation material and forming a painted surface with the paint, a method of mixing the pulverized material of far infrared radiation material in the raw material constituting the building material such as gypsum board, wallpaper 2009/058433 includes a method of mixing powdered material of far infrared radiation material.
- the far-infrared radiation material is processed into a panel shape to form the interior of the room.
- the content of the far-infrared emitting material on the inner surface of the room is preferably 1% by weight or more, more preferably 3% by weight or more, and even more preferably 10% by weight or more. This also applies to the cooling and dehumidifying surface and the heating surface.
- the fabric may be a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric.
- the fiber to be used may be a natural fiber or a synthetic fiber, or may be a mixture of natural fiber and synthetic fiber.
- a method of coating the fabric or the fibers that make up the fabric with finely pulverized far-infrared radiation, and finely pulverizing the far-infrared radiation in the synthetic fiber material And using a fiber obtained by spinning from this raw material.
- Another method is to mix finely pulverized far-infrared radiation material with the dye used to dye the cloth.
- the content of the far-infrared emitting substance in the cloth is also 1% by weight or more, preferably 3% by weight or more, more preferably 10% by weight or more.
- Cloth can be used for indoor clothing, bedding, furniture, and other daily necessities. For example, pajamas and shirts using the cloth, rugs and bedding using the cloth (for example, futons and pillows), furniture such as beds and sofas using the cloth, cushions and cushions using the cloth, Examples include various types of covers such as bet covers and tablecloths using the cloth, and curtains using the cloth.
- the knitted material constituting the knitted product is also included in the cloth.
- the present invention relates to various types of rooms and facilities in which human activities and lives are performed, rooms that store articles (such as warehouse rooms), and display spaces (such as showcases). Can be widely used to adjust the environment of rooms and spaces. Explanation of symbols
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2009238937A AU2009238937B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor environment regulation system |
| NZ588718A NZ588718A (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor temperature and humidity regulation system using far infrared radiation |
| DK09735592.9T DK2281960T3 (da) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | System til regulering af indeklimaet |
| CN200980114269XA CN102016193B (zh) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | 室内环境调整系统 |
| KR1020147011825A KR20140072171A (ko) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | 실내환경 조정시스템 |
| BRPI0911357A BRPI0911357A2 (pt) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | sistema de regulagem de ambiente interno |
| US12/989,260 US8820651B2 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor environment regulating system |
| EP09735592.9A EP2281960B1 (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor environment regulation system |
| CA2722359A CA2722359C (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor environment regulating system |
| HK11104854.4A HK1150869B (en) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | Indoor environment regulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008113023 | 2008-04-23 | ||
| JP2008-113023 | 2008-04-23 | ||
| JP2008-240632 | 2008-09-19 | ||
| JP2008240632 | 2008-09-19 | ||
| JP2008240679 | 2008-09-19 | ||
| JP2008-240679 | 2008-09-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009131244A1 true WO2009131244A1 (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
Family
ID=41216967
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2009/058433 Ceased WO2009131244A1 (ja) | 2008-04-23 | 2009-04-22 | 室内環境調整システム |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8820651B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2281960B1 (ja) |
| JP (4) | JP4422783B1 (ja) |
| KR (2) | KR20110009099A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102016193B (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2009238937B2 (ja) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0911357A2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2722359C (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK2281960T3 (ja) |
| MY (1) | MY156583A (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ588718A (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI395910B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2009131244A1 (ja) |
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- 2009-04-22 CA CA2722359A patent/CA2722359C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-22 NZ NZ588718A patent/NZ588718A/xx unknown
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- 2009-04-22 EP EP09735592.9A patent/EP2281960B1/en active Active
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015147182A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-10-01 | 崇治 二枝 | 断熱遮熱シート |
| JP2015189086A (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | 崇治 二枝 | 断熱遮熱シート |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2281960A1 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| JP4818448B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
| CA2722359A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
| JP2011106808A (ja) | 2011-06-02 |
| HK1150869A1 (en) | 2012-01-13 |
| NZ588718A (en) | 2012-10-26 |
| AU2009238937A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
| AU2009238937B2 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
| KR20140072171A (ko) | 2014-06-12 |
| TW201003012A (en) | 2010-01-16 |
| EP2281960B1 (en) | 2021-06-30 |
| CA2722359C (en) | 2014-02-11 |
| KR20110009099A (ko) | 2011-01-27 |
| US8820651B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
| EP2281960A4 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
| BRPI0911357A2 (pt) | 2018-03-20 |
| JP4422783B1 (ja) | 2010-02-24 |
| CN102016193A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
| JP2010249508A (ja) | 2010-11-04 |
| JP2010096485A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
| JP2010095993A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
| MY156583A (en) | 2016-03-15 |
| JP4818418B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
| TWI395910B (zh) | 2013-05-11 |
| US20110042471A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
| CN102016193B (zh) | 2013-10-23 |
| DK2281960T3 (da) | 2021-09-20 |
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