WO2009145307A1 - 生残菌数推定方法及び保証菌数の設定方法 - Google Patents
生残菌数推定方法及び保証菌数の設定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009145307A1 WO2009145307A1 PCT/JP2009/059881 JP2009059881W WO2009145307A1 WO 2009145307 A1 WO2009145307 A1 WO 2009145307A1 JP 2009059881 W JP2009059881 W JP 2009059881W WO 2009145307 A1 WO2009145307 A1 WO 2009145307A1
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- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/06—Quantitative determination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for estimating the number of surviving bacteria of a composition containing a strain such as probiotics and a method for setting a guaranteed number of bacteria.
- Bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are used as probiotics in various foods.
- bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria are in the form of powders, capsules, tablets, and the like, and are used in foods for a wide range of uses such as health foods, confectionery, and infant formula.
- bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria have been used as probiotics in the medical field and the livestock feed field.
- probiotics exert beneficial effects on human and animal health by the growth of bacteria administered to humans and animals in the intestine. Therefore, it is important that probiotics are alive. Although it is very difficult to add bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria to the product and maintain the number of surviving bacteria within the warranty period (best-before period), several methods have been developed in the past. Foods, pharmaceuticals and feeds (hereinafter referred to as probiotic products) containing probiotics are commercialized.
- probiotic products When developing a probiotic product, there are numerous considerations, such as predicting changes in the number of surviving bacteria in the product, setting the shelf life of the product, and checking the effectiveness of the product.
- probiotic products need to clarify the guaranteed number of bacteria in the product within the warranty period from the viewpoint of ensuring the reliability of the product to consumers. Therefore, when developing probiotic products, the number of probiotics remaining in the product during the storage period is actually measured by a storage test to evaluate the survival of the probiotics. There was a need. However, probiotic products often have a warranty period of 1 to 3 years, and the number of probiotics remaining at the end of the warranty period is measured. To set it, a long-term storage test comparable to the warranty period was required, and it took time for commercialization.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4 a method of performing an accelerated test at a high storage temperature and estimating the number of surviving bacteria from the result of the accelerated test has been studied (see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- the storage temperature should be set high, so that the killing rate of the bacteria is increased by the high temperature, and it is very difficult to accurately estimate the survival at the storage temperature at room temperature. It was difficult. Further, when the set temperature of the accelerated test is slightly higher than room temperature, the storage test period could not be shortened sufficiently.
- Non-Patent Document 5 it is known that the viability of bifidobacteria changes depending on the water content and water activity value of the product (see Non-Patent Document 5). Furthermore, it is known that the viability of bifidobacteria varies not only with the water activity value of the product but also with the storage temperature of the product (see Non-Patent Document 6). In addition, it is known that Bifidobacteria have different survival characteristics for each strain (see Non-Patent Document 7). Moreover, even in lactic acid bacteria, there is a report that the viability changes depending on the storage temperature and the water activity value (see Non-Patent Document 8).
- Non-Patent Documents 5 to 8 have not led to the idea of analyzing the correlation between the storage temperature and the water activity value and estimating the number of surviving bacteria in the product from the correlation.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by accurately estimating the number of surviving bacteria of a specific strain relative to the storage period of a probiotic product, it is possible to reduce the product development period.
- Provided are a method for estimating the number of bacteria and a method for setting a guaranteed number of bacteria that can easily lead to the guaranteed number of bacteria of a specific strain in a probiotic product within a quality guarantee period.
- the present inventors determined that the number of surviving bacteria of the strain when storing a composition containing a specific strain belonging to bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc. depends on the storage temperature of the composition and the water activity value of the composition. It was found that there is a correlation between the common logarithm of the number of surviving bacteria and the storage period. The regression coefficient derived from the correlation was defined as the killing rate of the bacteria. And it discovered that a death rate changes with water activity values, and the natural logarithm value of a death rate shows a positive correlation with a water activity value.
- the death rate has a correlation with the storage temperature according to Arrhenius' law, and the death rate coefficient and constant of the regression line derived from the relationship between the death rate and the water activity value strongly correlate with the storage temperature. I found that there is sex. Then, from the correlation between the killing rate, the storage temperature, and the water activity value, a relational expression regarding the killing rate of the bacteria and the survival cell count (CFU / g) of the specific strain is completed.
- the viable cell count (CFU / g) can be accurately estimated by substituting the viable cell count, storage temperature (° C.), water activity value, and storage period (day).
- a survival cell count estimation method wherein the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when a composition containing a specific strain is stored is estimated by the following formula (I) .
- Log 10 n t Log 10 n 0 ⁇ t ⁇ EXP ⁇ (A T ⁇ T + B T ) w + (C T ⁇ T + D T ) ⁇ (I) t: Storage period (days) x 1/30.
- n t Number of surviving bacteria (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after storage period t (days).
- n 0 the viable cell count (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage.
- T Storage temperature (° C.).
- w Water activity value of the composition.
- a T A coefficient specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- B T A constant specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- C T A coefficient peculiar to the strain obtained by experiments.
- D T A constant specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- the strain is any one of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum.
- the strains are Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus ramnosus, Lactobacillus nacto, Lactobacillus nacto, The survival cell count estimation method according to [2], which is any one type of lactic acid bacteria of faecium).
- Guarantee bacteria characterized by setting the guaranteed bacteria count N (CFU / g) within the guarantee period t ′ (days) when stored at a temperature T ′ (° C.) or less according to the following formula (II): How to set the number.
- N nt ′ ⁇ a (II)
- n t ′ survival cell count n of the strain contained in the composition after storage period t (days) estimated by the survival cell count estimation method according to any one of [1] to [9] t (CFU / g), and n t (CFU / g) when the storage temperature T (° C.) is T ′ (° C.) and the storage period t (day) is t ′ (day).
- a A constant less than 1.
- survival cell count estimation method of the present invention it is possible to accurately estimate the survival cell count (CFU / g) of a specific strain with respect to the storage period of a probiotic product. It can be shortened.
- the method for setting the guaranteed bacterial count of the present invention it is possible to easily derive the guaranteed bacterial count of a specific strain in the probiotic product within the quality guarantee period.
- FIG. 6 is an Arrhenius plot for the death rate k of longum BAA-999.
- B. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the water activity value w and the death rate k in each storage temperature (degreeC) of longum BAA-999.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when a composition containing a specific strain is stored is estimated by the following formula (I).
- Log 10 n t Log 10 n 0 ⁇ t ⁇ EXP ⁇ (A T ⁇ T + B T ) w + (C T ⁇ T + D T ) ⁇ (I) t: Storage period (days) x 1/30.
- n t Number of surviving bacteria (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after storage period t (days).
- n 0 the viable cell count (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage.
- T Storage temperature (° C.).
- w Water activity value of the composition.
- a T A coefficient specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- B T A constant specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- C T A coefficient peculiar to the strain obtained by experiments.
- D T A constant specific to the strain obtained by experiment.
- the strain contained as a probiotic in a composition is object.
- Probiotics are bacteria that function as good bacteria in the intestinal tract for living organisms such as humans and livestock that have eaten them alive, and have a healthy and beneficial effect on the organism. It means the fungus that can do.
- Bifidobacteria Bacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (Bifidobacterium pseudolongum) ), And strains belonging to Bifidobacterium such as Bifidobacterium infantis.
- Bifidobacteria genus Bifidobacterium
- Specific strains belonging to Bifidobacterium include Bifidobacterium longum ATCC BAA-999 (product name: Bifidobacterium longum BB536, manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.), Bifidobacterium breve BCCM (BCCM: Belgian Co-) Ordinated Collections of Micro-organisms) LMG 23729 (Product name: Bifidobacterium breve M16V, Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.), Bifidobacterium pseudolongum IFO 15861 (Product name: Bifidobumumitamugi dairy) And other strains. These are all strains that can be stably supplied as probiotics.
- Lactobacillus gasseri Lactobacillus acidophilus
- Lactobacillus ramnosus Lactobacillus ramnosus
- Lactobacillus ramnosus plan Examples include strains belonging to lactic acid bacteria such as Talam (Lactobacillus plantum) and Enterococcus faecium.
- Lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus genus, Enterococcus genus, etc.) are a kind of facultative anaerobic bacteria found in the intestinal tract and fermented milk of the human body, and are variously used as probiotics.
- strains belonging to lactic acid bacteria include Lactobacillus gasseri LAC343 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.), Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC361 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.), ) LAC-300 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Company), Lactobacillus ramnosus LCS742 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Company), Lactobacillus plantarum LP83 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Company), Enterococcus f terus ) FA5 (Morinaga Milk Industry) Include the lactic acid bacteria. These are all strains that can be stably supplied as probiotics.
- compositions that are the target of the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention include foods such as health foods, confectionery (creams, cream sands, cookies, chocolate, chocolate flakes, breakfast cereals, gums, etc.) and infant formula. Examples thereof include pharmaceuticals, livestock feed, and pharmaceuticals. Although it does not specifically limit as a form of a composition, It is intended for the composition of a solid state at the time of storage, For example, the tablet etc. which solidified the powder, the capsule which enclosed the powder, the powder was solidified with the excipient
- the composition used as the object of the survival bacteria estimation method of this invention needs to be sealed in the container which has water vapor
- the composition used as the object of the survival bacteria count estimation method of this invention needs to be accommodated in the container which has light-shielding property in the storage state.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain may be reduced by ultraviolet rays.
- the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention There is a possibility that it is difficult to estimate an accurate survival cell count n t (CFU / g) with respect to the storage period.
- T in the formula (I) is a value obtained by multiplying the storage period (day) by 1/30, and corresponds to the storage period (month) when one month is regarded as 30 days.
- the storage period t (day) is preferably assumed to be 1 day to 1,500 days. If the storage period t (day) is within this range, the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention allows the above-mentioned storage period t (day) to be exceeded.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition can be estimated more accurately.
- n t is the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain contained in the composition after the storage period t (days) estimated by the formula (I).
- n t is the storage period t (days), the viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage, the storage temperature T (° C.), and the strain-specific coefficient A T obtained by experiments.
- C T , the constants B T and D T peculiar to the strain obtained by experiment, and the water activity value w of the composition are calculated by substituting into the formula (I).
- n 0 is the number of viable bacteria (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage.
- CFU / g viable bacteria
- T (° C.) is a storage temperature (° C.), that is, a temperature at which the composition is stored.
- the formula (I) estimates the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) on the assumption that the storage temperature T (° C.) is constant during the storage period of the composition.
- the set value of the storage temperature T (° C.) is not particularly limited, but is preferably set to 25 to 60 ° C. If the storage temperature T (° C.) is 25 to 60 ° C., there is a strong correlation between the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the specific strain contained in the composition and the storage temperature T (° C.). Since the sex is recognized, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain contained in the composition can be estimated more accurately.
- the water activity value is the ratio of the water vapor pressure (P) in the sealed container containing the object to be measured to the water vapor pressure (PO) of pure water (P / PO, where P and PO are the same temperature conditions) This is a value defined by the water vapor pressure of the water), and represents a measure of the amount of water other than the bound water contained in the object, that is, the amount of free water, and is mainly used as an indicator of the ease of propagation of microorganisms.
- the water activity value is expressed in the range of 0.000 to 1.000, the water activity of pure water is 1.000, and the water activity of dried foods is approximately 0.6 or less.
- the water activity value w of the composition is set at the stage of producing the composition.
- the setting of the water activity value w is, for example, a method of mixing a composition having various water activity values w at a predetermined blending ratio so as to obtain a desired water activity value w, a salt content, a sugar content, etc. in the composition. It is set by a method of dissolving and reducing the amount of free water, a method of drying the composition or adding water to the composition, and the like.
- the formula (I) estimates the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) on the assumption that the water activity value w during the storage start period is constant.
- the set value of the water activity value w is not particularly limited, but is preferably within 0.6, more preferably 0.10 to 0.40.
- the water activity value w is within 0.6, a strong correlation is observed between the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the specific strain contained in the composition and the water activity value w.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain contained in the composition can be estimated more accurately.
- a T , B T , C T , and D T are strain-specific coefficients or constants determined by the following experiments 1) to 5).
- a sample of a composition containing a specific strain is prepared by uniformly mixing a target specific strain into a powdered composition having at least three types of water activity values w. Each is further packaged and sealed in a plurality (water temperature condition number ⁇ storage period condition number) of water vapor barrier containers, and a plurality of sealed samples are obtained for each water activity value w. Each sealed sample is stored at at least three types of storage temperatures (° C.). Then, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the composition in the storage period (days) of at least 3 time points is measured.
- the 2) the said from the relationship between the obtained storage period and Namazankin number n t (CFU / g) at 1), rapidly from the storage start sample Namazankin number n t (CFU / It is observed that g) decreases and the decrease in the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) gradually decreases with the passage of storage time. Therefore, the relationship with the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain can be expressed by a linear equation (regression line).
- the slope of the regression line indicates the common logarithm of the number of bacteria that die per storage period of one month. In the present invention, this regression coefficient is defined as the death rate. This killing rate is different for each setting of the storage temperature and the water activity value w, and shows a higher kill rate as the water activity value w is higher and as the storage temperature is higher.
- examples of the form of the specific strain used for the sample include fungus powder and liquid, preferably fungus powder. This is because a specific strain is often provided as a bacterial powder, and if it is in the state of a bacterial powder, it can be easily mixed uniformly with the powdered composition, and further, a powdered powder with a water activity value w adjusted. This is because even if a small amount of fungal powder is added to the composition, there is little possibility of changing the water activity value w of the powdered composition.
- the water activity value w of the powdery composition used for the sample is preferably 0.05 to 0.60. This is the range of the water activity value of a normal probiotic product, and if it is within this range, it is strong between the water activity value w and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain. This is because a correlation is observed, so that the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the powder composition can be estimated more accurately.
- a powdery composition used for a sample For example, starch powders, such as corn starch, milk powder, etc. are mentioned.
- the water activity value w of the sample may be adjusted to, for example, a powdery composition having a predetermined water activity value w by appropriately mixing raw starch and dry starch. As described above, the water activity value w of the sample is at least three, but preferably four or more.
- Samples having a predetermined water activity value w are measured for the number of stored microorganisms n t (CFU / g) at each temperature type (at least 3 types) stored and at a predetermined storage period (at least 3 time points). Because it is necessary to prepare, at least nine samples with each water activity value need to be individually packaged, depending on the type of each temperature stored and the number of measurements in a given storage period, Package as many samples as necessary. In this experiment, since at least three types of samples having different water activity values w are stored, the total number of samples used in the experiment is at least 27.
- the container used for individual packaging of the sample needs to have a water vapor barrier property as described above. This is to prevent a change in the water activity value w of the sample during the storage period and to estimate the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) more accurately.
- a form of the container having a water vapor barrier property a bag having a water vapor barrier property and a sealable bag, a container made of glass, metal, or the like and a bottle having a water vapor barrier property in combination is used.
- the storage temperature T (° C.) of the sample is at least three as described above, but is preferably four or more.
- the sample storage temperature T (° C.) is preferably set to 5 to 60 ° C. This temperature range corresponds to the temperature at which the probiotic product is stored, and if it is within this temperature range, the storage temperature (° C.) and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain This is because a strong correlation can be recognized between them and the more accurate estimation of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g).
- Storing of the sample is preferably performed by leaving it in a storage device that can maintain a constant storage temperature (° C.) such as an incubator or a thermostat.
- a storage device that can maintain a constant storage temperature (° C.) such as an incubator or a thermostat.
- the relative humidity in the storage device is not particularly set and may be a result of the temperature, but the relative humidity may be controlled as necessary.
- the measurement of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the sample is performed in a storage period (days) of at least three time points. Preferably, it is at least 4 time points.
- the measurement of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the sample is preferably set 1 to 1,500 days after the start of storage. By measuring the number of surviving bacteria n t (CFU / g) in the sample 1 to 1,500 days after the start of storage, the correlation between the storage temperature (° C.) and the water activity value w with respect to the storage period is increased. Accurately grasp.
- the measurement of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the sample is carried out by appropriate culture and measurement in view of whether the specific strain is anaerobic or aerobic.
- the specific strain is a strain belonging to an anaerobic bacterium such as bifidobacteria or lactic acid bacterium
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) in the sample is measured, for example, by the following procedure.
- the sample taken out from the container is diluted with a predetermined buffer, and after a predetermined amount of the diluted solution containing the strain is transferred to the petri dish, an agar medium dissolved in the petri dish is added, and the diluted solution containing the strain and the agar medium Pour evenly.
- a petri dish is set in an anaerobic box and statically cultured at a predetermined temperature (36 to 38 ° C.) for a predetermined period (about 2 to 4 days). Thereafter, the petri dish is removed from the anaerobic box, the number of colonies in the medium is measured, and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) is calculated.
- the survival of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage is expressed in the formula (I) for each specific strain derived as described above.
- the number of bacteria n 0 (CFU / g), storage temperature T (° C.), storage period t (day), and water activity value w survival bacteria after storage period t (day) of a specific strain
- the number n t (CFU / g) can be estimated.
- the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention can be used without performing a storage test. Since the number of bacteria n t (CFU / g) can be accurately estimated, the development period of the product can be shortened. Moreover, even if the strain in the product is changed, if the formula (I) of the strain is calculated in advance, the formula for each specific strain ( Since the number of surviving bacteria n t (CFU / g) can be accurately estimated using I), the product development period can be shortened.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) after the storage period t (days), the storage temperature T (° C.), the storage period t (days), and the water activity value w By determining the number of viable bacteria n 0 (CFU / g) of a specific strain required for the composition at the start of storage.
- the viable cell count n 0 (CFU / g) of the specific strain contained in the composition at the start of storage the viable cell count n after the storage period t (days)
- the storage temperature T (° C.) necessary for storing the composition can be derived.
- the viable cell count n 0 (CFU / g) of the specific strain contained in the composition at the start of storage the viable cell count n after the storage period t (days)
- the storage period t (days) of the composition can also be derived.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period t (days) is estimated by the survival cell count estimation method represented by the formula (I).
- n t ′ is the survival cell count n t (CFU) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period t (days) estimated by the survival cell count estimation method represented by the formula (I). / G), and n t (CFU / g) when the storage temperature T (° C.) is T ′ (° C.) and the storage period t (day) is t ′ (day).
- the temperature T ′ (° C.) is a specified temperature when storing the probiotic product.
- a is a constant less than 1.
- a is the estimated survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain and the actual survival cell count n t (CFU / g) due to fluctuations in storage temperature T (° C.) during the storage period. ) Is determined as appropriate in consideration of the possibility that a difference will occur, and is generally set to 0.5 to 0.9.
- T ′ ° C.
- N the guaranteed bacterial count of the specific strain contained in the product within the quality warranty period N (CFU / g) can be derived.
- raw starch corn starch, water activity value: 0.6, manufactured by Nippon Food Processing Co., Ltd.
- dried starch refined sterilized dry corn starch, water activity value: 0) .02, manufactured by Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd.
- B. B. longum BAA-999 was added in an amount of about 0.1% by mass to 1 ⁇ 10 8 (CFU / g) and mixed uniformly.
- a sample of a mixed powder of longum BAA-999 bacterial powder and starch powder was prepared.
- For each sample prepare 40 aluminum bags with water vapor barrier properties (made of PET / AL / PE three-layer laminated film) and wrap 2-3g of each sample in each aluminum bag for heat sealing. And sealed.
- 2-19 bags per sample are placed in each of the four thermostatic chambers (manufactured by Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.) set to 25 ° C., 37 ° C., 45 ° C., and 60 ° C. (relative humidity). Storage has started.
- Table 1 shows the number of measurement of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of each sample with respect to the storage period (days) at a storage temperature of 25 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the number of times the number of surviving bacteria n t (CFU / g) of each sample was measured for the storage period (days) at a storage temperature of 37 ° C.
- Table 3 shows the number of surviving bacterial counts n t (CFU / g) of each sample with respect to the storage period (days) at a storage temperature of 45 ° C.
- Table 4 shows the number of surviving bacterial counts n t (CFU / g) of each sample with respect to the storage period (days) at a storage temperature of 60 ° C.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) was measured according to the following procedures 1) to 6).
- FIG. 1 shows a case where the storage temperature is 37 ° C.
- FIG. 3 shows a case where the storage temperature is 45 ° C.
- FIG. 4 shows a case where the storage temperature is 60 ° C. 1 to 4, the X axis is the storage period (days) ⁇ 1/30, and the Y axis is the common logarithm of the number of surviving bacteria (Log 10 CFU / g).
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain after the storage period t (days) is expressed by the following formula (1 ).
- Log 10 n t Log 10 n 0 ⁇ t ⁇ k (1)
- n t survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period t (days).
- n 0 Number of viable bacteria (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage t: Storage period (days) x 1/30.
- k Death rate (Log 10 CFU / g / month).
- the death rate k in Table 5 is made a natural logarithm, and the inverse of the absolute temperature (K) of the storage temperature T (° C.) is obtained, and then the natural logarithm of the death rate k and the absolute temperature (K) are calculated.
- the relationship with the reciprocal is plotted and the regression line is obtained, it is as shown in FIG. A strong negative correlation (R 2 > 0.98) between the death rate k and the reciprocal of the absolute temperature (K) was observed in the regression line for each water activity value w.
- the killing rate k has a relationship that depends on the storage temperature T (° C.) (if the storage temperature T (° C.) increases, the killing rate k increases), and according to the Arrhenius law 5 shows that the regression line is an Arrhenius plot.
- the kill rate k depends on the storage temperature (° C.), and the natural logarithm of the kill rate k and the storage temperature (° C.) may be proportional. I understand.
- the death rate k of longum BAA-999 is proportional to the water activity value w of the composition, and the relationship between the death rate k and the water activity value is expressed by the following equation (3) which is a regression line of FIG. I understand.
- Lnk k'w + C (3)
- k ′ slope of the straight line (regression coefficient) obtained from the regression line shown in FIG. w: Water activity value of the composition.
- C y-intercept of the regression line shown in FIG.
- N t N 0 ⁇ t ⁇ EXP (k′w + C) (6)
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the above-mentioned strain when storing the composition containing longum BAA-999 is strong against the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition and the water activity value w of the composition. It was shown that it depends. From this, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when the composition is stored can be estimated from the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition and the water activity value w of the composition. It was speculated that Therefore, when the equation of the regression line of each storage temperature (° C.) was calculated from the regression line of FIG. 6, the equation of Table 6 was obtained.
- T Storage temperature (° C)
- the composition contained at the beginning of storage contained in viable count (CFU / g) longum BAA-999 shows the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) after the storage period t (days) when stored at the storage temperature T (° C.) under the storage conditions of the water activity value w. It was found that it is represented by (10). Further, from the above formula (10), the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) is calculated based on the viable cell count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage and the storage temperature T (° C. ), Storage period t (days), and water activity value w.
- Bifidobacterium breve BCCM LMG 23729 (Bifidobacterium breve M16V, manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as B. breve LMG 23729) was used as a test bacterium and the storage temperature (° C.). ) And 5% was added, and the water activity value w of the starch powder of each sample was changed as shown in Table 7 below by changing the ratio of raw starch to dried starch. The test was conducted in the same manner as in 1. ⁇ Result> In the same manner as in Test Example 1, the number of surviving bacteria n t (CFU / g) in the sample was measured. The kill rate k for each storage condition in Breve LMG 23729 was calculated as shown in Table 7.
- n t N 0 ⁇ t ⁇ EXP (k′w + C) (11)
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when storing the composition containing breve LMG 23729 is the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the composition It was shown to be strongly dependent on the water activity value w. From this, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when the composition is stored can be estimated from the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the water activity value w of the composition. It was speculated that it was possible. Therefore, when the equation of the regression line of each storage temperature (° C.) was calculated from the regression line of FIG. 10, the equation of Table 8 was obtained.
- B. pseudolongum IFO 1586 Bifidobacterium pseudolongum M-602, manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as B. pseudolongum IFO 1586.
- the test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the water activity value w of the starch powder of each sample was changed as shown in Table 9 below by changing the ratio of raw starch to dry starch. .
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when the composition containing pseudolongum IFO 15861 is stored is the same as in Test Example-1 and the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the composition It was shown to be strongly dependent on the water activity value w. From this, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when the composition is stored can be estimated from the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the water activity value w of the composition. It was speculated that it was possible. Therefore, when the equation of the regression line of each storage temperature (° C.) was calculated from the regression line of FIG. 12, the equation of Table 10 was obtained.
- Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC-300 test ⁇ Method> A bacterial powder of Lactobacillus acidophilus IFO-15862 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC-300, manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as L. acidophilus LAC-300) is used as a test bacterium, and the storage temperature (storage temperature). C) was changed to 30 ° C. instead of 25 ° C., and the water activity value w of the starch powder of each sample was changed as shown in Table 11 below by changing the ratio of raw starch to dried starch. The test was performed in the same manner as in Test Example-1, except that the number of bacteria n t (CFU / g) was measured under anaerobic conditions instead of anaerobic conditions.
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the above-mentioned strain when the composition containing acidophilus LAC-300 is stored is the same as in Test Example 1, and the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the composition It was shown that it strongly depends on the water activity value w. From this, the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain when the composition is stored can be estimated from the storage temperature T (° C.) of the composition and the water activity value w of the composition. It was speculated that it was possible. Therefore, when the equation of the regression line of each storage temperature (° C.) was calculated from the regression line of FIG. 13, the equation of Table 12 was obtained.
- Test Example 1 to Test Example 3 described above all strains belonged to bifidobacteria, but even in lactic acid bacteria, the viability depends on the storage temperature and the water activity value. Since it is shown in Non-Patent Document 8 described above, the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention can be applied, and the details are shown in Test Example-4. Further, even if the strain belongs to another genus, if the survival rate depends on the storage temperature and the water activity value by the same method as in Test Example-1 to Test Example-4, The survival cell count estimation method of the present invention can be applied.
- the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention it is possible to accurately estimate the survival cell count of a specific strain with respect to the storage period of a probiotic product, and to shorten the product development period It is.
- the method for setting the guaranteed bacterial count of the present invention it is possible to derive the guaranteed bacterial count of a specific strain in the probiotic product within the quality guarantee period.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 according to the embodiment.
- the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 can be realized by a computer device such as a personal computer, for example, and includes an input reception unit 11, a constant coefficient calculation unit 12, a storage unit 13, a calculation unit 14, and an output instruction unit 15. Prepare.
- the input receiving unit 11 receives information input by the user through an input unit such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, buttons, and keys. Alternatively, the input receiving unit 11 may receive information from another computer device connected via a network or read information from a computer-readable recording medium.
- an input unit such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, buttons, and keys.
- the input receiving unit 11 may receive information from another computer device connected via a network or read information from a computer-readable recording medium.
- the constant coefficient calculation unit 12 calculates the coefficients and constants A T , B T , C T , and D T used in Equation (I) and writes them in the storage unit 13.
- the calculation unit 14 is based on the formula (I) using A T , B T , C T , D T stored in the storage unit 13, and the number of surviving bacteria contained in the composition after the storage period, The storage period of the composition containing the strain, the number of viable bacteria contained in the composition at the start of storage, the storage temperature of the composition, or the water activity value of the composition are calculated. Further, the calculation unit 14 calculates the guaranteed number of bacteria based on the formula (II).
- the output instruction unit 15 has a function of displaying a calculation result by the calculation unit 14 on an output unit, for example, a display such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), or printing it with a printer or the like.
- a display such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) or an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), or printing it with a printer or the like.
- the calculation result by the calculation unit 14 may be written in a computer-readable recording medium or output to a computer device connected via a network.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 contains the strain, which is information on the strain type, storage conditions when the above-described experiment is performed on the strain, and the results of the experiment. Information on the storage temperature (° C.) and water activity value w of the composition to be stored, the storage period (day) of the composition, and the viable count n t (CFU / g) contained in the composition after the storage period Receive input.
- the constant coefficient calculation unit 12 calculates the common logarithm of the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of a specific strain in each sample for each storage condition, that is, storage temperature (° C.) and water activity value. Then, the first regression line (see FIGS. 1 to 4 and Table 5) with the storage period t (days) ⁇ 1/30 as the X axis is calculated. The constant coefficient calculation unit 12 obtains the absolute value of the slope (regression coefficient) of the first regression line obtained for each storage condition as the kill rate k of each storage condition.
- the constant coefficient calculation unit 12 writes the A T , B T , C T , and D T calculated as described above and information on the type of microorganism in the storage unit 13 in association with each other.
- the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 uses the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1, the number of survival cells of the strain included in the composition after the storage period, the storage period of the composition containing the strain, the strain included in the composition at the start of storage A process for calculating the viable cell count, the storage temperature of the composition, the water activity value of the composition, and the guaranteed cell count will be described.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 includes the survival cell count calculation condition information, that is, the type of bacteria, the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain, and the composition at the start of storage. Information on the viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the contained strain, the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, and the water activity value w of the composition is received.
- Use calculation unit 14 A T corresponding to the type of information entered fungi, B T, C T, reading the D T from the storage unit 13, the read A T, B T, C T , the D T
- the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain indicated by the inputted survival cell count calculation condition information, and the viable count n of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage 0 (CFU / g), the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, and the water activity value w of the composition are substituted, and the survival number of microorganisms n t contained in the composition after the storage period t (days) Calculate (CFU / g).
- the calculation unit 14 using a raw Zankin number n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after the calculated storage period t (days), and stored at a temperature T '(° C.) or less
- the guaranteed number of bacteria N (CFU / g) within the guarantee period t ′ (day) is calculated by the formula (II).
- the temperature T ′ (° C.) and the guarantee period t ′ (day) are the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition and the storage period (day) of the composition containing the strain indicated by the survival cell count calculation condition information. It is.
- the output instruction unit 15 provides information on the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) and the guaranteed cell count N (CFU / g) of the microorganisms included in the composition after the storage period, calculated by the calculation unit 14. Output.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 stores the storage period calculation condition information, that is, the type of bacteria and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain included in the composition after the storage period. And the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, the viable cell count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage, and the water activity value w of the composition are input.
- Use calculation unit 14 A T corresponding to the type of information entered fungi, B T, C T, reading the D T from the storage unit 13, the read A T, B T, C T , the D T
- the output instruction unit 15 outputs information on the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain calculated by the calculation unit 14.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 receives the survival cell count calculation condition information at the start of storage, that is, the type of bacteria and the survival cell count n t of the strain included in the composition after the storage period.
- CFU / g the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain, the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, and the water activity value w of the composition are input.
- Use calculation unit 14 A T corresponding to the type of information entered fungi, B T, C T, reading the D T from the storage unit 13, the read A T, B T, C T , the D T
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period indicated by the input storage start count calculation condition information and the strain are contained.
- the output instruction unit 15 outputs information on the viable cell count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage calculated by the calculation unit 14.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 stores storage temperature calculation condition information, that is, the type of bacteria and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain included in the composition after the storage period. And the information on the viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage, the storage period (day) of the composition containing the strain, and the water activity value w of the composition Receive.
- Use calculation unit 14 A T corresponding to the type of information entered fungi, B T, C T, reading the D T from the storage unit 13, the read A T, B T, C T , the D T
- the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain included in the composition after the storage period which is indicated by the input storage temperature calculation condition information, and included in the composition at the start of storage
- Substituting the viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain to be stored, the storage period (day) of the composition containing the strain, and the water activity value w of the composition, and the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition calculate.
- the output instruction unit 15 outputs information on the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition calculated by the calculation unit 14.
- the input reception unit 11 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 includes water activity value calculation condition information, that is, the type of bacteria and the survival cell count n t (CFU / g) of the strain included in the composition after the storage period. ), The viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage, the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain, and the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition Receive input of information.
- Use calculation unit 14 A T corresponding to the type of information entered fungi, B T, C T, reading the D T from the storage unit 13, the read A T, B T, C T , the D T
- the survival number n t (CFU / g) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period indicated by the input water activity value calculation condition information, and the composition at the start of storage Substituting the viable count n 0 (CFU / g) of the contained strain, the storage period (days) of the composition containing the strain, and the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, the water activity value w of the composition Is calculated.
- the output instruction unit 15 outputs information on the water activity value w of the composition calculated by the calculation unit 14.
- the unit of each condition information input is different from the unit used in the formula (I)
- the unit of each condition information input is the unit used in the formula (I). Substitute after converting to.
- FIG. 12 is a screen example output by the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1.
- tabs T1 to T5 corresponding to the type of bacteria and the calculation target are selected by the input unit of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1.
- the case where bifidobacteria are selected as the type of bacteria and the number of surviving bacteria (predicting the number of surviving bacteria) of the strain contained in the composition after the storage period is selected as the calculation target by tab T1.
- the figure further shows a field A1 for inputting the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition, the number of viable bacteria of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage (initial number of added bacteria) n 0 (CFU / g)
- An input field A2 for inputting the water activity value an input field A3 for inputting the water activity value of the composition, and an input field A4 for inputting the storage period (month) of the composition containing the strain.
- the calculation unit 14 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 selects the type of the selected bacteria, here the bifidos.
- the output instruction unit 15 is further calculated by the calculation unit 14 according to (the number of surviving microorganisms contained in the composition after the storage period) / (the number of living bacteria contained in the composition at the start of storage).
- the calculated predicted survival rate is displayed in the display field A6, and the guaranteed number of bacteria N (CFU / g) calculated by the calculation unit 14 using the formula (II) is displayed in the display field A7.
- FIG. 14 is another screen example output by the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1.
- the tab T11 is selected by the input unit of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1, and L.
- the user uses the input unit of the survival cell count estimation device 1 to input the storage temperature (° C.) of the composition in the field A11, the viable cell count of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage (the initial added cell count) ) Input field A12 for entering n 0 (CFU / g), input field A13 for entering the water activity value of the composition, input for entering the storage period (month) of the composition containing the strain A numerical value is input in the field A14.
- the calculation part 14 of the survival bacteria number estimation apparatus 1 is the kind of selected microbe, L. here.
- Microorganisms contained in the composition after the storage period by substituting the values input in the input fields A11 to A14 into the formula (I) using A T , B T , C T , D T corresponding to acidophilus LAC-300 The survival cell count n t (CFU / g) is calculated, and the output instruction unit 15 displays the calculation result on the display field A15. L.
- the formula (I) using A T , B T , C T , and D T corresponding to acidophilus LAC-300 for example, the formula (22) of Test Example 4 can be used.
- the output instruction unit 15 further displays the predicted survival rate in the display field A16, and displays the guaranteed bacterial count N (CFU / g) in the display field A17.
- the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 may include only the input reception unit 11, the storage unit 13, the calculation unit 14, and the output instruction unit 15.
- the storage unit 13 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 is configured to calculate A T , B T , and C calculated by another survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 including at least the input reception unit 11 and the constant coefficient calculation unit 12. T and D T are held.
- the above-mentioned survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 has a computer system inside.
- the operation processes of the input reception unit 11, the coefficient constant calculation unit 12, the calculation unit 14, and the output instruction unit 15 of the survival cell count estimation apparatus 1 are stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program.
- the computer system reads out and executes this program, the above processing is performed.
- the computer system here includes a CPU, various memories, an OS, and hardware such as peripheral devices.
- the “computer system” includes a homepage providing environment (or display environment) if a WWW system is used.
- the “computer-readable recording medium” refers to a storage device such as a flexible medium, a magneto-optical disk, a portable medium such as a ROM or a CD-ROM, or a hard disk built in a computer system.
- the “computer-readable recording medium” dynamically holds a program for a short time like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line.
- a volatile memory in a computer system serving as a server or a client in that case, and a program that holds a program for a certain period of time are also included.
- the program may be a program for realizing a part of the functions described above, and may be a program capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in a computer system.
- Example 1 B from Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. to skim milk having a water activity value of 0.25 (manufactured by Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd.) Bacterial powder of longum BAA-999 is added to milk powder so as to be 1 ⁇ 10 8 (CFU / g) / g, and the number of viable bacteria of the strain contained in the composition at the start of storage is n 0 ( A bifidobacteria-containing milk powder having a CFU / g) of 1 ⁇ 10 8 (CFU / g) was prepared, and the bifidobacteria-containing milk powder was heat-sealed in an aluminum bag. B.
- the guaranteed number of bacteria N (CFU / g) within a guarantee period of 540 days when the bifidobacteria-containing powdered milk of Example 1 was stored at 25 ° C. or less was calculated using the following formula (24).
- 3.9 ⁇ 10 7 obtained by the equation (23) was substituted for n t ′, and 0.8 was substituted for a.
- N n t ′ ⁇ a
- N ⁇ 3.1 ⁇ 10 7 was obtained by the equation (24). Therefore, the guaranteed bacterial count N (CFU / g) within the guaranteed period of 540 days when the Bifidobacterium-containing powdered milk of Example 1 was stored at 25 ° C. or less was set to 3.1 ⁇ 10 7 (CFU / g). .
- the survival cell count estimation method of the present invention it is possible to accurately estimate the survival cell count (CFU / g) of a specific strain with respect to the storage period of a probiotic product. It is possible to apply to the purpose of shortening. Further, if the method for setting the guaranteed number of bacteria of the present invention is used, it can be applied to easily derive the guaranteed number of bacteria of a specific strain in the probiotic product within the quality guarantee period.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2008年5月29日に、日本に出願された特願2008-140819号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そのため、プロバイオティクス製品を開発する際には、保管期間内における製品中のプロバイオティクスの生残菌数を、実際に保管試験を行って測定し、プロバイオティクスの生残性を評価する必要があった。しかし、プロバイオティクス製品は、その保証期間が1年から3年と非常に長く設定されることが多く、保証期間終了時点でのプロバイオティクスの生残菌数を測定し、保証菌数を設定するには、保証期間に匹敵する長期間の保管試験が必要であり、製品化に時間が掛かっていた。
ところが、加速試験の期間を短縮するには、保管温度を高く設定することになるため、高温によって菌の死滅速度が高まり、そこから常温の保管温度における生残性を正確に推定することは非常に困難であった。また、加速試験の設定温度が常温よりやや高い程度の場合、保管試験の期間を十分に短縮することができなかった。
本発明は、前記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、プロバイオティクス製品の保管期間に対する特定の菌株の生残菌数を正確に推定することで、製品の開発期間を短縮可能な生残菌数推定方法、及び品質の保証期間内におけるプロバイオティクス製品中の特定の菌株の保証菌数を容易に導くことのできる保証菌数の設定方法を提供する。
[1]特定の菌株を含有する組成物を保管した際の前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を次式(I)によって推定することを特徴とする生残菌数推定方法。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(AT×T+BT)w+(CT×T+DT)}・・・(I)
t:保管期間(日)×1/30。
nt:保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数(CFU/g)。
n0:保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数(CFU/g)。
T:保管温度(℃)。
w:組成物の水分活性値。
AT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
BT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。
CT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
DT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。
[3]前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(Bifidobacterium breve)、及びビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)のいずれか一種のビフィズス菌である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[4]前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)ATCC BAA-999である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[5]前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(Bifidobacterium breve)BCCM LMG 23729である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[6]前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)IFO 15861である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[7]前記菌株が、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス(Lactobacillus ramnosus)、ラクトバチルス・プランタラム(Lactobacillus plantrum)、及びエンテロコッカス・ファシウム(Enteroccus faecium)のいずれか一種の乳酸菌である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[8]前記菌株が、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラス(Lactobacillus acidophilus) IFO-15862 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC-300)である[2]に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[9]前記水分活性値wが、0.6以下である[1]~[8]のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
[10]前記保管温度T(℃)が、25℃~60℃である[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
N=nt’×a・・・(II)
nt’:[1]~[9]のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法によって推定した保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)であって、保管温度T(℃)をT’(℃)とし、保管期間t(日)をt’(日)としたときのnt(CFU/g)。
a:1未満の定数。
本発明の保証菌数の設定方法を用いれば、品質の保証期間内におけるプロバイオティクス製品中の特定の菌株の保証菌数を容易に導くことが可能である。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(AT×T+BT)w+(CT×T+DT)}・・・(I)
t:保管期間(日)×1/30。
nt:保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数(CFU/g)。
n0:保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数(CFU/g)。
T:保管温度(℃)。
w:組成物の水分活性値。
AT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
BT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。
CT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
DT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。
保管期間t(日)としては、好ましくは1日~1,500日を想定しており、この範囲内であれば本発明の生残菌数推定方法によって、保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)をより正確に推定することができる。
また、保管温度T(℃)の設定値は特に限定されないが、25~60℃に設定されることが好ましい。保管温度T(℃)が25~60℃であれば、組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、保管温度T(℃)との間には強い相関性が認められるため、組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)をより正確に推定することができる。
組成物の水分活性値wは、組成物を製造する段階で設定される。水分活性値wの設定は、例えば、種々の水分活性値wを有する組成物を、所望の水分活性値wとなるように、所定の配合割合で混合する方法、組成物に塩分、糖分などを溶解させ、自由水の量を下げる方法、組成物を乾燥または組成物に水を添加する方法、などによって設定される。なお、前記式(I)は、保管開始期間中の水分活性値wは一定であるとして生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を推定する。
水分活性値wの設定値は特に限定されないが、好ましくは0.6以内、より好ましくは0.10~0.40に設定される。水分活性値wが0.6以内であれば、組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と水分活性値wとの間に、強い相関性が認められるため、組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)をより正確に推定することができる。
1)対象とする特定の菌株を、少なくとも3種類の水分活性値wとなる粉末状組成物中にそれぞれ均一に混合することで、特定の菌株を含む組成物のサンプルを作製し、各サンプルを各々、更に複数(保管温度条件数×保管期間条件数)の水蒸気バリア性の容器に個包装して密封し、各水分活性値w毎に、複数の密封サンプルを得る。そして、各密封サンプルを、少なくとも3種類の保管温度(℃)で保管する。そして、少なくとも3時点の保管期間(日)における、組成物中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を測定する。
2)保管条件(保管温度(℃)、水分活性値)の異なる各サンプル中の特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の常用対数値をY軸、保管期間t(日)×1/30をX軸にして、保管期間中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)をプロットする。更に、これらのプロットから各保管条件の回帰直線を算出し、各保管条件における回帰直線の傾き(回帰係数)を死滅速度と定義する。
4)3)で得られた各保管温度(℃)の直線式の傾き(a)をY軸にするとともに、保管温度T(℃)をX軸にして、両者の関係をプロットし、このプロットから直線式を求め、得られた回帰直線の傾きAT、Y切片BTを算出する。
5)また、3)で得られた回帰直線の定数(b)をY軸にするとともに、保管温度T(℃)をX軸にして、両者の関係をプロットし、直線式を求め、得られた直線式の傾きCT、Y切片DTを算出する。
以上のようにして、前記1)~4)の実験により求めた特定の菌株毎のAT、BT、CT、DTを、前記式(I)に代入することで、特定の菌株毎の前記式(I)が導かれる。
サンプルに使う粉末状組成物としては、特に限定されないが、例えばコーンスターチなどの澱粉粉末、粉乳などが挙げられる。
サンプルの水分活性値wは、例えば、生澱粉と乾燥澱粉とを適宜混合して、所定の水分活性値wの粉末状組成物に調整すればよい。
サンプルの水分活性値wは、前述の通り、少なくとも3種類とするが、好ましくは4種類以上である。
サンプルの保管温度T(℃)は、好ましくは5~60℃に設定される。この温度範囲は、プロバイオティクス製品が保管される温度に即した温度であるとともに、この温度範囲であれば、保管温度(℃)と特定の菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)との間に強い相関関係が認められるので、より正確な生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の推定が行えるためである。
サンプル中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定は、保管開始から1~1,500日後に設定するのが好ましい。サンプル中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定を保管開始から1~1,500日後にて行うことで、保管期間に対する保管温度(℃)及び水分活性値wの相関関係をより正確に把握できる。
このように、あらかじめ特定の菌株毎の前記式(I)を導いておけば、特定の菌株を含むプロバイオティクス製品の開発において、保管試験を行わずとも、特定の菌株の保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を、特定の菌株毎の前記式(I)によって正確に推定できるため、プロバイオティクス製品の開発期間を短縮することが可能となる。
また、製品中の菌株を変更しても、その菌株の前記式(I)をあらかじめ算出しておけば、菌株の変更の度に保管試験を行わずとも、その特定の菌株毎の前記式(I)を用いて生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を正確に推定できるので、製品の開発期間を短縮できる。
同様に、前記式(I)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)、保管期間t(日)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、組成物の保管に必要な保管温度T(℃)を導くこともできる。
同様に、前記式(I)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる特定の菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)、保管温度T(℃)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、組成物の保管期間t(日)を導くこともできる。
すなわち、本発明の保証菌数の設定方法は、温度T’(℃)以下で保管した場合の保証期間t’(日)内の保証菌数N(CFU/g)を、次式(II)により設定する。
N=nt’×a・・・(II)
また、温度T’(℃)とは、プロバイオティクス製品を保管する際の指定温度である。
このように、本発明の保証菌数の設定方法によって、温度T’(℃)以下でプロバイオティクス製品を保管した際の、品質の保証期間内における製品に含まれる特定の菌株の保証菌数N(CFU/g)を導くことが可能である。
〔試験例-1 ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム ATCC BAA-999を用いた試験〕
<方法>
ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)ATCC BAA-999。(Bifidobacterium longum BB536、森永乳業社製。以下、B.longum BAA-999と略する。)の菌末を被験菌として試験に使用した。また、水分活性値wの異なる粉末を作製するために、生澱粉(コーンスターチ、水分活性値:0.6、日本食品加工社製。)と、乾燥澱粉(精製殺菌乾燥コーンスターチ、水分活性値:0.02、松谷化学社製。)とを様々な割合で混合することにより、7種類の水分活性値(w=0.04、0.10、0.16、0.21、0.32、0.40、及び0.57。)を有する澱粉粉末をそれぞれ作製した。
そして、1サンプル当たり、水蒸気バリア性を有するアルミ袋(PET/AL/PEの3層積層のフィルム製)を40袋用意し、各アルミ袋に前記サンプルを2~3g個包装し、ヒートシールにて密封した。そして、25℃、37℃、45℃、及び60℃の各温度(相対湿度成り行き。)に設定した4台の恒温槽(三洋電機社製)それぞれに、1サンプル当たり2~19袋ずつ入れ、保管を開始した。その後、アルミ袋に個包装した各サンプルについて、継時的に恒温槽から取り出し、各々生残菌数を測定した。ここで、保管温度25℃における保管期間(日)に対する各サンプルの生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定回数を表1に示す。また、保管温度37℃における保管期間(日)に対する各サンプルの生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定回数を表2に示す。また、保管温度45℃における保管期間(日)に対する各サンプルの生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定回数を表3に示す。また、保管温度60℃における保管期間(日)に対する各サンプルの生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定回数を表4に示す。また、生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定は、以下の1)~6)に示す手順で行った。
3)この懸濁液を、滅菌した9.9mlの生理食塩水で定法に従って希釈し、希釈液を作製した。
4)この希釈液を、ピペットを用いて0.1~1.0mlずつシャーレに分注した。更に、希釈液を分注したシャーレに、45~50℃の溶解されたBL寒天培地(日研化学社製またはニッスイ社製。血液は添加しない。)約20mlを添加して、希釈液をBL寒天培地で混釈した。
5)BL寒天培地が固化した後、クリーンベンチからシャーレを取り出し、できるだけ迅速にミックスガス(N2;80%、CO2;10%、H2;10%)を使用した嫌気ボックスにセットし、嫌気条件下、37℃で3日間、サンプルに生残する菌を静置培養した。
以上のようにして測定された、各保管温度(℃)における水分活性値wの異なる各サンプルの経時的な生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定結果について、保管温度25℃の場合を図1に、保管温度37℃の場合を図2に、保管温度45℃の場合を図3に、保管温度60℃の場合を図4に示す。なお、図1~4において、X軸を保管期間(日)×1/30、Y軸を生残菌数の常用対数値(Log10CFU/g)とした。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×k・・・・・(1)
nt:保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)。
n0:保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数(CFU/g)
t:保管期間(日)×1/30。
k:死滅速度(Log10CFU/g/月)。
k=(N0-Nt)/t・・・・・(2)
N0:n0の常用対数値、すなわちLog10n0。
Nt:ntの常用対数値、すなわちLog10nt。
これにより、B.longum BAA-999は、いずれの水分活性値wにおいても、その死滅速度kが保管温度(℃)に依存し、死滅速度kの自然対数値と保管温度(℃)とが比例関係にあることが分った。
Lnk=k’w+C・・・・・(3)
k’:図6で示される回帰直線から得られる直線の傾き(回帰係数)。
w:組成物の水分活性値。
C:図6で示される回帰直線のy切片。
Ln{(N0-Nt)/t}=k’w+C・・・・・(4)
更に、前記(4)式は、定義によって次式(5)になる。
(N0-Nt)/t=EXP(k‘w+C)・・・・・(5)
更に、前記式(5)を変化させて次式(6)が得られた。
Nt=N0-t×EXP(k’w+C)・・・・・(6)
このようにして、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の常用対数値(Nt=Log10nt)が、前記式(6)で表されることが判明した。
k’=0.1762×T+7.2137・・・・・(7)
C=0.18×T-11.178・・・・・(8)
T:保管温度(℃)
なお、前記式(7)は、前記式(I)に関する(k’=AT×T+BT)であり、前記式(8)は、前記式(I)に関する(C=CT×T+DT)である。つまり、この例では、AT=0.1762であり、BT=7.2137であり、CT=0.18であり、DT=11.178である。
Nt=N0-t×EXP{(0.1762×T+7.2137)w+(0.18×T-11.178)}・・・・・(9)
更に、Nt及びN0を変換して、最終的に次式(10)式が導き出された。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(0.1762×T+7.2137)w+(0.18×T-11.178)}・・・・・(10)
これにより、前記式(10)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管温度T(℃)、保管期間t(日)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、B.longum BAA-999の保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を推定できる。
<方法>
ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(Bifidobacterium breve)BCCM LMG 23729(Bifidobacterium breve M16V、森永乳業社製。以下、B.breve LMG 23729と略する。)の菌末を被験菌として使用し、かつ保管温度(℃)として5℃を加えたことと、及び生澱粉と乾燥澱粉の比率を変更することで、各サンプルの澱粉粉末の水分活性値wを下記表7に示すように変更した以外は、試験例-1と同様の方法で試験を行った。
<結果>
試験例-1と同様にサンプル中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を測定し、その生残性に関する回帰直線から、B.breve LMG 23729における各保管条件の死滅速度kを、表7の通り算出した。
Nt=N0-t×EXP(k’w+C)・・・・・(11)
k’=0.2396×T+4.5794・・・・・(12)
C=0.691×T-11.118・・・・・(13)
なお、前記式(12)は、前記式(I)に関する(k’=AT×T+BT)であり、前記式(13)は、前記式(I)に関する(C=CT×T+DT)である。つまり、この例では、AT=0.2396であり、BT=4.5794であり、CT=0.691であり、DT=-11.118である。
T:保管温度(℃)
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(0.2396×T+4.5794)w+(0.691×T-11.118)}・・・・・(14)
前記式(14)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれるB.breve LMG 23729の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管温度T(℃)、保管期間t(日)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を推定できる。
<方法>
ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)IFO 15861(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum M-602、森永乳業社製。以下、B.pseudolongum IFO 15861と略する。)の菌末を被験菌として使用したこと、また、生澱粉と乾燥澱粉の比率を変更することで、各サンプルの澱粉粉末の水分活性値wを下記表9に示すように変更した以外は、試験例-1と同様の方法で試験を行った。
試験例-1と同様にサンプル中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を測定し、その生残性に関する回帰直線から、B.pseudolongum IFO 15861における各保管条件の死滅速度kを表9の通り算出した。
Nt=N0-t×EXP(k’w+C)・・・・・(15)
k’=0.1409×T+9.2317・・・・・(16)
C=0.1614×T-11.33・・・・・(17)
なお、前記式(16)は、前記式(I)に関する(k’=AT×T+BT)であり、前記式(17)は、前記式(I)に関する(C=CT×T+DT)である。つまり、この例では、AT=0.1409であり、BT=9.2317であり、CT=0.1614であり、DT=-11.33である。
T:保管温度(℃)
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(0.1409×T+9.2317)w+(0.1614×T-11.33)}・・・・・(18)
前記式(18)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれるB.pseudolongum IFO 15861の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管温度T(℃)、保管期間t(日)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を推定できる。
<方法>
ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラス(Lactobacillus acidophilus IFO-15862(Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC-300、森永乳業社製。以下、L.acidophilus LAC-300と略する。)の菌末を被検菌として使用し、かつ保管温度(℃)を25℃ではなく30℃にしたこと、生澱粉と乾燥澱粉の比率を変更することで、各サンプルの澱粉粉末の水分活性値wを下記表11に示すように変更したこと、生残菌数nt(CFU/g)の測定時に嫌気条件下ではなく好気条件下で培養したこと以外は、試験例―1と同様の方法で試験を行った。
試験例-1と同様にサンプル中の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を測定し、その生残性に関する回帰直線から、L.acidophilus LAC-300における各保管条件の死滅速度kを、表11の通りに算出した。
Nt=N0-t×EXP(k’w+C)・・・・・(19)
k’=0.1669×T+8.6621・・・・・(20)
C=0.1839×T-11.327・・・・・(21)
なお、前記式(20)は前記式(I)に関する(k’=AT×T+BT)であり、前記式(21)は、前記式(I)に関する(C=CT×T+DT)である。つまり、この例では、AT=0.1669であり、BT=8.6621であり、CT=0.1839であり、DT=-11.327である。
T:保管温度(℃)
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(0.1669×T+8.6621)w+(0.1839×T-11.327)}・・・・・(22)
前記式(22)を用いれば、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれるL.acidophilus LAC-300の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、保管温度T(℃)、保管期間t(日)、及び水分活性値wを決定することで、保管期間t(日)後の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を推定できる。
本発明の保証菌数の設定方法を用いれば、品質の保証期間内におけるプロバイオティクス製品中の特定の菌株の保証菌数を導くことが可能である。
まず、生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、菌株の種類の情報と、前記菌株についての上述した実験を行なったときの保管条件、及び、その実験結果である、前記菌株を含有する組成物の保管温度(℃)及び水分活性値wと、前記組成物の保管期間(日)と、前記保管期間後の組成物に含まれる生菌数nt(CFU/g)との情報の入力を受ける。
さらに、定数係数算出部12は、第2の回帰直線の傾き(a)をY軸、保管温度T(℃)をX軸としたときの第3の回帰直線式(図7参照)を算出し、この第3の回帰直線の傾きをAT、Y切片をBTとして得る。
続いて、定数係数算出部12は、第2の回帰直線の定数(b)をY軸、保管温度T(℃)をX軸としたときの第4の回帰直線(図8参照)を算出し、この第4の回帰直線式の傾きをCT、Y切片をDTとして得る。
生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、生残菌数算出条件情報、すなわち、菌の種類と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、組成物の水分活性値wとの情報の入力を受ける。
算出部14は、入力された菌の種類の情報に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを記憶部13から読み出すと、読み出したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力された生残菌数算出条件情報で示される、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、組成物の水分活性値wとを代入し、保存期間t(日)後に組成物に含まれる微生物の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を算出する。
出力指示部15は、算出部14により算出された、保存期間後に組成物に含まれる微生物の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)、及び、保証菌数N(CFU/g)の情報を出力する。
生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、保管期間算出条件情報、すなわち、菌の種類と、保管期間後に前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、組成物の水分活性値wとの情報の入力を受ける。
算出部14は、入力された菌の種類の情報に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを記憶部13から読み出すと、読み出したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力された保保管期間算出条件情報で示される、保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、組成物の水分活性値wとを代入し、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)を算出する。
出力指示部15は、算出部14により算出された菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)の情報を出力する。
生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、保管開始時生菌数算出条件情報、すなわち、菌の種類と、保管期間後に前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、組成物の水分活性値wとの情報の入力を受ける。
算出部14は、入力された菌の種類の情報に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを記憶部13から読み出すと、読み出したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力された保管開始時生菌数算出条件情報で示される、保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)と、組成物の水分活性値wとを代入し、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)を算出する。
出力指示部15は、算出部14により算出された保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)の情報を出力する。
生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、保管温度算出条件情報、すなわち、菌の種類と、保管期間後に前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の水分活性値wとの情報の入力を受ける。
算出部14は、入力された菌の種類の情報に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを記憶部13から読み出すと、読み出したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力された保管温度算出条件情報で示される、保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の水分活性値wとを代入し、組成物の保管温度(℃)を算出する。
出力指示部15は、算出部14により算出された組成物の保管温度(℃)の情報を出力する。
生残菌数推定装置1の入力受付部11は、水分活性値算出条件情報、すなわち、菌の種類と、保管期間後に前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)との情報の入力を受ける。
算出部14は、入力された菌の種類の情報に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを記憶部13から読み出すと、読み出したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力された水分活性値算出条件情報で示される、保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)と、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)と、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(日)と、組成物の保管温度(℃)とを代入し、組成物の水分活性値wを算出する。
出力指示部15は、算出部14により算出された組成物の水分活性値wの情報を出力する。
同図において、まず、生残菌数推定装置1の入力部により、菌の種類及び算出対象に対応したタブT1~T5を選択する。図においては、タブT1により、菌の種類としてビフィズス菌を、算出対象として保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数(生残菌数予測)を選択した場合を示す。
同図には、さらに、組成物の保管温度(℃)を入力するためのフィールドA1、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数(初期添加菌数)n0(CFU/g)を入力するための入力フィールドA2、組成物の水分活性値を入力するための入力フィールドA3、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(月)を入力するための入力フィールドA4が表示されている。ユーザが、生残菌数推定装置1の入力部により、入力フィールドA1~A4に数値を入力すると、生残菌数推定装置1の算出部14は、選択された菌の種類、ここでは、ビフィズス菌に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力フィールドA1~A4に入力された値を代入することにより、保存期間後に組成物に含まれる微生物の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を算出し、出力指示部15は、その算出結果を表示フィールドA5に表示させる。ビフィズス菌に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)として、例えば、試験例-1の式(10)を用いることができる。
同図においては、出力指示部15はさらに、算出部14が(保存期間後に組成物に含まれる微生物の生残菌数)/(保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数)により算出した予測生残率を表示フィールドA6に表示させ、算出部14が式(II)により算出した保証菌数N(CFU/g)を表示フィールドA7に表示させる。
同図においては、生残菌数推定装置1の入力部によりタブT11を選択し、菌の種類としてL.acidophilus LAC-300を、算出対象として保管期間後に組成物に含まれる菌株の生残菌数(生残菌数予測)を選択した場合を示す。
ユーザは、生残菌数推定装置1の入力部により、組成物の保管温度(℃)を入力するためのフィールドA11、保管開始時の組成物に含まれる菌株の生菌数(初期添加菌数)n0(CFU/g)を入力するための入力フィールドA12、組成物の水分活性値を入力するための入力フィールドA13、菌株を含有する組成物の保管期間(月)を入力するための入力フィールドA14に数値を入力する。これにより、生残菌数推定装置1の算出部14は、選択された菌の種類、ここでは、L.acidophilus LAC-300に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)に、入力フィールドA11~A14に入力された値を代入し、保存期間後に組成物に含まれる微生物の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を算出し、出力指示部15は、その算出結果を表示フィールドA15に表示させる。L.acidophilus LAC-300に対応したAT、BT、CT、DTを用いた式(I)として、例えば、試験例-4の式(22)を用いることができる。
出力指示部15はさらに、予測生残率を表示フィールドA16に表示させ、保証菌数N(CFU/g)を表示フィールドA17に表示させる。
また、「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、フレキシブルディスク、光磁気ディスク、ROM、CD-ROM等の可搬媒体、コンピュータシステムに内蔵されるハードディスク等の記憶装置のことをいう。さらに「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、インターネット等のネットワークや電話回線等の通信回線を介してプログラムを送信する場合の通信線のように、短時間の間、動的にプログラムを保持するもの、その場合のサーバやクライアントとなるコンピュータシステム内部の揮発性メモリのように、一定時間プログラムを保持しているものも含むものとする。また上記プログラムは、前述した機能の一部を実現するためのものであっても良く、さらに前述した機能をコンピュータシステムにすでに記録されているプログラムとの組み合わせで実現できるものであっても良い。
水分活性値0.25のスキムミルク(森永乳業社製)に森永乳業社製B.longum BAA-999の菌末を、粉乳中に1×108(CFU/g)個/gとなる様に添加し、保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数n0(CFU/g)が1×108(CFU/g)のビフィズス菌含有粉乳を作製し、このビフィズス菌含有粉乳をアルミ袋にヒートシールした。一方、B.longum BAA-999の生残性を試験例-1に従って求め、以下の関係式を得た。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(0.1762×T+7.2137)w+(0.18×T-11.178)}・・・・・(23)
Log10n18=Log10(1×108)-18×EXP{(0.1762×25+7.2137)×0.25+(0.18×25-11.178)}
そして、この式から、n18=3.9×107が得られた。したがって、実施例1の水分活性値0.25のビフィズス菌含有粉乳を、25℃で保管した場合、保管開始時から18ヵ月後の生残菌数n18(CFU/g)は、3.9×107(CFU/g)であることが推定された。
N=nt’×a・・・(24)
11…入力受付部
12…定数係数算出部
13…記憶部
14…算出部
15…出力指示部
Claims (11)
- 特定の菌株を含有する組成物を保管した際の前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)を次式(I)によって推定することを特徴とする生残菌数推定方法。
Log10nt=Log10n0-t×EXP{(AT×T+BT)w+(CT×T+DT)}・・・(I)
t:保管期間(日)×1/30。
nt:保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数(CFU/g)。
n0:保管開始時の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生菌数(CFU/g)。
T:保管温度(℃)。
w:組成物の水分活性値。
AT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
BT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。
CT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の係数。
DT:実験により求めた前記菌株特有の定数。 - 前記菌株が、ビフィズス菌または乳酸菌に属する請求項1に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(Bifidobacterium breve)、及びビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)のいずれか一種のビフィズス菌である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ロンガム(Bifidobacterium longum)ATCC BAA-999である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ブレベ(Bifidobacterium breve)BCCM LMG 23729である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ビフィドバクテリウム・シュードロンガム(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)IFO 15861である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ラクトバチルス・ガセリ(Lactobacillus gasseri)、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィルス(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス(Lactobacillus ramnosus)、ラクトバチルス・プランタラム(Lactobacillus plantrum)、及びエンテロコッカス・ファシウム(Enteroccus faecium)のいずれか一種の乳酸菌である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記菌株が、ラクトバチルス・アシドフィラス(Lactobacillus acidophilus) IFO-15862 (Lactobacillus acidophilus LAC-300)である請求項2に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記水分活性値wが、0.6以下である請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 前記保管温度T(℃)が、25℃~60℃である請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法。
- 温度T’(℃)以下で保管した場合の保証期間t’(日)内の保証菌数N(CFU/g)を、次式(II)により設定することを特徴とする保証菌数の設定方法。
N=nt’×a・・・(II)
nt’:請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の生残菌数推定方法によって推定した保管期間t(日)後の前記組成物に含まれる前記菌株の生残菌数nt(CFU/g)であって、保管温度T(℃)をT’(℃)とし、保管期間t(日)をt’(日)としたときのnt(CFU/g)。
a:1未満の定数。
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| EP09754815.0A EP2295597B1 (en) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-29 | Method of estimating surviving bacteria count and method of setting guaranteed bacteria count |
| US12/995,064 US8700373B2 (en) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-05-29 | Method for estimating survival cell count, and method for setting guaranteed cell count |
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| WO2011114916A1 (ja) * | 2010-03-18 | 2011-09-22 | 森永乳業株式会社 | 貧血の予防又は治療用組成物 |
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| CN112259158A (zh) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-22 | 青岛蔚蓝生物股份有限公司 | 一种在食品热处理加工过程中益生菌存活量的预测模型 |
| CN112259158B (zh) * | 2020-09-16 | 2023-03-28 | 青岛蔚蓝生物股份有限公司 | 一种在食品热处理加工过程中益生菌存活量的预测模型 |
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| DK2295597T3 (en) | 2016-08-22 |
| EP2295597A4 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| MY156729A (en) | 2016-03-15 |
| JPWO2009145307A1 (ja) | 2011-10-20 |
| US20110112813A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
| JP5409617B2 (ja) | 2014-02-05 |
| EP2295597A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
| EP2295597B1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
| US8700373B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
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