WO2009149720A1 - Application sur le terrain de la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme faisant appel à un extrait formulé photoactif - Google Patents

Application sur le terrain de la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme faisant appel à un extrait formulé photoactif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009149720A1
WO2009149720A1 PCT/EG2008/000019 EG2008000019W WO2009149720A1 WO 2009149720 A1 WO2009149720 A1 WO 2009149720A1 EG 2008000019 W EG2008000019 W EG 2008000019W WO 2009149720 A1 WO2009149720 A1 WO 2009149720A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
larvae
safe
sunlight
vector control
photosensitizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EG2008/000019
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English (en)
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WO2009149720A8 (fr
Inventor
Mahmoud Haslem Abdel-Kader
Tarek Abd Allah El-Tayeb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Co (INRAD)
Original Assignee
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Co (INRAD)
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Publication date
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Priority to PCT/EG2008/000019 priority Critical patent/WO2009149720A1/fr
Publication of WO2009149720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009149720A1/fr
Publication of WO2009149720A8 publication Critical patent/WO2009149720A8/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
    • A01N25/006—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits insecticidal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • DDT DDT
  • DDT is one of the 12 chemicals that are identified as persistent organic pollutants. Therefore, its production and use is strictly restricted by an international agreement known as the Swedish Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. It is already totally prohibited by many industrialized countries, and the United Nations Environmental program is now negotiating for the global ban of DDT (WHO Report 2007). While it was not possible to resolve this dilemma, and until it is well proven that the risks outweigh the benefits, the WHO declared a cautious position from DDT.
  • the photosensitizer used in the formula is approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and exhibits several advantages; it can be extracted as a natural product from green plants. It is rapidly photodegraded upon exposure to sunlight, it is used in very low concentrations (ppm) and it is easy to be applied in the field by dissolving it in an aquatic environment and it is highly effective as it ensures 100% mortality rate of the mosquito larvae.
  • FDA Food and Drug Administration
  • the third instars mosquito larvae of lab experiment ⁇ Culex pipiens, Aedes egypti and Anopheles sp.) was obtained from the Medical Insects Institute, Health Ministry, Cairo, Egypt.
  • Optical absorption and emission spectra were recorded by means of a Perkin Elmer Lambda 40 double beam spectrophotometer.
  • a Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (LSM 410, Zeiss, Germany) was used for fluorescence and lifetime measurements in the larvae tissues.
  • the values of irradiance of natural sun or solar simulator were measured on three Channels Eldonet Dosimeter (Real Time Co., Germany). This instrument has an ability to measure the irradiance of UV-B (280-315 nm), UV-A (315-400 nm) and Visible light (400-700 nm). These can be measured on the terrestrial surface or under water. The resolution of the instrument is:
  • the analog data are converted (12 Bit A/D conversion) and processed by the digital output (RS232) for automatic computer measurements, compatible with any PC computer with serial port.
  • the source of artificial light was represented by an ORIEL CORPORATION Solar simulator equipped with a 1000- Watt Xenon lamp, which has nearly the same light spectrum of sunlight.
  • the required concentration of SAFE in the treated site was prepared by adding the appropriate amount of the stock solution to the treated site according to the volume of the water in this site. Treated swamps were exposed to direct sunlight all over the day time in the actual natural conditions. Estimation of SAFE concentrations in vivo:
  • the concentrations of the photosensitizer inside the tissues of larvae were determined by measuring the fluorescence intensity after excitation with 488 nm, emitted by the internal argon laser for LSM 410. The emission signal was detected using an external spectrometer coupled to the LSM 410. The lifetime of the photosensitizer inside the tissues of larvae was measured after excitation with 398 nm using 70 ps LDH-C 400 short Pulsed Diode Laser, PicoQuant, Germany.
  • the effect of SAFE formula concentration, total light dose and irradiation time were monitored on the larvae of mosquitoes by measuring the survival percent at selected time intervals after the insects were fed in the specific medium and then were exposed to light. The results were compared with a control group subjected to the same treatment protocol except that the feeding medium did not contain the SAFE.
  • Fig. (1):- shows the effect of different concentrations from 10 "5 up to 9 x 10 "5 mol dm "3 on the larvae of Culex pipiens after 30 minutes exposure to sunlight (for each concentration a group of 20 larvae per replicate was used). No survival was observed during exposure, when the concentration of 9 x 10 "5 mol dm "3 was used. On the other hand, the other concentrations caused less than 20% survival up to 60 hours after irradiation. The control group, which was fed in a normal feeding medium (without SAFE), showed 100% survival even after three days.
  • Fig. (2):- shows that the photosensitizer accumulation by larvae gradually increases with increasing SAFE concentration in the feeding medium.
  • the accumulation showed a particularly steep increase in the concentration range of 5 to 7 x 10 "5 mol dm "3 , and underwent a slower increase at higher concentrations, at least up to 9 x 10 "5 mol dm "3 .
  • Fig. (3):- illustrates the effect of different irradiances from the solar simulator on the survival on Culex pipiens larvae in the presence of 5 x 10 "5 mol dm "3 photosensitizer.
  • the difference in survival between the highest and lowest irradiance were less than 20% after 60 hours. This result can be attributed to the higher sensitivity toward the light in the photosensitization process.
  • CLSM provided three sources of information: fluorescence images, fluorescence spectra and fluorescence lifetimes of the inside the organs and tissues of mosquitoes larvae. Fluorescence images shown in (Fig. 4a- c) demonstrate the extent of photosensitizer accumulation as a function of incubation time.
  • FIG. 4a the incubation time 6 hours of SAFE accumulation seemed to be very high and initiated blocking and swelling of the alimentary canal. The accumulation caused stress on the walls of the alimentary canal. Some amount of the photosensitizer diffused outside to the hemolymph . After an incubation period of 17 hours, large amounts of photosensitizer disappeared (Fig. 4b) and the alimentary canal volume decreased. (Fig. 4c) shows a larva incubated in SAFE free medium. Fluorescence images of Culex pipiens larva microtome sections demonstrate the extent of damage by singlet oxygen.
  • Fig.(5)A illustrates a transversal section of Culex pipiens larva incubated for 6 hours with photosensitizer and left in the dark until sections were prepared and CLSM was performed. SAFE fluorescence appeared inside and outside the alimentary canal. A similar transversal section in another larva incubated for 6 hours and exposed to 350 W/m 2 for a period of 20 minutes as shown in (Fig. 5b). No specific fluorescence accumulation could still be detected.
  • Fig. (6) shows CLSM optical slices for the foregut of Culex pipiens larva.
  • Fluorescence spectra measurement inside the tissues of Anopheles larvae is a quantitative method for estimating the accumulated SAFE at any time of incubation and after the light exposure. These are very important measurements for field application to optimize the parameters of the photochemical processes for our own target and to save the non-targets which are living in the same infected swamp (target selectivity) (Fig 9 & 10). Fluorescence lifetime measurements at definite spots inside the tissues of Culex pipiens, Anopheles sp., and Aedes egypti larvae provided a good estimation of the distribution ratio of aggregated and non- aggregated forms of the photosensitizer.
  • Lifetime measurements of spots inside the larvae were determined to be 1.5 ⁇ 1.04 ns for the 6 hours incubation period and 1 1.9 ⁇ 3.3 ns for 17 hours incubation period.
  • the data were obtained by monoexponential fitting. The differences may be attributed to the different ratio of aggregated and non-aggregated forms of SAFE.
  • Fig. 11 shows the effect of photosensitizer on the mosquito larvae ⁇ Culex, Anopheles and Aedes ) which was exposed to sunlight and the results were collected after 2 hours from sunlight exposure onset.
  • Fig. (12, a-d):- shows the site of the field application in Kampala, Kenya

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une modalité inédite de lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme combinant à la fois efficacité et efficience et niveaux élevés d'innocuité pour l'être humain comme pour l'environnement. Le caractère innovant du présent brevet tient à la mise au point d'une nouvelle technologie écologiquement sûre faisant appel à un extrait de plante naturel (un dérivé photoactif de la porphyrine) et à un attractif pour larves de moustique (levure autolysée) sous la forme d'un extrait formulé photoactif (SAFE) qui permet de lutter contre trois espèces différentes de larves de moustiques (Anopheles, Aedes et Culex). Dans ce contexte, le composé photoactif accumulé (photosensibilisateur) dans le corps des larves induit, suite à une exposition à la lumière du soleil, un stress oxydatif entraînant la mort de l'organisme. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que le SAFE est hautement efficace puisqu'il entraîne 100 % de mortalité chez les larves de moustiques. L'efficacité de l'accumulation de SAFE dans le corps des larves a été étudiée tant d'un point de vue qualitatif que quantitatif par la technique de la microscopie confocale à balayage laser (CLSM).
PCT/EG2008/000019 2008-06-12 2008-06-12 Application sur le terrain de la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme faisant appel à un extrait formulé photoactif Ceased WO2009149720A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EG2008/000019 WO2009149720A1 (fr) 2008-06-12 2008-06-12 Application sur le terrain de la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme faisant appel à un extrait formulé photoactif

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EG2008/000019 WO2009149720A1 (fr) 2008-06-12 2008-06-12 Application sur le terrain de la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme faisant appel à un extrait formulé photoactif

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WO2009149720A1 true WO2009149720A1 (fr) 2009-12-17
WO2009149720A8 WO2009149720A8 (fr) 2010-02-11

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITRM20100524A1 (it) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-09 Ct Nat De Rech Scient Ifique Et Tech Composizione comprendente un larvicida fotoattivabile
WO2017181138A1 (fr) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-19 Leishvac Llc Insecticides photodynamiques
WO2018019353A1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Inrad For Scientific Research Formule de photosensibilisation contenant de la siméthicone et de la chlorophylle en tant que larvicide et pupicide respectueux de l'environnement

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5091385A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-02-25 Baylor Research Institute Pre-activated therapeutic agents derived from photoactive compounds

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5091385A (en) * 1988-09-30 1992-02-25 Baylor Research Institute Pre-activated therapeutic agents derived from photoactive compounds

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
THAMEUR ET AL.: "Sunlight-activated insecticides: historical background and mechanisms of phototoxic activity", INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, vol. 30, no. 10, October 2000 (2000-10-01), pages 915 - 925 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITRM20100524A1 (it) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-09 Ct Nat De Rech Scient Ifique Et Tech Composizione comprendente un larvicida fotoattivabile
WO2012046214A2 (fr) 2010-10-08 2012-04-12 Universita´ Degli Studi Di Camerino Composition comprenant un larvicide photoactivable
WO2012046214A3 (fr) * 2010-10-08 2012-06-21 Universita´ Degli Studi Di Camerino Composition comprenant un larvicide photoactivable
WO2017181138A1 (fr) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-19 Leishvac Llc Insecticides photodynamiques
WO2018019353A1 (fr) 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 Inrad For Scientific Research Formule de photosensibilisation contenant de la siméthicone et de la chlorophylle en tant que larvicide et pupicide respectueux de l'environnement

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