WO2010072626A1 - Convertisseur de tension continue-continue comportant une capacite de pompe de charge - Google Patents
Convertisseur de tension continue-continue comportant une capacite de pompe de charge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010072626A1 WO2010072626A1 PCT/EP2009/067223 EP2009067223W WO2010072626A1 WO 2010072626 A1 WO2010072626 A1 WO 2010072626A1 EP 2009067223 W EP2009067223 W EP 2009067223W WO 2010072626 A1 WO2010072626 A1 WO 2010072626A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- star
- terminal
- switch
- converter
- control means
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1588—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of energy conversion and more particularly DC-DC voltage converters, well known to those skilled in the art under their English name “DC-DC” for "Direct Current - Direct Current”; we therefore speak classically of DC-DC converters.
- the invention aims more specifically at optimizing on-board DC-DC converters in a motor vehicle to obtain, at the output of the converters, stable voltages by limiting the conversion losses.
- DC-DC converters can be used in various electronic equipment of a motor vehicle. Their function is to convert an input voltage (for example 24V) into a lower output voltage (for example 12V), in order to power equipment of the motor vehicle.
- Energy saving systems known by their English name “stop and start", limiting the energy consumption during driving in the city by automatically stopping the engine when the vehicle is stopped, require electric power important.
- the voltage of the vehicle's usual vehicle 12V-14V is no longer suitable for this type of system when the engine is of large displacement (> 1.6L). This type of system requires higher voltages (for example 24V).
- the converter is used to transform the voltage used by the "stop and start” system (24V) into 12V voltage and thus power the equipment of the motor vehicle.
- a DC-DC converter also known as a "chopper” is a power electronics device implementing one or more switches, controlled by controllers, to cut the main voltage into a value output voltage. weaker.
- the chopping, or hashing, is done at a very high frequency to limit the size of the converter as well as the internal filter elements to the converter. The voltage thus produced is continuous.
- a DC-DC converter is in the form of a voltage conversion circuit comprising an input terminal, to which the input voltage is applied, an output terminal, on which the voltage is taken. output, and a mass, the circuit forming a star with three branches with a center.
- the input branch of the circuit connecting the center of the star with the input terminal, comprises a switch, referred to as the upper switch T1.
- the ground branch of the circuit connecting the center of the star with the mass, comprises a diode, said lower diode D2.
- the output branch, connecting the center of the star with the output terminal comprises an inductor L in which flows an output current IL.
- the function of the diode D2 is to allow the current to pass or to block it depending on the state of the switch T1.
- the upper switch T1 known to those skilled in the art under its English name "High Side”, is generally in the form of a transistor (MOSFET / bipolar transistor) which is controlled individually by a controller, connected to its terminals. , not shown in Figure 1.
- a controller connected to its terminals. , not shown in Figure 1.
- the upper switch T1 is connected, on one side, to the input terminal (value voltage that is desired to chop), and on the other hand, to the center of the star whose electrical potential is variable. Due to the variations of the electric potential at the center of the star, which is the reference potential of the supply of the controller of the upper switch T1, this power supply is not sufficiently stable.
- a "Boot Strap Capacitor” converter comprises, in addition to the input terminal, the output terminal and the ground, a control terminal connected to the center of the star by a branch control.
- a control module 1 of the upper switch T1 is connected in parallel with the charge pump capacitor C in the control branch of the converter, as shown in FIG. 2.
- Va the potential of the center of the star
- Ue the potential of the input terminal
- the charge pump capacity C supplies the module 1 (the capacity is discharged).
- the control module can then fulfill its function of controlling the upper switch T1.
- the output current IL can not cancel instantaneously in the inductor L, it is the diode D2 which becomes conductive.
- the potential at the center of the star (Va) is grounded.
- the current in the capacitance decreases.
- module 1 which is also the potential at the center of the star is found connected to the mass.
- the supply of the module 1 is made by the voltage Ud through the diode Dc (which is conducting) and the resistor R. At the same time, the capacitor C recharges.
- the purpose of the resistor R is to limit the charging current of the capacitor C.
- the charging time of the capacitor C may be too short, preventing a full recharge of the capacitor C. This disturbs the control of the chopping of the voltage input when the capacitor C is to supply the control module 1 of the DC-DC converter. After many charge / discharge cycles, the charge pump capacity C may not be sufficiently charged to power the control module.
- One of the aims of the invention is to guarantee the charging time of the charge pump capacity in order to optimize the hashing of the voltage.
- a DC-DC voltage converter includes an input terminal, an output terminal, a control terminal, and a ground forming a four-branch star circuit with a center terminal, an input voltage being intended to be applied between the input terminal and the ground, the converter comprising:
- an upper switch mounted in the branch of the star connecting the input terminal with the center terminal of the star, arranged to be controlled in opening and closing to chop the input voltage
- a lower switch mounted in the star branch connecting the center terminal of the star to ground, arranged to be controlled opening and closing;
- control means are arranged to close the lower switch in order to impose a zero electric potential on the star's center terminal when the upper switch is open, in order to force the charging of the charge pump capacity.
- the charge pump capacity is sufficiently charged when it has to feed the control module of the upper switch.
- the control means thus fulfill a hash control function and a capacity load function which guarantees the quality of the hash.
- These control means may be in the form of an individual control module for each switch, or a single module integrating the two controls.
- the charge pump capacity is arranged to maintain a voltage range which is generally 10 to 15 V across the control means of the upper switch.
- the charge of the charge pump capacity is not dependent on the value of the output current, since the reference potential is maintained, when the upper switch is open, to a perfectly zero value ensuring fast and efficient charging of the output current. the capacity.
- the converter comprises an inductance mounted in the branch of the star connecting the output terminal to the center terminal of the star, an output current flowing in said inductor.
- the control module closes the lower switch for a predetermined charging time of the capacitance.
- the output current decreases gradually. If the lower switch is also open, the current naturally stabilizes at the zero value, the potential of the center terminal of the star then being floating. But if the control module keeps the lower switch closed to impose a zero electrical potential at the center terminal of the star, the output current does not stabilize at its zero value during its decline (due to the lower switch always closed) and can take negative values.
- control module only requires closing of the lower switch (and therefore the forced load of the charge pump capacity) when the output current is positive, the output current remains positive, the forced load being stopped before it reaches zero. The output current then stabilizes at the zero value and the reference potential remains at a potential (floating).
- control module imposes a zero electrical potential at the center terminal of the star immediately after the opening of the upper switch.
- the invention also relates to a control method of the converter defined above, in which the control module is programmed to close the lower switch to impose a zero electrical potential at the center terminal of the star when the upper switch is open, in order to force the charge of the charge pump capacity.
- the invention also relates to a method of programming a control module for the converter defined above, in which the module is programmed to close the lower switch to impose a zero electrical potential at the center terminal of the star when the upper switch is open, to force the charging of the charge pump capacity.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a half-bridge converter according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a converter according to the prior art with a charge pump capacity and a control circuit
- FIG. 3 shows schematically the converter circuit of the invention with a lower switch controlled by the control module
- FIG. 4 represents a timing diagram in which the value of the electrical potentials of different points of the circuit of FIG. 3 and the value of the output current are represented as a function of the different positions of the switches, the control module ordering the opening of the lower switch when the output current in the inductor is negative;
- FIG. 5 shows a timing diagram in which the control module orders the opening of the lower switch when the output current in the inductor is positive.
- the invention relates to a DC-DC voltage converter, said DC-DC, such as those embedded in a motor vehicle.
- a converter is a device comprising a conversion circuit for converting a voltage to another voltage or intensity.
- the circuit of a converter comprises an input terminal E, an output terminal S, a control terminal D and a ground M forming a four-branch star circuit with a center terminal O .
- the conversion circuit of the converter comprises an upper switch T1, known to those skilled in the art under its English name "High Side”, mounted in the branch of the star connecting the input terminal E with the center terminal of the star O, the upper switch T1 being arranged to be controlled opening and closing, that is to say to move between an open position and a closed position.
- the conversion circuit also comprises a lower switch T2, known to those skilled in the art under its English name “Low Side”, mounted in the branch of the star connecting the mass M with the center terminal of the star O, also arranged to be controlled opening and closing.
- An input voltage Ue in this case 24V, is imposed between the input terminal E and the circuit ground.
- the upper switches T1 and lower T2 are here in the form of transistors of the MOSFET or bipolar or IGBT type. They are each coupled to an upper current diode D1 and lower D2, respectively.
- the upper diodes D1 and lower D2 are each connected in parallel to said upper switches T1 and lower T2.
- the conversion circuit comprises an inductance L, mounted in the branch of the star connecting the output terminal S with the center terminal of the star O, an output current IL flowing in said inductor L.
- the function of the converter of voltage is to provide at its output terminal an output current IL for a consumer of current or a voltage that can be taken from the output terminal S.
- the inductor here is in the form of a coil L but any other current consumer could also be suitable.
- the conversion circuit further comprises a control module 10 for the upper switch T1 mounted in the branch of the star connecting the control terminal D with the center terminal of the star O, and a module 20 for controlling the lower switch T2.
- the control modules 10, 20 form means for controlling the switches T1, T2.
- Each control module 10, 20 is here a transistor "driver” and a programmable logic circuit, better known by its English name FPGA for "field- programmable gate array", is used to send the logic signal to the module
- the control module 10 is powered by a control voltage Ud applied between the control terminal D of the conversion circuit and its mass M.
- a control module must use a reference to control elements; as indicated previously, the control module 10 of the conversion circuit uses as reference the electric potential Va of the center terminal of the star O, which is floating.
- the conversion circuit also comprises a charge pump capacitor C, connected in parallel with the control module 10 on the control branch. control of the converter.
- a resistor R and a charge diode Dc are connected in series in the control branch between the control terminal D and the parallel association of the control module 10 and the charge pump capacity. C.
- the charging diode Dc advantageously prevents a current from flowing to the control terminal, the resistor R regulating the value of the current in the control branch.
- the control module 10 of the conversion circuit of the invention is arranged to force the charging of the charge pump capacitor C during the opening of the upper switch T1, by imposing a zero electric potential on the reference potential Va .
- control module 10 closes the lower switch T2, after opening the upper switch T1, during a recovery period t to recharge the charge pump capacity C.
- potential reference Va is connected to the mass of the conversion circuit, imposing the forced load of the charge pump capacity C.
- the closing period of the upper switch T1 is designated by the expression “positive hash period M1" and the opening period of the upper switch T1 by the expression “period of negative hash Nl ".
- the control module 10 is configured so that the switching period t com is as short as possible.
- the commutation period t com is not zero in order to limit the risk of short circuit which would occur if the switches T1 and T2 were closed simultaneously.
- the reference potential Va is connected to the ground of the conversion circuit for a t r p ecu recovery period during which the charge pump capacitor C is charging.
- This recovery period t reCup is dimensioned so that the charge pump capacity C can be fully recharged.
- the control of the upper switch T1 can be carried out extremely precisely, the load pump capacity C compensating for potential variations. Go to the center terminal of the star O.
- the control of the switch T2 by the control module 10 thus optimizes the load of the charge pump capacity C, so the control of the upper switch Tl and, consequently, the quality of the hashing and therefore of the voltage conversion.
- the reference electrical potential Va is equal to the potential of the input terminal E of the circuit, since the upper diode D1 is bandwidth.
- the output current IL becomes zero in the inductance L, the upper diode D1 is blocking and the reference electric potential Va becomes floating.
- the control module 10 controls the closing of the lower switch T2 only when the output current IL is positive in the inductor L; in other words, it controls the reopening of the switch T2 before the output current IL has reached its zero value.
- the lower switch T2 is closed for a period of time t re C u p2 during which the output current IL in the inductor L is always positive.
- control module 10 controls the closing of the lower switch T2 immediately after the opening of the upper switch T1, which makes it possible to optimize the duration during which the lower switch T2 can be closed and the current of output remain positive.
- the switch T2 is closed during a recovery period t recUp corresponding to the minimum charging time of the charge pump capacity. C. By limiting the closing time of the switch T2, it further limits the risk of making the output current negative values.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801555616A CN102301575A (zh) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | 包括电荷泵电容器的dc到dc电压转换器 |
| EP09795402.8A EP2380267B1 (fr) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | Convertisseur de tension continue-continue comportant une capacité de pompe de charge |
| US13/141,111 US8587277B2 (en) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | DC to DC voltage converter comprising a charge pump capacitor |
| JP2011541398A JP5543487B2 (ja) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | チャージポンプコンデンサを備えるdc−dc電圧コンバータ |
| BRPI0923464A BRPI0923464A2 (pt) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | conversor de tensão contínua-contínua e processos de comando do conversor e de programação de meios de comando para o conversor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0807267A FR2944396B1 (fr) | 2008-12-22 | 2008-12-22 | Convertisseur de tension continue-continue comportant une capacite de pompe de charge |
| FR08/07267 | 2008-12-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010072626A1 true WO2010072626A1 (fr) | 2010-07-01 |
Family
ID=40671379
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2009/067223 Ceased WO2010072626A1 (fr) | 2008-12-22 | 2009-12-15 | Convertisseur de tension continue-continue comportant une capacite de pompe de charge |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8587277B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2380267B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5543487B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN102301575A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0923464A2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2944396B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2010072626A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2014087609A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-03 | 2017-01-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Dc/dcコンバータ |
| US9627962B2 (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2017-04-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Fast blocking switch |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19946025A1 (de) * | 1999-09-25 | 2001-03-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zur Stromversorgung einer Ansteuerschaltung für ein getaktetes Schaltnetzteil |
| US20050168206A1 (en) * | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-04 | International Rectifier Corporation | Bootstrap capacitor refresh circuit |
| US20070108952A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-17 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Control device for a switching converter and related switching converter |
| US20070182395A1 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2007-08-09 | Masaru Sakai | Switching regulator |
| EP1919082A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-07 | Infineon Technologies Austria AG | Circuit et méthodes pour commander un commutateur semiconducteur de puissance |
-
2008
- 2008-12-22 FR FR0807267A patent/FR2944396B1/fr active Active
-
2009
- 2009-12-15 JP JP2011541398A patent/JP5543487B2/ja active Active
- 2009-12-15 US US13/141,111 patent/US8587277B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-15 BR BRPI0923464A patent/BRPI0923464A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-12-15 EP EP09795402.8A patent/EP2380267B1/fr active Active
- 2009-12-15 WO PCT/EP2009/067223 patent/WO2010072626A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-15 CN CN2009801555616A patent/CN102301575A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19946025A1 (de) * | 1999-09-25 | 2001-03-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung zur Stromversorgung einer Ansteuerschaltung für ein getaktetes Schaltnetzteil |
| US20050168206A1 (en) * | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-04 | International Rectifier Corporation | Bootstrap capacitor refresh circuit |
| US20070182395A1 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2007-08-09 | Masaru Sakai | Switching regulator |
| US20070108952A1 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2007-05-17 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Control device for a switching converter and related switching converter |
| EP1919082A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-07 | Infineon Technologies Austria AG | Circuit et méthodes pour commander un commutateur semiconducteur de puissance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2944396B1 (fr) | 2012-03-23 |
| FR2944396A1 (fr) | 2010-10-15 |
| US20120068682A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
| JP2012513737A (ja) | 2012-06-14 |
| EP2380267A1 (fr) | 2011-10-26 |
| JP5543487B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
| BRPI0923464A2 (pt) | 2016-01-12 |
| EP2380267B1 (fr) | 2016-09-07 |
| US8587277B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
| CN102301575A (zh) | 2011-12-28 |
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