WO2010142742A2 - Élément de construction - Google Patents

Élément de construction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010142742A2
WO2010142742A2 PCT/EP2010/058110 EP2010058110W WO2010142742A2 WO 2010142742 A2 WO2010142742 A2 WO 2010142742A2 EP 2010058110 W EP2010058110 W EP 2010058110W WO 2010142742 A2 WO2010142742 A2 WO 2010142742A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
fiber
component according
component
fiber bundles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/058110
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010142742A3 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Weier
Ralf Schnelle
Eva Kohler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sto SE and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Sto SE and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sto SE and Co KGaA filed Critical Sto SE and Co KGaA
Priority to EP10724504A priority Critical patent/EP2440716A2/fr
Publication of WO2010142742A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010142742A2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2010142742A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010142742A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0048—Fibrous materials
    • C04B20/0056—Hollow or porous fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
    • C04B20/1022—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C04B20/1025—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1051—Organo-metallic compounds; Organo-silicon compounds, e.g. bentone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00267—Materials permeable to vapours or gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component of a multi-phase material having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a component and a thermal insulation composite system, wherein the component and the thermal insulation composite system each comprise such a component.
  • Components in particular plate-shaped components for on-site attachment and / or further processing, such as plaster base plates, thermal insulation boards and the like, are available on the market in large numbers and made of different materials available.
  • the material for such a device is usually selected depending on the intended use of the device.
  • a structural member having a supporting function is usually made of a material having a high strength.
  • a component which can be used as a thermal insulation panel is preferably made of a material which has a low thermal conductivity.
  • Components serve to form components, such as an outer wall, a ceiling or the like. Since components usually have to fulfill several functions in the same way, they often have a layered structure consisting of different components of different materials.
  • a modern component is expected to be "breathable" like modern functional clothing, that is, to allow some vapor diffusion along the thermodynamic gradient, usually from the inside to the outside, thus requiring every component of such a component to have This requirement is particularly difficult to meet if the component is made of a material which, on the one hand, permits vapor diffusion but, on the other hand, should prevent the ingress of water, since the component is suitable, for example, for use as a vapor diffusion material Facade element is provided in the outer area.
  • thermal insulation panels which are usually made of a material having a microstructure having cavities, wherein the cavities are gas-filled.
  • rigid foam panels made of polystyrene, in particular extruded or expanded polystyrene, called.
  • Such materials are usually not only water impermeable, but also have a high
  • Vapor diffusion resistance ⁇ If such a device used in the facade area, then it is necessary to provide sufficient ventilation of the device or the layer formed by the device so that from the inside to the outside diffusing water vapor, which condenses on colder boundary layers, transported away via the provided for ventilation air layer can be.
  • an additionally provided air layer increases the respective component structure, so that valuable space is given away.
  • such air layers in the respective connection areas are expensive to produce.
  • EPS / XPS polystyrene
  • PUR polyurethane
  • ⁇ ⁇ 10 water vapor diffusion coefficient
  • EPS / XPS polystyrene
  • PUR polyurethane
  • the thermal insulation board with surface-distributed holes with a small diameter.
  • the bore diameter is preferably between 1 and 5 mm and the spacing of the holes between them preferably between 10 and 100 mm.
  • the thermal insulation value of the insulation board should be maintained substantially.
  • To form the holes is also proposed to subsequently pierce the finished plates with hot pins (needles), so that there are welds and thus smooth surfaces of the borehole walls, which should be beneficial for the emission of water vapor.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates contained in the multiphase material cause the component to have a higher vapor permeability than a corresponding component of the same material but no fiber portion.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates form another phase at their interfaces - both between the fibers and between the fibers and the surrounding material - cavities and / or cavity-crosslinking microstructures are formed, the facilitate vapor diffusion through the device.
  • the vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ of the component can be significantly reduced.
  • the altered microstructure caused by the fiber fraction essentially has no influence on the further properties of the component, such as strength or thermal conductivity.
  • the component according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for use in outdoor areas, for example as a facade element, thermal insulation or plaster base plate.
  • multi-phase material is understood to mean a material which may comprise different substances of the same physical state, for example solid, or different states of aggregation, for example solid / gaseous the aggregates form a first phase and the binder phase at least one further phase.
  • the multiphase material containing the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates is a polystyrene (PS) -based insulating material, further preferably based on expanded polystyrene (EPS) or extruded polystyrene (XPS), which has a gas-filled cell microstructure has.
  • PS polystyrene
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • XPS extruded polystyrene
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates cause a connection of the gas-filled cells while maintaining the internal structure of the primary polymer and facilitate depending on the respective thermodynamic parameters, the vapor diffusion along the thermodynamic gradient through the device, so that a reduction in the vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ at is ensured substantially constant low thermal conductivity and substantially constant high strength of the device.
  • voids are created only between the primary polymer particles to allow the desired vapor diffusion. In this case, these cavities or cavity networks do not form capillary-active cavities, that is, the penetration of surface water is still counteracted.
  • the multiphase material containing the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates may alternatively also be a polyurethane (PU), polyisocyanurate (PIR) or phenolic resin (PH) based insulating material.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates thereby effect a microstructure which, depending on the respective thermodynamic parameters, facilitates vapor diffusion along the thermodynamic gradient through the component, so that a reduction of the vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ is achieved with essentially constant low thermal conductivity and substantially more constant high strength of the device is ensured.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates contain natural fibers, such as flax fibers, hemp fibers or wool, and / or synthetic synthetic fibers, such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyacrylonitrile, rubber or polypropylene, and / or silicate fibers, such as glass fibers, and / or or cellulosic synthetic fibers.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates may also contain fiber blends of various natural and / or synthetic fibers. Synthetic fibers have the advantage that they can be made up and precisely matched to the respective multiphase material. The most significant improvements in the vapor permeability of a device have therefore been achieved with the use of synthetic fibers.
  • the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates can therefore be arranged in a directional or undirected arrangement in the component. However, a substantially uniformly distributed arrangement in the component has proved to be advantageous.
  • the fiber fraction based on the multiphase material is between 1 and 15% by weight, preferably between 3 and 10% by weight, more preferably between 5 and 8% by weight.
  • a higher fiber content is usually associated with an undesirable lower strength of the device.
  • a higher fiber content does not remain without influence on the other material characteristics, such as for example, the thermal insulation value. However, it is precisely these typical component material values that are to remain essentially unchanged.
  • the thickness of the fibers can be between 0.01 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.05 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, furthermore preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 250 ⁇ m.
  • At least a portion of the fibers is also crimped.
  • the fibers is also crimped.
  • An increased vapor permeability of the component is also beneficial if the fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates consist of hollow fibers or contain such.
  • the fiber traversing cavity promotes vapor diffusion and also contributes to a better cross-linking of the cavities already present in the material.
  • microstructures are formed which not only form cavities at the phase boundary surfaces but whose phase-forming constituents partly have cavities themselves.
  • the fibers contained in the multiphase material may have a round and / or an angular cross-sectional profile with respect to their outer shape, for example, if they are filled fibers. If hollow fibers are used, they can also have a round and / or angular cross-sectional profile with respect to the cross-sectional shape of the cavity. For example, an edged outer contour of the fiber has the advantage of having multiple such fibers Fiber bundles or fiber aggregates gussets remain, which in turn form the vapor diffusion facilitating cavities or allow networking of corresponding cavities.
  • a comparable effect can be achieved with fibers, fiber bundles and / or fiber aggregates containing profile fibers.
  • the profile is preferably designed in such a way that the fibers have profiling structures running substantially circumferentially in the longitudinal direction of the fiber.
  • substantially in the longitudinal direction is to be understood in such a way that this also helically to the outer circumference of the fiber pulling grooves and / or channels are understood.
  • At least part of the fibers is water-repellent or provided with a water-repellent coating.
  • coatings based on waxes are suitable for this purpose.
  • the fibers can also be provided with a protective coating, for example, increasing the alkali resistance of the fiber, and / or a coating which refines the surface of the fiber.
  • a protective coating for example, increasing the alkali resistance of the fiber, and / or a coating which refines the surface of the fiber.
  • Coating can be provided, for example, a finish or a size, in particular a size, based on silicon, organosilicon compounds and / or silanes.
  • a coating of the fiber has the further advantage that its material properties with regard to the processing of
  • Fiber can be improved in the production of the device. Since a component according to the invention is suitable for the formation of components, such as, for example, inner or outer walls, ceilings and the like, a component comprising such a component is also proposed. In this case, a vapor diffusion-open component proves to be advantageous not only in the application as an external component. Even with an internal arrangement, an increased vapor permeability may be advantageous, for example, if it is provided for internal insulation of a component.
  • a component according to the invention may in particular also be part of a thermal insulation composite system. Accordingly, a composite thermal insulation system is further claimed with at least one device according to the invention.
  • thermal insulation board based on polystyrene in this case based on expanded polystyrene (EPS).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • the fibers are mixed either with the original or already prefoamed expanded polystyrene particles and the mixture is welded in preferably non-gas-tight forms with impact of water vapor to moldings, which can optionally be cut and contoured.
  • First experiments with appropriately prepared insulation boards have surprisingly shown that they have an increased vapor permeability, but at the same time their high strength and maintain low thermal conductivity.
  • the cavities are interconnected. However, no capillary-active cavities are formed, so that penetrating surface water is counteracted. At the same time, the structure of the primary polymer particles, that is the EPS particles, is retained.
  • polyester fibers were added to the prefoamed expanded polystyrene particles in the form of crimped hollow fibers, which had previously been given a siliconized size. Based on 100% by weight of polystyrene particles, 4% by weight of polyester fibers were added.
  • the vapor diffusion resistance ⁇ could be reduced by an average of 20% compared to a corresponding thermal insulation panel of the same material but without fiber content. The diffusion measurement was carried out in accordance with DIN EN 12086. The thermal conductivity ⁇ of the thermal insulation board was not changed by the fiber content.
  • polyester fibers in the form of crimped hollow fibers were added to the prefoamed expanded polystyrene particles, which in turn have previously received a siliconized size. Based on 100 wt .-% polystyrene particles this time 7.6 wt .-% of said polyester fibers were added.
  • the vapor diffusion resistance ⁇ could thereby on average even by 25% compared to a corresponding thermal insulation board be reduced from the same material but without fiber content (again measured in accordance with DIN EN 12086).
  • the thermal conductivity ⁇ of the thermal insulation board was changed only insignificantly.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de construction constitué d'un matériau multiphasé présentant une conductivité thermique λ < 2000 W/(m*K)5, de préférence λ < 100 W/(m*K), idéalement λ ≤ 50 W/(m*K). Selon l'invention, le matériau comprend des fibres, des faisceaux de fibres et/ou des agrégats de fibres qui ont pour effet de conférer à l'élément de construction une plus grande perméabilité à la vapeur que celle d'un élément de construction correspondant constitué du même matériau mais dénué de fibres. L'invention concerne, en outre, une partie de construction comportant un tel élément de construction et un système composite isolant thermique comportant au moins un tel élément de construction.
PCT/EP2010/058110 2009-06-12 2010-06-09 Élément de construction Ceased WO2010142742A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10724504A EP2440716A2 (fr) 2009-06-12 2010-06-09 Élément de construction

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910025163 DE102009025163A1 (de) 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Bauelement
DE102009025163.4 2009-06-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010142742A2 true WO2010142742A2 (fr) 2010-12-16
WO2010142742A3 WO2010142742A3 (fr) 2012-04-19

Family

ID=43069857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/058110 Ceased WO2010142742A2 (fr) 2009-06-12 2010-06-09 Élément de construction

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2440716A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009025163A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010142742A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3511306A1 (fr) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-17 Universität Kassel Composant en béton à haute ou très haute résistance, thermiquement stable et cycliquement résistant aux contraintes

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL2033772B1 (nl) * 2022-12-21 2024-06-27 Bouwknegt Arnoud Werkwijze voor het dekken van een dak met riet, paneel geschikt voor toepassing in deze werkwijze en een gebouw waarvan het dak op deze wijze gedekt is met riet

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FR1438893A (fr) * 1965-07-05 1966-05-13 Rohpappen Fabrik Worms Zweigni Plaque armée en matière plastique mousse
DE7000211U (de) * 1970-01-05 1970-04-09 Suedbau Sueddeutsche Bautechni Leichtbauplatte
AT296858B (de) * 1970-01-19 1972-02-25 Josef Dabernig Leichtbaustoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE4307648A1 (de) * 1993-03-11 1994-09-15 Basf Ag Schaumstoffe auf Basis thermoplastischer Polyurethane sowie expandierbare, partikelförmige, thermoplastische Polyurethane, insbesondere geeignet zur Herstellung von Schaumstoff-Formkörpern
DE10007774A1 (de) 2000-02-14 2001-09-20 Wki Isoliertechnik Gmbh Berlin Wärmedämmplatte aus Polystyrol (EPS/XPS) oder Polyurethan (PUR) mit niedriger Wasserdampfdiffusionszahl mu 10
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3511306A1 (fr) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-17 Universität Kassel Composant en béton à haute ou très haute résistance, thermiquement stable et cycliquement résistant aux contraintes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009025163A1 (de) 2010-12-16
WO2010142742A3 (fr) 2012-04-19
EP2440716A2 (fr) 2012-04-18

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