WO2010146419A2 - Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools - Google Patents

Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010146419A2
WO2010146419A2 PCT/IB2009/052624 IB2009052624W WO2010146419A2 WO 2010146419 A2 WO2010146419 A2 WO 2010146419A2 IB 2009052624 W IB2009052624 W IB 2009052624W WO 2010146419 A2 WO2010146419 A2 WO 2010146419A2
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Prior art keywords
hydraulic
actuator
piston
movement
hydraulic actuator
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French (fr)
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WO2010146419A3 (en
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Ercio Miguel Nema
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Publication of WO2010146419A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010146419A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
    • B23B31/30—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using fluid-pressure means in the chuck
    • B23B31/302—Hydraulic equipment, e.g. pistons, valves, rotary joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/02—Mechanical layout characterised by the means for converting the movement of the fluid-actuated element into movement of the finally-operated member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling, applicable to actuations where it is necessary to combine a linear movement with a rotational movement.
  • the actuator of the invention can be applied in any case of such combined movements, in particular a remarkable application where its advantages are highlighted is the actuation of a clamp or plate tool-piece of machine tool , for example an automatic lathe.
  • the device traditionally used to exert a linear axial movement requiring a considerable force, while "traversing" a rotational movement consists of the use of a rotating hydraulic cylinder with the object or the part to be controlled linearly, the piston of this cylinder being moved by a hydraulic fluid whose circuits have an interface, HYDRAULIC LEVEL, between the rotating part and the fixed part (frame of the machine, for example).
  • This interface is constituted, in the prior art, by rotary joints supposed to ensure the sealing of the hydraulic fluid.
  • no high speed rotary joint to ensure this seal at the high pressures commonly used in hydraulic systems.
  • the result is that oil escapes continuously through the joints and is collected as best as possible by a drainage device. This oil leak, combined with the need to supplement the level of the fluid in the tank of the hydraulic system, represents a certain risk for the environment.
  • the usual hydraulic devices are conventionally powered by an external hydraulic pump with its accessories, valves, flexible pipes, oil tank, etc. All of these components are relatively bulky and are usually housed in a separate cabinet.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a simple and compact concept actuator does not have the disadvantages mentioned, and can be manufactured at a competitive cost compared to existing actuators.
  • the solution proposed by the present invention to solve the problem posed is contained in the characteristic of the independent claim no. 1 and its alternative embodiments in the dependent claims 2 to 5. It consists essentially in using a hydraulic cylinder held on the fixed part of the machine, this cylinder only ensuring the linear (axial) movement required, while the The interface between this cylinder and the rotating part leading to the gripper or the workpiece plate is provided by ball bearings, tapered roller bearings or other types of bearings.
  • the seal in the hydraulic cylinder is obtained by conventional seals, the latter having to work during axial movement at relatively low speeds of movement, compared to the high tangential speeds of the rotational movement.
  • Another object of the present invention is to achieve the combination of the hydraulic decoupling actuator described above, with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification, constituting an integrated compact assembly.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to disclose a typical application of the device described to machine tools, in particular CNC or manual CNC lathes.
  • a further advantage of the invention is to allow the measurement and easy monitoring of the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder by a direct connection, the very fact that this cylinder is fixed in the invention, unlike the rotating cylinder usually used by the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 represents a sectional view along a plane passing through the axis of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a more elaborate version of the invention, comprising double bearings capable of transmitting a large axial force, and integrated in the frame of a lathe.
  • Fig. 3 represents a simplified diagram making it easier to understand the operating principle of a hydropneumatic pressure amplification converter that can be integrated into the actuator of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows in section the combination of the actuator of the present invention with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification.
  • Fig. 5 shows in section the application of the combination of the actuator with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification of FIG. 4, in which the rotating part is shown coupled to a CNC lathe pulley with transmission of axial movement to the workpiece clamp or plate of the workpiece.
  • the actuator according to the invention (FIG 1) comprises a piston 01 of tubular form which does not rotate, but which can move axially in the hydraulic cylinder 03.
  • This piston transmits to the master tube 07 its axial movement through the bearing 11.
  • This same axial movement of the master tube 07 is transmitted to a control shaft 14 of the gripper or workpiece plate 15 (see FIG.
  • the only two rotating parts of the actuator are the master tube 07 and the flange 08, which rotate together, but the master tube 07 slides axially in the flange 08 and its guide tube 12. This flange and this guide tube are held radially in the fixed support 05 by the bearing 06.
  • the single or composite bearing 11 is designed and dimensioned to withstand high axial loads required by the workpiece holder to ensure safe fastening of the workpiece in all circumstances, as well as radial loads. Depending on the detail of the project, this load can be spread over several bearings.
  • the actuator is just as apt to control a mechanical device for controlling the clamp or workpiece plate of the inverted type with respect to that considered above, where the axial movement of the release of the workpiece must be done. right to left, while fixing the same piece will be done by the movement from left to right; this depends on the detailed characteristics of the workpiece device, but does not change the actuator object of the present application, it is sufficient to modify the hydraulic control circuit by permuting the external connections to adapt to this case.
  • the actuator of the invention can also control clamps or workpiece plates provided with springs, used by some devices to ensure the attachment of the workpiece.
  • the hydraulic pressure generator and the control system of the hydraulic cylinder 03 have nothing special and can be made according to devices and schemes usually used by those skilled in the art.
  • a hydropneumatic converter can be integrated with the actuator that is the subject of the present application, so as to constitute a compact combined system. This advantageous combination is now described hereinafter (see Fig. 4).
  • the basic components of the actuator as described above are included in this combination and designated by the same reference numbers.
  • the oil under pressure is now generated by a hydropneumatic converter having a pneumatic cylinder 24 in which moves an annular piston 20, which piston in turn comprises one or more cylinders-hydraulic pressure amplifiers 19 and 25.
  • a conventional pneumatic directional valve is used to alternately supply compressed air to the air inlet-outlet connections 23 and 26.
  • connection 23 When the connection 23 is energized, the piston 20 moves from right to left in FIG. 4, moving at the same time the hydraulic cylinder amplifier 25 relative to its piston 27, which remains fixed, integral with the pneumatic cylinder 24, itself secured to the fixed support 05.
  • a relatively high hydraulic pressure is generated by the movement of the hydraulic cylinder 25 and this pressure causes a flow of oil through a coaxial channel located inside the piston rod.
  • an essential advantage of this combination is that the integrated hydropneumatic converter dispenses with the use of a traditional external hydraulic pressure generator, typically having a pump with its electric motor, an oil reservoir, control and safety valves, manometers, this set taking up a lot of space.
  • the converter of this combination it can be sized to occupy a relatively modest space around the actuator of the invention, leading to a small overall size of the combination thus obtained.
  • the use of the converter only requires a compressed air supply of usual pressure of 6 to 7 bars and a directional pneumatic valve and common flexible pipes.
  • Valve directional, standard type can be for example two solenoids and three positions, the central position (no solenoid excited) keeping all its channels closed, constituting a safety lock position during machining of the part, ensuring that even in In case of rupture of a compressed air line, the pneumatic piston will not receive any pressure from any side, so it will remain stationary, while the hydraulic pressure will remain unchanged from the side where it was generated by the previous movement.
  • This is particularly advantageous for guaranteeing safety, avoiding accidental loosening of the workpiece during machining, which has already occasionally caused serious accidents with purely hydraulic systems during pipe breaks, in particular with the traditional device of the machine. prior art having rotary oil seals with oil loss.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, that can be applied to actuations where a linear movement must be performed while ensuring the freedom of a rotary movement. A hydraulic cylinder (03) held on the fixed part of the machine comprises a piston (01) that can perform the required linear movement, said piston comprising a mechanical interface (11) that can transmit the linear movement towards the rotating part (08) by means of an axle or a concentric master tube (07) axially sliding in the rotating part and rotating therewith. The interface performs a decoupling between the linear movement and the rotating movement, leaving the rotating movement entirely free. The invention also relates to the combination of the main hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, the converter comprising a pneumatic cylinder (24) containing an annular pneumatic piston (20). The pneumatic piston can drive at least one pressure amplifying hydaulic cylinder (19, 25) along with its linear movement.

Description

ACTIONNEUR HYDRAULIQUE A DECOUPLAGE DE MOUVEMENTS, COMBINAISON D'UN TEL ACTIONNEUR HYDRAULIQUE AVEC UN CONVERTISSEUR HYDROPNEUMATIQUE, ET APPLICATION D'UN TEL ACTIONNEUR AUX M ACHINES -OUTILS. HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR WITH MOVEMENT DECOUPLING, COMBINATION OF SUCH A HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR WITH A HYDROPNEUMATIC CONVERTER, AND APPLICATION OF SUCH ACTUATOR TO M ACHINES-TOOLS.

L' invention concerne un actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements, applicable aux actionnements où il est nécessaire de combiner un mouvement linéaire avec un mouvement de rotation. L' actionneur de l' invention peut être appliqué à tous les cas de tels mouvements combinés, en particulier une application remarquable où ses avantages sont mis en évidence est constituée par l'actionnement d' une pince ou plaque porte-pièce de machine- outil, par exemple un tour automatique.The invention relates to a hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling, applicable to actuations where it is necessary to combine a linear movement with a rotational movement. The actuator of the invention can be applied in any case of such combined movements, in particular a remarkable application where its advantages are highlighted is the actuation of a clamp or plate tool-piece of machine tool , for example an automatic lathe.

Le dispositif traditionnellement utilisé pour exercer un mouvement linéaire axial exigeant une force considérable, tout en « traversant » un mouvement de rotation, consiste en l' utilisation d' un cylindre hydraulique tournant avec l'objet ou la pièce à commander linéairement, le piston de ce cylindre étant mû par un fluide hydraulique dont les circuits comportent une interface, AU NIVEAU HYDRAULIQUE, entre la partie en rotation et la partie fixe (bâti de la machine, par exemple). Cette interface est constituée, dans l' art antérieur, par des joints rotatifs censés assurer l' étanchéité du fluide hydraulique. Il n' existe pas, à notre connaissance, de joint rotatif à haute vitesse permettant d' assurer cette étanchéité aux pressions élevées couramment utilisées dans les systèmes hydrauliques. Le résultat est que de 1' huile s' échappe continuellement par les joints et est recueillie tant bien que mal par un dispositif de drainage. Cette fuite d' huile, associée à la nécessité de compléter le niveau du fluide dans le réservoir du système hydraulique, représente un certain risque pour l' environnement.The device traditionally used to exert a linear axial movement requiring a considerable force, while "traversing" a rotational movement, consists of the use of a rotating hydraulic cylinder with the object or the part to be controlled linearly, the piston of this cylinder being moved by a hydraulic fluid whose circuits have an interface, HYDRAULIC LEVEL, between the rotating part and the fixed part (frame of the machine, for example). This interface is constituted, in the prior art, by rotary joints supposed to ensure the sealing of the hydraulic fluid. There is, to our knowledge, no high speed rotary joint to ensure this seal at the high pressures commonly used in hydraulic systems. The result is that oil escapes continuously through the joints and is collected as best as possible by a drainage device. This oil leak, combined with the need to supplement the level of the fluid in the tank of the hydraulic system, represents a certain risk for the environment.

D' autre part, les dispositifs hydrauliques habituels sont conventionnellement alimentés par une pompe hydraulique externe avec ses accessoires, vannes, tuyauteries flexibles, réservoir d' huile, etc. Tous ces composants sont relativement volumineux et sont habituellement logés dans un cabinet séparé.On the other hand, the usual hydraulic devices are conventionally powered by an external hydraulic pump with its accessories, valves, flexible pipes, oil tank, etc. All of these components are relatively bulky and are usually housed in a separate cabinet.

Le but de la présente invention est d'élaborer un actionneur de concept simple et compact ne présentant pas les inconvénients cités, et qui puisse être fabriqué pour un coût compétitif par rapport aux actionneurs existants. La solution proposée par la présente invention pour résoudre le problème posé est contenue dans la caractéristique de la revendication indépendante no. 1 et ses variantes d'exécution dans les revendications dépendantes 2 à 5. Elle consiste essentiellement à utiliser un cylindre hydraulique maintenu sur la partie fixe de la machine, ce cylindre n' assurant que le mouvement linéaire (axial) exigé, tandis que l' interface entre ce cylindre et la partie en rotation aboutissant à la pince ou à la plaque porte-pièce est assurée par des roulements à billes, à rouleaux coniques ou autres types de roulements.The object of the present invention is to develop a simple and compact concept actuator does not have the disadvantages mentioned, and can be manufactured at a competitive cost compared to existing actuators. The solution proposed by the present invention to solve the problem posed is contained in the characteristic of the independent claim no. 1 and its alternative embodiments in the dependent claims 2 to 5. It consists essentially in using a hydraulic cylinder held on the fixed part of the machine, this cylinder only ensuring the linear (axial) movement required, while the The interface between this cylinder and the rotating part leading to the gripper or the workpiece plate is provided by ball bearings, tapered roller bearings or other types of bearings.

Avec ce dispositif, l'étanchéité dans le cylindre hydraulique est obtenue par des joints conventionnels, ceux-ci ne devant travailler lors du mouvement axial qu'à des vitesses de déplacement relativement faibles, par rapport aux grandes vitesses tangentielles du mouvement de rotation.With this device, the seal in the hydraulic cylinder is obtained by conventional seals, the latter having to work during axial movement at relatively low speeds of movement, compared to the high tangential speeds of the rotational movement.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de réaliser la combinaison de l'actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements décrit ci-dessus, avec un convertisseur hydropneumatique avec amplification de pression, constituant un ensemble compact intégré.Another object of the present invention is to achieve the combination of the hydraulic decoupling actuator described above, with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification, constituting an integrated compact assembly.

La solution permettant d'atteindre ce but est contenue dans la caractéristique de la revendication no. 6.The solution to achieve this goal is contained in the feature of claim no. 6.

Encore un autre but de la présente invention est d'exposer une application typique du dispositif décrit aux machines-outils, en particulier aux tours à commande numérique CNC ou manuels.Yet another object of the present invention is to disclose a typical application of the device described to machine tools, in particular CNC or manual CNC lathes.

La solution permettant d'atteindre ce but est contenue dans la caractéristique de la revendication no. 7.The solution to achieve this goal is contained in the feature of claim no. 7.

Un avantage supplémentaire de l' invention est de permettre la mesure et la surveillance aisée de la pression dans le cylindre hydraulique par une connexion directe, du fait même que ce cylindre est fixe dans l' invention, contrairement au cylindre tournant habituellement utilisé par l' art antérieur.A further advantage of the invention is to allow the measurement and easy monitoring of the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder by a direct connection, the very fact that this cylinder is fixed in the invention, unlike the rotating cylinder usually used by the prior art.

L' invention sera maintenant décrite en détail en se référant aux figures annexes. La fig. 1 représente une vue en coupe selon un plan passant par l' axe d' une première forme d' exécution de l' invention.The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Fig. 1 represents a sectional view along a plane passing through the axis of a first embodiment of the invention.

La fig. 2 représente une vue en coupe d' une version plus élaborée de l' invention, comportant des roulements doubles aptes à transmettre une force axiale importante, et intégrée dans le bâti d'un tour.Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a more elaborate version of the invention, comprising double bearings capable of transmitting a large axial force, and integrated in the frame of a lathe.

La fig. 3 représente un schéma simplifié permettant de faciliter la compréhension du principe de fonctionnement d'un convertisseur hydropneumatique à amplification de pression pouvant être intégré à l' actionneur de la présente invention.Fig. 3 represents a simplified diagram making it easier to understand the operating principle of a hydropneumatic pressure amplification converter that can be integrated into the actuator of the present invention.

La fig. 4 représente en coupe la combinaison de l' actionneur de la présente invention avec un convertisseur hydropneumatique avec amplification de pression.Fig. 4 shows in section the combination of the actuator of the present invention with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification.

La fig. 5 représente en coupe l' application de la combinaison de l' actionneur avec un convertisseur hydropneumatique avec amplification de pression de la fig. 4, où la partie en rotation est représentée accouplée à une poulie de tour CNC avec transmission du mouvement axial vers la pince ou plaque de fixation de la pièce à usiner.Fig. 5 shows in section the application of the combination of the actuator with a hydropneumatic converter with pressure amplification of FIG. 4, in which the rotating part is shown coupled to a CNC lathe pulley with transmission of axial movement to the workpiece clamp or plate of the workpiece.

L' actionneur selon l' invention (fig. 1) comporte un piston 01 de forme tubulaire qui ne tourne pas, mais qui peut se mouvoir axialement dans le cylindre hydraulique 03. Ce piston transmet au tube maître 07 son mouvement axial au travers du roulement 11. Ce même mouvement axial du tube maître 07 est transmis à un axe de commande 14 de la pince ou plaque porte-pièce 15 (voir fig. 5). Les seules deux pièces en rotation de l' actionneur sont le tube maître 07 et la bride 08, qui tournent solidairement, mais le tube maître 07 coulisse axialement dans la bride 08 et son tube-guide 12. Cette bride et ce tube-guide sont maintenus radialement dans le support fixe 05 par le roulement 06. De cette manière, le mouvement de rotation du tube maître 07 et de la bride 08, découlant du fait que la bride 08 est solidaire de la poulie motrice 13 (fig. 5) qui est entraînée par une transmission conventionnelle de tour ou de machine-outil, est découplé du mouvement axial obtenu par le piston 01 et transmis au tube maître 07, tout en maintenant le cylindre hydraulique 03 fixe, de même que ses connexions 09 et 10. Lorsque de l'huile sous pression est acheminée vers l' orifice d'alimentation 09, cette huile provoque le mouvement axial du piston 01 dans le sens de gauche à droite sur la fig. 1, piston qui entraîne par le roulement 11 le tube maître 07 vers la droite, de manière à libérer la pièce 16 maintenue jusqu'ici prisonnière de la plaque ou pince 15.The actuator according to the invention (FIG 1) comprises a piston 01 of tubular form which does not rotate, but which can move axially in the hydraulic cylinder 03. This piston transmits to the master tube 07 its axial movement through the bearing 11. This same axial movement of the master tube 07 is transmitted to a control shaft 14 of the gripper or workpiece plate 15 (see FIG. The only two rotating parts of the actuator are the master tube 07 and the flange 08, which rotate together, but the master tube 07 slides axially in the flange 08 and its guide tube 12. This flange and this guide tube are held radially in the fixed support 05 by the bearing 06. In this way, the rotational movement of the master tube 07 and the flange 08, resulting from the fact that the flange 08 is integral with the driving pulley 13 (FIG. is driven by a conventional transmission tower or machine tool, is decoupled from the axial movement obtained by the piston 01 and transmitted to the master tube 07, while maintaining the fixed hydraulic cylinder 03, as well as its connections 09 and 10. When pressurized oil is conveyed to the feed port 09, this oil causes the piston 01 to move axially in the direction from left to right in FIG. 1, piston which drives the master tube 07 to the right by means of the bearing 11, so as to release the part 16 previously held prisoner of the plate or clamp 15.

Lorsque de l'huile sous pression est acheminée vers l'orifice d'alimentation 10, le piston se déplace axialement vers la gauche de la figure, permettant d' appliquer au travers du roulement 11, du tube maître 07 et de la pince ou plaque 15, la force requise pour maintenir en toute sécurité la pièce 16 pendant son usinage. Le roulement 11 simple ou composé est projeté et dimensionné pour supporter des charges axiales élevées, requises par le porte-pièce pour garantir la fixation sûre de la pièce en toute circonstance, ainsi que des charges radiales. Suivant le détaillement du projet, cette charge peut-être répartie sur plusieurs roulements.When pressurized oil is conveyed to the supply port 10, the piston moves axially to the left of the figure, making it possible to apply through the bearing 11, the master tube 07 and the clamp or plate 15, the force required to safely maintain the workpiece 16 during its machining. The single or composite bearing 11 is designed and dimensioned to withstand high axial loads required by the workpiece holder to ensure safe fastening of the workpiece in all circumstances, as well as radial loads. Depending on the detail of the project, this load can be spread over several bearings.

Bien entendu, l' actionneur est tout aussi apte à commander un dispositif mécanique de commande de la pince ou plaque porte-pièce de type inversé par rapport à celui considéré ci- dessus, où le mouvement axial de libération de la pièce doive se faire de droite à gauche, alors que la fixation de la même pièce se fera par le mouvement de gauche à droite ; ceci dépend des caractéristiques détaillées du dispositif porte-pièce, mais ne modifie en rien l' actionneur objet de la présente demande, il suffit de modifier le circuit de commande hydraulique en permutant les connexions externes pour s'adapter à ce cas. De même, l'actionneur de l' invention peut également commander des pinces ou plaques porte-pièce pourvues de ressorts, utilisés par certains dispositifs pour garantir la fixation de la pièce à usiner.Of course, the actuator is just as apt to control a mechanical device for controlling the clamp or workpiece plate of the inverted type with respect to that considered above, where the axial movement of the release of the workpiece must be done. right to left, while fixing the same piece will be done by the movement from left to right; this depends on the detailed characteristics of the workpiece device, but does not change the actuator object of the present application, it is sufficient to modify the hydraulic control circuit by permuting the external connections to adapt to this case. Similarly, the actuator of the invention can also control clamps or workpiece plates provided with springs, used by some devices to ensure the attachment of the workpiece.

Le générateur de pression hydraulique et le système de commande du cylindre hydraulique 03 ne présentent rien de particulier et peuvent être réalisés conformément aux dispositifs et schémas habituellement utilisés par l'homme de métier.The hydraulic pressure generator and the control system of the hydraulic cylinder 03 have nothing special and can be made according to devices and schemes usually used by those skilled in the art.

Toutefois, au lieu d' utiliser un générateur de pression externe, un convertisseur hydropneumatique peut être intégré à l' actionneur objet de la présente demande, de manière à constituer un système combiné compact. Cette combinaison avantageuse est maintenant décrite ci-après (voir fig. 4).However, instead of using an external pressure generator, a hydropneumatic converter can be integrated with the actuator that is the subject of the present application, so as to constitute a compact combined system. This advantageous combination is now described hereinafter (see Fig. 4).

Les constituants de base de l'actionneur tel que décrit plus haut sont repris dans cette combinaison et désignés par les mêmes numéros de référence. L'huile sous pression est maintenant engendrée par un convertisseur hydropneumatique comportant un cylindre pneumatique 24 dans lequel se déplace un piston de forme annulaire 20, piston qui comporte à son tour un ou plusieurs cylindres-amplificateurs de pression hydraulique 19 et 25.The basic components of the actuator as described above are included in this combination and designated by the same reference numbers. The oil under pressure is now generated by a hydropneumatic converter having a pneumatic cylinder 24 in which moves an annular piston 20, which piston in turn comprises one or more cylinders-hydraulic pressure amplifiers 19 and 25.

Une vanne directionnelle pneumatique conventionnelle est utilisée pour alimenter en air comprimé alternativement les connexions d'entrée-sortie d' air 23 et 26. Lorsque la connexion 23 est alimentée, le piston 20 se déplace de droite à gauche sur la fig. 4, déplaçant en même temps le cylindre hydraulique amplificateur 25 par rapport à son piston 27, qui lui reste fixe, solidaire du cylindre pneumatique 24, lui-même solidaire du support fixe 05. De cette manière, et grâce au rapport relativement grand entre l'aire du piston pneumatique et celle du piston hydraulique, une pression hydraulique relativement élevée est engendrée par le mouvement de ce cylindre hydraulique 25 et cette pression provoque un flux d'huile par un canal coaxial situé à l'intérieur de la tige du piston 27 puis par une conduite interne du cylindre 24, vers le côté gauche du piston hydraulique 01, forçant le mouvement de ce piston vers la droite, entraînant en même temps le tube maître 07 au travers du roulement 11, comme dans la variante de base de l' actionneur déjà décrite plus haut, de manière à libérer la pièce 16 par l' intermédiaire de l' axe 14. Inversement, lorsque la connexion 26 est alimentée en air, le piston pneumatique 20 se meut de gauche à droite, entraînant le cylindre hydraulique 19 par rapport à son piston fixe 22, ce qui engendre une pression hydraulique transmise par un canal coaxial interne du piston 22 au côté droit du piston 01, déplaçant ainsi ce piston vers la gauche entraînant en même temps le tube maître 07 et l' axe 14 au travers du roulement 11, fixant ainsi la pièce à usiner avec une force élevée. Les circuits d'huile et d'air sont complètement séparés par des joints conventionnels, ce qui évite tout mélange intempestif. Tout risque de perte d'huile dans l'environnement est ainsi minimisé.A conventional pneumatic directional valve is used to alternately supply compressed air to the air inlet-outlet connections 23 and 26. When the connection 23 is energized, the piston 20 moves from right to left in FIG. 4, moving at the same time the hydraulic cylinder amplifier 25 relative to its piston 27, which remains fixed, integral with the pneumatic cylinder 24, itself secured to the fixed support 05. In this way, and thanks to the relatively large ratio between The area of the pneumatic piston and that of the hydraulic piston, a relatively high hydraulic pressure is generated by the movement of the hydraulic cylinder 25 and this pressure causes a flow of oil through a coaxial channel located inside the piston rod. then by an internal pipe of the cylinder 24, towards the left side of the hydraulic piston 01, forcing the movement of this piston to the right, driving at the same time the master tube 07 through the bearing 11, as in the basic variant of the actuator already described above, so as to release the piece 16 via the axis 14. Conversely, when the connection 26 is supplied with air, the pneumatic piston 20 is moves from left to right, driving the hydraulic cylinder 19 relative to its fixed piston 22, which generates a hydraulic pressure transmitted by an internal coaxial channel of the piston 22 to the right side of the piston 01, thus displacing this piston to the left causing At the same time the master tube 07 and the shaft 14 through the bearing 11, thus fixing the workpiece with a high force. The oil and air circuits are completely separated by conventional seals, which prevents any untimely mixing. Any risk of oil loss in the environment is minimized.

Un avantage essentiel de cette combinaison est que le convertisseur hydropneumatique intégré dispense l' utilisation d' un générateur de pression hydraulique externe traditionnel, comportant typiquement une pompe avec son moteur électrique, un réservoir d'huile, des vannes de commande et de sécurité, des manomètres, cet ensemble occupant beaucoup de place. Le convertisseur de cette combinaison, lui, peut être dimensionné de manière à occuper un espace relativement modeste autour de l' actionneur de l'invention, conduisant à un faible encombrement global de la combinaison ainsi obtenue. De plus, l'utilisation du convertisseur ne requiert qu' une alimentation en air comprimé de pression usuelle de 6 à 7 bars et une vanne pneumatique directionnelle et des conduites flexibles courantes. La vanne directionnelle, de type standard, peut être par exemple à deux solénoïdes et trois positions, la position centrale (aucun solénoïde excité) maintenant toutes ses voies fermées, constituant une position de verrouillage de sécurité pendant l'usinage de la pièce, garantissant que même en cas de rupture d' une conduite d' air comprimé, le piston pneumatique ne recevra aucune pression d' aucun côté donc restera immobile, tandis que la pression hydraulique se maintiendra inchangée du côté où elle avait été engendrée par le mouvement précédent. Ceci est particulièrement avantageux pour garantir la sécurité, évitant un desserrage intempestif de la pièce lors de l' usinage, ce qui a déjà occasionnellement causé de graves accidents avec des systèmes purement hydrauliques lors de ruptures de conduites, en particulier avec le dispositif traditionnel de l' art antérieur comportant des joints hydrauliques rotatifs à perte d'huile.An essential advantage of this combination is that the integrated hydropneumatic converter dispenses with the use of a traditional external hydraulic pressure generator, typically having a pump with its electric motor, an oil reservoir, control and safety valves, manometers, this set taking up a lot of space. The converter of this combination, it can be sized to occupy a relatively modest space around the actuator of the invention, leading to a small overall size of the combination thus obtained. In addition, the use of the converter only requires a compressed air supply of usual pressure of 6 to 7 bars and a directional pneumatic valve and common flexible pipes. Valve directional, standard type, can be for example two solenoids and three positions, the central position (no solenoid excited) keeping all its channels closed, constituting a safety lock position during machining of the part, ensuring that even in In case of rupture of a compressed air line, the pneumatic piston will not receive any pressure from any side, so it will remain stationary, while the hydraulic pressure will remain unchanged from the side where it was generated by the previous movement. This is particularly advantageous for guaranteeing safety, avoiding accidental loosening of the workpiece during machining, which has already occasionally caused serious accidents with purely hydraulic systems during pipe breaks, in particular with the traditional device of the machine. prior art having rotary oil seals with oil loss.

L'homme de métier, mis au courant de la solution technique objet de la présente demande de brevet, pourra aisément adapter l'actionneur hydraulique de l'invention, ou la combinaison de l' actionneur avec un convertisseur hydropneumatique tel que décrit, aux machines les plus diverses qui nécessitent un mouvement linéaire avec application d'une force relativement élevée, exigeant une pression hydraulique pour son obtention, découplé d'un autre mouvement de rotation relativement rapide, offrant ainsi à ces machines une solution compacte, sans fuite d'huile, donc en respectant l' environnement.Those skilled in the art, aware of the technical solution that is the subject of the present patent application, can easily adapt the hydraulic actuator of the invention, or the combination of the actuator with a hydropneumatic converter as described, to machines the most diverse which require a linear movement with application of a relatively high force, requiring a hydraulic pressure to obtain it, decoupled from another relatively fast rotation movement, thus offering these machines a compact solution, without oil leakage , therefore respecting the environment.

LEGENDE DES FIGURESLEGEND OF FIGURES

Fis.lFis.l

01 piston hydraulique principal01 main hydraulic piston

02 tête arrière du cylindre hydraulique principal02 rear head of the main hydraulic cylinder

03 cylindre hydraulique principal03 main hydraulic cylinder

04 chambre à huile avant04 oil chamber before

05 tête avant du cylindre hydraulique principal05 front head of the main hydraulic cylinder

06 roulement06 bearing

07 tube maître07 master tube

08 bride de fixation08 fastening flange

09 orifice de connexion hydraulique09 hydraulic connection port

10 orifice de connexion hydraulique 11 roulement10 hydraulic connection port 11 bearing

12 tube-guide12 guide tube

Fis.2Fis.2

Pas de légendeNo legend

Fig.3Fig.3

A piston pneumatiquePneumatic piston

B piston hydraulique amplificateur de pressionB hydraulic piston pressure amplifier

C chambre à huileC oil chamber

D tige du piston hydraulique principalD main hydraulic piston rod

Fig.4Fig.4

01 piston hydraulique principal01 main hydraulic piston

02 tête arrière du cylindre hydraulique principal02 rear head of the main hydraulic cylinder

03 cylindre hydraulique principal03 main hydraulic cylinder

04 chambre à huile avant04 oil chamber before

05 tête avant du cylindre hydraulique principal05 front head of the main hydraulic cylinder

06 roulement06 bearing

07 tube maître07 master tube

08 bride de fixation08 fastening flange

11 roulement11 bearing

12 tube-guide12 guide tube

18 chambre pneumatique arrière18 rear pneumatic chamber

19 cylindre hydraulique amplificateur19 hydraulic cylinder amplifier

20 piston du cylindre pneumatique20 piston of the pneumatic cylinder

21 chambre pneumatique avant21 front pneumatic chamber

22 piston du cylindre hydraulique amplificateur22 piston hydraulic cylinder amplifier

23 orifice de connexion pneumatique 24 cylindre pneumatique23 pneumatic connection port 24 pneumatic cylinder

25 cylindre hydraulique amplificateur25 hydraulic cylinder amplifier

26 orifice de connexion pneumatique26 pneumatic connection port

27 piston du cylindre hydraulique amplificateur27 piston hydraulic cylinder amplifier

Fig.5Fig.5

13 poulie motrice13 driving pulley

14 axe de commande de la pince ou plaque porte-pièce14 control axis of the clamp or workpiece plate

15 pince ou plaque porte-pièce15 clamp or workpiece plate

16 pièce à usiner16 workpiece

17 combinaison de la Fis.4 17 combination of Fis.4

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements applicable aux actionnements où il est nécessaire d'effectuer un mouvement linéaire tout en assurant la liberté d' un mouvement de rotation, caractérisé en ce qu'un cylindre hydraulique (03) maintenu sur la partie fixe de la machine comporte un piston (01) pouvant effectuer le mouvement linéaire requis, le piston comportant une interface mécanique (11) pouvant transmettre le mouvement linéaire vers la partie en rotation (08) par l'intermédiaire d'un axe ou d'un tube maître concentrique (07) coulissant axialement dans la partie en rotation et tournant avec celle-ci, caractérisé en outre en ce que l'interface réalise un découplage entre le mouvement linéaire et le mouvement de rotation en laissant entière liberté à celui-ci.1. Hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling applicable to actuations where it is necessary to perform a linear movement while ensuring the freedom of a rotational movement, characterized in that a hydraulic cylinder (03) held on the fixed part of the machine comprises a piston (01) capable of performing the required linear movement, the piston having a mechanical interface (11) capable of transmitting the linear movement towards the rotating part (08) via an axis or a tube concentric master (07) sliding axially in the rotating part and rotating with it, further characterized in that the interface decouples between the linear movement and the rotational movement leaving the entire freedom thereof. 2. Actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'interface mécanique est constituée de roulements à billes aptes à supporter une charge axiale.2. Hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical interface is made of ball bearings capable of supporting an axial load. 3. Actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'interface mécanique est constituée de roulements à rouleaux coniques.Hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical interface consists of tapered roller bearings. 4. Actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'interface mécanique est constituée de roulements à billes à double piste aptes à supporter une charge axiale plus grande que les roulements à simple piste.4. Hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the mechanical interface is made of dual-track ball bearings capable of withstanding a greater axial load than single-track bearings. 5. Actionneur hydraulique à découplage de mouvements selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'interface mécanique est constituée d'une association d'un ou de plusieurs roulements et de butées à billes.5. motion-independent hydraulic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanical interface consists of a combination of one or more bearings and thrust bearings. 6. Combinaison d'un actionneur hydraulique principal à découplage de mouvements selon la revendication 1 avec un convertisseur hydropneumatique, caractérisée en ce que le convertisseur comporte un cylindre pneumatique (24) contenant un piston pneumatique de forme annulaire (20), caractérisée en outre en ce que le piston pneumatique peut entraîner dans son mouvement linéaire un ou plusieurs cylindres hydrauliques (19, 25) amplificateurs de pression comportant des pistons de section moindre que la section du piston pneumatique, les cylindres hydrauliques amplificateurs étant connectés au cylindre hydraulique principal de l'actionneur à découplage par des conduites internes, alimentant le cylindre hydraulique principal en huile en constituant un circuit hydraulique autonome confiné dans le convertisseur hydropneumatique, dispensant ainsi l'alimentation du cylindre hydraulique principal à découplage par une pompe hydraulique externe.Combination of a main hydraulic actuator with motion decoupling according to claim 1 with a hydropneumatic converter, characterized in that the converter comprises a pneumatic cylinder (24) containing an annular pneumatic piston (20), further characterized in that the pneumatic piston can drive in its linear movement one or more hydraulic cylinders (19, 25) pressure amplifiers comprising pistons of smaller section than the section of the pneumatic piston, the hydraulic cylinders amplifiers being connected to the main hydraulic cylinder of the decoupling actuator by internal pipes, supplying the main hydraulic cylinder with oil by constituting an autonomous hydraulic circuit confined in the converter hydropneumatic, thus providing power to the decoupling main hydraulic cylinder by an external hydraulic pump. 7. Emploi de l'actionneur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 ou de la combinaison selon la revendication 6, en association avec une machine-outil, en particulier avec un tour à commande numérique de type CNC ou manuel, caractérisé en ce que la partie en rotation (08) comporte à son extrémité une bride d'adaptation à la poulie motrice (13) de la machine, rendant ainsi cette partie en rotation solidaire de la poulie de la machine, et caractérisé en outre en ce que le tube maître (07) peut commander par son mouvement axial le serrage et le desserrage du dispositif de fixation de la pièce à usiner, en particulier par l'intermédiaire du tube ou de l'axe concentrique habituellement intégré dans la broche de la machine- outil. 7. Use of the actuator according to one of claims 1 to 5 or the combination according to claim 6, in association with a machine tool, in particular with a CNC-controlled or manual CNC lathe, characterized in that that the rotating part (08) comprises at its end a flange for adaptation to the driving pulley (13) of the machine, thus making this part in rotation integral with the pulley of the machine, and further characterized in that the the master tube (07) can control by its axial movement the clamping and loosening of the fastening device of the workpiece, in particular via the tube or the concentric axis usually integrated in the spindle of the machine tool .
PCT/IB2009/052624 2009-06-18 2009-06-18 Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools Ceased WO2010146419A2 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2009/052624 WO2010146419A2 (en) 2009-06-18 2009-06-18 Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2009/052624 WO2010146419A2 (en) 2009-06-18 2009-06-18 Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools

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WO2010146419A2 true WO2010146419A2 (en) 2010-12-23
WO2010146419A3 WO2010146419A3 (en) 2011-08-18

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PCT/IB2009/052624 Ceased WO2010146419A2 (en) 2009-06-18 2009-06-18 Hydraulic actuator with movement decoupling, combination of such a hydraulic actuator with a hydropneumatic converter, and application of such an actuator to machine-tools

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2948542A (en) * 1958-05-29 1960-08-09 Gisholt Machine Co Two-jaw indexing chuck
DE1925043A1 (en) * 1968-05-25 1969-12-04 Ind Sirmei Lathe chuck with quick release
FR2404492A1 (en) * 1977-09-30 1979-04-27 Lejeune Sa Hydropneumatic ram for machine tool vice - multiplies force using two prim, pneumatic rams operating sec hydraulic ram
DE3226784C1 (en) * 1982-07-17 1984-03-22 Gildemeister Ag, 4800 Bielefeld Circumferential hollow clamping device for machine tools to operate collets and chucks

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