WO2010146868A1 - 作動液およびそれを用いた装置 - Google Patents
作動液およびそれを用いた装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010146868A1 WO2010146868A1 PCT/JP2010/004057 JP2010004057W WO2010146868A1 WO 2010146868 A1 WO2010146868 A1 WO 2010146868A1 JP 2010004057 W JP2010004057 W JP 2010004057W WO 2010146868 A1 WO2010146868 A1 WO 2010146868A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/006—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium characterised by the nature of the damping medium, e.g. biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H41/00—Rotary fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H41/32—Selection of working fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/0203—Hydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
- C10M2207/0225—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/103—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
- C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10M2211/0425—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2213/003—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
- C10M2229/025—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a working fluid used by being sealed in a liquid seal space in the apparatus.
- JP 60-34541 A JP-A-5-64897
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a working fluid capable of suppressing the magnitude of a shock wave generated when cavitation collapses.
- the working fluid according to the present invention is a working fluid used by being sealed in a liquid-sealed space in the apparatus, and contains a first liquid and a second liquid that are insoluble in each other.
- the second liquid contains less weight than the first liquid and has a higher vapor pressure at the same temperature than the main component of the first liquid.
- the surface tension of the second liquid is smaller than the surface tension of the first liquid.
- the working fluid sealed in the liquid seal space contains the first liquid and the second liquid that are insoluble in each other, and the second liquid contains less weight than the first liquid. Therefore, in the present invention, when the working fluid flows in the liquid-sealed space, the innumerable second liquids that have become granular are dispersed in the first liquid in an independent state. For example, when the liquid sealing space expands or when the working fluid flows at high speed in the liquid sealing space and the liquid pressure in the liquid sealing space decreases, the vapor pressure is higher than the main component of the first liquid. Cavitation occurs preferentially with two liquids.
- shock waves generated from the individual second liquids dispersed in the first liquid interfere with each other and cancel their energy. Therefore, as described above, the shock wave generated in the second liquid is suppressed to be small, and the magnitude of the shock wave generated in the entire working fluid in the liquid seal space when cavitation collapses is further suppressed. Thereafter, when the flow of the working fluid in the liquid seal space is continued, the second liquid is more finely dispersed in the first liquid and evenly distributed over the entire area. For this reason, the above-described effects are effectively achieved.
- the working fluid of the second liquid which has a higher vapor pressure than the main component of the first liquid and easily generates cavitation, is less in weight than the first liquid. Therefore, the physical property of the first liquid is suppressed from being inhibited by the second liquid, and the physical property of the first liquid can be exhibited as the performance of the working fluid.
- the second liquid since the surface tension of the second liquid is smaller than the surface tension of the first liquid, the second liquid can be surely made into fine particles in the first liquid and dispersed independently of each other. For this reason, the above-described effects are more effectively achieved.
- the first liquid may contain at least one of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.
- the second liquid may contain at least one of silicone oil, mineral oil, fluorine oil, and higher alcohol. Further, the first liquid may be contained in an amount of 50.1 wt% or more and 99.9 wt% or less, and the second liquid may be contained in an amount of 0.1 wt% or more and 49.9 wt% or less.
- the physical property of the first liquid is reliably inhibited from being inhibited by the second liquid, and the physical property of the first liquid can be more reliably exhibited as the performance of the working fluid.
- the working fluid according to the present invention can suppress the magnitude of a shock wave generated when cavitation collapses.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing of the principal part of the test apparatus used for the verification test of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view of the testing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration.
- the working fluid according to the present embodiment is used by being enclosed in a liquid seal space in the apparatus.
- the working fluid which concerns on this embodiment has the effect
- transmitting energy such as a kinetic energy and a thermal energy within an apparatus
- the performance required for the device is exhibited based on the above-described action of the working fluid.
- This working fluid is, for example, sealed in an ink pressurization mechanism or various hydraulic devices of an ink jet printer, and flows through the device to transmit kinetic energy, a cooling device for cooling a liquid crystal panel unit in a liquid crystal projector, or other cooling Enclosed in a heat medium (for example, a refrigerant) that flows inside the device and flows inside the device enclosed in a device or a heating device, and in a vibration isolator (for example, an engine mount or suspension of an automobile), flows inside the device and is input. It is suitably used as a sealing liquid that absorbs and attenuates vibrations.
- a heat medium for example, a refrigerant
- a vibration isolator for example, an engine mount or suspension of an automobile
- the working fluid is enclosed in the liquid sealing space configured by a liquid chamber formed by, for example, a cylinder or a sealed container, and a flow path formed by a pipe, a tube, or the like.
- the working fluid contains a first liquid and a second liquid that are insoluble in each other.
- the second liquid contains less weight than the first liquid and has a higher vapor pressure than the main component of the first liquid at the same temperature. Further, the surface tension of the second liquid is smaller than that of the first liquid. Furthermore, the second liquid has a lower polarity than the first liquid. Furthermore, the second liquid has a higher molecular weight than the first liquid.
- the second liquid has a vapor pressure higher than that of the main component of the first liquid and a surface tension lower than that of the first liquid at at least one point in the temperature range of ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower. Further, for example, the second liquid has a vapor pressure that is twice or more the vapor pressure of the main component of the first liquid.
- the first liquid as described above preferably contains at least one of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, for example.
- the second liquid include at least one of silicone oil, mineral oil, fluorine oil, and higher alcohol.
- the second liquid may contain at least one of, for example, silicone oil, mineral oil, fluorine oil, higher alcohol, aromatic compound, and phenols.
- the higher alcohol refers to an alcohol that is liquid at normal temperature (eg, 5 ° C. to 35 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure, and has 6 or more carbon atoms.
- the working fluid contains 50.1 wt% or more and 99.9 wt% or less of the first liquid, and contains 0.1 wt% or more and 49.9 wt% or less of the second liquid.
- the working fluid contains 80 wt% or more and 99.9 wt% or less of the first liquid, and contains 0.1 wt% or more and 20 wt% or less of the second liquid.
- the working fluid sealed in the liquid seal space contains the first liquid and the second liquid that are insoluble in each other, and the second liquid is the first liquid. Contains less weight than liquid. Therefore, when the working fluid flows in the liquid-sealed space, the innumerable second liquids that are granular are dispersed in the first liquid in an independent state. For example, when the liquid sealing space expands or when the working fluid flows at high speed in the liquid sealing space and the liquid pressure in the liquid sealing space decreases, the vapor pressure is higher than the main component of the first liquid. Cavitation occurs preferentially with two liquids.
- this embodiment can suppress the shock wave generated due to the cavitation collapse in the first liquid.
- the second liquid is dispersed in the first liquid as described above, the bubbles generated in the second liquid can be prevented from growing greatly. Therefore, in this embodiment, an increase in the contraction speed of bubbles during condensation is suppressed, and a shock wave generated due to cavitation collapse in the second liquid can be suppressed to a small value.
- this embodiment can suppress the magnitude
- the present embodiment can suppress the shock wave generated in the second liquid as described above, and can further suppress the magnitude of the shock wave generated in the entire working fluid in the liquid seal space when the cavitation collapses. Thereafter, when the flow of the working fluid in the liquid seal space is continued, the second liquid is more finely dispersed in the first liquid and evenly distributed over the entire area, and the above-described effects are effectively achieved. .
- the working fluid of the second liquid that has a higher vapor pressure than the main component of the first liquid and is likely to generate cavitation contains less weight than the first liquid. Therefore, the physical property of the first liquid is suppressed from being inhibited by the second liquid, and the physical property of the first liquid can be exhibited as the performance of the working fluid.
- the second liquid can be surely made into fine particles in the first liquid and dispersed independently of each other. For this reason, the above-described effects are more effectively achieved.
- the first liquid contains at least one of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol
- the second liquid contains at least one of silicone oil, mineral oil, fluorine oil, and higher alcohol.
- the first liquid contains 50.1 wt% or more and 99.9 wt% or less
- the second liquid contains 0.1 wt% or more and 49.9 wt% or less. Therefore, this embodiment can suppress reliably that the physical property of a 1st liquid is inhibited by the 2nd liquid, and can exhibit the physical property of a 1st liquid more reliably as a performance of a working fluid.
- the working fluid is not limited to two types of liquids and may contain three or more types of liquids.
- the surface tension of the 2nd liquid was made smaller than the 1st liquid, it is not restricted to this.
- the first liquid may be composed of a plurality of compatible components (liquids).
- the vapor pressure of the first liquid may be higher than the vapor pressure of the second liquid.
- the first liquid is compatible ethylene glycol (vapor pressure at normal temperature 13.4 Pa, content ratio 96%, main component) and water (vapor pressure 3173 Pa at normal temperature, content ratio 4%, subcomponent)
- the vapor pressure of the first liquid (mixed solution) is 400 Pa
- the vapor pressure of the second liquid is higher than the vapor pressure (13.4 Pa) of the main component of the first liquid. Even if it is lower than the vapor pressure (400 Pa) of one liquid, the effect of suppressing the occurrence of cavitation can be obtained.
- the first liquid may contain water alone, ethylene glycol alone, propylene glycol alone, or at least two of these.
- the second liquid may contain silicone oil alone, mineral oil alone, fluorine oil alone, higher alcohol alone, or at least two of these.
- the test apparatus 1 includes a measurement tube portion 3 in which a restriction passage 2 extending in the direction of the axis O is formed, and from one end opening portion 3 a of the measurement tube portion 3 to the other end opening portion 3 b.
- Supply means 4 for supplying the working fluid to the inside of the measuring cylinder part 3 so that the working fluid flows toward the measuring cylinder part, and the measuring cylinder part according to the amount of the working fluid supplied to the inside of the measuring cylinder part 3 by the supplying means 4 3 and the discharge part 5 from which the working fluid is discharged from the other end opening 3b.
- the one end opening 3a side along the axis O direction is the upstream side
- the other end opening 3b side is the downstream side.
- the working fluid is caused to flow from the upstream side toward the downstream side (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1).
- the supply means 4 is arranged on the upstream side and coaxially with respect to the measurement cylinder part 3, communicates with the inside of the measurement cylinder part 3 and is filled with a working fluid, and within the cylinder 4 a from the upstream side to the downstream side And a piston 4b for supplying the working fluid filled in the cylinder 4a to the inside of the measuring cylinder portion 3.
- the measurement tube portion 3 is arranged coaxially inside the outer tube portion 6 and the outer tube portion 6 with the inner diameter being constant regardless of the position in the axis O direction, and the outer peripheral surface is the outer tube.
- an inner cylinder portion 7 connected to the inner peripheral surface of the portion 6 over the entire circumference.
- the restriction passage 2 having a circular shape in a cross-sectional view extending so as to penetrate the inner cylinder portion 7 along the axis O direction is formed coaxially with the axis O.
- the restriction passage 2 includes a first passage 8 having a constant diameter regardless of the position in the direction of the axis O, and a second passage 9 connected to the downstream side of the first passage 8 and gradually increasing in diameter from the upstream side toward the downstream side. And is composed of.
- the upstream side hydraulic pressure sensor 10 and the downstream side hydraulic pressure sensor 11 that measure the hydraulic pressure are respectively connected to the restriction passage 2 from the upstream side and the downstream side from the downstream side. It is provided above.
- the cylinder 4a is provided with a displacement sensor (not shown) that measures the amount of displacement along the axis O direction of the piston 4b.
- a fluid storage unit (not shown) disposed on the downstream side of the discharge unit 5 is provided with a temperature measurement sensor that measures the temperature of the working fluid filled in the test apparatus 1.
- An acceleration sensor (not shown) that measures the vibration acceleration correlated with the magnitude of the shock wave generated at the time of cavitation collapse as a voltage value is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the measurement tube portion 3 with an interval in the direction of the axis O.
- One is provided.
- Two of these four acceleration sensors are provided at positions corresponding to the second passage 9 on the outer peripheral surface of the measurement tube portion 3, and the remaining two are measured tube portions on the outer peripheral surface of the measurement tube portion 3.
- 3 is provided at a position corresponding to a portion connected to the second passage 9 from the downstream side.
- the inner diameter L1 of the outer tube portion 6 is 43 mm
- the diameter L2 of the first passage 8 is 5.5 mm
- the diameter L3 of the downstream end of the second passage 9 is 20 mm
- the first passage 8 The length L4 along the axis O direction is 60 mm
- the length L5 along the axis O direction of the second passage 9 is 40 mm
- the length L6 along the direction is set to 60 mm
- the length L7 along the axis O direction between the downstream end of the restriction passage 2 and the downstream hydraulic pressure sensor 11 is set to 25 mm.
- HFE-7300 Novec (registered trademark) HFE-7300 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.) (hereinafter referred to as HFE-7300), which is a fluorine oil, was adopted.
- HFE-7200 Novec (registered trademark) HFE-7200 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.) (hereinafter referred to as HFE-7200), which is a fluorine oil, was employed.
- HFE-7200 a silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity of 1 cSt (hereinafter referred to as HFE-7200).
- silicone oil 2cSt silicone oil having a kinematic viscosity of 2 cSt
- the vapor pressure of each liquid at 25 ° C. is 7 Pa for ethylene glycol, 6000 Pa for HFE-7300, 16000 Pa for HFE-7200, 679.9 Pa for silicone oil 1cSt, and 14.7 Pa for silicone oil 2cSt.
- Example 1 In each of the first to fourth verification tests, in Example 1, the content ratio of the second liquid was 0.25% by weight, and in Example 2, the content ratio of the second liquid was 0.50% by weight. In Example 3, the content ratio of the second liquid is 1% by weight. In Example 4, the content ratio of the second liquid is 2% by weight. In Example 5, the content ratio of the second liquid is 4% by weight. Then, the content ratio of the second liquid is 8% by weight.
- one end of the measurement cylinder part 3 is supplied by the supply means 4 with each working fluid filled in the measurement cylinder part 3. It was made to flow toward the other end opening 3b from the opening 3a, and the vibration acceleration was measured as a voltage value (V) by the acceleration sensor.
- the measured value measured by the downstream hydraulic pressure sensor 11 is used as the downstream hydraulic pressure Pd, and measured by the temperature measuring sensor as the liquid temperature t for calculating the vapor pressure Pv and the density ⁇ . Measured values are used.
- the vapor pressure and density of the first liquid at the liquid temperature t are used as the vapor pressure Pv and the density ⁇ . That is, the cavitation number in Examples 1 to 6 is the cavitation number when the working fluid is composed of the first liquid alone.
- the flow velocity V was calculated based on the displacement amount of the piston 4b measured by the displacement sensor.
- FIGS. 3 to 6 are graphs showing the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration, respectively.
- the horizontal axis of the graph is the cavitation number (dimensionalless amount), and the vertical axis is the vibration acceleration (V).
- the results of the first to fourth verification tests are shown in the order of FIGS.
- the value of the vibration acceleration in each graph is the maximum value among the vibration accelerations measured by the four acceleration sensors.
- Examples 1 to 6 had a tendency for vibration acceleration to be lower than that of the conventional example. Therefore, the working fluid containing the second liquid whose vapor pressure is higher than the main component of the first liquid at the same temperature and less in weight than the first liquid can suppress the magnitude of the shock wave generated at the time of cavitation collapse. confirmed. Further, from the comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and the comparison between FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, when the main component of the second liquid is the same, the difference between the vapor pressure of the first liquid and the vapor pressure of the second liquid is large. Thus, it was confirmed that the above-described effects were more effectively achieved.
- a fifth verification test was performed using a working fluid having a different type from any of the working fluids used in the first to fourth verification tests described above.
- the fifth verification test will be described only with respect to differences from the first verification test.
- water was used as the first liquid
- the vapor pressures at 25 ° C. of both liquids are 3173 Pa for water and 280000 Pa for HFE-7100.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of cavitations and vibration acceleration.
- the horizontal axis of the graph is the number of cavitations (dimensionalless amount), and the vertical axis is vibration acceleration (V).
- the value of the vibration acceleration in the graph is the maximum value among the vibration accelerations measured by the four acceleration sensors. From this result, it was confirmed that Examples 1 to 6 had a tendency for vibration acceleration to be lower than that of the conventional example, and it was confirmed that the magnitude of the shock wave generated at the time of cavitation collapse was suppressed.
- the working fluid according to the present invention can suppress the magnitude of a shock wave generated when cavitation collapses.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る作動流体は、装置内の液封空間に封入されて用いられる作動流体であって、互いに不溶な第1液体および第2液体を含有する。そして、前記第2液体は、前記第1液体よりも含有される重量が少なく、かつ第1液体の主たる成分よりも同一温度において蒸気圧が高い。
そして、例えば液封空間が膨張したり、作動流体が液封空間内を高速に流動することで液封空間の液圧が低下するときに、第1液体の主たる成分よりも蒸気圧が高い第2液体で優先的にキャビテーションが発生する。これにより、液封空間の大きな液圧低下が抑えられて第1液体にキャビテーションが発生するのが抑制される。そのため、たとえ第1液体にキャビテーションが発生しても、気泡の成長が抑えられる。したがって、第1液体中のキャビテーション崩壊に起因して発生する衝撃波を小さく抑えることができる。
一方、第2液体は、第1液体中で前述のように分散しているので、この第2液体中で発生する気泡が大きく成長するのが抑えられる。したがって、凝縮時における気泡の収縮速度の増加が抑制され、第2液体中のキャビテーション崩壊に起因して発生する衝撃波を小さく抑えることができる。
以上より、キャビテーション崩壊の際に液封空間内の作動流体全体で発生する衝撃波の大きさが抑制される。
なおその後、液封空間内での作動流体の流動が継続されると、第2液体が第1液体中でより一層細かくかつ全域にわたって均等に分散される。そのため、前述の作用効果が効果的に奏功される。
さらに、前記第1液体が50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有され、前記第2液体が、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有されても良い。
本実施形態に係る作動流体は、装置内の液封空間に封入されて用いられる。そして、本実施形態に係る作動流体は、例えば装置内で運動エネルギーや熱エネルギー等のエネルギーを伝達する、あるいは装置外部から加えられる荷重を吸収および減衰する等の作用を奏効する。そして、この作動流体が液封空間に封入された装置においては、作動流体の前述した作用に基づいてその装置に要求される性能が発揮される。
この作動流体は、例えば、インクジェットプリンタのインク加圧機構や各種油圧装置などに封入され装置内部を流動して運動エネルギーを伝達する作動油、液晶プロジェクタにおける液晶パネルユニットを冷却する冷却装置やその他冷却装置もしくは加熱装置に封入され装置内部を流動して熱エネルギーを伝達する熱媒体(例えば冷媒など)、および防振装置(例えば自動車のエンジンマウントやサスペンション)に封入され装置内部を流動して入力された振動を吸収および減衰する封入液などとして好適に採用される。
なお、作動流体は、以上に例示した各装置において、例えばシリンダや密閉容器などで形成される液室、およびパイプやチューブなどで形成される流路等によって構成される前記液封空間に封入される。
そして、本実施形態では、第2液体は、含有される重量が第1液体よりも少なく、かつ同一温度において第1液体の主たる成分よりも蒸気圧が高い。また、第2液体の表面張力は、第1液体よりも小さい。さらに、第2液体は、第1液体よりも極性が低い。さらに、第2液体は、第1液体よりも分子量が高い。
なお、-30℃以上100℃以下の温度範囲のうちの少なくとも一点で、第2液体は、蒸気圧が第1液体の主たる成分よりも高く、表面張力が第1液体よりも小さい。また、例えば、第2液体は、第1液体の主たる成分の蒸気圧の2倍以上の蒸気圧を有する。
本実施形態では、作動流体は、第1液体を50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、第2液体を、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有している。好ましくは、作動流体は、第1液体を80重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、第2液体を、0.1重量%以上20重量%以下含有している。
そして、例えば液封空間が膨張したり、作動流体が液封空間内を高速に流動することで液封空間の液圧が低下するときに、蒸気圧が第1液体の主たる成分よりも高い第2液体で優先的にキャビテーションが発生する。これにより、液封空間の大きな液圧低下が抑えられて第1液体にキャビテーションが発生することが抑制される。そして、たとえこの第1液体にキャビテーションが発生しても、気泡の成長が抑えられる。したがって、本実施形態は、第1液体中のキャビテーション崩壊に起因して発生する衝撃波を小さく抑えることができる。
一方、第2液体は、第1液体中で前述のように分散しているので、この第2液体中で発生する気泡が大きく成長することが抑えられる。したがって、本実施形態は、凝縮時における気泡の収縮速度の増加が抑制され、第2液体中のキャビテーション崩壊に起因して発生する衝撃波を小さく抑えることができる。
以上より、本実施形態は、キャビテーション崩壊の際に液封空間内の作動流体全体で発生する衝撃波の大きさを抑制できる。
なおその後、液封空間内での作動流体の流動が継続されると、第2液体が第1液体中でより一層細かくかつ全域にわたって均等に分散され、前述の作用効果が効果的に奏功される。
例えば、作動流体は、2種類の液体に限らず、3種類以上の液体を含有しても良い。
また、前記実施形態では、第2液体の表面張力は、第1液体よりも小さくしたが、これに限られない。
まず、この検証試験に用いた試験装置について、図面を参照して説明する。
図1に示すように、試験装置1は、内部にその軸線O方向に延びる制限通路2が形成された測定筒部3と、この測定筒部3の一端開口部3aから他端開口部3bに向けて作動流体が流動するように作動流体を測定筒部3の内部に供給する供給手段4と、供給手段4によって測定筒部3の内部に供給される作動流体の量に応じて測定筒部3の他端開口部3bから作動流体が排出される排出部5と、を備える。
なお以下では、測定筒部3において、軸線O方向に沿った一端開口部3a側を上流側、他端開口部3b側を下流側とする。また、この検証試験に際して、作動流体は、上流側から下流側に向けて(図1の矢印方向)に流される。
図2に示すように、測定筒部3は、内径が軸線O方向の位置によらず一定の外筒部6と、外筒部6の内部に同軸に配設されるとともに外周面が外筒部6の内周面に全周にわたって連結された内筒部7と、を備える。そして、内筒部7には、内筒部7を軸線O方向に沿って貫通するように延びる横断面視円形状の前記制限通路2が、軸線Oと同軸に形成されている。
制限通路2は、直径が軸線O方向の位置によらず一定の第1通路8と、第1通路8の下流側に連なり直径が上流側から下流側に向けて漸次拡径する第2通路9と、で構成されている。
また、シリンダ4aには、ピストン4bの軸線O方向に沿った変位量を測定する図示されない変位センサーが設けられている。
また、排出部5よりも下流側に配設された図示されない流体貯留部には、試験装置1の内部に充填された作動流体の温度を測定する温度測定センサーが設けられている。
各検証試験において、従来例として、第1液体単体からなる作動流体を採用し、実施例1~6として、第1液体および第2液体からなる作動流体を採用した。
各検証試験において、第1液体としては、エチレングリコールを採用した。
また、第2液体としては、第1の検証試験では、フッ素オイルであるノベック(登録商標)HFE-7300(住友スリーエム株式会社製)(以下、HFE-7300という)を採用し、第2の検証試験では、フッ素オイルであるノベック(登録商標)HFE-7200(住友スリーエム株式会社製)(以下、HFE-7200という)を採用し、第3の検証試験では、動粘度が1cStのシリコーンオイル(以下、シリコーンオイル1cStという)を採用し、第4の検証試験では、動粘度が2cStのシリコーンオイル(以下、シリコーンオイル2cStという)を採用した。
なお、キャビテーション数σは、下記式から算出される。
σ=(Pd-Pv)/(1/2・ρV2)
ただし、Pdは、制限通路2よりも下流側の下流液圧(Pa)、Pvは、検証時の液温tでの作動流体の蒸気圧(Pa)、ρは、検証時の液温tでの作動流体の密度(kg/m3)、Vは、制限通路2内での作動流体の流速(m/s)をそれぞれ表している。
本検証試験では、下流液圧Pdとして、下流側液圧センサー11で測定された測定値が用いられ、蒸気圧Pvおよび密度ρを算出するための液温tとして、前記温度測定センサーで測定された測定値が用いられている。また、従来例および実施例1~6のいずれにおいても、蒸気圧Pvおよび密度ρとして、液温tにおける第1液体の蒸気圧および密度が用いられている。つまり、実施例1~6におけるキャビテーション数は、作動流体が第1液体単体からなる場合のキャビテーション数とした。また、流速Vは、前記変位センサーで測定するピストン4bの変位量に基づいて算出された。
また、図3と図4との比較、および図5と図6との比較から、第2液体の主成分が同じ場合、第1液体の蒸気圧と第2液体の蒸気圧との差が大きいほど、前述の効果がより効果的に奏功されることが確認された。
第5の検証試験では、第1液体として水を採用し、第2液体としてフッ素オイルであるノベック(登録商標)HFE-7100(住友スリーエム株式会社製)(以下、HFE-7100という)を採用した。
なお、両液体の25℃における蒸気圧は、水が3173Pa、HFE-7100が280000Paである。
この結果より、実施例1~6は、従来例よりも振動加速度が低下する傾向にあることが確認され、キャビテーション崩壊の際に発生する衝撃波の大きさが抑制されることが確認された。
Claims (9)
- 装置内の液封空間に封入されて用いられる作動流体であって、
互いに不溶な第1液体および第2液体を含有し、
前記第2液体は、前記第1液体よりも含有される重量が少なく、かつ第1液体の主たる成分よりも同一温度において蒸気圧が高い作動流体。 - 前記第2液体の表面張力は、前記第1液体の表面張力よりも小さい請求項1記載の作動流体。
- 前記第1液体は、エチレングリコールおよびプロピレングリコールのうち少なくとも1つを含有し、
前記第2液体は、シリコーンオイル、鉱物油、フッ素オイルおよび高級アルコールのうち少なくとも1つを含有している請求項1記載の作動流体。 - 前記第1液体は、エチレングリコールおよびプロピレングリコールのうち少なくとも1つを含有し、
前記第2液体は、シリコーンオイル、鉱物油、フッ素オイルおよび高級アルコールのうち少なくとも1つを含有している請求項2記載の作動流体。 - 前記第1液体を50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、前記第2液体を、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有している請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の作動流体を用いた冷却装置。
- 前記第1液体を50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、前記第2液体を、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有している請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の作動流体を用いた加圧機構。
- 前記第1液体を50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、前記第2液体を、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有している請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の作動流体を用いた油圧機構。
- 前記第1液体を50.1重量%以上99.9重量%以下含有し、前記第2液体を、0.1重量%以上49.9重量%以下含有している請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の作動流体を用いた加熱装置。
- 装置内の液封空間に封入されて用いられる作動流体であって、
互いに不溶な第1液体および第2液体を含有し、
前記第2液体の表面張力は前記第1液体の表面張力よりも小さい作動流体。
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/378,619 US20120126167A1 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | Working liquid and device utilizing same |
| EP10789247.3A EP2447345A4 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | WORKING LIQUID AND DEVICE USING THIS |
| JP2011519573A JPWO2010146868A1 (ja) | 2009-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | 作動液およびそれを用いた装置 |
| CN201080036374.9A CN102459532B (zh) | 2009-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | 工作液和使用该工作液的装置 |
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| JP2009144620 | 2009-06-17 | ||
| JP2009-144620 | 2009-06-17 |
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| US (1) | US20120126167A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2447345A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2010146868A1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102459532B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010146868A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013227380A (ja) * | 2012-04-24 | 2013-11-07 | Cci Corp | 作動液 |
| JP2022191575A (ja) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-28 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 摺動面間の低摩擦構造及びその付与方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020003012A1 (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-02 | Measurement Specialties, Inc. | Vacuum-resistant pressure sensing device |
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| JP2022191575A (ja) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-28 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 摺動面間の低摩擦構造及びその付与方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20120126167A1 (en) | 2012-05-24 |
| JPWO2010146868A1 (ja) | 2012-11-29 |
| CN102459532A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
| EP2447345A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| EP2447345A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| CN102459532B (zh) | 2016-06-08 |
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