WO2011028515A2 - Procédés et appareil de pyrolyse d'un matériau - Google Patents

Procédés et appareil de pyrolyse d'un matériau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011028515A2
WO2011028515A2 PCT/US2010/046461 US2010046461W WO2011028515A2 WO 2011028515 A2 WO2011028515 A2 WO 2011028515A2 US 2010046461 W US2010046461 W US 2010046461W WO 2011028515 A2 WO2011028515 A2 WO 2011028515A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
gaseous hydrocarbons
recited
pyrolysis
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2010/046461
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2011028515A3 (fr
Inventor
Stanislaw Kostek, Sr.
Stanislaw Kostek, Jr.
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP10814234.0A priority Critical patent/EP2470621A4/fr
Publication of WO2011028515A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011028515A2/fr
Publication of WO2011028515A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011028515A3/fr
Priority to US13/404,843 priority patent/US20120217150A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
    • C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0273—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using indirect heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/02—Gasoline
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • F23G2203/801—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone using conveyors
    • F23G2203/8013—Screw conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50205—Waste pre-treatment by pyrolysis, gasification or cracking followed by condensation of gas into combustible oil or fat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the processing of materials having organic components, such as, used tires, to recover usable hydrocarbons, such as fuels, and/or metals.
  • aspects of the present invention include processes for treating used tires to recover usable fuels.
  • Tires are highly engineered materials and are generally composed of rubber, carbon black, steel, fabric, sulfur, and additives, among other components.
  • Styrene- butadiene rubber is most commonly used in the manufacture of automobile and truck tires.
  • Various carbon blacks are used in tires to strengthen the rubber and improve the resistance of the rubber to abrasion.
  • commodity plastics or polymers are discarded each year. Although collection and recycling of common waste polymers is more prevalent today, still a large portion of these materials is still discarded because of the cost of recycling and only limited technologies are available to sustain economically viable recycling.
  • Pyrolysis can (depending upon the technology and conditions employed) convert feed materials, such as, used tires and other materials containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, into liquid hydrocarbon fuels; gaseous materials, for example, mixtures of CO and H 2 commonly referred to as synthesis gas or simply "syngas”; and elemental carbon (C) of varying quality.
  • feed materials such as, used tires and other materials containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
  • gaseous materials for example, mixtures of CO and H 2 commonly referred to as synthesis gas or simply “syngas”
  • elemental carbon (C) of varying quality.
  • Each of these resultant materials can be valuable products.
  • pyrolysis technology and conditions prevalent heretofore typically, instead of producing quality products, the results of prior art pyrolysis processing have commonly been the production of low value hydrocarbons, poor quality syngas, and low activity carbon black, among other things.
  • Patent No. 4,261,795 of Reilly U.S. Patent No. 4,347, 119 of Thomas; U.S. Patent No. 4,501, 644 of Thomas; U.S. Patent No. 5,198,018 of Agarwal; U.S. Patent No. 5,411,714 of Wu, et al.; U.S. Patent No. 5,523,060, of Hogan; U.S. Patent No.
  • the Aulbaugh screw does not convey material through the pyrolysis chamber; as explained in the passage from column 10, line 55 to column 12, line 14, the auger 45/47 is part of an "airlock 40" through which material can be introduced or removed from the pyrolysis chamber.
  • the feed materials are fed into an elongated pyrolysis chamber in a manner designed to limit the introduction of air, since air (which is principally oxygen and nitrogen), may adversely affect the quality of the syngas or gaseous hydrocarbons produced.
  • air which is principally oxygen and nitrogen
  • a double air lock is used at the point of feed introduction to minimize or prevent the introduction of air.
  • An air lock may also be used at the exit of the chamber.
  • the material treated in vessel 12 comprise any petroleum-based material, for example, elastomers or plastics, for example, recycled plastics and the like.
  • One source of feed material that may be provided are rubber tires, for example, scrap tires, comminuted by conventional shredding devices or grinders to provide tire particles or "crumb" rubber tire pieces.
  • the feed mechanism that introduces material 28 to apparatus 10 may also preferably ensure that substantially all of the air contained in the waste is extracted, for example, using commercially available isolation devices, such as, auger extruder feeders or ram feeders.
  • isolation devices such as, auger extruder feeders or ram feeders.
  • conveyor 18 may typically be supported at only a first end, that is, an end of conveyor 18 operatively driven by motor 20, and have a second free end opposite the first end.
  • the second free end may be free to flex or deflect, for example, flex or deflect as the material loading on conveyor 18 varies, for example, varies along the length of chamber 12 or about the inside diameter of chamber 12.
  • the horsepower of motor 20 may vary depending upon the size of conveyor 18 and the nature of material 28 being transferred.
  • the circulation of coolant through two or more heat exchangers may be practiced in a counter-current fashion, that is, with the coolest coolant cooling the coolest gaseous hydrocarbons, or in a co-current fashion, that is, with the coolest coolant cooling the hottest gaseous hydrocarbons.
  • the condensed liquid hydrocarbon for example, an oil
  • the non-condensed gaseous hydrocarbon for example, methane, ethane, or propane, may be discharged from condenser system 42 via conduit 48.
  • the non-volatile material for example, carbon black, steel, and other inorganic material that remains in the vessel 12 after the volatile compounds have been driven off are discharged from outlet 50, see FIGURE 1. These materials may be forwarded to further processing, for example, screening, metal removal, or to storage for latter use or recycling.
  • Table 3 lists the results of chemical analysis of the typical constituents of solids removed from vessel 12 according to aspects of the invention. As indicated, the solids produced are primarily carbon. Table 3
  • the processing in chamber 12 may be practiced at various pressures. For example, maintaining a slight positive or over pressure in the reactor may be beneficial in embodiments in which production of gaseous hydrocarbons is sought to be maximized. Alternately, reactor 12 may be operated under vacuum, for example, to minimize potential safety issues.
  • liquid hydrocarbon stream was further processed by distillation into gasoline, diesel, heating oil and other "cuts.”
  • the gaseous hydrocarbon stream has a BTU value comparable to natural gas and was recycled back to the pyrolyzer as fuel for the pyrolozer gas fired heater.
  • the steel and carbon were cooled and collected as a mixture of solids (about 570 lbs/hour were produced). The steel was separated from the mixture by use of a magnetic separator.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur des procédés et des systèmes (10) qui permettent de traiter de façon pratiquement continue un matériau broyé (28) contenant du carbone et de l'hydrogène, par exemple des pneus usés. Les procédés comprennent les étapes consistant à introduire le matériau de pneu dans une chambre allongée (12), à le transférer à travers la chambre allongée, à chauffer le matériau de pneu à une température suffisante pour effectuer la pyrolyse du matériau afin d'obtenir un flux gazeux ; à évacuer le flux gazeux de la chambre et à refroidir au moins une partie du flux gazeux pour liquéfier des composants du flux. Le transfert peut être effectué par un transporteur à vis sans fin flexible, sans centre (18) afin de réduire à un minimum l'accumulation de matériau dans la cuve. Le refroidissement du flux gazeux peut être obtenu par condensation inverse. L'appareil peut en outre comporter un agitateur (52) placé dans une conduite (40) raccordée de façon fonctionnelle à une sortie (38) de la chambre (12), l'agitateur étant conçu pour déplacer tout condensat formé dans la conduite (40).
PCT/US2010/046461 2006-11-06 2010-08-24 Procédés et appareil de pyrolyse d'un matériau Ceased WO2011028515A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10814234.0A EP2470621A4 (fr) 2009-08-24 2010-08-24 Procédés et appareil de pyrolyse d'un matériau
US13/404,843 US20120217150A1 (en) 2006-11-06 2012-02-24 Methods and apparatus for pyrolyzing material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23634309P 2009-08-24 2009-08-24
US61/236,343 2009-08-24

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/935,760 Continuation US20080128259A1 (en) 2006-11-06 2007-11-06 Methods and apparatus for pyrolyzing material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011028515A2 true WO2011028515A2 (fr) 2011-03-10
WO2011028515A3 WO2011028515A3 (fr) 2011-06-23

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2470621A4 (fr)
GB (1) GB2475671B (fr)
WO (1) WO2011028515A2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2546294A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 NCT GmbH Procédé et installation de transformation de vieux pneus en caoutchouc en matières fluides recyclables
CN104017592A (zh) * 2014-05-27 2014-09-03 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 一种多管加热回转式粉煤热解系统
WO2014184290A1 (fr) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-20 Barczyk Robert Procédé et système pour traiter un déchet de plastique
WO2017198896A1 (fr) * 2016-05-19 2017-11-23 Ecomation Oy Appareil de pyrolyse
CN117946769A (zh) * 2024-03-20 2024-04-30 上海电气集团国控环球工程有限公司 一种具有热量回收利用功能的纯氧气化炉
US11999920B2 (en) 2020-09-14 2024-06-04 Ecolab Usa Inc. Cold flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock
US12031097B2 (en) 2021-10-14 2024-07-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Antifouling agents for plastic-derived synthetic feedstocks
US12304888B2 (en) 2021-03-10 2025-05-20 Ecolab Usa Inc. Stabilizer additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113293015A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-08-24 王晓光 一种秸秆快速制炭及烟气烟尘回收处理装置及方法

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2546294A1 (fr) * 2011-07-14 2013-01-16 NCT GmbH Procédé et installation de transformation de vieux pneus en caoutchouc en matières fluides recyclables
WO2014184290A1 (fr) * 2013-05-16 2014-11-20 Barczyk Robert Procédé et système pour traiter un déchet de plastique
CN104017592A (zh) * 2014-05-27 2014-09-03 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 一种多管加热回转式粉煤热解系统
WO2017198896A1 (fr) * 2016-05-19 2017-11-23 Ecomation Oy Appareil de pyrolyse
US11999920B2 (en) 2020-09-14 2024-06-04 Ecolab Usa Inc. Cold flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock
US12503663B2 (en) 2020-09-14 2025-12-23 Ecolab Usa Inc. Cold flow additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock
US12304888B2 (en) 2021-03-10 2025-05-20 Ecolab Usa Inc. Stabilizer additives for plastic-derived synthetic feedstock
US12031097B2 (en) 2021-10-14 2024-07-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Antifouling agents for plastic-derived synthetic feedstocks
CN117946769A (zh) * 2024-03-20 2024-04-30 上海电气集团国控环球工程有限公司 一种具有热量回收利用功能的纯氧气化炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011028515A3 (fr) 2011-06-23
GB2475671B (en) 2012-05-02
EP2470621A2 (fr) 2012-07-04
GB0916410D0 (en) 2009-10-28
EP2470621A4 (fr) 2015-04-15
GB2475671A (en) 2011-06-01

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